RU2323121C1 - Floating landing stage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: equipment for mooring, loading/unloading and servicing operations performed on the vessels afloat.

SUBSTANCE: proposed floating landing stage has receiving parts in form of grip of varying opening. Folding stage consists of two elastically connected floating members: limitedly-rigid member and inflatable member in form of multi-chamber member of varying opening with actuating pneumatic chambers located centrally. Ends of inflatable member are provided with ballast chambers for sinking and surfacing; ballast chamber are coated with polymer material possessing preset frictional and anti-frictional properties. Inflatable member of landing stage may embrace and softly lock sea-plane or vessel at attachment along axis to rigid member and transversely to inflatable member carrying members of folding plating on its surface with guard rails. It is made from polymer material and is provided with perforations and anti-skid coat.

EFFECT: enhanced safety and reliability of mooring water craft.

6 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of means of providing mooring, loading and unloading, as well as maintenance afloat amphibious aircraft, seaplanes, ekranoplanes, ships, jet skis, etc. The floating berth can be used, in particular, for commercial purposes of hydroaviation, as well as ships and other watercraft in the resort, tourism, water transport, and other sectors of the economy of the country and provides passenger transplantation, transportation of goods by amphibious aircraft, seaplanes, ekranoplanes, ships in the conditions for the formation of the infrastructure for ensuring hydro-aviation flights and the organization of water transport in the waters of the seas, lakes, rivers and artificial reservoirs.

Among the main problems in creating means of providing mooring, loading and unloading and maintenance of afloat seaplanes, the following are noted:

- the problem of ensuring safe contact with the berth of the fuselage-boat, having a thin lining, in conditions of waves of the water surface without permanent deformation on the surface of the lining of the boat, and even more so without its destruction;

- the problem of reliable attachment of the seaplane to the pier;

- ensuring the safe landing and departure of passengers of a seaplane, loading and unloading of goods;

- ensuring the minimum size of the berth when transporting it to another water area.

Several approaches to solving these problems are known.

So, a known system for mooring a vessel (US patent No. 6176195 from 01/23/01, BV 35/44), which has a frame made of rigid material (metal, fiberglass, etc.) with a V-shaped inlet section. Elastic rubber tires are fixed to the frame. Mooring through this system is as follows. The boat approaches this system with its nose and glides along the V-shaped inlet section, rests its nose (stem) against elastic tires, which absorb the energy of movement of the craft and slow it down. Then the ends (ropes) are thrown from the vessel and it is moored.

The disadvantages of such a system are the necessity of navigating the craft with great accuracy along the course so that the nose of the craft can enter the V-shaped inlet section. This is not always possible when the water surface is rough, and there is a danger of the nose of the boat hitting a rigid frame and a hard entrance area. This is especially dangerous for ships, seaplanes with thin skin.

A berthing guide device is also known (US patent No. 6575110 dated 11/27/2001 B63B 59/02), made in the form of plates attached at an angle to the U-shaped walls of the berth. Rails are attached to each of the plates, which absorb the energy of the boat moored to the berth and minimize friction when it comes in contact with the berth wall.

The disadvantages of this device are: stiffness, constancy of the size of the input section and vertical vibrations of the line of hard contact of the side of the boat with the berth depending on the height of the wave.

There is also a floating dock for staging boats (US Patent No. 5529013 dated 07/11/95 B63B 35/44), which contains floating modular units attached to each other and fastened with special studs, forming a base and two arms extending from the base . Flexible connections are installed between the modular units, which allow each unit to pivot up and down.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the constancy of the solution of the receiving part, which can be very limitedly used for receiving vessels of the same dimension in harsh marine conditions and requires a certain skill in controlling the vessel for the precise penetration of the vehicle into the solution of the receiving part when it approaches and docked.

The closest to the invention according to the set of essential features is a device for mooring floating equipment (AS USSR No. 1439918 from 04.20.87, B63B 21/00), containing a receiving part of two rods with gripping legs at the ends, and both rods pivotally attached at one end to one of the boats, while the other ends of the rods are connected to each other by a belt, and the device is made with a drive for lifting both rods and their mutual extension and rapprochement, having a lifting and swinging beam with a locking element, pivotally connected tied with rigid rods with the middle parts of both rods.

In this technical solution, rigid mechanical components and connections with rather complicated control kinematics were used. In marine conditions with alternating spatial loads, such a technical solution does not ensure the trouble-free operation of mechanical components and their connections, requires skilled tuning and regular maintenance. In addition, such a device does not guarantee trouble-free contact with the seaplane board due to the relatively small contact area.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase the safety and reliability of the mooring of a boat by creating a floating berth, providing a soft touch of the boat with its surface under a wide range of angles of approach of the boat to the berth and providing subsequent sliding in soft contact to its middle for subsequent reliable coverage of the sides of the boat, mainly its bow, and fixing with fastening of the received vessel at three points. In addition, the task is to ensure the fixation of the boat in such a way that the wharf on the wave coincides in phase with the fluctuations of the ship or are close.

The third objective of the invention is to increase the safety of passengers disembarking from the boat by obtaining a berth in which the amplitude of the wave acting on it from the receiving device to the end of the berth is reduced.

The fourth objective of the invention is to expand the operational capabilities of a floating berth by curtailing it, transporting it to a new location and subsequent deployment.

The fifth task is to ensure the safe operation of watercraft for a wider range of their dimensions, with a higher probability of their seasonal operation.

The tasks are solved as a result of the fact that the floating berth, containing the receiving part in the form of a variable solution capture, is made compactly folding, consisting of two flexibly connected floating units: a limited-rigid and inflatable multi-chamber variable solution of the receiving part with a central arrangement of executive-power pneumatic chambers moreover, its ends are equipped with ballast chambers for flooding and ascent, coated with a polymer material with specified properties of frictional or antifriction manifestations, At the same time, the inflatable link of the berth has the ability to cover and softly fix the seaplane or the vessel with axial fastening to a limited-rigid link, and across to an inflatable bearing on its upper surface a folding deck with a guard rail made of a polymer material with perforation and anti-slip coated.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

- figure 1 shows a floating pier with entered and moored seaplane, top view;

- figure 2 shows a floating pier with a seaplane that entered it and is moored, side view;

- figure 3 is a section bB of the floating berth;

- figure 4 is a section bb of the ballast chamber of the berth;

- figure 5 is a view of E on the surface with the properties of frictional or antifriction manifestations;

- figure 6 is a floating berth in a camping transport configuration.

The letters G and D show the size of the solution for the receiving part of the berth:

G - the size of the solution of the receiving part at the time of approach of the ship to the berth:

D - the size of the solution of the receiving part of the berth after mooring and fixing the craft.

The proposed floating berth in accordance with the structural solutions contains: a limited-rigid floating link 1, an inflatable link 2 with a variable solution pivotally connected to it, consisting of block chambers 3 connected to executive-power pneumatic chambers 4, which are connected with presence sensors 5 watercraft 6. Blocks of chambers 3 contain ballast chambers for flooding and ascent 7, surface of coverage and soft fixation 8. The berth is equipped with ropes of fastening (mooring) 9 of the watercraft 6 along its axis to the bollard 10, placed for a rigid floating link 1, anchoring ropes 11 of the vehicle 6 across its axis to the mooring points 12 located on the inflatable link 2, carrying folding flooring 13 with a guard rail 14. The berth is equipped with a movable transitional ladder 15, a source of pneumatic energy 16 and a removable transport chassis 17. Ballast chambers for flooding and ascent 7, in places of likely contact with the sheathing of received craft, are coated with a polymer material with the specified properties of frictional and antifriction manifestations 18.

The floating pier works as follows.

A watercraft 6 (for example, an amphibious aircraft landing on a water surface), using its own engines, drives the berth 2 to the inflatable link, ensuring that the nose of the watercraft 6 gets into the solution of the berth 2. The watercraft 6 touches and slides along one of the surfaces of the coverage and soft fixation 8, heading forward to the central part of the inflatable link 2. At this moment, the ballast chambers of the flooding and ascent 7 are flooded and have antifriction properties, allowing the watercraft 6 to enter the berth with the smallest the friction resistance of the sheathing of the watercraft 6 against the surface of the berth 2. As it moves into the solution of link 2, sensors 5 for the presence of the watercraft 6 are activated, giving a signal to the executive-power chambers 4 to fill them with air from the pneumatic network, and also with some deceleration, the signal to the ballast chambers 7 on them ascent. The executive-power chambers 4, as they are filled with compressed air, reduce the left and right blocks of the chambers 3 of the inflatable link 2 until the chambers of the chambers 3 are completely in contact with the skin of the aircraft, clamping it together, while solution G tends to solution D. The final reduction of the blocks of chambers 3 of the inflatable link 2 is possible only after the contact of the mast of the moored aircraft with the central part of the inflatable link 2. After this contact, the ballast chambers 7, which already have frictional properties, rise, and they together with the left and right blocks chambers 3 of the inflatable link 2, due to the coating with a polymer material with the desired frictional manifestation properties 18, produce the final soft fixation of the watercraft 6. Thus, the watercraft 6 is fixed in the inflatable link 2: in front, with the central part of the inflatable link 2, on the sides - with coverage and soft fixation surfaces 8 , and the friction of the ballast chambers 7 on the sheathing of the craft 6 prevents the exit from the link 2 of the craft 6. After the operations of entering the craft 6 into the inflatable part of the pier 2 and its soft fixation, the doors turn off Gatelles. A crew member or technical staff secures the boat 6 along its axis to the cleft 10 with ropes 9, and across the axis of the boat 6 to the attachment points (mooring) 12 of the floating inflatable link 2. After that, a movable transitional ladder 15 is fed from the limited-hard link 1 to the deck 13 of the floating link 2, and passengers are landed or disembarked (descent), cargo is loaded or unloaded.

Departure (descent) of the vehicle 6 from the berth is as follows: the cross-link cables 11 are removed from the ducks of the vehicle, then the ballast chambers 7 are immersed and the executive-power chambers 4 are activated to slightly release the vehicle body 6. The axial cable of the anchor 9 is loosened and as it weakens the watercraft 6 is repelled by the hook or the sixth aft part forward from the limited-hard link 1 until it leaves the floating link 2. Then the axial rope 9 is dropped from the ducks of the watercraft 6, it is launched engines and go to sea. If the engines of the watercraft 6 have a reverse or a bow thruster, it can leave the berth with engine thrust. The work of the parts and assemblies of the floating berth is provided by a pneumatic system, powered from pneumatic energy sources 16 (cylinders or compressor station). For the convenience of relocation of the berth and considering that it is made of two flexible-connected floating units 1,2, the berth is compactly folded. The limited-rigid link 1 is a platform where embedded elements for installing a removable transport chassis 17 are made, and the inflatable multi-chamber link 2, after bleeding air from the executive-power pneumatic chambers 4, can easily be placed on the surface of the restricted-rigid link 1. Folding decks 13 made with the use of a non-slip coating of polymers, as well as a folding railing 14, they are also laid on the surface of a limited-hard link 1, which is a platform for transporting x parts and assemblies berth.

The essence of the alleged invention is to ensure that mooring boats with thin sheathing have a safe entrance to the berth with subsequent soft contact, reliable coverage over the largest possible area and soft fixation with fastening to a limited-hard link. This result is achieved by the implementation of the receiving part of the berth in the form of an inflatable multi-chamber structure, which is made with a variable solution of the receiving part, variable by the action of executive-power pneumatic chambers 4, attached flexibly to a limited-rigid floating link 1.

The flexible connection of the floating links allows the inflatable link 2 to adapt to the entry angle of the watercraft 6 into the berth and provide an independent supply of the watercraft 6 to the limited-rigid link 1 connected to the shore of the reservoir in a wider range of angles both horizontally, simplifying the task of maintaining course and vertically, increasing the mooring of the mooring process.

Ballast chambers for flooding and ascent 7, coated with a polymer material with specified frictional and antifriction properties, which are a continuation of the camera blocks with surfaces of coverage and soft fixation, allow the moored craft 6 to be sent to the berth receiving part in the flooded state. Being at a certain distance from the surface of the water, they provide underwater soft contact of the craft with the berth in the anti-friction mode. After the watercraft 6 enters the berth and the camera blocks 3 are brought to the body of the watercraft 6, the flooding and ascent ballast chambers 7, having received the ascent command, execute it, providing their lift to fix the bottom of the watercraft 6 in the frictional manifestation mode. Thus, the ballast chambers, working together with the camera blocks 3 and being their continuation, provide soft fixation of the craft 6 in the berth, and their oscillations on the wave are close in phase or coincide. This provides a safer and more comfortable departure of passengers from the vessel 6 to the pier.

The use of a coating of a polymer material with the specified properties of frictional and antifriction manifestations for ballast chambers of flooding and ascent 7 is due to the fact that the same surfaces must have frictional and antifriction properties, since it is all in water, the use of electronics to manifest these properties is undesirable. A possible solution to this problem is to use the same pneumatics, which ensures the work of the berth. So, the ballast chamber 7 is covered with a film of perforated PTFE, and opposite the perforation holes is a thinned material of the chamber, for example, special rubber. When the pressure in the ballast chamber ensures its immersion, thinning opposite the perforation does not protrude beyond its contours, and the chamber has antifriction properties. When the chamber emerges, the pressure in its cavity rises, and thinning from the friction material (rubber) bulges out (out of the contours) of the chamber, creating friction on the same surface much higher than the initial one.

Limited rigid link 1 can be performed by analogy with modular floating berths, the design of which is based on modular blocks fastened together by connecting studs. Modular blocks can be made of high density polyethylene, which is highly resistant to shocks, temperature fluctuations, the destructive effect of sunlight and oxidation.

The limited rigid floating link 1 can also be performed as modular floating berths, the design of which is based on rectangular modules made of polystyrene foam glued with fiberglass and anti-slip coating reinforced in horizontal and vertical planes with embedded pipes, for example, polyvinyl chloride. In this design, vertical pipes serve for anchor or pile fixation in conditions of fluctuations in water level, to orient the berth in the wind or in the stream, and also to reduce the vertical load of the wave in difficult weather conditions. Horizontal pipes provide flexible connection of modules with nylon ropes passing in the internal cavities of these pipes.

Such mortgage elements can be attached and rails 14, removable if necessary, transportation and bollards, ensuring the fastening of the craft and can be mounted on the mounts of the removable transport chassis 17 of the berth.

The floating berth is equipped with folding floors 13 made of a polymer material with an anti-slip coating due to not only compactness when dismantling it for transportation, but also the possibility of eliminating undesirable loads on the floor when the berth is operating on the wave, and preventing delays on the flooring of water flows from accidental wave flooding.

Thus, the design of the floating berth was created, which provides high safety and reliability of the mooring of the boat due to the soft touch of the boat with its surface under a wide range of angles of approach of the boat to the berth and subsequent sliding in soft contact to the middle for subsequent reliable coverage of the sides of the boat, mainly bow, as well as reliable fixation with fastening of the received vessel at three points.

The damping properties of the design of the inflatable part of the berth allow operations to embark and disembark passengers from the side of the craft in more comfortable and safe conditions.

In addition, it ensures safe behavior in emergency conditions, as well as in conditions of drift in shallow water due to the soft fixation of the craft, allowing the wharf on the wave to coincide in phase with the vibrations of the ship or be close.

The passenger departure safety is increased due to the fact that the amplitude of the wave acting on it from the receiving device to the end of the berth decreases.

It provides the possibility of curtailing, transportation to a new place and subsequent deployment.

The berth allows to ensure the safe operation of watercraft for a wider range of their dimensions, with a higher probability of their seasonal operation.

Claims (1)

A floating berth containing a receiving part in the form of a capture of an alternating solution, characterized in that it is compactly folding, consisting of two flexibly connected floating units: a limited-rigid and an inflatable link in the form of a multi-chamber alternating solution of a receiving part with a central arrangement of executive-power pneumatic chambers moreover, the ends of the inflatable link are equipped with ballast chambers of flooding and ascent, coated with a polymeric material with specified properties of frictional and antifriction manifestations, at The inflatable berth link has the ability to cover and softly fix a seaplane or a vessel with an axis fastening to a limited-rigid link, and across to an inflatable link bearing on its upper surface a folding deck with a guard rail made of a polymer material with perforation and anti-slip coating .

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