EA013994B1

EA013994B1 - Protein-vitamin mineral additive for pigs and a method for fattening thereof

Info

Publication number: EA013994B1
Application number: EA200700373A
Authority: EA
Inventors: Вячеслав Константинович Нарута; Илларион Илларионович Белодед; Михаил Викторович Комар; Светлана Александровна Апанович
Original assignee: Открытое Акционерное Общество "Слонимский Мясокомбинат"
Priority date: 2006-12-21
Filing date: 2006-12-21
Publication date: 2010-08-30
Also published as: EA200700373A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to protein-vitamin-mineral supplement for hogs on the basis of the different components of animal origin, different components of vegetable origin, functional additive, comprising at least one supplement chosen from the group including vitamins, mineral and vitamin-mineral supplements, amino acids, microelements, enzyme preparations, mycotoxin adsorbents, antioxidants, antimicrobials or probiotics, mold inhibitors and flavouring agents, and salts, which are at least partially co-processed to obtain a dry product, the said components being contained in the following ratio, in mas.%:each component of vegetable origin and at least one component of animal origin being contained in the extruded form, all the components being co-extruded, and the solids content in the finished extruded supplement amounting to 89.0-90.0 %. The invention further relates to a method of hog fattening, comprising inclusion of 10 to 40% of the described above extruded protein-vitamin-mineral food supplement into the feed mix.2

Description

The invention relates to animal feed and can be used as part of the feed for pigs - protein-vitamin-mineral supplements, containing all the necessary vitamins, as well as mineral and other necessary functional additives.

The invention also relates to a method for fattening pigs, in which a protein-vitamin-mineral additive of the proposed composition is introduced in an amount of up to 45% of the total amount of the feed mixture into the feed mixture prepared in accordance with the diet of pigs.

Pigs have a high activity of physiological processes and quite well assimilate food of both plant and animal origin. However, due to the insufficient level of synthesis of microbial protein and B vitamins in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs, the intake of essential amino acids and vitamins in the body should be provided by feed. Thus, the pig diet should contain appropriate amounts of essential amino acids, vitamins and other essential nutrients, as well as, preferably, a number of additional functional additives, in particular mineral and vitamin-mineral supplements, trace elements, enzyme preparations, mycotoxins adsorbents, antioxidants, antibacterial drugs or probiotics, mold inhibitors. Professionals know a fairly wide range of individual functional supplements that, individually or in combination with others, can be used to introduce pigs into the diet or that are specially designed for pigs.

Thus, in the development of compounding supplements, it should be borne in mind that the efficiency of animal husbandry, in particular pig breeding, depends to a large extent on a full-fledged nutritionally balanced nutrition. To ensure the introduction into the diet of farm animals, in particular pigs, balanced amounts of vitamins, amino acids and mineral supplements, various protein-vitamin and protein-vitamin-mineral supplements containing animal and vegetable components, vitamins, macro- and microelements, and other biologically active substances [1, 2, 3, 4]. Known additives contain various components of animal and vegetable origin, various functional additives (premixes), but at the same time require the addition of individual premixes of different functional directions to the pigs ration. In addition, raw materials of animal origin for the possibility of introducing into the composition of such additives should be subjected to long-term special treatment. This greatly complicates the production of components of animal origin and provides the possibility of introducing into the composition of the additive only ready-made components of plant origin purchased from the manufacturer, for example, in the form of flour.

One of the closest to the claimed set of essential features is a purified granulated food containing fish meal, bone meal, flour from crustacean shells and mollusk shells, as well as lard as components of animal origin, corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran, flour sorghum and rice straw as components of plant origin, table salt, brewing beer sludge, yeast waste and the antibiotic terramycin [5]. A ready-to-use additive is obtained by drying, grinding and sifting the components (with the exception of tarramycin), followed by mixing, granulating, drying and irrigating with terramycin. For this feed all the above disadvantages remain valid.

The objective of the invention is to develop formulations and obtaining ready-to-use protein-vitamin-mineral supplement for pigs, balanced in its composition, as well as the method of fattening pigs with the use of additives. The additive should include all the components and functional components necessary for feeding pigs that ensure high feeding efficiency when the additive is introduced in a given quantity into the feed mixture according to the diet. The additive should maintain high efficacy and nutritional safety with the introduction of a wide range of animal and plant components, including those that have not been pretreated (this primarily concerns meat waste, animal corpses, etc.), as well as well digested in the body of a pig.

The problem is solved by the claimed protein-vitamin-mineral supplement for pigs based on components of animal origin, components of plant origin, functional additives and salt, subjected, at least partially joint, processing to obtain a dry product. The problem is solved due to the fact that components of animal origin are selected from the group that includes meat waste, including meat processing waste and low-value by-products, meat flour, semi-finished bone, bone meal and blood meal, animal fat, vegetable components selected from the group including triticale, wheat, rye, barley, oats, lupins, soybeans, barley, wheat bran, rye bran, wheat flour, fodder flour, potato starch, sunflower meal, sunflower cake, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, cake soy and vegetables, functional supplement contains at least one additive selected from the group including vitamins, mineral and vitamin-mineral supplements, amino acids, trace elements, enzyme preparations, mycotoxin adsorbents, antioxidants, antibacterial preparations or probiotics, mold inhibitors and flavoring additives, and at the same time

- 1 013994 you are contained in the following ratio, wt.%:

components of animal origin 14.0-28.0 components of plant origin 60.0-75.0 functional additives 10.0-25.0 salt 0.5-2.0, each component of plant origin and at least one component of an animal origin contained in extruded form, with all the components subjected to co-extrusion, and the dry matter content in the finished extruded additive is 89.0-90.0%.

The authors managed to find the ratio of the content of the main components in the protein-vitamin-mineral supplement, in which, based on a wide range of components of animal and vegetable origin, with the introduction of the necessary functional additives and compliance with other conditions mentioned above, you can get a product containing proteins, fats, carbohydrates and energy value within given limits. In addition, with the introduction of the above functional additives, the additive as a whole acquires a number of additional valuable properties and eliminates the need to separately add additional functional premixes to the composition of the feed mixture. Due to the processing by extrusion separately of a number of components of animal origin and components of plant origin, followed by extrusion processing of all components and additives in the mixture, the nutritional value of the original components is maintained while they are simultaneously decontaminated. At the same time, within the framework of one production, the finished product can be obtained from raw materials, including animal origin that has not been processed. Given the dry matter content in the finished product, a sufficiently long shelf life is ensured.

As well as components of animal and vegetable origin, functional additives can be selected from a fairly wide range of existing or developed functional additives.

So, preferred for the proposed protein-vitamin-mineral supplements are those forms of its implementation, in which the vitamins are selected from the group including vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B4, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin E, vitamin D2 and vitamin D3;

mineral supplements selected from the group including chalk, monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate;

vitamin and mineral supplements are selected from the group including additives KS-4 and KS-4a;

amino acids are selected from the group consisting of lysine, L-lysine 98, methionine, cystine, tryptophan, and threonine;

trace elements are selected from the group comprising iron, copper, zinc, magnesium, cobalt, iodine, selenium, manganese, sulfur;

enzyme preparations selected from the group comprising PORZIM 9100, PORZIM 9300, KEMZAIM number;

mycotoxin adsorbent is mycosorb;

the antioxidant is Endox;

antibacterial drugs or probiotics are selected from the group comprising SAL CARB, Biomos;

the mold inhibitor is MIKO CARB.

However, it is possible to use other additives and premixes of a similar functional nature known to specialists.

Practice has shown that one of the most preferable in the framework of the proposed protein-vitamin-mineral supplement for pigs is an additive that contains extruded meat waste and / or extruded meat meal and blood meal as components of animal origin, extruded sunflower seed and extruded soybean meal, and the functional additive includes chalk, monocalcium phosphate and / or tricalcium phosphate, lysine and / or b lysine 98, KS-4, MYCOSORB and PORZIM 9100 and / or PORZIM 9300, with the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Extruded meat meal and / or extruded meat waste 14.0-15.0

Blood flour 4,0-6,0

- 2 013994

Extruded sunflower meal 31.0-32.5 Extruded soybean meal 31.0-32.5 a piece of chalk 0.5-1.5

Monocalcium phosphate and / or

tricalcium phosphate 7.0-9.0 KS-4 4.0-6.0 Mycosorb 0.3-0.7 "PORZIM 9100" and / or "PORZIM 9300" 0.3-0.7 Lysine and / or b-lysine 98 0.4-0.8

Salt

1.0-2.0.

Also preferred is an additive that contains extruded meat waste and / or extruded meat meal and blood meal as components of animal origin, extruded triticale, extruded sunflower meal and extruded meal MIKO KARE and KEMZEIM ^, as components of plant origin, in the following ratio of components , wt.%:

Extruded meat meal and / or extruded meat waste 12.0-13.0 Blood flour 3.0-5.0 Extruded triticale 37.5-39.0 Extruded sunflower meal 15.0-17.0 Extruded meal Soy Chalk 15.5-17.5 4.0-5.0 Monocalcium phosphate 2.0-3.5 KS-4a 3.0-3.6 "MIKO KARE" 0.2-0.6 "KEMZEIM Ψ" 0.2-0.6 B lysine 98 0.2-0.6 Salt 1.0-2.0.

Another of the most preferred is an additive that contains extruded meat waste and / or extruded meat meal, blood meal, animal fat and semi-finished animal bone as components of animal origin, contains extruded triticale and extruded sunflower meal as components of vegetable origin, and the functional additive contains chalk, L-lysine 98, KS-4a, SAL KARE and KEMZAIM ^, in the following ratio, wt.%:

- 3 013994

Extruded meat meal and / or

extruded meat waste

Blood flour

Animal fat

Prefabricated bone

Extruded “SAL KARE” triticale “KEMZAIM V”

Lysine and / or b-lysine 98

Salt

The subject of the present invention is also a method of fattening pigs, including the preparation and feeding of the feed mixture in accordance with the diet, in which from 10 to 40% of the extruded protein-vitamin-mineral food additive described above is injected into the feed mixture in any of the possible forms of realization.

The advantages and advantages of the proposed protein-vitamin-mineral supplement for pigs, as well as the proposed method of fattening pigs with the introduction of the proposed additive into the feed mixture will be illustrated below in a number of examples.

Examples

Example 1. Addition BVMD-1-26

The additive was obtained in accordance with the technological instruction by co-extrusion of the prescription components, taken in an amount of 100 kg. As a prescription component, 14.5 kg of extruded meat waste, 6.0 kg of blood meal, 32.0 kg of extruded sunflower meal, 32.0 kg of extruded soybean meal, 0.7 kg of chalk, 7.5 kg of monocalcium phosphate were loaded into the extruder. , 5.0 kg KS-4, 0.4 kg MYKOSORB, 0.4 kg PORZYM 9100, 0.5 kg lysine and 1.0 kg sodium chloride.

Received ready extruded additive with a solids content of 89.7% and quality indicators given in table. one.

- 4 013994

Table 1

Quality indicators Unit measuring Content Protein % 30.61 Exchange energy MJ / kg 12.77 Fat % 7.98 Cellulose % 3.02 Sodium chlorine % 2.07 Calcium % 3.63 Common phosphorus % 2.05 Lysine % 1.29 Methion + Cystine % 0.12 Tryptophan % 0.13 Vitamin A IU / kg 37500.00 Vitamin D2 IU / kg 10,000.00 Vitamin E mg / kg 50.00 Vitamin B1 mg / kg 5.00 Vitamin B2 mg / kg 20.00 Vitamin VZ mg / kg 50.00 Vitamin b4 mg / kg 1.50 Vitamin B5 mg / kg 75.00 Vitamin B12 mg / kg 0.22 Iron mg / kg 300.00 Manganese mg / kg 175.00 Copper mg / kg 100.00 Zinc mg / kg 375.00 Cobalt mg / kg 1.00

Example 2. Addition BVMD-26

The additive was obtained in accordance with the technological instruction by co-extrusion of the prescription components, taken in an amount of 100 kg. As a prescription component, 14.5 kg of extruded meat meal, 5.0 kg of blood meal, 4.5 kg of animal fat, 2.0 kg of semi-finished bone material, 47.4 kg of extruded triticale, 18.4 kg of extruded sunflower meal were loaded into the extruder. , 2.5 kg of chalk, 3.2 kg of KS-4a, 0.3 kg of SAL CARB, 0.2 kg of KEMZAIMA, 0.5 kg of L-lysine 98 and 1.5 kg of table salt.

Received ready extruded additive with a solids content of 89.1% and quality indicators given in table. 2

- 5 013994

table 2

Quality indicators Unit measuring Content Protein % 17.92 Exchange energy Meat / kg 13.52 Fat % 4.00 Cellulose % 5.00 Sodium % 0.39 Calcium % 1.81 Common phosphorus % 0.84 Lysine % 1.54 Methion + Cystine % 0.49 Threonine % 0.60 Tryptophan % 0.19 Vitamin A IU / kg 26999.79 Vitamin DZ IU / kg 5399.96 Vitamin E mg / kg 135.0 Vitamin B1 mg / kg 4.05 Vitamin b 2 mg / kg 13.50 Vitamin b4 g / kg 1.39 Vitamin B5 mg / kg 1.56 Vitamin B6 mg / kg 5.40 Vitamin B12 mg / kg 67.50 Iron mg / kg 264.60 Manganese mg / kg 132.30 Copper mg / kg 66.15 Zinc mg / kg 264.60 Cobalt mg / kg 1.63

Example 3. Tests for the digestibility of organic matter and amino acid supplements of example 1

Tests for digestibility must be carried out due to the fact that the prescription components of the inventive additive during its manufacturing process are subjected to moisture-heat treatment at high temperatures and pressures, as a result of which difficultly hydrolysable bonds of sugars can be formed from grains of cereals and amino acids, in particular, lysine, which can lead to almost complete inaccessibility of the latter for biochemical processes of protein synthesis in the body of a pig.

To test the additive of example 1, the experiment was carried out according to A.I. Ovsyannikov (1976) according to the experimental design given in Table. 3

Table 3

Period of experience (duration of the period of experience) Number of heads Feeding features Preview (4 days) four Additive according to Example 1 Accounting (7days) four Additive according to Example 1

This method is used to study the effect of different composition of diets or other feeding factors on digestibility and metabolism in pigs aged from 3 to 7-8 months. In the studies, four borovka of Belarusian meat live weight 75-77 kg were used. Animals were housed in individual specially equipped cages.

The experience included two periods:

preliminary (4 days) - for habituation of pigs to the consumption of this type of feed and determination of the palatability of the studied feed;

discount (7 days).

In the reference period, individually for each animal, the amount of food eaten and its residues, water consumed and water consumed for the preparation of wet mash was recorded. During the day (until 6–8 am in the morning of the next day), carefully collected feces and urine were weighed from each animal and medium samples were collected, which were preserved with 10% hydrochloric acid solution. Selected average sample secretions were stored in a refrigerator at a temperature of 2-3 ° C. At the end of the accounting period, moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, calcium, phosphorus and an amino acid amino acid analyzer (lysine, methionine, leucine, valine, histidine, isoleucine, tryptophan and phenylalanine) were determined according to relevant regulatory documents (GOSTs).

Based on the data taken into account the feed intake, animal residues and animal excretion, as well as chemical

- 6 013994 analyzes were used to calculate the digestibility factors of nutrients and amino acids (Table.

four). Digital material was processed by the method of biometric statistics for Rakitsky PF.

Table 4

Name of the indicator The actual value of the indicator,% Dry matter 81.06 ± 0Д8 Organic matter 94.77 ± 0ДЗ Protein 83.28 ± 0.61 Cellulose 31.39 ± 4.57 Fat 75.25 ± 0, b7 Nitrogen-free extractives (BEV) 95.67 ± 0Д8 Lysine 89.60 ± 0.04 Histidine 70.96 ± 13.39 Valin 87.01 ± 1.77 Methionine 96.924 ^ 0.79 Isoleucine 83.81 ± 1.21 Leucine 61.70 ± 0.69 Phenylalanine 83.52 ± 1.03 Tryptophan 80.72 ± 1Д0

The results showed a fairly high digestibility of organic matter, BEV. The protein digestibility can also be considered satisfactory, given the extrusion processing of the prescription components.

Calculations also showed that the energy value of 1 kg of the additive is 12.48 MJ of exchangeable energy or 1.14 feed units.

Example 4. The method of fattening pigs.

Within two months, two groups of pigs in each group of 500 heads of pigs with approximately the same weight (42 kg) at the beginning of fattening were fattened at the pig farm.

All pigs were kept in cages of 20 heads.

Pigs in the first group received feed based on a grain mixture (wheat, barley, triticale with a weight ratio of 1: 1.5: 1) with the introduction of 20% by weight of the additive of example 1 in an amount of 40 tons per month per group.

Pigs in the second group received similar feed with the introduction of 4 wt.% Vitamin-mineral supplement manufactured by Kins (for vitamin-mineral balance) and 10 wt.% Lupine (for protein balance) in similar amounts.

After the control weighings made after one and two months, it was found that the average daily weight gain for the first group was 691 g / day by the end of the first month (taking into account the animals' addiction to the new diet) and 856 g / day by the end of the second month, and for the second group, on average, 581 g / day.

According to the results of the experiment, it was found that the use of the inventive additive would significantly (at least 18-19 days) reduce the time required for fattening animals and increase the turnover of the scotome.

Literature

1. Protein-vitamin supplements, M .: Kolos, 1977, p. 396;

2. Petrukhin I.V. Feed and feed additives. Directory. M .: Rosagropromizdat, 1989, p. 481-489.

3. Feed, feed additives and milk replacer for animals. Directory. M .: Agropromizdat, 1990, p. 49-56, 158-165, 194-196.

4. Patent VI No. 2096968 C1, publ. 11/27/1997.

5. Patent СN № 1050975, publ. 05/01/1991.

Claims

1. Protein-vitamin-mineral feed additive for pigs based on components of animal origin, components of plant origin, additional functional components and table salt, subjected to joint processing to obtain a dry product in which the components of animal origin are selected from the group consisting of meat waste, in including meat processing waste and low-value offal, meat meal, bone meal, bone meal and blood meal, animal fat, plant-derived components The varieties are selected from the group consisting of triticale, wheat, rye, barley, oats, lupine, soybeans, barley, wheat bran, rye bran, wheat flour, fodder flour, potato starch, sunflower meal, sunflower cake, rapeseed meal, meal meal soybean cake and vegetables, additional functional components selected from the group of vitamins, mineral and vitamin-mineral components, amino acids, trace elements, enzyme preparations, adsorbents miko

- 7 013994 toxins, antioxidants, antibacterial drugs or probiotics, mold inhibitors and flavoring components, and the components are contained in the following ratio, wt.%:

components of animal origin 14.0-28.0 components of plant origin 60.0-75.0 additional functional components 10.0-25.0 sodium chloride 0.5-2.0, with each component of plant origin and at least one component of animal origin is subjected to preliminary extrusion and the dry matter content in the finished extruded additive is 89.0-90.0%.

2. The supplement according to claim 1, characterized in that the vitamins are selected from the group comprising vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B4, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin E, vitamin Ό2 and vitamin Ό3 .

3. The additive according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the mineral components are selected from the group comprising chalk, monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate.

4. The supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vitamin-mineral supplement is KS-4.

5. Additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the amino acids are selected from the group comprising lysine, L-lysine 98, methionine, cystine, tryptophan and threonine.

6. The additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the trace elements are selected from the group comprising iron, copper, zinc, magnesium, cobalt, iodine, selenium, manganese, sulfur.

7. Additive according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the enzyme preparation is selected from the group consisting of PORZIM 9100, PORZIM 9300, KEMZIM Zh.

8. The additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the mycotoxin adsorbent is MIKOSORB.

9. The additive according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the antioxidant is Endox.

10. Additive according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the antibacterial drug or probiotic is selected from the group including SAL CARB, BIO-MOS.

11. The additive according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the mold inhibitor is MIKO CARB.

12. Additive according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it contains meat waste and / or meat meal and blood meal as components of animal origin, contains sunflower meal and soybean meal as components of vegetable origin, and as additional functional of the components contains chalk, monocalcium phosphate and / or tricalcium phosphate, lysine and / or L lysine 98, KS-4, MIKOSORB and PORZIM 9100 and / or PORZIM 9300, in the following ratio, wt.%:

Meat waste and / or meat flour 14.0-15.0 Blood meal 4.0-6.0 Sunflower meal 31.0-32.5 Soybean meal 31.0-32.5 a piece of chalk 0.5-1.5 Monocalcium phosphate and / or tricalcium phosphate 7.0-9.0 KS-4 4.0-6.0 MIKOSORB 0.3-0.7 PORZIM 9100 and / or PORZIM 9300 0.3-0.7 Lysine and / or L-lysine 98 0.4-0.8 Common salt 1.0-2.0

while meat wastes and / or meat meal, sunflower meal and soybean meal are subjected to preliminary extrusion.

13. The additive according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that as components of animal origin contains meat waste and / or meat meal and blood meal, as components of races

- 8 013994 of origin origin contains triticale, sunflower meal and soybean meal, and as additional functional components it contains chalk, monocalcium phosphate, L lysine 98, KS-4, MIKO KARB and KEMZEIM, in the following ratio, wt.%:

Meat waste and / or meat flour 12.0-13.0 Blood meal 3.0-5.0 Triticale 37.5-39.0 Sunflower meal 15.0-17.0 Soybean meal 15,5-17,5 a piece of chalk 4.0-5.0 Monocalcium phosphate 2.0-3.5 KS-4 3.0-3.6 MIKO CARB 0.2-0.6 KEZIME V / 0.2-0.6 B lysine 98 0.2-0.6 Common salt 1.0-2.0

while meat wastes and / or meat flour, triticale, sunflower meal and soybean meal are subjected to preliminary extrusion.

14. Additive according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it contains meat waste and / or meat meal, blood meal, animal fat and bone meal as components of animal origin, contains triticale and sunflower meal as components of plant origin, and as additional functional components it contains chalk, L-lysine 98, KS-4, SAL CARB and KEMZEIM ^, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Meat waste and / or meat flour 14.0-16.0 Blood meal 4,5-6,5 Animal fat 4.0-6.0 Semi-finished bone 1.0-3.0 Triticale 46.0-48.0 Sunflower meal 18.0-19.5 a piece of chalk 2.0-2.5 KS-4 2.0-3.5 SAL CARB 0.2-0.4 KEZEIM XV 0.1-0.2 Lysine and / or L-lysine 98 0.3-0.6 Common salt 0.5-1.5

while the meat waste and / or meat meal, triticale and sunflower meal are subjected to preliminary extrusion.

15. The method of feeding pigs, including the preparation and feeding of the feed mixture in accordance with the diet, characterized in that from 10 to 40% of the extruded protein-vitamin-mineral feed additive for pigs according to any one of claims 1 to 14 is introduced into the feed mixture.

4 ^ 8) Eurasian Patent Organization, EAPO

Russia, 109012, Moscow, Maly Cherkassky per., 2