EA016190B1 - Lateral wall of railway car body and method of replacement thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Group of inventions relates to with transport machine building, in particular to railway carriage engineering, regarding construction of lateral walls of railway rolling stock, mainly passenger cars, and ways of replacement of worn lateral walls with new walls during repair-and-renewal operations. The essence of this invention, regarding lateral wall of a car body, consists in the following: lateral side of a car body consists of end (1) and intermediate (2) sections interconnected by means of welding, formed by, at least, two metal stripes (3) butt-welded in across-track direction, which, by turn, form bed (4) and supporting carcass connected to bed by means of welding. End section (1) contains one window opening (6) and intermediate section (2) contains two window openings (17) and (18). Carcass of end section (1) contains vertical profile end stand (7), single vertical zee-type stands (10), vertical double pillar zee-type wall stands (8) and (9), which pass along sides of window opening and profile passages (11), which connect zee-type vertical stands. Carcass of intermediate sections (2) contains vertical zee-type double pillar wall stands (20), (21) and (22), (23), which pass along sides of window openings (17) and (18), as well as profile passages (24) connecting vertical zee-type stands. Sections (1) and (2) are interconnected along double zee-type vertical stand (8) of carcass of end section (1) by means of welding overlapping smooth bar (15) of section (2) and shelf of vertical zee-type stand (8), forming car panelling in the form of sheet and butt-welding of profile passages (24) of carcass of section (2) with middle part of vertical zee-type stand (8). The next intermediate section (2) is connected to the first intermediate section (2) along double vertical zee-type stand (20) of section (2) and so on until formation of lateral wall with panelling in the form of sheet metal. The essence of invention associated with ways of replacement of lateral wall of a car body consists in preliminary production of end (1) and intermediate (2) sections to replace lateral wall of a car body, which is described above, and secure roof (26) of a car body by means of cross arms (27) in attitude position towards floor frame (29) of a car body, perform cutting of at least one substituted lateral wall (32) of a car body from upper (31) to lower (33) longitudinal lacing of a car body by height and from one platform door opening (34) to the other. It is necessary to install first end section (1) onto the lower longitudinal lacing (36) with provision of lateral wall verticality, beginning from the first platform door opening (34), dock this end section to the upper lacing (31) of carcass with an overlap and weld it to lacings; after mat it is necessary to install first intermediate section (2) onto the lower lacing (36) of a car body with an overlap, dock it to the upper lacing (31) with an overlap and then it is necessary to dock it to the first end section (1) in vertical direction and along double vertical zee-type stand (8) and weld it all around; the next intermediate sections (2) and second butt-section (1) are installed and welded in the same way until they are docked to the second platform door opening. Technical result consists in increase of technological effectiveness, decrease of labour-intensive works and improvement of operating conditions.

Description

The group of inventions relates to transport engineering, namely to railway car building, and relates to the design of the side walls of bodies of rail rolling stock, mainly passenger cars, and methods for their replacement during repair and restoration work.

Known side wall of the car body (I8 3631817, V61B 17/08 A, 04/01/1972), containing a frame made of vertical struts and horizontal stiffeners, to which panels are welded, consisting of an outer, predominantly smooth sheet, reinforced by an internal corrugated by sheet. Corrugated sheets are located between two adjacent vertical uprights of the carcass of the body wall and are fastened with special brackets by electric arc welding to the vertical uprights of the carcass. This complicates the design of the side wall and increases the amount of welding work, including those not mechanized, and does not sufficiently increase the bearing capacity of the structure.

Also known is the side wall of the body of a passenger car (KI 44616 I1, IPC V61B 17/08, 03/27/2005), consisting of a casing and a carcass reinforcing it, while the carcass consists of longitudinal and transverse sets of elements, the casing is made of metal sheets, United in belts and overlapping one by one, for example by welding, cutouts for installing windows and / or doors are made in part of the sheathing sheets. The casing is made of two belts interconnected along the length of one lap welded joint, the upper casing belt is made flat and equipped with cutouts for installing windows and / or doors, the lower belt is corrugated, and the shape and number of corrugations are selected from the condition of ensuring the bearing capacity of the side wall , its aesthetic appearance and ease of use.

The disadvantages of this design are the great complexity and technological complexity when carrying out repair and restoration work to replace the metal lining of the body.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed invention is the side wall of the car (KI 2271293 C2, MPK V61B 17/08, 10/27/2005), containing metal sheathing in the form of a sheet web with window openings made therein, assembled from longitudinally joined by welding and in the transverse directions of smooth strips of equal length with parts of the piers, the width of one of which is twice as wide as the other, reinforced along the contour with corrugated sheets, profile posts connected to the frame by paired ones running along the edges of the window openings, and one nocturnal profile girders, corrugated sheets and endings strapping profile. The canvas at each end is supported by a corner fitting profile located between the ends of the ends of the corrugated sheets, which is overlapped with the shelf of the end posts.

The design disadvantages are the high complexity of repairing corrosion-worn metal elements of the side walls of the car, which requires a partial replacement of body elements. In addition, in the process of replacing worn metal elements of the side walls, the required quality is not ensured due to the on-site work without rigging with a large amount of manual work, which leads to warping of the flatness of the side walls.

There is a method of assembly for welding a car body (KI 2113961, MPK V23K 37/04, June 27, 1998), in which end walls are installed on the body frame after reconciling its position, they are verified against the longitudinal axis of the frame, side walls are installed on the frame and they are fixed by means of tie clamps of the stand, coupled to the edges of the window and doorways of the sidewalls, hang the roof on the end and side walls, align them axially and press the roof against the end walls, the side walls are pressed to the roof sheathing and the harnesses are interconnected. Before attaching the roof, the side walls are tilted counterclockwise and their angular position is fixed by means of tightening grips within the mutual transverse displacement of the wall and roof harnesses, which are lowered onto the walls, and alignment of the side walls is combined with their pressing against the sides of the roof sheathing by means of tightening grips.

However, it is impossible to apply this method of assembly for welding during the overhaul of the car body when it is necessary to replace only the side walls.

A known method of assembling the side wall of the car (KI 2271293, IPC V61B 17/08, 10/27/2005), which consists in reinforcing the canvas with corrugated sheets and then connecting the canvas to the frame, while the canvas is pre-reinforced by the number of windows in pairs before assembly with parts of the frame the lower and upper runs of the frame and frame with curly overlays, and the lower and upper corrugated sheets are joined in two stiffening belts when reinforcing the web, then the web is saturated with the end and wall parts of the carcass closing in one plane an act of a stiffness belt with the end parts of the uprights, and in the other, parallel to it, the ends of paired runs in a frame covering window openings.

The disadvantage of this method is that the wall is made entirely on a separate slipway and its installation on a car is not provided. The manufacture of the entire wall requires large production areas and special equipment for installing it on the car.

In the process of conducting patent research, analogues of the claimed technical solution, a method for replacing the side wall of a car body, were not identified.

- 1 016190

The objective of the invention is the creation of a side wall of the wagon body, which has increased corrosion resistance and is easy to use, and a high-tech method of replacing a side wall that has become unusable with a new wall during the overhaul of wagons.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the side wall of the car body containing metal sheathing in the form of a sheet cloth with window openings made therein, assembled from smooth metal strips stacked in the transverse direction, reinforcing the frame, welded to metal strips, made with the possibility of inclusion in it of end profile racks and single zeta vertical racks, containing wall paired, zeta vertical racks passing along the edges of window openings , and the profile runs connecting the vertical zeta racks according to the invention are assembled from end and intermediate sections formed by at least two joined smooth strips and a reinforcing carcass interconnected by a paired zeta vertical rack of the carcass of one of two adjacent sections by welding with an overlap of a smooth strip of the second adjacent section with a shelf of a zeta vertical rack with the formation of the car skin in the form of a sheet web and butt welding of the ends of the profile girders of the frame of the second adjacent ktsii with the middle portion Zeta vertical strut, wherein the frame end sections comprises an end profiled vertical upright.

In a preferred embodiment, the side wall comprises at least three intermediate sections, each of which has two window openings.

The problem is also solved by applying the method of replacing the side wall of the car body, which consists in preliminarily making end and intermediate sections of the replacing side wall of the car body, the essence of which is described above, fix the car body roof in a spatial position relative to the car body floor frame cut the replaceable side wall of the car body from the upper to the lower longitudinal strapping of the body frame in height and from one vestibule to the second to the second, starting about t of the first vestibule doorway to the lower longitudinal strapping of the car body with the verticality of the side wall, install the first end section, overlap it with the upper longitudinal strapping of the frame and weld to the strapping, after which the first intermediate section is installed on the lower strapping of the body frame, connect the upper lap with a strapping, in the vertical direction they are joined with the first end section and welded to the strands and to the end section, the subsequent intermediate sections are similarly installed and welded section and the second end section before pairing with the second vestibule of the doorway.

In the particular case of execution, the car roof can be fixed by welding cross struts along the spinal beam to the metal floor and to the upper longitudinal trim of the car body frame.

The essence of the proposed technical solutions is illustrated by the following drawings:

in FIG. 1 shows the appearance of a side wall;

in FIG. 2 - end section of the side wall (inside view of the car);

in FIG. 3 - an intermediate section of the side wall (inside view of the car);

in FIG. 4 is a section AA in FIG. one;

in FIG. 5 is a section BB in FIG. one; in FIG. 6 is an end view of a wagon in the process of replacing a side wall; in FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a carriage with a partially replaced side wall.

The side wall (Fig. 1) of the car body is assembled from two end sections 1 and four intermediate sections 2. The end section 1 (Fig. 2) of the side wall of the car consists of three rectangular metal strips 3 (Fig. 2), butt welded together in the transverse direction and forming the web 4, in which near the vertical lateral edge 5 of the web 4, a window opening 6 with radial angles is cut by plasma cutting. Inside, the web 4 is reinforced with a frame, including an end profile rack 7 welded to an overlap to the web, paired 8, 9 and single 10 zeta vertical racks, which ensure the rigidity of the web in the transverse direction, and connecting profile runs 11 L-shaped, welded butt to middle parts of vertical racks 7, 8, 9, 10 and overlap to the web 4. Lining paired 8, 9 zeta vertical racks are welded near the window opening 6. The number and size of runs 11 are selected from the calculation of ensuring the necessary rigidity cloths in the longitudinal direction. A vertical wall zeta rack 8, reinforcing a window wall 12 along with a pair of columns 9, is welded by a part of the shelf to the side edge 5 of the canvas 4. Profiles 13, 14 are mounted on section 1 for fixing the car’s internal equipment.

The intermediate section 2 (Fig. 3) of the side wall (Fig. 1) of the car body also consists of three rectangular metal strips 15 (Fig. 3), butt welded together in the transverse direction and forming a web 16, in which window openings are cut by plasma cutting 17, 18 with radial angles, and the window opening 17 is located near the lateral edge 19 of the canvas 16. Inside the canvas 16 is reinforced with a frame, including paired vertical struts near the window openings 17 and 18, respectively welded to the overlap, 20, 21, 22, 23, provide which stiffens the web in the transverse direction, and the profile runs of the L-shaped connecting them

- 2016190 of mold 24, butt welded to the middle part of the vertical struts 20, 21, 22, 23 and with an overlap to the web 16. The number and size of runs 24 are selected to ensure the necessary rigidity of the web 16 in the longitudinal direction. One of the wall-mounted zeta racks 20, which reinforces the window opening 17 along with the pair of racks 21, is welded by a part of the shelf to the vertical lateral edge 19 of the web 16. The zeta vertical racks used in the frames of both sections contain holes 25 necessary for fixing the car’s internal equipment.

Each section 1, 2 is made separately on the stocks. The web of the section is preliminarily manufactured by butt welding of several metal strips. Then, window openings are cut out in the canvas by plasma cutting, after which the frame is welded to the canvas. A protective coating is applied to the assembled section. To form a side wall, sections 1, 2 are connected by welding along paired zeta vertical posts 8, 20, etc.

The method of replacing the side wall of the car body is as follows.

Pre-made two extreme sections 1 and four intermediate sections 2 of the replacement side wall of the car body (Fig. 2, 3). Before installing the replacement side wall, the car roof 26 is preliminarily fixed in the spatial position with respect to the car frame by welding the spacers 27 (Fig. 6, 7) crosswise along the spinal beam 28 every 1.5 m to the metal floor 29 in the area of the spinal 28 and transverse beams 30 of the frame and to the upper trim of the zeta profile 31 of the roof frame of the car body. Then, the damaged metal side walls 32 are completely cut out from the upper 31 to the lower 33 of the longitudinal strapping of the body frame in height and from one vestibule doorway 34 to the second (not shown in the figures). If it is necessary to replace the lower strapping 33, it is cut out, extended by the transverse beams 30 of the floor frame 29 by welding metal plates 35 (Fig. 6) with the condition of ensuring the verticality of the replacement side wall. To the elongated transverse beams 30, the lower harness 36 of the L-shaped profile is welded. After that, starting from the first vestibule doorway 34, ready-made sections of the side wall are installed and welded in turn, while the end section 1 is overlapped on the lower trim 36 (Fig. 4) of the frame, overlap with the upper trim 31, and then welded around the perimeter . The first intermediate section 2 is installed with a lap 16 on the lower trim 36 of the body frame (Fig. 4), overlap with the upper trim 31, in the vertical direction is joined with the cloth 4 along the free part of the shelf of the zeta vertical strut 8 of the first welded end section 1 (Fig. 5) and welded from the outer side of the sheathing around the perimeter of the web 16, and from the inner side of the sheathing welded the extreme vertical part of the web 16 to the zeta upright 8. The ends of the profile runs 24 are also welded to the middle part of the zeta 8. Similarly ikalnoy rack section 2 is attached to the next intermediate section 2. The latter intermediate section 2 above manner is attached a second end section 1 which mates with the second tambour door opening. As a result of this method of connecting the sections to each other, the outer skin of the car has the form of a single sheet metal web. The second side wall of the car body is replaced in the same way as the replacement of the first side wall.

The presence of an insignificant amount of lap joints and the absence of protruding parts during operation of the car facilitate the conditions for removing contaminants and painting car bodies, contribute to increased corrosion resistance by eliminating hard-to-reach cavities - corrosion concentrators and preserving the paintwork of the side walls of the car.

The proposed design of the side wall of the car body and the method of replacing the worn side walls of the car body with new walls allows to obtain a technical result consisting in improving manufacturability, reducing labor-intensive work, improving operating conditions, while the sheathing of the side wall of the car body has an aesthetic appearance.

Claims (4)

CLAIM 1. The side wall of the wagon body, containing metal sheathing in the form of a sheet web with window openings made therein, assembled from smooth metal strips joined by welding in the transverse direction; the reinforcing frame, connected by welding with metal strips, made with the possibility of including end profile racks and single zeta vertical racks, containing lining paired, zeta vertical racks passing along the edges of window openings, and profile runs connecting vertical zeta racks, characterized in that assembled from end and intermediate sections formed by at least two joined smooth stripes and a reinforcing frame, interconnected by a pair of zetas in the vertical rack of the frame of one of the two adjacent sections by lap welding of the smooth strip of the second adjacent section with the shelf of the zeta vertical rack with the formation of the car skin in the form of a sheet web and butt welding of the ends of the profile runs of the frame of the second adjacent section with the middle part of the zeta vertical rack, while the end sections contains the end profile vertical rack. 2. The side wall of the car body according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least three intermediate sections, each of which has two window openings. 3. The method of replacing the side wall of the car body, which consists in the fact that the end and intermediate sections of the replacing side wall of the car body according to claim 1 are preliminarily manufactured, the roof of the car body is fixed in a spatial position with respect to the frame of the car body floor, the interchangeable side wall is cut out of the car body from the upper to the lower longitudinal trim of the carcass in height and from one vestibule doorway to the second, starting from the first vestibule doorway to the lower longitudinal trim of the body in rut with the verticality of the side wall, install the first end section, overlap it with the upper longitudinal strapping of the frame and weld to the strapping, after which the first intermediate section is installed on the lower strapping of the body frame, overlap with the upper strapping, dock in the vertical direction with the first end section and welded to the harnesses and to the end section, similarly install and weld the subsequent intermediate sections and the second end section to interface with the second vestibule door aperture. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the car roof is fixed by welding the spacers crosswise along the spinal beam to the metal floor and to the upper longitudinal strapping of the car body frame. ---- \ - ~ .------------- 4— □ Bg lb □ □ □ □ l □ □ o oh