EA008548B1 - Dock bearing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to ship building.The inventive device comprises a frame (3) which is mountable on the pontoon deck (2) of a dock (1) and on which a movable platform (5) provided with damped keel-blocks having shaped removable cushions (14) is placed. The platform (5) displacement in a direction transverse to the longitudinal central plane (CP) of the dock (1) is limited by end operative and inoperative positions which are fixed and carried out by means of the cable-pulley system of a pull rod (9) provided with a drive (10) which is fixed to the dock (1) sidewall. A through hole (8) is embodied in the frame (3) for a bearing device which unloads the frame (3) when it bears the loaded keel-blocks (6). The frame (3) length in the transverse CP direction of the dock (1) is less than the width of the pontoon deck (2).In a particular case, the frame (3), the platform (5) and the keel-blocks (6) are embodied in the form of welded metal structures, wherein the frame (3) is embodied in such a way that it makes it possible to mount several platforms (5).The platform (5) mobility reduces the time and simplifies a ship docking.

Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular to the equipment docks, and can be used when docking vessels with curved aft keel base, in particular submarines, in conditions of limited filling dry dock outboard water.

Known dock support devices, including stationary and / or mobile keelblocks, providing installation and maintenance of the hull in the dock in a given way. Mobile keel blocks are installed in the stern of the vessel in the vicinity of the diametral plane (DP), and the vessel is put into the dock and removed from the dock in conditions of limited water level above the berth deck of the dock after the keel blocks are removed from the PD.

A dock support device (keel-block device) is known, which includes lower fixed keel blocks installed on the floor of the block at a certain distance from each other, and a sliding upper type keel block mounted on the lower keel blocks, the contact (supporting) surface of which is responsive to the surface of the vessel at the place where keels are maintained by its keel blocks , while the upper movable keelblock is arranged to interact with the pitch for horizontal movement of this keelblock, fixed at one end in the dock, and lifting bubbled for vertical movement mechanism movable keel blocks which have wheel speed and placed in the gaps between the fixed keel blocks movably (Japan application № 59-3319, IPC V63 C5 / 04, publ. 23.01.84).

The known device allows the support of the floating equipment to be provided on a sufficiently large area, since the mobile keelblock can be easily re-installed, however, for surfaces of complex geometry, contact with the mobile keelblock occurs only on certain surface areas, which creates uneven pressure on the fixed keelblocks and can lead to position deviation floating equipment from the required position.

Reducing the contact surface of the movable keel block to ensure better contact of the surfaces will lead to an increase in the number of lifting mechanisms for their vertical movement, which complicates the device as a whole. In addition, the installation of guides for lifting mechanisms directly on the dock deck can break the hatch tightness.

Known keelblock containing a carrier with rollers and a pillow for landing a ship, in which the carrier is made in the form of two platforms, interconnected by an elastic link and mounted on curved guides with mutually opposite slopes, and the pillow for landing a ship is rubber-coated rollers made with the possibility of rotation (USSR, and.with. 492425, IPC W63 C5 / 04, publ. 25.11.75). The load forces acting on rubber rollers placed on both sides of the ship and on the keelblock as a whole can be decomposed into two orthogonal components, one of which is balanced by the action on the elastic link, and the other presses the load — the ship — on the rollers and then it acts evenly on curved guides to ensure the steady position of the vessel on the carrier.

A disadvantage of the known keelblock is the limitations of its operational characteristics using only for flat-bottomed vessels.

Known dock support device, which includes made in the form of a group of individual supports keel track, the ends of which are bow and stern centering elements with a lifting and lowering base, as well as zygomatic paths, located on both sides of the keel track, with a variable height of the supporting surface, equipped with power drives with remote control. The device also includes a pair of rigid supports (heeling) with a re-adjustable support surface due to removable floating pillows hingedly attached to the support, to which flexible couplings attached to the dock pylon are attached. Separate support keel track is also made with the ability to change the height of the lifting of their support surfaces using remote-controlled drives. At the end of the dock support device, a trimming support is installed with a support base for perceiving a part of the weight of the vessel being documented and eliminating the trim. The diametral (keel) dock support is designed to perceive a part of the weight of a documented vessel and is equipped with its supporting base in the form of a platform, which is raised and lowered by a wedge unit consisting of three moving self-braking wedges fitted with power drives (USSR, as well. 1748394, MPK B63 C5 / 00, published on 12/27/95).

The known device solves the problem of improving operating parameters by ensuring the reception of vessels with different landing and different deviations of the bottom contours from the theoretical. However, the presence of a large number of structural elements that need to be coordinated to control when straightening the tilted sides of the vessel, the use of additional trimming and heeling supports, which need to be rearranged and adjusted in height, complicate and increase the duration of the ship docking process. The use of flexible links to re-install pillows with positive buoyancy, the bearing surface of which should correspond to the bottom contours at the attachment point to the vessel's surface, requires additional labor costs, which all the more increase when selecting the installation site of the heeling supports for each ship, since the installation coordinates of the supports on the bottom of the dock are fixed. Thus, the disadvantage of the known device is the limitations of its performance characteristics, multi-element, complex control system

- 1 008548 docking process of the vessel.

Known dock support device, including a system of individual supports, which are installed with the possibility of forming a keel track and are made with the possibility of changing the height of their bearing surfaces, removable cushions at least to a part of the supports, a support base installed to ensure interaction with the supports of the keel track, centering elements , remotely controlled drive for height control of supports, selected as the closest analogue to the proposed device.

The objective of the invention is to improve the operational characteristics of the device by ensuring the mobility of dock supports to speed up and simplify the process of placing the ship in the dock, as well as ensure the safety of the dock.

The task is solved by the fact that in the well-known dock support device, which includes a system of individual supports, which are installed with the possibility of forming a keel track and are made with the possibility of changing the height of their supporting surfaces, removable cushions for at least part of the supports, the support base, installed to ensure interaction with keel supports, centering elements, remotely operated drive for installation of supports, in accordance with the invention, said system of separate supports is placed on a mobile platform, installed on the frame with the ability to move in the direction orthogonal to the median plane of the dock, and the frame is installed on the dock slipway with contact with one of its sides and is made with a window for the support base, which is made plug-in, all supports are composite and contain shock-absorbing keel blocks and profiled removable cushions, and the remote-controlled drive for the installation of supports is designed as a thrust-block thrust system of a movable platform, the drive of which is fixed on the side wall of the dock.

In addition, the length of the frame in the direction orthogonal to the median plane of the dock is less than the width of the slipway in the same direction.

In addition, the frame is provided with limiters of movement of the movable platform in the direction orthogonal to the median plane of the dock.

In addition, the frame is made in the form of a welded metal structure.

In addition, the frame is made with the possibility of parallel installation of multiple mobile platforms.

In addition, the movable platform is made with road rollers, and the frame is made with guides for the rollers of the mobile platform.

In addition, the centering elements are placed on the frame in accordance with the extreme positions of the movable platform.

In addition, the centering elements are placed on the frame with the ability to interact with the road rollers of the movable platform by means of a clamp.

In addition, the support base is made of a material with a high value of the coefficient of impact recovery, for example, of wood.

In addition, the movable platform is made in the form of a welded metal structure.

In addition, each keelblock is made in the form of a welded metal structure with a chamber for accommodating a removable cushion.

In addition, the movable platform is made with through holes under the keel track, and each keelblock is equipped with spring-loaded brackets installed with the possibility of interaction with the movable platform.

In addition, interchangeable pillows are made with a centrally symmetrical bearing surface of a given curvature.

In addition, replacement cushions are made of a material with a high value of the shock recovery coefficient, for example, of wood.

The technical result of the invention consists in the use of keel blocks placed on a mobile platform, which provides the mobility of the dock support device and allows for quick reinstallation of the keel block supports. When using several identical devices installed on the slipway deck, it is possible to form a keel track for a ship with a hull of any configuration and with a long aft keel surface, and also to enter platforms in the required quantity and consistently during the docking of the ship.

The invention is illustrated FIG. 1-4, in which: FIG. 1 shows a dock support device with two mobile platforms in the non-operating position (plan view), FIG. 2 shows a dock support device with an illustration of two extreme positions of a movable platform with keel blocks, FIG. 3 shows the execution of the keelblock with a removable cushion and its installation on the platform; FIG. 4 diagram of the interaction of the frame with a mobile platform.

The dock support device (Fig. 1) is intended for installation in a dry dock 1. A metal frame 3 is installed on the berth deck 2 with a stop 4 against the side wall of dock 1. A movable platform 5 with keel blocks 6 is installed on the frame 3. The frame 3 is equipped with guides 7, providing moving on them a movable platform 5 across the slipway deck 2, i.e. in orthogonal direction

- 008548 diametral plane (DP) of the dock. When moving the movable platform 5 to the DP dock, the keel blocks 6 form a keel path, under which a through window 8 is made in frame 3. A through window 8 allows the keel blocks 6 under load to move in the direction of the slipway 2 without damaging the frame 3. Reciprocating movement of the platform 5 within the frame 3 is carried out by controlling the cable-block system 9, the drive 10 of which is fixed on the side wall of the dock 1, and the individual (intermediate) units of system 9 are fixed on the frame 3 and platform 5. The end of the thrust is fixed on the frame 3. If the frame 3 made with the possibility of installing on it in parallel several mobile platforms 5 (for example, two platforms, as shown in Fig. 1), the cable-and-block systems 9 of the platforms 5 can be connected to ensure their coordinated movement to the installation site. On the frame 3, there are limiters for moving the movable platform 5 relative to the projection of the dock 1 in the form of stops 11, equipped with signaling devices 12 installed according to the extreme positions of the movable platform 5. Drives for controlling the pitch 9 are made in the form of winches with a vertical axis for a drum with a cable stored in it (capstan ), which have a supply of electricity from an external source (not shown in Fig.) and are connected via power supply with a control panel, which ensures the synchronous operation of the drives and elements of the cable-blocking device va thrust (Fig. not shown), and switches off the actuator upon reaching the end positions 5 platforms. When the movable platform 5 is in the extreme positions on the frame 3, the position of the center line of the keel track and the center line of the set of keel blocks 6 is also fixed by means of centering elements 13 fixing the position of the platform 5. In connection with the use of the keel track, the frame 3 on which the keel blocks 6 are mounted has the length in the direction orthogonal to the DP of the dock 1 is smaller than the width of the building berth-deck 2 in the same direction. This allows you to make the dock support device universal and use it with different widths of the dock berth-deck and for different ships, in combination with a change in the installation position of the travel stops - the stops 11 of the platform 5 and the centering elements 13.

FIG. 2 shows the dock support device with an illustration of the two extreme positions of the movable platform 5 with keel blocks 6. Installed on the movable platform 5, the keel blocks 6 with removable cushions 14 are transferred to the operating position on the dock 1, provide support for the ship hull 15 and are loaded. A through window 8, made in frame 3, allows the keelblocks 6 to rest on the support base 16, which is located within the through window 8 on the berth-deck 2. The support base 16 is made plug-in and is designed to unload the frame 3 and mechanically protect the berth deck 2. Need for use the support base 16 in conditions of high static and dynamic loads requires it to be made of a material with a high value of the shock recovery coefficient (up to KV = 0.6), for example, of oak or birch wood (wooden beam according to GO CS 2695-83).

FIG. 3 details the execution of the keelblock 6 with a removable cushion 14 and its installation on the platform. Keelblock 6 is equipped with brackets 17, on which shock absorbers 18 are fixed, supported on cradles 19, made on platform 5 for each keelblock 6. Shock absorbers 18 are installed (in aggregate) along the DP dock and made in the form of compression springs. Due to this, the keel blocks 6 in the unloaded condition are located at a height of 30-50 mm above the support base 16, which also ensures the free running of the platform 5 with keel blocks when it is moved.

FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the interaction of the frame 3 with the movable platform 5. The platform 5 is made with road rollers 20, ensuring its movement along the rails 21 of the frame 3. The road rollers 20 are made with flanges on both ends to ensure uniform movement of the platform along the rails 21. As platform 5 is necessary fix in the extreme positions, on the frame 3, the centering elements 13 are made in the form of grooves for fixing the platform 5 by means of clamps 22, made in the form of mechanical spring-loaded stoppers which are in response to ERSTU rollers 20 running in the platform 5.

Frame 3, platform 5 and keel blocks 6 are made in the form of welded metal structures, which reduces their overall weight while maintaining high mechanical strength. Keel blocks 6 are made with a camera 23 in the upper part to accommodate in it a profiled removable cushion 14, the surface of which has a central symmetry (axisymmetric) and a predetermined curvature corresponding to the outer seating surface of the ship. Removable cushion 14 is made of a material with a high coefficient of impact recovery, for example, from oak or birch wood (in particular, according to GOST 2695-83).

The dock support device is used as follows. In the dry dock 1, the frame 3 is fixed on the slipway 2 with an emphasis on the side wall of the dock, and on the frame 3 the platform 5 is installed with damped keelblocks 6 with removable profiled cushions 14 placed along the DP dock. The number of keel blocks 6, as well as the number of platforms 5 for them, is chosen based on the convenience of the repair work and the type of vessel. Before installing the platform within the frame 3 place the support base 16, for example, of wood.

Dry dock 1 is filled with water and a vessel is introduced, for example, to be repaired. A platform 5 with keel blocks 6 is brought under the vessel by starting the drive 10 of the cable-block system 9 of the platform 5 thrust.

- 3 008548

The cable wiring of the system 9 overcomes the mechanical resistance of the latches 22 of the platform 5 and provides for the detachment of the platform 5 from the stops 11 - platform movement limiters, and the operation of the alarm device 12, which generates a signal to the control panel. The traction rollers 20 turn, and the platform 5 evenly moves along the rails 21 of the frame 3.

Upon reaching the working position, the platform 5 rests against the travel stops - stops 11, which triggers the alarm 12, after which the drive 10 is disconnected and the working position of the platform 5 is locked by the centering element 13 (the keel track).

After installation of the platforms 5 in the working position (keel path) from the control panel, the pumps are turned on and the dock is drained. When the water level drops, the ship lowers onto the supporting surfaces of the removable cushions 14, which respond to the hull profile, and the keel blocks 6 on the shock absorbers 18 are gently lowered under the action of a static load on the support base 16.

After draining the dock, repairs (or other operations) are carried out on the ship. At the end of the work, dock 1 is filled with water; a vessel with positive buoyancy is removed from the removable cushions 14 keelblocks 6 of the dock support device and removed from the dock. The inclusion of the actuator 10 initiate actuation of the cable block system 9 thrust platform 5, which is moved to the extreme inoperative position. After fixing the platform 5 in the extreme inoperative position on the signal of the detector 12 disable the actuator 10.

The claimed dock support device can significantly reduce the time for ship repair operations, it is easily transformed under actual operating conditions (dock width, ship type, etc.), characterized by mobility, high reliability, low material consumption, which allows to use it effectively.

Claims (14)

CLAIM 1. Dock support device, comprising a system of individual supports, which are installed with the possibility of forming a keel track and are configured to change the height of their supporting surfaces, removable pillows for at least a part of the supports, a support base installed to ensure interaction with the supports of the keel track, centering elements, a remote-controlled drive for installing supports, characterized in that the said system of individual supports is placed on a movable platform (5) mounted on a frame (3) with the possibility movements in the direction orthogonal to the diametrical plane of the dock (1), and the frame (3) is installed on the slipway deck (2) of the dock (1) to ensure contact with one of its sides and is made with a window (8) under the support base, made plug-in moreover, all the supports are made integral and contain shock-absorbed keel blocks (6) and profiled removable pillows (14), and the remotely controlled installation of the supports is made in the form of a cable-block traction system (9) of a moving platform (5), the drive (10) of which is mounted on side wall of the dock (1). 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the frame (3) in the direction orthogonal to the diametrical plane of the dock (1) is less than the width of the slipway deck (2) in the same direction. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (3) is equipped with movement stops (11) of the movable platform (5) in the direction orthogonal to the diametrical plane of the dock (1). 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (3) is made in the form of a welded metal structure. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (3) is made with the possibility of parallel installation of several movable platforms (5). 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable platform (5) is made with rollers (20), and the frame (3) is made with guides (21) for the rollers (20) of the movable platform (5). 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering elements (13) are placed on the frame (3) according to the extreme positions of the movable platform (5). 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering elements (13) are placed on the frame (3) with the possibility of interaction with the track rollers (20) of the moving platform (5) by means of a latch (22). 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support base (16) is made of a material with a high value of the coefficient of shock recovery, for example, of wood. 10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable platform (5) is made in the form of a welded metal structure. 11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each kilblock (6) is made in the form of a welded metal structure with a camera (23) to accommodate a removable pillow (14). 12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable platform (5) is made with through holes (8) for the keel track, and each kilblock (6) is equipped with spring-loaded brackets (17) that are installed to interact with the movable platform (5 ) - 4 008548 13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the replaceable pillows (14) are made with a centrally symmetrical supporting surface of a given curvature. 14. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that the replaceable pillows (14) are made of a material with a high value of the coefficient of shock recovery, for example, of wood.