EA015853B1 - Inner shell intended for a gyratory crusher, and method of attaching such a shell on a crushing head - Google Patents

Abstract

An inner shell (4) has a first part of a lug-notch arrangement, which first part is arranged to co-operate with a second part of the arrangement to prevent rotation of the inner shell (4) relative to a crushing head (3). The inner shell (4) has a contact surface in its upper portion and is arranged to be pressed towards the lower portion (10) of the crushing head (3) by a pressing force which is obtained by tightening at least two threaded bolts, which are arranged in the upper portion (12) of the crushing head (3) such that their longitudinal direction is substantially parallel to the symmetry axis (S) of the crushing head (3).

Description

The present invention relates to a method for attaching an inner armor in a cone crusher to a crushing head having a lower part and an upper part that is narrower than the lower part, the inner armor of the head being formed in order to limit the grinding gap for receiving material together with the outer armor of the crusher, intended for crushing.

The present invention also relates to an inner armor formed for attachment in a cone crusher to a crushing head having a lower part and an upper part that is narrower than the lower part, in order to limit together with the outer armor of the crusher a grinding gap for receiving material intended for crushing.

The invention also relates to a cone crusher.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A cone crusher of the type indicated above can be used to crush, for example, ore or stone into smaller parts. A cone crusher typically comprises a crusher shaft and a crushing head mounted on said shaft and adapted to support the first crushing armor in the form of an internal armor. In addition, the cone crusher has a frame on which a second crushing armor in the form of an external armor is mounted. The second crushing armor, together with the first crushing armor, limits the grinding gap, into which material intended for crushing can flow.

During the crushing operation, the crushing armor wears out, which means that they need to be replaced regularly. Replacing the first crushing armor mounted on the crushing head typically involves loosening the mounting nut or screw. I8 2006/0113414 describes how unscrewing a fixing screw historically involves relatively labor-intensive actions, such as using a blowtorch and a sledgehammer. On this basis, I8 2006/0113414 proposes an alternative solution comprising a blocking plate adapted to press the first crushing armor against the crushing head. The blocking plate is bolted to a threaded stud screwed onto the crusher shaft. The blocking plate is provided with slots interacting with corresponding protrusions or ears on the first crushing armor. During the crushing process, the first crushing armor will rotate around the crushing head. As a result, the first crushing armor will also cause the blocking plate to rotate, which in turn will cause the threaded stud to rotate, as a result of which it is screwed into the crusher shaft, thereby securing the first armor to the crushing head.

The disadvantage of the fixing device described in I8 2006/0113414 is that it requires the installation of a large number of parts to fix the first crushing armor to the crushing head, and that the bolts used to fix the blocking plate to the threaded pin are subjected to heavy loads .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aim of the present invention is to propose a method of attaching the inner armor to the crushing head of the cone crusher, which contains few operations and creates only small loads on the parts that attach the inner armor to the crushing head.

This goal is achieved using the method according to the restrictive part of claim 1, characterized in that the inner armor is brought into contact with the crushing head by installing it on the crushing head in the direction from its upper part to its lower part;

at least one protrusion is used to prevent unlimited rotation of the inner armor when it is mounted on the crushing head relative to the specified crushing head;

the inner armor is pressed against the lower part of the crushing head by means of at least two threaded bolts, which are located in the upper part of the crushing head so that in their longitudinal direction they are located essentially parallel to the axis of symmetry of the crushing head, and then tightened.

One of the advantages of this method is that the armor can be mounted using ordinary bench tools, such as wrenches of certain sizes, corresponding to the indicated bolts. There will be no noticeable self-tightening of the bolts, which facilitates the dismantling of the internal armor. The protrusion does not allow rotation of the inner armor relative to the crushing head, which reduces the load on the bolts and allows the use of relatively small bolts.

According to a preferred embodiment, a spring element is placed between the at least two threaded bolts and the inner armor. One of the advantages of this embodiment is that the size changes that the armor normally undergoes during the crushing operation can be absorbed by the spring element without the bolts being subjected to excessive loads, and / or without too much reduction in the force pressing the inner armor against the crushing head.

Accordingly, said at least two threaded bolts are tightened to such an extent that said at least one spring element after tightening said at least

- 1 015853 two bolts, retains at least 5% of the spring travel of the spring element in its unloaded state. One of the advantages of this embodiment is that the spring element can absorb dimensional changes in the internal armor in both directions.

According to one embodiment, said at least two threaded bolts are inserted into bolt holes located in a flange located in the upper part of the inner armor and tightened so as to press the specified flange and, thus, the inner armor to the lower part of the crushing head. The flange forms a very simple structure with few parts.

According to another embodiment, said at least two bolts are inserted into bolt holes located in the coupling ring and tightened so as to press said coupling ring against the top of the inner armor. The coupling ring allows the use of internal armor of a very simple design.

Another objective of the present invention is the provision of internal armor, which is easy to install on the crushing head of the cone crusher and to dismantle it.

This goal is achieved using internal armor according to the restrictive part of claim 6, characterized in that it has a first part of a mechanism for combining a protrusion and a slot, and the first part is adapted to prevent, in cooperation with the second part of the specified mechanism, unlimited rotation of the internal armor relative to the crushing head moreover, the inner armor has a contact surface in its upper part and is adapted to be pressed against the lower part of the crushing head by the pressing force acting on the contact surface and obtained by tightening at least two threaded bolts that are located in the upper part of the crushing head so that in their longitudinal direction they are located essentially parallel to the axis of symmetry of the crushing head.

One of the advantages of this inner armor is that it allows the use of bolts that are easy to install and remove, while ensuring reliable fastening of the inner armor and the crushing head. This becomes possible, among other things, due to the fact that the fastening function of the inner armor, which is achieved by means of bolts, is separated from the function of preventing the rotation of the inner armor around the crushing head, achieved by the mechanism of combining the protrusion and the slot.

According to one embodiment, a protrusion is formed on the inner armor. According to another embodiment, a slot is formed on the inner armor, preferably in its upper part.

According to a preferred embodiment, the inner armor is provided with a spring seat, which is designed to accommodate at least one spring element between the inner armor and said at least two threaded bolts. The spring socket allows the inner armor to be pressed against the crushing head by the spring force, which means that resizing the inner armor can be eliminated without overloading the bolts or using too little fastening force.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a cone crusher in which the installation and dismantling of the internal armor is easier than in previous crushers.

This goal is achieved using a cone crusher according to the restrictive part of p. 14, characterized in that the inner armor has a first part of the mechanism for combining the protrusion and the slot, and the corresponding second part of the mechanism for combining the protrusion and the slot is placed next to the crushing head to prevent unlimited rotation of the inner armor relative to crushing head, and the inner armor is pressed against the lower part of the crushing head by means of at least two threaded bolts that are located in the upper part crushing head so that its longitudinal direction are arranged substantially parallel to the axis of symmetry of the crushing head.

One of the advantages of this cone crusher is that the internal armor is fastened with the help of such devices, namely bolts and protrusions, which are easily installed and dismantled and which are difficult to grip during the operation of the crusher.

According to a preferred embodiment, said at least one spring element comprises a disk spring, a coil spring or a rubber sleeve. These devices are simple and strong spring elements that can create the desired spring force in connection with the bolts that secure the internal armor to the crushing head.

Preferably, the cone crusher does not have a main shaft nut that can rotate around the axis of symmetry of the vertical shaft carrying the crushing head. The main shaft nut, which has an inner diameter substantially corresponding to the outer diameter of the vertical shaft, and which can be screwed onto the corresponding thread in the upper part of the vertical shaft, is used in accordance with the prior art for attaching the internal armor to the crushing head. The main shaft nut of this type, which often has an internal diameter of about 30-100 cm and is screwed to the outer periphery of the shaft, is difficult to install and often grabs during crusher operation. If a nut of this type can be dispensed with, which is possible in the case of a cone crusher according to the present invention, a lot of time is saved when installing and removing the internal armor.

- 2 015853

Other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the appended claims.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention will now be described in the form of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a cone crusher;

in FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a device according to a first embodiment of an internal armor mount in a crusher;

in FIG. 3a is an enlarged view of a portion 111a shown in FIG. 2;

in FIG. 3b is a schematic sectional view illustrating the principle of attaching the internal armor; in FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of the inner armor when viewed diagonally from below;

in FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view of the crushing head when viewed diagonally from above;

in FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a device for attaching internal armor to a cone crusher according to a second embodiment;

in FIG. 7 is a side view of various components of the device shown in FIG. 6;

in FIG. 8 is a side view of an internal armor mounted on a crushing head;

in FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of a device for attaching internal armor to a cone crusher according to a third embodiment;

in FIG. 10a is a sectional view of an internal armor mounted on a crushing head;

in FIG. 10b is an enlarged sectional view of the portion Xa shown in FIG. 10a; in FIG. 11 is a three-dimensional view of the inner armor when viewed diagonally from below; in FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional view of the crushing head when viewed diagonally from above.

Description of Preferred Embodiments

In FIG. 1a, a cone crusher is illustrated schematically, which has a substantially vertical crusher shaft 1. At its lower end 2, the crusher shaft 1 is eccentrically mounted. At its upper end, the crusher shaft 1 carries a crushing head 3. The first crushing armor in the form of an internal armor 4 is mounted outside the crushing head 3. The second crushing armor in the form of an external armor 5 surrounds the inner armor 4. The inner armor 4 and the outer armor 5 limit the grinding a slit 6, the width of which in axial section decreases downward, as shown in FIG. 1. The outer armor 5 is attached to the frame of the crusher 7, schematically illustrated in FIG. 1. The shaft of the crusher 1 and thus the crushing head 3 and the inner armor 4 can be raised and lowered by means of a hydraulic adjusting device (not shown). A motor (not shown) is adapted to cause the crusher 1 on the shaft and, thus, on the crushing head 3, to perform a rotary swinging motion during operation of the crusher, i.e., a movement in which both crushing armors 4, 5 come closer together generatrix of rotation and depart from each other along the diametrically opposite generatrix.

The material intended for crushing is fed into the grinding slot 6 and crushed between the two armors 4, 5.

In FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the crusher shaft 1 and the crushing head 3, which carries the inner armor 4. When crushing the material in the cone crusher, large pressure forces will act on the inner armor 4. In order to guarantee the transfer of such clamping forces from the inner armor 4 to the crushing head 3 and then to the crusher shaft 1, the inner armor must be firmly attached to the crushing head 3. The crushing operation will also create efforts to rotate the inner armor 4 around the crushing head 3 The fastening device 8 is adapted to attach the inner armor 4 to the crushing head 3 so that forces can be transmitted from the inner armor 4 to the crushing head 3 while preventing rotation of the inner Rony 4 about the crushing head 3. As will be described in more detail below, the securing device 8 is located in a manner allowing easy to separate the inner shell 4 by the crushing head 3 when worn inner armor 4 and the need for its replacement.

The crushing head 3 has the shape of a support cone and has a lower part 10 and an upper part 12. As shown in FIG. 2, the upper part 12 is already the lower part 10. When installing the inner armor 4 on the crushing head 3, the inner armor 4, which has a substantially conical shape, is applied in the direction from the upper part 12 of the similar conical crushing head 3 to the lower part 10 of the crushing head 3. The fastening device 8 is then used to fasten the inner armor 4 to the crushing head 3 by squeezing the inner armor 4 down, by the path shown in FIG. 2, to the lower part 10 of the crushing head 3.

In FIG. 3a, the mounting device 8 is illustrated in more detail. The fastening device 8 contains eight bolts, of which in FIG. 3a shows only one bolt 14, spring elements in the form of eight spring elements, one for each bolt, of which in FIG. 3 a shows only one spring element 16, and eight threaded holes in the upper part 12 of the crushing head, of which FIG. 3a shows only one hole 18. The bolts 14 are substantially parallel in their longitudinal direction to the axis of symmetry 8 of the shaft of the crusher 1 and the crushing head 3, as shown in FIG. 2. The fastening device 8 also contains a protective casing 20, designed to protect the bolts 14 and spring

- 3 015853 elements 16 of the material loaded into the crusher. In its upper part 22, the inner armor 4 is provided with a substantially horizontal flange 24.

In FIG. 3b, the principle of attaching the inner armor 4 to the crushing head 3 is illustrated in more detail. The flange 24 of the inner armor 4 has a contact surface 26. The contact surface 26 has a socket for the spring 28. The spring element 16 is secured by a bolt 14 between the head 30 of the bolt 14 and the socket 28 for the spring. When attaching the inner armor 4 to the crushing head 3, first a spring element 16 is put on each bolt 14. Then each bolt 14 is inserted into the corresponding through hole 18 for the bolt in the flange 24 and passed into the corresponding threaded hole 18 in the upper part 12 of the crushing head 3. C using a constant-size wrench, which is applied to the head 30 of the bolt 14, the bolt 14 is then tightened so that the head 30 of the bolt 14 presses the spring element 16 to the socket 28 placed on the contact surface 26. In this case, the bolt 14 presses the fl Anets 24 and thus the inner armor 4 down, as shown in FIG. 3b, towards the crushing head 3 and for attaching the inner armor 4 to the crushing head 3. As shown in FIG. 3b, the spring element 16 has, after tightening the bolt 14 with the required tightening torque, a height N. This height H must be such that the spring element 16 retains at least 5% of its original spring travel. This requires the following conditions: the spring element 16 may, for example, have a total height of 30 mm in a fully unloaded condition and a total height of 10 mm in a fully compressed state, i.e. at a time when no spring travel remains. Accordingly, the total spring stroke of the spring element 16 is 30-10 = 20 mm. When the bolt 14 is tightened to the desired tightening torque, at least 5% of the spring travel must remain, i.e. after tightening the bolt 14 to the desired tightening torque, at least 0.05x20 mm = 1.0 mm from the original spring stroke must remain. Thus, the height H of FIG. 3b should be equal after tightening the bolt 14 to the desired tightening torque of at least 10 + 1 = 11 mm. It is assumed that the stiffness of the spring element 16 is selected in such a way that the desired tightening torque can be used for the bolts 14 without reducing the remaining spring travel of the spring element 16 compared to the desired and above.

When crushing the material in a cone crusher, the material will act on the inner armor 4. In many cases, this means that the inner armor 4 is squeezed out and that its vertical length increases. This vertical extension causes the inner armor 4 to expand upward, which means that the flange 24 moves vertically upward, as shown in FIG. 3b. Since the spring element 16 maintains a certain spring stroke, also after tightening the bolts 14, this upward displacement of the flange 24 will not create an excessive load on the bolts 14, since the vertical displacement of the flange 14 can be absorbed by the spring element 16.

In FIG. 4 shows how the inner armor 4 in its inner and lower part 34 is provided with four protrusions 36 uniformly distributed over the inner periphery of the inner armor 4. Four protrusions 36 form the first parts of the mechanism for combining the protrusion and the slot, designed to prevent rotation of the inner armor 4 with respect to the crushing head 3, as will be described in more detail below.

In FIG. 5 shows a crushing head 3 having in its upper part 12 eight threaded holes 18 for the bolts 14 shown in FIG. 3a and 3b. In the lower part 10 of the crushing head 3 there are four slots, of which in FIG. 5, only two slots 38 are shown, the slots being evenly distributed along the periphery of the crushing head 3. The slots 38 constitute the second parts of the protrusion and slot combination mentioned above. When the inner armor 4 is mounted on the crushing head 3, the inner armor 4 is lowered onto the crushing head so that the protrusions 36 on the inner side of the inner armor 4 are engaged with corresponding slots 38 in the outer periphery of the crushing head 3. When the protrusions 36 are engaged slots 38, the inner armor 4 cannot be rotated relative to the crushing head 3. This means that the bolts 14 shown in FIG. 3a and 3b are not subjected to shear forces during crushing of the material in a cone crusher. Eliminating shear forces significantly reduces the risk of breaking or seizing bolts 14.

In FIG. 6 illustrates the installation of the inner armor 104 on the crushing head 103 mounted on the shaft of the crusher 101. When attaching the inner armor 104 to the crushing head 103, a fastening device 108 is used that includes, among other things, a coupling ring 124.

In FIG. 7, the fastening device 108 and the inner armor 104 are illustrated in more detail. On the inner side of its upper part 122, the inner armor 104 comprises a conical contact surface 126. The inner armor 104 is further provided with a first part of the projection and slot-shaped system of the slot 138 made around the periphery of the inner armor 104, in its upper part 122. The coupling ring has a tapered contact surface 127, which is adapted to interact with the contact surface 126 and pushes the inner armor 104 down, as shown in and FIG. 7, in the direction of the crushing head 103. The coupling ring 124 is provided with a series of guide pins 129, which are intended to be inserted into the corresponding holes 131 for the guide pins in the upper part 112 of the crushing head 103. The purpose of the guide pins 129 is to prevent the coupling ring from rotating. 124 with respect to the crushing head 103. In its upper part 112, the crushing head 103 also contains eight threaded holes 118 for bolts, which have essentially the same device as the threaded holes 18 of the bolts shown in ur. 3a and 3b. The compression ring 124 has eight through holes 132 for the bolts, the position of which corresponds to the position of the threaded holes 118 for the bolts. Eight bolts 114 are positioned so as to be passed through the through holes 132 for the bolts in the compression ring 124, parallel to the axis of symmetry 8 of the crushing head 103. Each bolt 113 is provided with a spring element 116 of a type similar to the spring elements 16 described above. The bolt holes 132 extending from the coupling ring 124 are partially countersunk and have spring receptacles 128, as shown in FIG. 7, which means that each spring member 116 will penetrate a certain distance into the coupling ring 124 before it reaches each spring seat 128 in the respective holes 132 for the bolts of the coupling ring 124. When the bolts 114 are tightened to the desired tightening torque, they press the coupling ring 124 down, as shown in FIG. 7, in the direction of the crushing head 103 and in the direction of the contact surface 126 of the inner armor 104. The bolts 114 are tightened in the manner described above, i.e. such that the spring elements 116 retain at least 5% of their spring travel in an unloaded state. Thus, the fastening device 108 operates according to a principle similar to the principle of the fastening device 8, and the difference is that the bolts 114 push the coupling ring 124 down, which in turn pushes the inner armor 104 down towards the crushing head 103.

In its upper part, the compression ring 124 has recesses 137, as shown in FIG. 7. The protrusions, which form the second part of the specified system of combining the protrusion and the slot, are designed to be bolted 139 in the corresponding recesses 137 in the coupling ring 124. The protrusions 136 are designed so that each protrusion 136, being fixed in the corresponding recess 137, will be included in the corresponding slot 138 in the upper part 122 of the inner armor 104. The protrusions 136 will thus prevent the rotation of the inner armor 104 relative to the coupling ring 124. Since, in turn, the guide pins 129 do not allow rotation Ia clamping ring 124 relative to the crushing head 103 is precluded rotatable inside armor 104 relative to the crushing head 103. Thus, according to a principle similar to that described with reference in particular to FIG. 4-5, a fastening arrangement is achieved in which the bolts 114 are not exposed to shear forces, since all such forces are absorbed by the combined protrusion and slot.

After installing the coupling ring 124 with bolts 114 and securing the protrusions 126 by screwing in such a way that the position of each recess 137 is fixed relative to each slot 138, a protective cover 120 is mounted with two bolts 121 which is screwed to the coupling ring 124.

In FIG. 8 shows the inner armor 104 after being assembled on the crushing head 103 using the fastening device 108. As shown in the figure, the only reliably visible parts of the device 108 are the protective casing 120, the slot 138 and the protrusion 136, which fixes the slot 138 and, thus, the inner the armor 104 relative to the coupling ring 124 and, thus, relative to the crushing head 103.

In FIG. 9 shows a crushing head 203, which is adapted for use in crushers of this type in which the crushing head rotates around a fixed shaft of the crusher, see, for example, FIG. 1 in application I8 2006 / 0113414A1. In FIG. 9 of the present invention, additionally shown is an internal armor 204 that is adapted to be mounted in the crushing head 203 using a fastening device 208 that includes, inter alia, a compression ring 224.

On the inside of its upper portion 222, the inner armor 204 has a tapered contact surface 226. The compression ring 224 has a tapered contact surface 227 adapted to engage with said contact surface 226 and pushes the inner armor 204 down, as shown in FIG. 9, in the direction of the crushing head 203. In its upper part 212, the crushing head 203 also has four threaded holes 18 for the bolts shown in FIG. 3a and 3b. The clamping ring 224 has four through holes for bolts 232, the positions of which correspond to the positions of the threaded holes 218 for bolts. Four bolts 214 are adapted to be inserted through bolt holes 232 passing through the coupling ring 224, and for screwing into bolt holes 218 in the crushing head 203. As shown in FIG. 9, the bolts 214 in the longitudinal direction are substantially parallel to the axis of symmetry 8 of the crushing head 203. The protective cover 220 is adapted to screw onto the coupling ring 224 using a central bolt 221.

In FIG. 10a shows how the inner armor 204 is mounted on the crushing head

203 with a fastening device 208. A protective cover 220 is mounted on the fastening device 208 with a central bolt and protects the fastening device 208 from incoming crushing material.

In FIG. 10b shows on an enlarged scale the portion Xa shown in FIG. 10a. As shown, each bolt 214 is provided with a spring member 216 of a type similar to the spring members 16 described above. The bolt 214 has a bolt head 230, which by means of a washer 231 presses the spring element 216 against the spring seat 228 in the coupling ring 224. The bolt 214 is tightened in the manner described above, i.e. such that the spring member 216 retains at least 5% of its spring travel from an unloaded state. Thus, the fastening device 208 operates according to a principle similar to the principle of the fastening device 8, with the difference that the bolts 214 push the coupling ring 224 down, and this in turn pushes the inner armor 204 down in the direction of the crushing head 203.

In FIG. 11 it is shown that the inner armor 204 is provided with inside and on its upper part 222 two protrusions 236 that are evenly distributed on the inner periphery of the inner armor 204. These two protrusions form the first parts of the connection system of the protrusion and slots, designed to prevent unlimited rotation of the inner armor 204 around a crushing head 203, as will be explained in more detail below.

In FIG. 12 shows a crushing head 203. In the upper part 212 of the crushing head 205 two slots 238 are formed that are evenly distributed around the periphery of the crushing head 203. The cuts form the second parts of the protrusion and slit connection mechanism mentioned above. When installing the inner armor 204 on the crushing head 203, the inner armor 204 is lowered onto the crushing head 203 so that the protrusions 236 on the inner side of the inner armor mesh with the corresponding slots 238 on the outer periphery of the crushing head 203. When the protrusions 236 interact with the slots 238, the ability the inner armor 204 rotate relative to the crushing head 203 is significantly reduced. This means that the bolts 214 shown in FIG. 10a and 10b are not exposed to excessive shear forces during crushing of the material in a cone crusher. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 and 12, the maximum allowable rotation of the internal armor 204 will be less than half the revolution. Slots 238 can be designed in a different way, for example, it is possible to use one slot so wide that the inner armor can be rotated almost a whole revolution, but no more. It is possible and often preferable to make narrower cuts so that the inner armor can rotate less than a quarter turn or, most preferably, not rotate around the crushing head at all.

It is understood that, within the scope of the invention limited by the appended claims, a number of modifications of the described embodiments are possible.

It is understood, for example, that other types of mechanism for connecting the protrusions and slots can be used, which may vary the design, number and position of the protrusions and slots.

It was described above how the internal armor is fixed by means of bolts of the type having a bolt head and a threaded rod attached to it. It is clear that it is also possible to use other types of bolts, for example threaded rods. In the latter case, a nut is screwed onto the bolt.

This means that the nut serves as the head of the bolt.

According to the above description, the spring elements 16 can serve as spring elements placed between the bolts 14 and the inner armor 16. It is understood that with the implementation of the present invention, many different types of spring elements can be used. Examples of suitable spring elements are Belleville springs, coil springs, rubber bushings, etc.

According to the above description, four or eight bolts 14, 114, 214 are used to attach the inner armor 4, 104, 204. It is understood that the number of bolts can vary over a wide range. Usually it is preferable to use from 2 to 20 bolts for attaching the internal armor, even more preferred to use from 3 to 16 bolts with the corresponding number of bolt holes 18, 118, 218, which are properly symmetrically distributed around the circumference of the crushing head.

The description of the Swedish patent application No. 0701184-4, on the basis of which the priority of this application is claimed, is hereby incorporated by reference.

Claims (19)

CLAIM 1. The method of fastening the inner armor (4) to the crushing head (3) of a cone crusher, while the crushing head (3, 103) has a lower part (10) and an upper part (12), which is already lower (10), and the inner the armor (4, 104) is configured so as to limit, together with the outer armor (5) of the crusher, the slit (6) intended for receiving and grinding the material to be crushed, characterized in that the inner armor (4) is brought into contact with the crushing head ( 3) by installing it on the crushing head (3) in the direction from its upper part (12) to its lower part (10); at least one protrusion (36, 136), which has internal armor (4, 104), is inserted when installing the armor on the crushing head (3) into the slot (38, 138) corresponding to this projection (36, 136), made in the crushing a head (3, 103) to prevent unlimited rotation of said armor (4, 104) relative to said crushing head (3); internal armor (4, 104) is pressed to the lower part (10) of the crushing head (3) by means of at least two bolts (14, 114, 214), which are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes (18, 118, 218) in the upper part ( 12, 112, 212) of the crushing head (3, 103), located essentially parallel to the axis of symmetry (8) of the crushing head (3, 103), and then tightened. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one spring element (16) is placed between the bolts (14, 114, 214) and the internal armor (4, 104). 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that at least two bolts (14) are tightened to such an extent that at least one spring element (16), after tightening at least two bolts (14), retains at least 5 % of the spring play of the spring element (16) in its unloaded condition. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bolts (14, 114, 214) are inserted into the holes (32, 132, 232) located in the flange (24) located in the upper part (22) of the inner armor (4, 104), and tighten so as to press the specified flange (24) and, thus, the internal armor (4, 104) against the lower part (10) of the crushing head (3). 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said bolts (14, 114, 214) are inserted into the holes (32, 132, 232) made in the clamping ring (124, 224), and tighten in this way to press the clamping ring (124, 224) against the upper part (122, 222) of the inner armor (104, 204). 6. Internal armor designed to be mounted in a cone crusher to a crushing head (3), having a lower part (10) and an upper part (12), which is already lower part (10), in order to limit along with the external armor (5 ) crusher slot (6), which serves to receive and grind the material to be crushed, characterized in that the internal armor (4, 104) has a protrusion (36) or slot (38), made with the possibility of engagement with the corresponding slot (138 ) or protrusion (136), made in the crushing head (3) so as to prevent The rotation of the inner armor (4, 104) relative to the crushing head (3), the inner armor (4, 104) has in its upper part (22, 122) a contact surface (26, 126) and is adapted to press against the lower part (10) of the crushing head (3) by a clamping force acting on the contact surface (26, 126) and obtained by tightening at least two bolts (14, 114, 214) that are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes (18, 118, 218 ), made in the upper part (12) of the crushing head (3) and located essentially parallel to the axis immetrii (8) of the crushing head (3). 7. Internal armor according to claim 6, characterized in that it has at its upper end (22) a substantially horizontal flange (24) having at least two holes (32) for bolts into which the specified bolts can be inserted ( 14). 8. Internal armor according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a clamping ring (124, 224) having through holes (132) for bolts, while the clamping ring (124, 224) is adapted to clamp to the contact surface (126, 226) by the indicated bolts (114, 214) passing through the through holes (132), with at least one spring element (16) being located between the bolts (114, 214) and the inner armor (4) so that the contact surface (126 , 226) absorbs pressure forces from the clamping ring (124, 224). 9. Internal armor according to any one of paragraphs.6-8, characterized in that it contains at least one protrusion (36, 236), passing in the direction of the crushing head and adapted to engage with the corresponding slot (38, 238), made in the crushing head (3, 203). 10. The internal armor according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one protrusion (236) is placed in the upper part (222) of the internal armor (204). 11. Internal armor according to any one of paragraphs.6-8, characterized in that it has at least one slot (138), made with the possibility of engagement with the corresponding protrusion (136), made on the crushing head (103). 12. The internal armor according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one slot (138) is located - 7 015853 laid in the upper part (122) of the internal armor (104). 13. Internal armor according to any one of paragraphs.6-12, characterized in that it has a slot (28), which is designed to accommodate at least one spring element (16) between the internal armor (4) and at least two threaded bolts (14). 14. Cone crusher containing internal armor (4) attached to the crushing head (3), having the lower part (10) and upper part (12), which is already the lower part (10), in order to limit along with the external armor (5) crusher slot (6), which serves to receive and grind the material to be crushed, characterized in that the internal armor (4, 104) has a protrusion (36) or slot (38) made with the possibility of engagement with the corresponding slot (138) or a protrusion (136), made in the crushing head (3) so as to prevent unlit Internal armor rotation (4, 104) relative to the crushing head (3), and the internal armor (4) is pressed against the bottom (10) of the crushing head (3) by means of at least two bolts (14, 114, 214) that are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes (18, 118, 218) in the upper part (12, 112, 212) of the crushing head (3, 103) and are located essentially parallel to the axis of symmetry (8) of the crushing head (3, 103). 15. Cone crusher according to claim 14, characterized in that the spring element (16) is placed between said bolts (14, 114, 214) and internal armor (4, 104). 16. The cone crusher of claim 14, wherein the bolts (14) are tightened to such an extent that the spring elements (16) retain at least 5% of the spring stroke of the spring element (16) in its unloaded condition. 17. Cone crusher according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that at least one spring element (16) is a cup-shaped spring, a spiral spring or a rubber sleeve. 18. Cone crusher according to any one of paragraphs.14-17, characterized in that the internal armor is provided in its upper part (22) with a flange (24), with the specified bolts (14) inserted into the holes (32) in the flange (24) and press the flange (24) and, thus, the internal armor (4) against the lower part (10) of the crushing head (3). 19. Cone crusher according to any one of paragraphs.14-18, characterized in that the two bolts (114, 214) are inserted into the holes (132, 232) under the bolts made in the coupling ring (124, 224), which interacts with the upper part (122, 222) of the inner armor (104, 204), and these bolts (114, 214) press the clamping ring (124, 224) and, thus, the inner armor (104, 204) to the bottom of the crushing head (103, 203 ).