EA014816B1 - A profile to serve as an element of a structure for the construction of walls - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a profile (1) to serve as an element of a structure for the construction of walls, comprising at least one wall (2) and at least one flange (3). With the goal of constructing the profile (1) of lightweight construction and still meeting the requirements of the static characteristics, it is provided in the invention that, firstly, the wall (2) has at least two supporting stiffening ribs (5, 5') oriented substantially in the long direction of the profile, taking up acted on the profile (1) forces and withdrawing them in the long direction of the profile, and, secondly, a set of connecting stiffening ribs (7), that are each disposed between the supporting stiffening ribs (5, 5') and mechanically connected to at least two supporting stiffening ribs (5, 5') so that to take up torsion forces and transmit them to the associated supporting stiffening ribs (5, 5').

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a profile - a long shaped profiled element used as a frame element for the construction of walls, in particular walls made of plasterboard sheets, having at least one wall and at least one shelf, said at least one shelf additionally having fixing means introduced into interaction with structural elements of the wall, in particular with plasterboard sheathing sheets or other similar elements.

State of the art

Such a profile is, in principle, known from the prior art for the construction of, for example, lightweight double partitions. Such partitions, as a rule, consist of two or more layers of drywall sheets, which are interconnected by an insulating layer located between them, preferably made of mineral fiber or other similar materials. To simplify the construction of such partitions and to ensure the possibility of connecting the corresponding drywall sheets to each other in the simplest possible way, but with stability, a profile is used in the interior of the partition that is used as the actual supporting or power element of the partition, through which most of the applied to septum effort.

Such profiles, as a rule, are vertically oriented support elements that absorb and transmit forces mainly in the direction of their longitudinal axis. Such profiles can be made, in principle, from any building materials with sufficient resistance to loads. Materials primarily used in the construction industry are wood or metal, such as aluminum. The bearing capacity of the profile depends, in particular, on the strength of the selected material, the size and shape of the cross section, the length or height of the profile, as well as the characteristics of the supports at its ends (with or without rotation). Other factors that have a significant impact on the bearing capacity of the profile are geometric defects, for example, inclined sections, warping, twisted sections or other similar flaws.

Traditionally, the so-called C-shaped or ϋ-shaped profiles are used as profiles, i.e. profiles having a wall that perceives transverse forces, and two shelves, which are usually located at right angles to the wall and work on the perception of bending moments. Elements of the wall structure are screwed, riveted, nailed or attached by other means to these shelves, for example plasterboard sheathing sheets or other similar elements.

In this case, ordinary profiles must be designed, in particular with respect to the dimensions of their cross-section, so that the planned loads with sufficient reliability do not lead to disruption of the wall structure, i.e. to its destruction or mowing. In order to guarantee the operability of profiles even in extreme cases, usually during static calculation, reliability factors are applied to the characteristics of the bearing capacity and material parameters of the profiles. However, as a result of this, the profiles used as frame elements for the construction of structures, in particular high partitions, have to be given correspondingly large dimensions in cross section, which significantly increases the total weight of the partition, as well as the cost of such a partition.

Disclosure of invention

The present invention seeks to solve the problem that the profiles used as elements of the frame for the construction of walls, in particular light partitions, have so far been impossible to produce with minimal weight, since the static calculation of the design of such a wall, taking into account the forces, stresses and deformations experienced by it It requires oversizing of the structural elements of the wall, especially its profiles.

Based on this problem, the present invention was based on the technical task of developing a profile used as an element of the frame for building walls and having a low weight in the absence of negative impact on the static characteristics of the structure, in particular, the stiffness and stability of the profile, and in a broader sense, and wall designs. Thus, the invention allows to reduce, on the one hand, material consumption, and on the other hand, the total weight of the wall structure. However, such a profile should still have the performance characteristics determined by static calculation.

This problem is solved in accordance with the invention due to the fact that the profile of the type indicated at the beginning of the description is made with a wall having, firstly, at least two supporting stiffeners oriented essentially in the direction of the length of the profile, receiving and deflecting forces acting on the profile. Secondly, the wall also has a set of connecting stiffeners, each of which is located between the supporting stiffeners and is mechanically connected with at least two supporting stiffeners in such a way as to easily receive the torsional forces acting on the profile and transmit them to the adjacent supporting ribs

- 1 014816 bones.

Thus, the proposed solution is characterized in that the profile used for the construction of ordinary walls is replaced by a specially designed extruded product, which, thanks to its design features, transfers all the forces or loads acting on the profile directly to the supporting stiffeners passing in the longitudinal direction of the profile, into as a result, the characteristics of this component remain the same, although the wall has a smaller thickness. In particular, the invention provides that the wall of the profile has at least two supporting stiffeners oriented in the direction of the length of the profile and designed to transmit forces, as a result of which, in the direction of the length of the profile, almost all forces are received and removed by the supporting stiffeners. In other words, this means that in the proposed solution, the longitudinal stability of the profile is determined essentially by the size and number of supporting stiffeners extending in the direction of the length of the profile. Since, unlike the usual profile, the transfer of forces by the entire wall no longer occurs, in the proposed solution it is no longer necessary to give the corresponding dimensions to the entire wall, which ensures material savings. In addition, the presence of supporting stiffeners extending in the direction of the length of the profile allows you to pre-determine the flow path of the forces discharged by the profile.

In order to give the light profile according to the invention, despite the material saving, the necessary lateral stiffness, the profile wall also has a set of connecting stiffeners, each of which is located between the supporting stiffeners and mechanically connected with at least two supporting stiffeners in this way to absorb torsional forces and transfer them directly to adjacent supporting stiffeners. Accordingly, the proposed solution allows you to achieve directional transfer of effort, i.e. removal of forces by means of a profile, which, despite its lightweight construction, is optimally coordinated with its application.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.

Thus, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the connecting stiffeners, the invention provides that at least some of the several connecting stiffeners extend at an acute angle to the supporting stiffeners. In the context of the invention, the term acute angle should be understood as any angle in the range from 0 ° to (inclusive) 90 °. It is important that in this preferred embodiment of the profile of the invention, such an angle with the supporting stiffeners forms at least part of the connecting stiffeners. Such a structural scheme provides optimal transmission of forces, as is known, for example, from the technology of lattice structures with mechanical connections. Preferably, the angle between the connecting and supporting ribs is approximately 45 °. In this case, the profile has optimal lateral stability.

In order to obtain a profile whose static characteristics are constant over its entire length, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting stiffeners are arranged uniformly and orderly along the length of the profile. In particular, this preferred embodiment of the invention allows to shorten the profile depending on the requirements of a particular application, regardless of the layout in the wall of the connecting stiffeners. Another advantage of the ordered arrangement of the connecting stiffening ribs is that such a profile always ensures the transmission of forces, regardless of direction.

In another preferred embodiment of the profile solutions proposed in the invention discussed above, the set of connecting stiffeners is located symmetrically with respect to the supporting stiffeners. The result achieved in this case is that torsional forces can be uniformly perceived by the profile and can be diverted by supporting stiffeners.

In order to enable particularly economical production of the profile according to the invention, both connecting and supporting stiffeners are provided for rolling in the profile wall.

Profile rolling is a continuous bending method in which a sheet metal profile material is shaped by phasing through several paired rollers until the desired final cross section is achieved. This technology is especially cost-effective in the production of profiles of long lengths or in large quantities. At the same time, of course, it is possible to use other production technologies.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the proposed solution, the support stiffeners include one central support stiffener, which is located in the middle of the wall and, being in the cross section of the wall, forms the longitudinal axis of the profile. The presence of such a central support stiffener allows for the optimal transfer of forces as much as possible.

In addition, the supporting stiffeners and connecting stiffeners can have essentially the same width, which generally simplifies the circuit, i.e. design, profile. However, also

- 2 014816 a variant is possible in which the supporting stiffeners, for example, taken together, have a greater width than the connecting stiffeners. An option is also possible in which the individual support stiffeners are made of different widths.

In order for the profile of the invention to be suitable for constructing walls with concave or convex curvature, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shelf may include several sections adjacent to each other, each of which is mechanically connected to the wall. As a result, the profile acquires a flexible structure and, in particular, can be bent by hand and take the given shape in a simple and accurate way.

As for the structural means of sound absorption, it is also possible that the wall has at least one groove, preferably U-shaped, which is oriented in the length direction and, with appropriate structural design, serves as an absorbing means. As profiles, the so-called C-shaped or I-shaped profiles, I-profiles, Ζ-shaped profiles or profiles of other similar sections can be used.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The following is a description of a preferred embodiment of the profile of the invention, accompanied by drawings in which FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the profile of the invention;

in FIG. 2a is a sectional view taken along line ΙΙΑ-ΙΙΑ in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 2b is a sectional view taken along line ΙΙΒ-ΙΙΒ in FIG. one.

The implementation of the invention

In FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the profile 1 of the invention. Although the profile in the illustrated embodiment is C-shaped or I-shaped, the possibilities for carrying out the invention are not limited to such a basic cross-sectional shape of the profile.

It is essential for profile 1 that it consists of wall 2 and at least one shelf 3. In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1, since in this case it is a C-shaped profile, a total of two shelves 3 are provided, each of which essentially perpendicularly protrudes from the wall 2. The shelves 3 also have fastening means 4, for example mounting holes that can be inserted in interaction (pairing) with the structural elements of the wall, in FIG. 1 not shown, in particular with plasterboard sheets or other similar elements.

As shown in the drawing, a total of three support stiffeners are provided in the wall 2, oriented essentially in the direction of the length of the profile, perceiving the forces acting on the profile 1 and diverting them in the direction of the length of the profile. In particular, in the outer regions 2 'of the wall 2 there are two support stiffeners 5 of a somewhat larger width, while the support stiffener 5' located in the middle of the wall 2, i.e., the central support stiffener, has a correspondingly smaller width. The dimensions of each of the supporting ribs 5, 5 'depend, in particular, on the purpose of the profile 1. However, the possibilities of implementing the present invention are not limited to the particular embodiment shown in FIG. one.

All supporting ribs 5, 5 'of rigidity are connected to each other by connecting ribs 7 of stiffness, located at an angle, i.e. obliquely. The drawing shows that the connecting ribs 7 stiffness are located along the length of the profile uniformly and orderly and, in particular, are symmetrical relative to the supporting ribs 5, 5 'stiffness. These connecting stiffening ribs 7 serve to transfer the transverse forces acting on the profile 1 to the adjacent supporting stiffening ribs 5, 5 '.

As indicated above, the profile 1 according to the invention is preferably produced by rolling on a roll bending machine. Accordingly, as can be seen in the drawing, in such a case, the supporting stiffening ribs 5, the central supporting stiffening ribs 5 'and the connecting stiffening ribs 7 are all in the common plane, while the triangular section covered by the central supporting stiffening ribs 5' and adjacent to it connecting stiffening ribs 7, is in a different plane. At the same time, other manufacturing technologies can be used to produce the profile and form stiffeners.

As follows from the above, given that the profile 1 is made by rolling on a roll bending machine, the triangles visible in the drawing located between the connecting stiffening rib 7, the supporting stiffening rib 5 and the central supporting stiffening rib 5 'are not removed from the wall 2. In fact , as can be seen in the drawings, these triangular sections are actually offset from the surface of the wall 2 in the direction of the shelves 3. In addition, the direction of displacement of these wall sections with the formation of depressions can be not only the same as shown in the drawings, such an offset can also be carried out in the other direction, i.e. from the plane of the wall 2 in the opposite direction to the shelves 3. This structure can be considered as an embossed pattern or pattern. Preferably, in particular, the depth of the depressions is from 0.5 to 1.2 times the thickness of the material used for the manufacture of profile 1, more preferably about the order of the thickness of the material

- 3 014816 rial used for the manufacture of the profile. In another embodiment, the depth of the depressions or the distance between the two planes is from 0.5 to 1.2 thicknesses of the supporting stiffening ribs 5 and / or the central supporting stiffening ribs 5 'and / or the connecting stiffening ribs 7. In fact, the plane in which the stiffening support rib 5, the central stiffening support ribs 5 ′ and the connecting stiffening ribs 7 lie is approximately a thickness of the material above the plane in which the triangular depressions lie.

The execution of the profile 1 with a supporting stiffening rib 5, a central supporting stiffening rib 5 ′ and a connecting stiffening rib 7 formed by displacing or extruding the material of the wall 2 rather than removing sections of the profile 1 gives particular advantages. As indicated above, the formation of stiffeners leads to an increase in the strength (stiffness) of profile 1 as a whole, in particular due to the transfer of loads, or mechanical stresses, through predetermined channels. Extruding or displacing the material to form these stiffeners 5, 5 ′ and 7, as opposed to removing the material, further improves the overall strength of profile 1. Obviously, the wall material located between the stiffeners 5, 5 ′ and 7 contributes to the overall strength profile 1, in particular in relation to certain loads, which are not necessarily directionally transmitted along the length of each of the ribs 5, 5 'and 7 stiffness.

In operation, in particular, when profile 1 is installed in place with wall construction elements fixed on it, profile 1 experiences torsional deformations or torsional moments acting around the longitudinal axis of profile 1. In other words, twisting occurs if one end of profile 1 shown in the drawings, in particular in FIG. 1, turn clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the other end held in the same position. Due to the fact that the intermediate sections are kept extruded, without actually removing material between the ribs 5, 5 'and 7 of the stiffness, an increase in the strength of profile 1 is achieved, which counteracts such a twisting moment and torsional deformation. This is especially advantageous if wall construction elements are attached to the shelf 3 of profile 1.

Additional loads are applied to the profile 1 during fastening of the wall components to it, and these loads act specifically on the wall 2. In particular, during the installation on the shelves 3 of the wall sheathing elements or other structural elements of the wall of the wall, the shelves 3 can bend inward or out. Thus, in the process of applying the profile 1, the lower edges of the shelves 3, which are not fixed on the wall 2, can deviate in the direction of each other. Due to the preservation of the intermediate triangular sections between the ribs 5, 5 'and 7 of the stiffness in the form as shown in the drawings, the wall 2 receives a significantly higher strength, which can withstand this deformation of the shelves 3. In particular, the wall 2 will respond to this more elastic deformation, contributing to the absorption of short-term loads applied when attaching to the profile of the wall structure elements, and not to bend to obtain permanent deformations. Again, extrusion of the intermediate sections leads to an increase in the strength of profile 1.

Finally, by preserving the intermediate triangular sections between the ribs 5, 5 'and 7, the compressive strength of the wall 2 increases in the direction connecting the two shelves 3. If the intermediate triangular sections of the wall between the ribs 5, 5' and 7 were removed, the application of force along the plane of the wall 2 in the direction between the shelves 3 or approximately in this direction could lead to deformation of the ribs 5, 5 'and 7 stiffness, in particular connecting ribs 7 stiffness. By preserving these extruded sections, the compressive strength is increased since the stiffening ribs 5, 5 ′ and 7, in particular the stiffening ribs 7, will be much less prone to deformation by compressive force.

With a significant increase in the strength of profile 1 as a result of the use of extruded sections instead of removing such sections for the production of profile 1, thinner material can be used. The requirements for the profile 1 for the strength necessary for it are easily fulfilled when using thinner material due to the structuring of this material with the formation of a support stiffener 5, a central support stiffener 5 'and connecting stiffeners 7, as well as the extruded sections of the wall 2 remaining between them. This obviously reduces the total cost of the profile 1. An additional cost reduction is achieved due to the fact that the ribs 5, 5 'and 7 of the stiffness are formed during processing by pressure during rolling, Contrary to the use of additional operations to remove parts of the material to produce structures of edges 5, 5 'and 7 rigidity.

The drawings show a particularly advantageous structuring scheme with the formation of a pattern of extruded triangular sections. This pattern is obtained using rectangular isosceles triangles. Such right-angled isosceles triangles are located on both sides of the central support rib 5 'and alternately change their orientation, alternating in the longitudinal direction of the profile. As shown in the drawings, two rectangular isosceles triangles are located opposite to each other on both sides of the central stiffening support rib 5 ′, the triangles in one pair facing each other with their hypotenuses, and in the next nearest pair with their right angles. This pattern repeats along the entire length of profile 1 s

- 4 014816 lowering the structure of the ribs 5, 5 'and 7 stiffness according to the type of mechanical bonds. It is also seen that the longitudinally adjacent pairs of rectangular isosceles triangles are arranged in such a way that the end of the hypotenuse of any triangle of one pair is in the same position along the longitudinal axis as the beginning of the hypotenuse of the triangle in the adjacent pair. The result is a structure resembling a squashed hexagon divided into segments. Obviously, such an ordered design ensures the alignment of any efforts along the ribs 5, 5 'and 7 of the stiffness, as well as the uniformity of the strength characteristics of the entire profile 1.

The preferred thickness of the material used for the manufacture of profile 1 is in the range from 0.3 to 0.8 mm, preferably from 0.4 to 0.6 mm. The offset plane of the depressions relative to the plane of the supporting ribs 5, 5 'stiffness and connecting ribs 7 stiffness, i.e. the distance between these planes may be from 0.2 to 0.96 mm, preferably about 0.3-0.4 mm. The material connecting the main plane of the supporting stiffening ribs 5, 5 'and the connecting stiffening ribs 7 and the second plane of the depressions has the shape of a connecting inclined section 9 extending in length from 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably about 1 mm.

As indicated above, the possibilities for implementing the solution of the invention are not limited to the particularly preferred profile shown in FIG. 1. For example, it is quite possible that the profile 1 has more than three supporting ribs 5, 5 'of rigidity. It is also possible that the support ribs 5 provided at the edges 2 ′ of the wall 2 are made narrower than the central support rib 5 ′. If sound absorption is not required, you can also do without the U-shaped groove 6 in one or more supporting ribs 5, 5 'stiffness. Of course, it is also possible that at least some of the connecting stiffening ribs 7 are located at angles to the supporting stiffening ribs 5, 5 ', different from an angle of about 45 °, for example 90 °.

Claims (13)

CLAIM 1. The profile (1) used as an element of the frame for the construction of walls, in particular walls of plasterboard sheets, having at least one wall (2) and at least one shelf (3), said at least one shelf ( 3) is equipped with fastening means (4), which are introduced into interaction with structural elements of the wall, in particular drywall sheets or other similar elements, characterized in that the wall (2) has at least two supporting ribs (5, 5 ') of rigidity, oriented essentially in the direction of the length of the profile perceiving the forces acting on the profile (1) and diverting them in the direction of the profile length, and a set of connecting stiffening ribs (7), each of which is located between the supporting stiffeners (5, 5 ') and is mechanically connected with at least two supporting ribs (5, 5 ') stiffness in such a way as to perceive twisting forces and transfer them to the adjacent supporting stiffeners (5, 5') stiffness, and the supporting stiffeners (5, 5 ') stiffness and connecting ribs (7) stiffness formed by the wall material ( 2) and are in the same plane, and the material tenki (2), located between the supporting ribs (5, 5 ') of the stiffness and the connecting ribs (7) of the stiffness, is deformed with offset to another plane, and the deformation of the wall material (2) between the supporting ribs (5, 5') of the stiffness and connecting ribs (7) of rigidity are formed depressions (8) in the form of triangles. 2. The profile (1) according to claim 1, in which at least some of the connecting ribs (7) of rigidity form an acute angle with an adjacent supporting ribs (5, 5 ') of stiffness, in particular an angle of about 45 °. 3. The profile (1) according to claim 1 or 2, in which the connecting ribs (7) stiffness are located along the length of the profile evenly and orderly. 4. The profile (1) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the connecting stiffening ribs (7) are symmetrically relative to the supporting ribs (5, 5 ') of stiffness. 5. The profile (1) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the connecting ribs (7) of rigidity and the supporting ribs (5, 5 ') of rigidity are obtained by rolling the profile on a roll bending machine. 6. The profile (1) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the set of support stiffeners (5, 5 ′) includes a central support stiffener (5 ′) located in the middle of the wall (2) in the center of its surface. 7. The profile (1) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the supporting ribs (5, 5 ') of the stiffness and the connecting ribs (7) of stiffness are made of essentially the same width. 8. Profile (1) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, which is made C-shaped, I-shaped, I-shaped or Ζ-shaped. 9. Profile (1) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the shelf (3) includes several sections adjacent to each other, each of which is mechanically connected to the wall (2). 10. The profile (1) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the plane of the material located between the support ribs (5, 5 ') of the stiffness and the connecting ribs of stiffness (7) is offset below the wall (2) and thus in the direction indicated by at least one shelf (3) of profile (1). - 5 014816 11. The profile (1) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in particular according to claim 10, in which the offset of one plane relative to another is from 0.5 to 1.2, preferably about 1.0, the thickness of the material used to produce the profile ( one). 12. Profile (1) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the triangles are made in the form of rectangular isosceles triangles. 13. Profile (1) according to claim 12, in which the right-angled isosceles triangles are arranged in pairs oriented across the central support rib (5 ') of rigidity, moreover, in one pair the triangles face each other with their hypotenuses, and in the next nearest pair with their right angles .