EA015216B1 - Steam generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a steam generator made from metal in the form of a evaporating chamber comprising a wall, which is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the water steam point and is adjacent to a heat source, and at least one shaped element which is connected to said heated wall in such a way that together they form at least one cavity.

Description

The invention relates to the supply of steam rooms for various purposes and can be used to generate steam in individual and collective baths, saunas, showers, stationary and mobile, as well as in greenhouses and greenhouses to maintain certain temperature and humidity.

Prior art

In practice, steam formers are widely distributed in the form of a heat-accumulating charge, as a rule, in the form of stones, arranged in such a way that heat comes directly from its source, for example, from a furnace. Pure steam for paired procedures is obtained by watering with hot water heat accumulating charge. So, in the famous Russian baking stove, called the heater, heat accumulating charge - stones - is placed directly on the upper horizontal surface of the firebox.

Known steam generator for baths in patent KI 2087806, in which the heat accumulating charge is located on the lid of the furnace, as well as in special chambers made at the side walls of the furnace. Thanks to this design, you can get a larger amount of steam compared to a conventional heater.

The same heat storage in the form of stones is used in saunas. For example, from EP 0343555 a steam generator for a sauna is known, made in the form of an open basket filled with stones, under which an electric heating means is located, and depending on various sauna operating modes, such as a dry sauna, steam sauna, or a biocouple sauna, the temperature ratio is maintained and humidity.

Steam formers with heat accumulating charge have low efficiency, since a large amount of heat is spent on maintaining the high temperature of the stones.

The steam generator is known according to ΌΕ 4132042, in which water is heated in a special tank, and vaporization occurs on the surface of the water. This method of producing steam also requires a lot of heat.

More intensive vaporization is provided by metal vaporizers. For example, from 8I 10556 a steam generator is known for baths, which is a water evaporation chamber made of metal, having a box-like shape with a bottom slightly inclined in the direction of water inflow, and three parts, of which the upper and lower have a series of longitudinal ribs on the outside heating, and the middle part has a number of transverse ribs forming a zigzag path for the passage of steam. The evaporation of water occurs in the lower part of the chamber, and the passage of steam through a zigzag path formed by transverse ribs inside the chamber.

However, this steam generator has a high metal consumption and is difficult to manufacture, because its ribs are made by casting. In addition, such a steam generator is inconvenient to use, since it is located in the firebox or chimney, and also has a low evaporation efficiency, since evaporation is carried out from the surface of the water.

Known steam generator for baths on request KI 2005134410, made in the form of a metal evaporation chamber containing several consecutive cavities, each of which is formed by a wall associated with a heat source that provides heating of the specified wall to a temperature not lower than the boiling point of water, and installed on the specified the wall of the profiled element, and the cavity sequentially communicated with each other, ensuring the flow of water from the previous cavity to the next. In addition, each of the profiled elements is made in the form of a corner of stainless steel. This steam generator has a low metal consumption and a sufficiently high evaporation efficiency due to the contact of water with almost the entire surface of the evaporation chamber. However, the design of this steam generator is quite complex, since it contains several profiled elements, which, in turn, complicates the installation of a steam generator on the wall associated with a heat source. In addition, since each of these cavities communicates only with adjacent cavities, when tightly joining the profiled elements, the steam enters the room only from the open upper cavity.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to create a steam generator having a simple structure, low price, high evaporation efficiency and easy to use.

This problem is solved in a steam generator, made in the form of a metal evaporation chamber, containing several successive cavities, each of which is formed by a wall associated with a heat source, providing heating of the specified wall to a temperature not lower than the boiling point of water, and a profiled element mounted on the specified wall and the cavities are sequentially communicated with each other, ensuring the flow of water from the previous cavity to the next. According to the invention, the profiled element is made in the form of a metal sheet with successively repeated concave sections forming these cavities, each cavity having openings for steam to escape, and cavities of

- 1 015216 communicatively communicate with each other through channels.

The evaporation chamber is preferably made of stainless steel, which is resistant to aggressive media and has a high heat transfer coefficient.

In addition, mainly the upper cavity of the evaporation chamber is made open to supply water to the chamber

The cavities of the evaporation chamber formed by the wall associated with the heat source and bounded on all sides by the profiled element constitute a closed volume, which leads to an increase in temperature in them, and, consequently, to an increase in the efficiency of vaporization. When performing a sealed connection of the profiled element with the specified wall, superheated steam can be obtained.

As a heat source, there may be an open fire obtained in the furnace of a furnace when burning fuel, for example, firewood, as well as an electric heater of appropriate power, or other known means suitable for this purpose.

Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a steam generator in accordance with the present invention, mounted on the side surface of a furnace stove, front view; in fig. 2 is a section along A-A in FIG. one.

An embodiment of the invention

The steam generator, indicated by the general position 1, is a metal evaporation chamber formed by several horizontally arranged cavities 2, mounted on the outer surface of the wall 3 of the furnace of a bath stove. In the embodiment of the invention shown in the figures, the number of cavities is three, but their number may be different. Wall 3 is also the heated wall of the evaporation chamber. The cavities 2 are formed by the specified wall 3 and a profiled element 4, made in the form of a metal sheet with successively repeated concave sections 5, which form the said cavities 2. Each cavity 2 has openings 6 for providing steam, made, for example, in the profiled element 4. In addition , the cavities are successively communicated with each other through channels 7.

To supply water to the evaporation chamber, the upper cavity 2 is open, forming an inlet 8.

In the lower part of the profiled element in the lowermost cavity 2, holes 9 are made to release non-evaporated water from this cavity.

The profiled element 4 is made of metal sheet by stamping. It is advisable to use stainless steel as a metal for the manufacture of the evaporation chamber, since it is resistant to aggressive media and has a high heat transfer coefficient.

The profiled element 4 is mounted on the wall 3 of the furnace or furnace, for example, by welding. The connection of the profiled element 4 with the wall 3 of the furnace can be made both airtight and untight.

The steam generator works as follows.

The furnace firebox is preheated to at least the boiling point of water, but preferably to higher temperatures, for example, to 300 ° C. This temperature has and associated with a heat source metal wall 3 of the furnace. Since the profiled element is also made of metal and connected to the heated wall 3, for example, by welding, as well as by infrared radiation, its temperature also rises to the specified level. Through the inlet 8 into the open upper cavity 2 water is injected, which mainly falls on the heated wall 2, and partially - on the profiled element 4. Upon contact with the heated surfaces of the wall 3 and the profiled element 4, the water evaporates and the resulting steam passes along the profiled chamber element evaporation, additionally heated at the same time, and enters the room. Excess water that does not evaporate in the upper cavity 2 of the evaporation chamber, through channels 7 in the profiled element 4, enters the second upper cavity 2, in which part of the water also evaporates, and the resulting steam enters the room through the openings 6. Next, the remaining water enters the third in the course of the water cavity 2 chambers, where similar processes occur. If the water does not evaporate completely, it leaves the evaporation chamber through the holes 9 made in the lower part of the profiled element 4. Thus, the vaporization occurs on all surfaces of the evaporation chamber. It should be noted that steam can additionally enter the room through the existing slots, if the evaporation chamber is leaking.

By varying the width of the concave sections 5 and the shape of their cross section, the size, number and shape of the holes in them, the size and number of channels connecting the cavities, as well as the amount of water supplied to the evaporation chamber, various steam parameters can be obtained: from wet to superheated. The most efficient production of superheated steam occurs when all seams of the chamber are sealed. The internal volume of such a vaporization chamber includes several communicating cavities in which a high temperature is maintained, due to which water intensively evaporates, and the steam quickly heats up and enters the room through the openings 6.

Thus, the steam generator in accordance with the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, since the profiled elements can be made of a strain.

- 2,015,216 by laying out of sheet steel without a complicated casting operation, as well as simply, for example, by welding, mounted on the wall of a furnace, or furnace, or another source of heat.

Low material consumption of the steam generator design contributes to its low cost. At the same time, the steam generator is characterized by high evaporation efficiency, since water is in contact with almost the entire surface of the evaporation chamber, all elements of which have a temperature sufficient for intensive evaporation of water. In addition, such a steam generator is convenient in operation, as it provides evaporation of almost all the water supplied to it, and the residue is poured out of its cavities without stagnating.

Furnaces equipped with such a steam generator can be made with or without a place for a thermal storage pool (stones). Furnaces without a heat-accumulating charge have a lower inertia compared to a traditional furnace equipped with a heat-accumulating charge, since no heating of the stones is required. Practically, the thinner the metal of the furnace structure is, the faster the surfaces of the evaporation chamber heat up and the faster steam can be obtained, and the evaporation of water from metal surfaces due to the high thermal conductivity of the metal occurs more intensively. Also significantly reduced the consumption of materials and the weight of the furnace. When making the seams of the chamber sealed steam generator allows you to get superheated steam.

Claims (3)

CLAIM 1. The steam generator (1), made in the form of a metal evaporation chamber containing several consecutive cavities (2), each of which is formed by a wall (3) associated with a heat source, providing heating of the specified wall to a temperature not lower than the boiling point of water, and a profiled element (4) installed on said wall, the cavities being successively communicating with each other, ensuring the flow of water from the previous cavity (2) into the subsequent one, characterized in that the profiled element (4) is made in the form of a metal sheet with successively repeated concave sections (5) forming these cavities (2), with each cavity (2) having openings (6) for steam to escape, and the cavities are successively connected to each other through channels (7 ). 2. The steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporation chamber is made of stainless steel. 3. The steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper cavity (2) of the evaporation chamber is made open to supply water to the chamber.