EA021743B1 - Development method of fields with bed position from flat to steep and change of their thickness from average to rather big - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention will allow using mobile equipment at minimum mineral product losses. For that purpose, development workings pass along the bed spread with working inclination of not more than 10°, and development of the mineral product with cavities is performed in flat layers along the bed spread; with that, first, development of the upper part of the cavity is performed from the first cut driven at the highest point of the design cavity outline till the level of a haulage roadway, and then, the rest lower part of the cavity is developed from entries to the cavities driven from the slope onto the haulage roadway, and development of the mineral product in the dome of the bend is performed from a pair of slopes driven from different sides relative to the bend axis from a belt roadway to the haulage roadway; after that, mineral products are developed in the cavities located on both sides of the bend axis.

Description

The invention relates to the field of mining and can be used in the development of inclined formations, including folded ones, with difficult mining and geological conditions of occurrence of productive ore packs, as well as a wide range of changes in their capacities, for example, in the development of dome-shaped productive formations, the angles of incidence of the wings which vary from gentle to steep.

A known method of developing stratified mineral deposits, including carrying out preparatory workings, layer-by-layer mining of minerals with a chamber mining system by a combine with leaving inter-chamber pillars, a descending order of horizontal mining of a formation within a mining section for the entire thickness of the formation, and excavation drifts pass from panel workings in series in descending order with undermining at an angle of inclination of up to 18 ° (US Pat. No. 2103507 of the Russian Federation, IPC E21C 41/16, published on January 27, 1998, Bull. No. 3).

However, this method is applicable only for the development of formations with a small angle of incidence (for shallow formations), since the inclined preparatory development at an angle of up to 18 ° must be passed from the roof of the formation to its soil. In addition, this method involves a large amount of installation and dismantling work.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a method of developing a powerful shallow formation, in which the excavation field is prepared in the layer at the roof of the formation by conducting ventilation and transport workings, combine mining of minerals with cameras from the transport to the ventilation workings by openings, leaving inter-chamber pillars, and deepening with inclined ramps, transportation of the recaptured mineral within the extraction chamber by a self-propelled wagon, sequential extraction of the mineral while working out is carried out in stages in sections from top to bottom, and ventilation and transport workings are carried out at an angle to the horizon down, providing the possibility of using conveyor means, excavation chambers are carried out at an angle to the horizon up, providing the possibility of using a self-propelled car, sunset take out up or down at an angle that allows the use of the combine (US Pat. No. 2442895 of the Russian Federation, IPC E21C 41/18, publ. 02.20.2012, Bull. No. 5).

The disadvantage of this method is that it cannot be adopted in cases where powerful productive layers have a domed bedding shape, and the angles of incidence of the wings of the domes vary from gentle to steep bedding. In this case, the spatial arrangement of treatment and preparatory workings should be different.

The technical result consists in providing the possibility of using mining and transporting self-propelled equipment in the development of dome-shaped productive formations, the angles of incidence of the wings of which vary from gentle to steep.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of developing fields with bedding from shallow to steep and changing their power from medium to very powerful, including opening, preparing the reservoir by excavating preparatory workings, ventilating, mining the minerals with a chamber system, leaving inter-chamber pillars, mining and transportation of minerals with self-propelled equipment, layer-by-layer mining of minerals, sinking of workings at an angle to the horizon, we provide they can use self-propelled equipment, they additionally undergo a field conveyor drift, preparatory workings pass along the strike of the formation with a slope of the workings of not more than 10 °, and mining of minerals by cameras is carried out in shallow layers along the strike of the formation, while initially the upper part of the chamber is worked out from a split workout, passed at the highest elevation of the design contour of the camera to the level of the transport drift, and then work out the remaining lower part of the camera from races to cameras walked from a slope from a lower conveyor drift to a transport drift.

The mining of minerals in the dome of the fold is made of a pair of slopes, passed from different sides relative to the axis of the fold, from the conveyor belt to the transport drift, after which they develop mineral reserves in the chambers located on opposite sides of the axis of the fold.

The method is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the development of the reservoir; in FIG. 2 - section along aa; in FIG. 3 - a section along BB; in FIG. 4 is a section along BB; in FIG. 5 is a diagram of mining the crease dome.

The drawings show: a ventilation drift 1, a transport drift 2, a field conveyor drift 3, a slope 4 between the transport and a ventilation drift, a slope 5 for the combine complex to enter the lower layers of the treatment chambers, a treatment chamber 6, an interchamber pillar 7, rebellious workings 8, split development 9, race 10 for working out the mineral layer.

In deposits having formations of complex structure, for example, with flat to steep seams and a change in their power from medium to very powerful, existing mining methods are ineffective due to the inability to use self-propelled equipment and machines in areas with a steep dip.

To ensure the possibility of a mechanized technology for sewage treatment, a technology has been developed for a chamber development system with the sinking of all workings with an inclination angle of not more than 10 °, which allows the use of highly effective self-propelled equipment.

The method is as follows.

For the preparation and development of mineral reserves in the inter-chamber pillar pass ventilation 1 and transport 2 drifts, as well as a field conveyor drift 3 (Fig. 1).

The mining of mineral resources of the chamber is carried out according to the design contour of the chamber from the cutting excavation 9, which is located at the highest elevation of the design contour of chamber 6. Then, the combine mining of the reserves of the mineral chamber 6 is carried out successively in layers in a descending order, with the layer inclination also not exceeding 10 °. This is necessary in order to be able to use various self-propelled equipment, for example, mining and harvesting combines, loading bunkers, self-propelled cars, if necessary, drilling equipment, etc.

The development of the chamber’s reserves is carried out sequentially: the first layer is worked out from the split mine 9, each subsequent layer is from the race passed from the previous layer.

When the mining of the chamber reaches the level of transport drift 2, the subsequent mining is carried out from the races 10, passed from the slope 5 for the arrival of the combine complex on the lower layers of the treatment chambers. In this case, waste rock, which is mined before the approach of arrival 10 to the mineral, is stored in previously worked out chambers. Direct mining of minerals is also carried out in successive layers in a descending order with an inclination angle of not more than 10 ° (Fig. 2).

The transportation of the broken rock from the treatment and preparatory workings of the upper part of the treatment chamber 6 is carried out by a self-propelled wagon to the ore pass passed from the transport to the conveyor drift and through it to the conveyor drift 3.

The transportation of the rock mass during mining of the lower part of the treatment chambers is also carried out by a self-propelled wagon up to slope 5 for the combine complex to enter the lower layers of the treatment chambers with its further shipment through ore passages to the conveyor drift 3.

When mining the dome of a productive pack of minerals, there are two slopes 5 from conveyor 3 to transport 2 drift from different sides relative to the axis of the fold, which will allow to work out the reserves of the mineral chamber located on different sides of the axis of the fold. These slopes also serve to drive the combine complex into the lower layers of the treatment chambers (Fig. 5).

To organize ventilation, the split excavation 9 gets off with the ventilation drift 1, and the transport drift 2 with a slope of 4 - with the ventilation drift. In addition, the transport drift 2 slope 5 goes astray with the field conveyor drift 3 (Fig. 3).

A fresh stream of air enters through the transport (conveyor) drift 2 and is sent by a local ventilation fan to a cutaway outlet (treatment chamber).

The exhausted air stream from the dead-end treatment and preparatory workings goes to the ventilation drift and then due to the mine depression - to the main ventilation drift with its subsequent delivery to the day surface.

In this case, for the issuance of exhaust air from the conveyor 3 and transport 2 drifts, rebellious workings 8 pass to the ventilation drift 1.

The proposed method will allow the use of modern self-propelled (mining, transport and other) equipment with a range of changes in the dip angles of productive formations and their packs from gentle to steep and their power from medium to very powerful.

Claims (2)

1. The method of developing deposits with bedding from shallow to steep and changing their power from medium to very powerful, including opening, preparing the reservoir by excavating preparatory workings, ventilating, mining the minerals with a chamber system with leaving inter-chamber pillars, mining and transporting minerals with self-propelled equipment , layer-by-layer mining of minerals, sinking workings at an angle to the horizon, providing the possibility of using self-propelled equipment, about characterized by the fact that an additional field conveyor drift passes, preparatory workings pass along the strike of the formation with a slope of the workings of no more than 10 °, and mining of minerals by cameras is carried out in shallow layers along the strike of the formation, while initially the mining of the upper part of the chamber is carried out from a cut workout, passed in the highest elevation of the design contour of the camera to the level of the transport drift, and then the remaining lower part of the camera is worked out from arrivals to cameras, passed from a slope from proper conveyor drift on a transport drift. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mining of minerals in the dome of the folds is made from a pair of slopes, passed from different sides relative to the axis of the folds, from the conveyor belt to the transport drift, after which they develop mineral reserves in chambers located on opposite sides from the crease axis.