EA011943B1 - “the arkos system” reinforced concrete frame of multi-storey building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to construction industry and particular to structures of multi-storey apartment and public buildings of mass production and/or increased dimensions of column grid being constructed in different regions, including seismic, as well as on subsidence soils. A reinforced-concrete frame of a multi-storey building comprises solid cross-section prefabricated columns erected at each flooring level with slots, flat flooring disks formed by continuous monolithic reinforced concrete bearing girder with one-piece framework and resting in column's slots, and monolithic tie girders, and prefabricated reinforced plates resting by ends on the bearing girders and joined laterally by inter-plate seams. The columns are structured as multistage prefabricated sections connected by screw joints therebetween. Beneath each flooring the columns are provided with a reinforced core fixed at their longitudinal working reinforcement and bearing girders of floorings rest on a support device which comprises grooves and edges of the reinforced cores embracing the columns. Within each span the one-piece frameworks of the bearing girders have width exceeding the columns width, and longitudinal reinforcement of adjacent frameworks is connected by separate rods arranged along lateral columns faces and fixed by their ends to frameworks of adjacent spans. Prefabricated hollow-core slabs rest on concrete keys by an upper shelf, the keys are made on lateral faces of bearing girders and arranged tightly in slabs open cavities without gap of prefabricated slabs faces with the lateral faces of the bearing girders. The invention is aimed at labour safety, higher reliability and spatial building stability with large-span floorings.

Description

The invention relates to the construction and, in particular, to the structures of multi-storey residential and public buildings of mass assignment of high-rise and / or increased grid sizes of columns erected in various regions, including seismic, as well as on subsiding soils. ARKOS means an architecturally-constructive open system of high-rise buildings.

Famous frame of the building, which includes precast concrete columns with holes in the level of floors, precast prestressed crossbars and floor plates with a gap between their ends, which together with the holes in the columns are monolithic along with the combined lower part of crossbars [1].

Known frame has a relatively high bearing capacity. However, it is distinguished by a high deformability of the columns due to the compliance of the concrete in their holes, which significantly reduces the reliability of buildings of high-rise buildings using the proposed framework.

The reinforced concrete frame of a multistory building is known, which includes columns with through openings in the floor levels, reinforced concrete flat discs of floors made of prefabricated hollow-core slabs united by monolithic reinforced concrete bearing and crossbars by means of interplate joints, concrete dowels and reinforcement outlets [2].

Known frame has a high bearing capacity, the disks of the floors are made flat. A disadvantage of the known frame is the high metal intensity of the columns, as well as the complex production technology, which increases the labor costs during the construction of the building.

Closest to the present is the frame of a multi-storey building or structure, including prefabricated columns, made in height solid and provided with support devices at floor levels, and flat discs of floors, formed by monolithic load-bearing and connecting bolts, equipped with span and side reinforcement cages, and precast reinforced concrete slabs [ 3].

The known frame has a high bearing capacity and flat discs of floors with a relatively small metal content, and provides freedom of planning decisions. The disadvantage of the frame is increased complexity and intensity, since during its construction a large number of small reinforcement cages were used in the floor disks, which in each supporting girder are required to be combined into a single reinforcement cage, moreover, the reliability of coupling the crossbars with columns is insufficient, especially with long-span ceilings.

The present invention solves the problem of reducing the complexity of the construction, improving the reliability and spatial stability of a building with long-span ceilings.

The solution of this problem is achieved by the fact that in the frame of a multi-storey building, including prefabricated solid columns, made at the level of each slab with grooves, flat discs of the slab, formed of uncut monolithic reinforced concrete load-bearing crossbars with single-span armakasami along their length, monolithic connectors in the slots of the columns. and prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs, supported at the ends on supporting girders and joined along the sides by interplaced seams, the columns are made along the length of an apparent sections of the tiered assembly, connected by means of screw joints. Moreover, each section is made with a height of at least two floors with a corresponding number of slots. Under each groove, the columns are equipped with a reinforced core fixed on their longitudinal working reinforcement. The supporting girders of floors are supported with a span of columns along the perimeter on their supporting devices, including grooves and edges of reinforced cores, and within each span, full-span reinforced frames are made with a width exceeding the width of the columns. In this case, the longitudinal reinforcement of adjacent armo carcasses is connected by separate rods placed along the lateral faces of the columns and attached with ends to the armorages of adjacent spans. Combined hollow-core slabs at the ends are supported by the upper shelf on concrete dowels made on the side faces of the load-bearing beams at the same time and placed in the open cavities of the plates, with tight contact without clearance of the ends of the pre-cast slabs with the side faces of the load-bearing crossbars.

In addition, the reinforced supporting core of the column under the overlap may include overlapped ends of rods dangling from the bottom directly under the overlap of the longitudinal reinforcement of the column and rods of the upper longitudinal reinforcement bent to the axis of the column and transverse welded meshes installed within the length of the overlap of the joined ends of the longitudinal reinforcement bent to the column axis columns, with the formation of the reference groove in it directly above the top of the longitudinal bars broken off from below.

In addition, the reinforced supporting core of the column under the overlap may include longitudinal reinforcement, a supporting platform fixed on it in the form of solid or welded steel plate, and transverse welded meshes placed under it.

Within the height of the groove of the support device in the column can be made transverse through the opening.

Solid spans of monolithic bearing bars can be fitted to the bottom with a preformed flat reinforced concrete element containing the lower longitudinal reinforcement of the armored frame, and the supporting bolts are flush with the bottom edge adjacent to

- 1 011943 bolt precast plates and made T-shaped cross-sectional shape with the top shelf, arranged above the hollow-core slabs and connected along interplate joints with the overlap disk.

Solid spans of monolithic load-bearing crossbars are provided at the bottom with a pre-made flat reinforced concrete element with a width exceeding the width of the monolithic crossbar, and prefabricated hollow-core slabs are supported on the edges of the flat reinforced concrete element extending down from the slab plane.

The longitudinal reinforcement of the braced bolts is made in the form of full-span reinforced frame joining the columns along the length of the overlapped reinforcing rods placed in the through transverse openings of the columns.

In addition, braced bolts can be made of composite, including paired broad interplate seams with through longitudinal reinforcement, missed outside the columns, and hollow core plates placed between them in the column shells.

The listed constructive solutions compared to the prototype allow: 1) due to the implementation of the columns with composite multisection and screw joints, significantly increase the pace and quality of the frame installation, eliminate the formation of additional forces in the frame nodes from inaccurate installation and increase the bearing capacity of the columns and frame; 2) due to the adopted design of reinforced cores and bearing on the columns with their coverage around the perimeter on the supporting devices, including grooves and edges of the reinforced cores, to increase the bearing capacity and reliability of the bearing nodes of the load-bearing crossbars on the columns; 3) due to the execution of armature frames with a width exceeding the width of the columns and combining them with separate rods to the columns, significantly simplify the design of floor disks, reduce the number of reinforcement products to one reinforcement frame per span, ensure high-quality installation of reinforcement products and reliable anchoring of working bars in monolithic concrete load girders; 4) thanks to the support of multi-hollow precast slabs by the upper shelf onto the supporting bolts by means of concrete dowels made integral with them on their lateral faces with tight contact without clearance of the ends of the precast slabs with the supporting bolts, a high bearing capacity and rigidity of the frame overlaps under the load are ensured during operation; 5) increased bearing capacity of the column and the overlap junction when overlapping the ends of its longitudinal reinforcement, terminated under the overlap and displaced within the overlap thickness to the axis of the column, which significantly increases the supporting area of the overlap on the column, as well as the rigidity of the frame node; 6) to simplify the manufacturing technology of columns when performing reinforced core columns under the overlap with the use of support sites in, in the form of solid or welded plates; 7) to simplify the technology of device assemblies of interfaces of bearing and connecting bolts in the case of a device in a column of a through opening; 8) to expand the possibilities for increasing the size of the grid of columns to 12.0-15.0 m and more due to the columns of continuous section in height and the use of reinforcement cages with the lower precast reinforced concrete element, effectively use the strength of reinforcement and concrete and minimize their consumption.

In general, all the claimed features of the proposed solution provide a solution to the task to reduce the complexity of construction, improve the reliability and spatial stability of the building, including with long-span ceilings. In the above set, the above signs are unknown, and the achieved technical results exceed the known ones and create a super-total effect.

The essence of the proposed solution is illustrated by drawings. FIG. 1 shows the proposed frame, plan overlap; in fig. 2 - the same, the plan of overlapping with compound connecting girders; in fig. 3 is the same, section A-A in FIG. 1 and 2, carrying the crossbar with full-span reinforced frame with a height of section equal to the thickness of the hollow-core slabs; in fig. 4 is the same, section A-A in FIG. 1 and 2, bearing crossbar T-shaped cross-section with armokakas, equipped with a flat lower reinforced concrete element; in fig. 5 is the same, section A-A in FIG. 1 and 2, carrying the crossbar with a flat reinforced concrete element full-span reinforced frame protruding from the plane of overlap; in fig. 6 is the same, node A in FIG. 1, supporting mate of monolithic reinforced concrete bearing and braced girders with a column in the presence of a through opening in it; in fig. 7 is the same, node B in FIG. 2, pairing the carrier and composite tie bars with a column; in fig. 8 is the same, section BB in FIG. 7, a longitudinal section of the column in the interface with the supporting bolt; in fig. 9 is the same, section BB in FIG. 7, the option of mating the carrier bolt with the column; in fig. 10 - the same, the supporting platform of the support core in the form of a welded plate; in fig. 11 - construction of the assembled column with screw joints; in fig. 12 is a variant of the support device on the column in the form of a groove; in fig. 13 - the same, a version of the support device on the column with a through opening; in fig. 14 - an all-span armored frame interface assembly of load-bearing crossbars with a support device on the column, axonometry.

The proposed frame of a multistory building (Fig. 1-14) includes prefabricated reinforced concrete columns 1, discs of floors formed by monolithic carriers 2 and connecting 3 bolts, prefabricated multi-hollow slabs 4. Columns 1 are made of a continuous section in height and are equipped with supporting devices at the level of each ceiling the form of grooves 5, made around the perimeter of the cross section of the columns 1. The columns 1, performed in the form of multi-tiered prefabricated sections are provided at the ends of the sections

- 2 011943 flat ends and united in height by means of screw joints 6. Under each ceiling (support device 5) columns 1 are equipped with a reinforced support core 7, which is integral with the column and fixed on their longitudinal working reinforcement 8. The reinforced support core 7 under the overlap can (Fig. 8) include overlapped ends of 9 rods of longitudinal reinforcement, cut off from below under the overlap and ends of upper rods 10 bent to the axis of the column, as well as transverse welded meshes 11 within the length of the overlap of ends 9 and 10 rods of longitudinal reinforcement 8 columns 1. In this case, the groove 5 of the support device allows you to get the supporting platform 12 of increased size. Longitudinal reinforcement 8 columns can be placed at the support device, made in the form of a groove 5, pass-through without breaking (Fig. 9). In this case, under the groove 5 posted one-piece or welded plate 13, fixed in the holes (not labeled) on the valve 8, and under the plate 13 there are welded reinforcing mesh 11. In this case, the groove 5 of the support device is performed on the thickness of the protective layer of the working column 8 1. In the groove 5 of the support device of the column 1 can be made through the opening 14 for the passage of the through reinforcement bolts in one direction. In this case, the groove 5 can be performed not around the entire perimeter of the cross section of the column 1, but only on its two side faces.

The continuous support bolts 2 of the floors are supported on columns 1 and rigidly clamped in the grooves 5 of the support devices with a span of columns 1 along their perimeter. In each span between the faces of columns 1, load-bearing bolts 2 are equipped with full-span reinforced frames 15 with longitudinal and transverse reinforcement (not indicated) with a width Lak (Fig. 14) exceeding the width of columns 1 in the grooves 5. Nadhop longitudinal reinforcement of supporting grids 2 in the area of negative moment made of separate upper tensioned rods 16 and lower compressed rods 17. Moreover, the rods 16 and 17 are wound up with ends into the volume of the armature frames 15 overlapping their longitudinal reinforcement and attached to the transverse reinforcement of the reinforcing frames 15 of the knitting wire okay

Prefabricated hollow-core plates 4 at the ends with tight contact of the ends of the plates 4 without gaps with load-bearing crossbars 2 are supported by the upper shelf on concrete keys 18, made on the side faces of the load-bearing crossbars 2 along with them and placed in the open cavities of hollow-core slabs 4 to a depth from their ends are not more than 100 ± 10 mm. With a greater depth of placement of the key 18 in the cavities of the plates 4 under the influence of the load they will be included in the bending work, which can lead to their premature destruction and decrease in the bearing capacity of the slab. Prefabricated hollow-core slabs 4 on the sides are joined by interplate seams 19, which are filled with concrete or mortar. In the interplate joints 19 have longitudinal reinforcement 20, providing perception in sections at the ends of the plates 4 bending moment, longitudinal and transverse forces. Consoles 21 floors for the outer rows of columns 1 for the device balconies, loggias and bay windows are performed on the continuation of the supporting bolts 2, braced crossbars 3, or broadened interplate joints, based on them plates 4.

Full-span reinforced frames 15 of monolithic load-bearing beams 2 can be pre-concrete in the bottom into flat reinforced concrete elements 22, in the thickness of which the lower working reinforcement of the reinforced frame is placed. These elements 22 are, by their nature, fixed formwork for supporting girder 2 and can be, together with the reinforcement cage 15, manufactured in a high-quality factory. Reinforced from the element 22, the reinforcement ensures reliable joint operation of the monolithic and modular parts of the bolt 2. To increase the carrying capacity of the bolt 2, it can be made with a T-shaped section shape with an upper shelf 23 placed above the precast plates 4 in the floor structure. To ensure joint work under load, the shelves 23 and the overlapping plates 4 are connected along a wire mesh (not indicated) in the shelf 23 with overlapping anchor brackets 24 along the interplate joints 19. The lower reinforced concrete element 22 of the supporting crossbar 2 can be made with a width exceeding the width of the crossbar 2 and released to the bottom so that hollow-core slabs are supported on its edges, in addition to supporting the keys 4. The height of the supporting bolt developed in this way can significantly increase the bearing capacity of the floors and increase their span when using hollow-core slabs 4 of relatively small thickness.

Coupling bolts 3 also contain full-span reinforced frames 25 that are combined in overhead units with overlapping reinforcement 26 (FIG. 6) passed through a through opening 14 in column 1 (see FIG. 13). Coupling girders can also be made of composite (Fig. 7), including paired broadened seams 19 with through reinforcement 20, missed outside column 1, and hollow core 4 placed between them in each span.

As in the prototype [3], the proposed framework under load works as a single, multiple statically indefinable multi-storey spatial structure with flat floor slabs. At each overlap of the frame, the vertical load is directly perceived by prefabricated plates 4 and redistribute it to the load-bearing crossbars 2 and the less loaded adjacent plates. The bolts 2, in turn, load from the load is transferred to the columns 1. All horizontal loads applied to the building perceive the floor disks and transfer them to the vertical diaphragms of rigidity, or core stiffness (not shown). Columns 1 are also included in the work on the perception of horizontal loads due to their rigid integration with the floors.

- 3 011943

Compared with analogues and prototype [3], the frame is characterized by increased rigidity to the perception of vertical loads, since it is equipped with through-cast monolithic reinforced concrete belts in the form of crossbars 2 and 3 in the plane of floors and implementation of the action of reactive spacer forces. Bearing girders 2 are developed in height, which allows, without waste of materials, to block large spans, to create a lightweight ceiling structure. Monolithic girders 2, 3 and interplate seams 19 in combination with hollow-core slabs 4, combined with bolts 2 by concrete pins 18, ensure the integrity and integrity of the overlapping discs at any calculated impact. Tests of fragments of the proposed frame confirmed the above.

The proposed frame is erected in the same sequence as the prototype [3]. First, assembled columns 1 are installed and fixed by screw joints 6 to the bottom. Then, in the alignment of columns 1, support devices are mounted with formwork on top for monolithic bolts 2 and 3 (not shown in the drawings). On the formwork, the ends of the prefabricated plates are supported, and then full-span reinforced frames 15 and 25, respectively, bearing 2 and connecting 3 beams are placed in the columns of the columns 1. In the interplate seams 19 on the length of adjacent plates 4 install solid flat reinforcement cages with longitudinal reinforcement 20 fixed by the ends in the reinforcement cages 15 of load-bearing beams 2. After performing these reinforcement works, simultaneous concreting of the bearing 2, braced 3 crossbars and interplate joints 19 are performed. bolts 2 with the upper shelf 23 above the hollow plates 4 the laying of the concrete layer is carried out simultaneously with the concreting of these elements. After the required strength is gained by the monolithic concrete of the beams 2, 3 and interplate seams 19, the supporting overlapping devices on them release and transfer to this finished overlap, and the cycle of the next overlap is repeated using previously installed columns.

Unlike analogs and prototypes [3], due to the adopted reinforcement of interplate joints 19, carrying 2 and connecting 3 beams, as well as the use of screw joints of columns 1 and solid columns without openings in the floor levels, the length of the mounting section can be increased construction, as the technology of construction is extremely simple. It also provides a robust frame structure. Compared with the known 15-20% reduced labor costs for the construction of the frame. Thus, the adopted technology provides a complete solution to the problem posed in the invention.

The proposed technical solution for the frame of a multi-storey building is a new, currently developing area of modern industrial housing for mass purposes, characterized by increased economic efficiency, reliability and modern consumer qualities.

Information sources.

1. RF patent number 2250966, BI No. 12, 04/27/2005, cl. EV 1/20

2. RF patent №2233952, BI №22, 10.08.2004, cl. EB04 1/18

3. Eurasian patent number 007115, cl. EV 1/20. Date of publication and issuance of the patent 2006.06.30, application number №200500926 (prototype).

Claims (7)

CLAIM 1. Reinforced concrete frame of a multi-storey building, including prefabricated columns of solid section, made at the level of each floor with grooves, flat discs of floor, formed by uncut continuous monolithic reinforced concrete load-bearing crossbars with single-span armature frames along their length and monolithic interconnecting crossbars along the length and monolithic connecting crossbars with full span reinforced frames along their length and monolithic connecting crossbars with full span reinforced frames along their length and monolithic connecting bolts with full span reinforced frames along their length and monolithic connecting bolts with full span reinforced frames according to their length and monolithic interconnecting crossbars with full span reinforced frames along their length and monolithic interconnecting crossbars, with full span armature frames along their length and monolithic interconnecting crossbars, and I will have to use the solid wall reinforced concrete columns with continuous sections plates, supported at the ends on the bearing girders and joined along the sides by interplate seams, characterized in that the columns are made along the length of the composite from multi-tier assembly sections connected by screw joints with the height of each section at least two floors of the building with a corresponding number of grooves, under each slot of the column are equipped with a reinforced core fixed on their longitudinal working reinforcement, supporting girders of overlaps are supported with a span of columns along the perimeter on their supporting devices, including grooves and edges of the reinforced cores, the reinforced core of the column under the overlap includes the overlapped ends of the rods of the dangling bottom directly about under the overlap of the longitudinal reinforcement of the column and the rods of the upper longitudinal reinforcement bent to the axis of the column and the transverse welded meshes, installed within the length of the overlap of the joined ends of the longitudinal reinforcement of the columns, with the formation of a support groove in it directly above the top of the longitudinal bars broken from the bottom, the limits of each span are full-span reinforced frames of load-bearing crossbars with a width exceeding the width of the columns, and the longitudinal reinforcement of the adjacent reinforced frames is connected separately and longitudinal rods placed along the lateral faces of the columns and attached ends to the armatures of adjacent spans, and precast hollow-core slabs at the ends are supported by the upper shelf on concrete dowels made on the side faces of the load-bearing crossbars along with them and placed in the open cavities of the plates, with tight contact without the gap of the ends of prefabricated plates with side faces of the load-bearing crossbars. - 4 011943 2. Reinforced concrete frame of a multistory building according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforced core of the column under the overlap includes a supporting platform fixed to the longitudinal reinforcement in the form of solid or welded steel plate and transverse welded meshes placed under it. 3. Reinforced concrete frame of a multistory building in PP.1 and 2, characterized in that a transverse through opening is made within the height of the groove in the column. 4. Reinforced concrete frame of a multistory building according to claims 1-3, characterized in that full-span reinforced frames of monolithic load-bearing crossbars are provided with low pre-made flat reinforced concrete element, in which the lower longitudinal reinforcement of the reinforcement cage is housed, the supporting crossbars are located flush with the bottom edge adjacent to the crossbar of the reinforcing cage, the supporting crossbars are placed flush with the lower edge adjacent to the crossbar of the reinforcing cage, the supporting crossbars are located flush with the lower edge adjacent to the crossbar. and made T-shaped cross-sectional shape with the top shelf, arranged above the hollow-core slabs and connected along the interplate joints with the overlap disk. 5. Reinforced concrete frame of a multistory building according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the full-span reinforced frames of monolithic load-bearing crossbars are provided with a pre-made flat reinforced concrete element with a width exceeding the width of the monolithic crossbar, and on the edges of the flat reinforced concrete element that slopes down from the slab plane, additionally supported precast hollow-core slabs. 6. Reinforced concrete frame of a multistory building in accordance with claims 1-5, characterized in that the longitudinal reinforcement of the connecting bolts is made in the form of full-span reinforced frames combined in columns along the length of the overlapping reinforcement bars placed in the through transverse openings of the columns. 7. Reinforced concrete frame of a multi-storey building according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the connecting bolts are made of composite and include paired broad interplate joints with through longitudinal reinforcement, missed outside the columns, and hollow core slabs placed between them in the columns.