DK2474065T3 - Fremgangsmåde til generering af en gas, der kan anvendes til opstart og nedlukning af en brændselscelle - Google Patents

Fremgangsmåde til generering af en gas, der kan anvendes til opstart og nedlukning af en brændselscelle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
DK2474065T3
DK2474065T3 DK10814564.0T DK10814564T DK2474065T3 DK 2474065 T3 DK2474065 T3 DK 2474065T3 DK 10814564 T DK10814564 T DK 10814564T DK 2474065 T3 DK2474065 T3 DK 2474065T3
Authority
DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
reducing gas
fuel cell
feed mixture
fuel
content
Prior art date
Application number
DK10814564.0T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Vincent Scotto
Daniel P Birmingham
Crispin L Debellis
Mark Anthony Perna
Gregory C Rush
Original Assignee
Lg Fuel Cell Systems Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lg Fuel Cell Systems Inc filed Critical Lg Fuel Cell Systems Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DK2474065T3 publication Critical patent/DK2474065T3/da

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
    • C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
    • C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
    • C01B13/0251—Physical processing only by making use of membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/04—Purification or separation of nitrogen
    • C01B21/0405—Purification or separation processes
    • C01B21/0433—Physical processing only
    • C01B21/0438—Physical processing only by making use of membranes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
    • H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
    • H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • H01M8/04738—Temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
    • C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. DK/EP 2474065 T3 -1- FREMGANGSMÅDE TIL GENERERING AF EN GAS, DER KAN ANVENDES TIL OPSTART OG NEDLUKNING AFEN BRÆNDSELSCELLE VTENTKRAV Fremgangsmåde til opstart og nedlukning af en brændselscelle (12) ved anvendelse af en iuktionsgasgenerator (14), hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter: modtagelse af luft i et luftindtag (48) til en reduktionsgasgenerator; generering af en strøm af oxideringsmiddel med lavt oxygen- (02) indhold med et oxygenindhold, r er mindre end indholdet i atmosfærisk luft under samme tryk- og temperaturforhold, ved anvendelse af indst delvist luft modtaget fra luftindtaget; initiering af strømning af en strøm af carbonhydridbrændsel i reduktionsgasgeneratoren; kombinering strømmen af carbonhydridbrændsel med strømmen af oxideringsmiddel med lavt 02-ihold for at opnå en tilførselsblanding; dirigering af tilførselsblandingen til en katalysator (36); katalytisk omdannelse af tilførselsblandingen til en reduktionsgas; dirigering af reduktionsgassen til mindst én af en anode (20) og en reformeringsanordning (26) for ændselscellen; og initiering af én af: en overgang af brændselscellen til en strømproduktionsfunktion og en overgang af brændselscellen fra strømproduktionsfunktionen. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, hvor overgangen af brændselscellen (12) til ømproduktionsfunktionen indbefatter tilførsel af strømme af et primært brændsel og et primært ideringsmiddel til brændselscellen; og hvor overgangen af brændselscellen fra ømproduktionsfunktionen indbefatter afbrydelse af strømmene af det primære brændsel og det primære ideringsmiddel til brændselscellen. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, hvilken fremgangsmåde endvidere omfatter generering af en xogenrig strøm fra luften modtaget fra luftindtaget (48), hvor den nitrogenrige strøm danner mindst en del strømmen af oxideringsmiddel med lavt oxygen- (02) indhold. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, hvilken fremgangsmåde endvidere omfatter opretholdelse af en lgt styretemperatur ved uafhængigt at variere både 02-indholdet i strømmen af oxideringsmiddel og rholdet mellem oxideringsmiddel/brændstof i tilførselsblandingen. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 4, hvilken fremgangsmåde endvidere omfatter styring af den valgte /retemperatur baseret på et detekteret 02-indhold i mindst én af strømmen af oxideringsmiddel og førselsblandingen. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 4, hvilken fremgangsmåde endvidere omfatter styring af en ømningshastighed for tilførselsblandingen under opretholdelse af den valgte styretemperatur ved at riere både 02-indholdet af strømmen af oxideringsmiddel og forholdet mellem ideringsmiddel/brændstof i tilførselsblandingen. DK/EP 2474065 T3 -2-
  2. 7. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 4, hvilken fremgangsmåde endvidere omfatter selektiv variation af reduktionsgassens indhold af brændbare stoffer.
  3. 8. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 7, hvilken fremgangsmåde endvidere omfatter selektiv variation af reduktionsgassens indhold af brændbare stoffer, mens den valgte styretemperatur opretholdes baseret på et 5 detekteret 02-indhold i mindst ét/én af oxideringsmidlet og tilførselsblandingen.
  4. 9. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 7, hvilken fremgangsmåde endvidere omfatter styring af en strømningshastighed for tilførselsblandingen, mens den selektive variation af reduktionsgassens indhold af brændbare stoffer foretages, mens den valgte styretemperatur opretholdes.
  5. 10. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, hvor reduktionsgassen fra starten produceres som en sikker gas, der 10 dirigeres til brændselscellen (12) under brændselscellens overgang til strømproduktionsfunktionen, hvilken fremgangsmåde endvidere omfatter en forøgelse af reduktionsgassens reduktionsstyrke ved at øge reduktionsgassens indhold af brændbare stoffer.
  6. 11. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, hvilken fremgangsmåde endvidere omfatter: generering af en nitrogenrig strøm fra luften modtaget fra luftindtaget (48); og 15 dirigering af mindst noget af den nitrogenrige strøm for at rense en komponent, der er forbundet med en brændselscelle (12).
  7. 12. Fremgangsmåde til nedlukning af en brændselscelle (12), hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter: modtagelse en kommando om nedlukning af brændselscellen fra strømproduktionsfunktionen; modtagelse af luft fra et luftindtag (48); 20 generering af en nitrogenrig gasstrøm ved at ekstrahere oxygen (02) fra luften modtaget fra luftindtaget; initiering af en strøm af en strøm af carbonhydridbrændsel som reaktion på kommandoen; kombinering af strømmen af carbonhydridbrændsel med den nitrogenrige gasstrøm for at opnå en tilførselsblanding; 25 dirigering af tilførselsblandingen til mindst én af en opvarmer (74), en katalysator (36) og en indgang til katalysatoren, hvor den mindst ene af opvarmeren, katalysatoren og indgangen til katalysatoren er opvarmet til en foropvarmningstemperatur valgt til katalytisk selvantændelse af tilførselsblandingen; omdannelse af tilførselsblandingen til en reduktionsgas ved anvendelse af katalysatoren; og dirigering af reduktionsgassen til mindst én af en anode (20) og en reformeringsanordning (26) for 30 brændselscellen.
  8. 13. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 12, hvilken fremgangsmåde endvidere omfatter opretholdelse af den mindst ene af opvarmeren, katalysatoren og indgangen til katalysatoren ved den foropvarmningstemperatur, der er valgt til katalytisk selvantændelse af tilførselsblandingen under brændselscelledrift i strømproduktionsfunktion forud for modtagelse af kommandoen om nedlukning af brændselscellen.
DK10814564.0T 2009-09-04 2010-09-03 Fremgangsmåde til generering af en gas, der kan anvendes til opstart og nedlukning af en brændselscelle DK2474065T3 (da)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/554,039 US8597841B2 (en) 2009-09-04 2009-09-04 Method for generating a gas which may be used for startup and shutdown of a fuel cell
PCT/US2010/047831 WO2011029014A1 (en) 2009-09-04 2010-09-03 Method for generating a gas which may be used for startup and shutdown of a fuel cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK2474065T3 true DK2474065T3 (da) 2015-06-29

Family

ID=43648042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DK10814564.0T DK2474065T3 (da) 2009-09-04 2010-09-03 Fremgangsmåde til generering af en gas, der kan anvendes til opstart og nedlukning af en brændselscelle

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US8597841B2 (da)
EP (2) EP2930775B1 (da)
KR (2) KR101906090B1 (da)
AU (2) AU2010289372B2 (da)
CA (2) CA2854397C (da)
DK (1) DK2474065T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2540094T3 (da)
WO (1) WO2011029014A1 (da)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9140220B2 (en) * 2011-06-30 2015-09-22 Lg Fuel Cell Systems Inc. Engine systems and methods of operating an engine
US10100741B2 (en) * 2012-11-02 2018-10-16 General Electric Company System and method for diffusion combustion with oxidant-diluent mixing in a stoichiometric exhaust gas recirculation gas turbine system
US10233809B2 (en) 2014-09-16 2019-03-19 Southwest Research Institute Apparatus and methods for exhaust gas recirculation for an internal combustion engine powered by a hydrocarbon fuel
US10125726B2 (en) * 2015-02-25 2018-11-13 Southwest Research Institute Apparatus and methods for exhaust gas recirculation for an internal combustion engine utilizing at least two hydrocarbon fuels
US9797349B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2017-10-24 Southwest Research Institute Combined steam reformation reactions and water gas shift reactions for on-board hydrogen production in an internal combustion engine
US9874193B2 (en) 2016-06-16 2018-01-23 Southwest Research Institute Dedicated exhaust gas recirculation engine fueling control
JP6776794B2 (ja) * 2016-10-13 2020-10-28 三浦工業株式会社 燃料電池システム
US10495035B2 (en) 2017-02-07 2019-12-03 Southwest Research Institute Dedicated exhaust gas recirculation configuration for reduced EGR and fresh air backflow
CN106935887B (zh) * 2017-03-08 2019-06-14 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆的启动方法
JP7247798B2 (ja) * 2019-07-16 2023-03-29 株式会社豊田自動織機 改質システム
DE102019210870A1 (de) * 2019-07-23 2021-01-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung zu einer Versorgung zumindest einer Brennstoffzelleneinheit mit Arbeitsfluiden
CN111342085A (zh) * 2020-02-20 2020-06-26 浙江锋源氢能科技有限公司 燃料电池低温冷启动组件、燃料电池控制系统及控制方法
DE102022204336A1 (de) 2022-05-03 2023-11-09 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellensystems, Steuergerät

Family Cites Families (60)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4003345A (en) 1974-04-01 1977-01-18 Bradley Curtis E Fuel regenerated non-polluting internal combustion engine
JPS51138223A (en) * 1975-05-27 1976-11-29 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Gas generator
NL7903426A (nl) 1979-05-02 1980-11-04 Electrochem Energieconversie Werkwijze voor het bedrijven van een brandstofcel.
US4522894A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-06-11 Engelhard Corporation Fuel cell electric power production
US4676805A (en) * 1983-05-31 1987-06-30 Texaco Inc. Process for operating a gas generator
US5041195A (en) * 1988-11-17 1991-08-20 Physical Sciences Inc. Gold electrocatalyst, methods for preparing it, electrodes prepared therefrom and methods of using them
US5133842A (en) * 1988-11-17 1992-07-28 Physical Sciences, Inc. Electrochemical cell having electrode comprising gold containing electrocatalyst
EP0550892B1 (en) * 1991-12-24 1996-09-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Power generation plant including fuel cell
US5364476A (en) * 1993-11-08 1994-11-15 Surface Combustion, Inc. Industrial variable carbon potential gas generator
US5354763A (en) 1993-11-17 1994-10-11 American Home Products Corporation Substituted N-heteroaryl and N-aryl-1,2-diaminocyclobutene-3,4-diones
US5457963A (en) * 1994-06-15 1995-10-17 Carrier Corporation Controlled atmosphere system for a refrigerated container
US5680764A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-10-28 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Clean air engines transportation and other power applications
US5678526A (en) * 1996-08-09 1997-10-21 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. System and diagnostic method for providing internal combustion engine with oxygen enriched air
US5938800A (en) * 1997-11-13 1999-08-17 Mcdermott Technology, Inc. Compact multi-fuel steam reformer
US5928805A (en) * 1997-11-20 1999-07-27 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Cover and startup gas supply system for solid oxide fuel cell generator
JPH11191426A (ja) * 1997-12-26 1999-07-13 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 燃料電池発電システム
US6077490A (en) * 1999-03-18 2000-06-20 Mcdermott Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for filtering hot syngas
US6326095B1 (en) * 1999-12-13 2001-12-04 Sofco L.P. Integrated manifold/reformer for fuel cell systems
WO2001068526A1 (fr) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-20 Sony Corporation Materiau carbone destine au stockage d'hydrogene et procede de preparation, materiau carbone contenant de l'hydrogene absorbe et procede de preparation, element de pile et pile a combustible utilisant du materiau carbone contenant de l'hydrogene absorbe
US6397790B1 (en) * 2000-04-03 2002-06-04 R. Kirk Collier, Jr. Octane enhanced natural gas for internal combustion engine
US6562496B2 (en) * 2000-05-01 2003-05-13 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Integrated solid oxide fuel cell mechanization and method of using for transportation industry applications
JP2002034102A (ja) * 2000-07-14 2002-01-31 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 燃料電池車両と同車両用改質器の停止方法
US6939517B2 (en) * 2000-07-25 2005-09-06 Toshiaki Ooe Nitrogen oxide reducing system for diesel engine and nitrogen gas generating device
JP2002110207A (ja) 2000-10-03 2002-04-12 Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp 燃料電池システムおよびその運転方法
WO2002042628A2 (en) 2000-10-27 2002-05-30 Questair Technologies, Inc. Feed composition modification for internal combustion engines
CA2324533A1 (en) * 2000-10-27 2002-04-27 Carl Hunter Oxygen enrichment in diesel engines
US6767376B1 (en) * 2000-11-10 2004-07-27 Sofco-Efs Holdings, L.L.C. Selectively controllable modular auto-thermal reformer and method for same
US20020102443A1 (en) * 2001-01-25 2002-08-01 Deliang Yang Procedure for shutting down a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop
US6680136B2 (en) * 2001-01-25 2004-01-20 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Gas containment/control valve for a solid oxide fuel cell
JP2002231293A (ja) * 2001-01-31 2002-08-16 Toshiba Corp 燃料電池システムのパージ装置およびその方法
CA2686279C (en) * 2001-06-11 2013-04-02 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Production method for an electrode structure for a solid polymer fuel cell
US6588379B2 (en) * 2001-08-06 2003-07-08 Bwx Technologies, Inc. Multi-stream energy source steam generator system
US6612830B2 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-09-02 Precision Combustion, Inc. Anode gas burner for inert gas generation, method and apparatus
US6645650B2 (en) * 2001-10-11 2003-11-11 Utc Fuel Cells, Llc Procedure for purging a fuel cell system with inert gas made from organic fuel
US6811907B1 (en) * 2001-12-08 2004-11-02 Nanoset, Llc Fuel processor
AUPS193402A0 (en) * 2002-04-23 2002-05-30 Ceramic Fuel Cells Limited Method of operating a fuel cell
US6739289B2 (en) * 2002-04-26 2004-05-25 Caterpillar Inc Method and apparatus for providing a hydrogen enriched fuel to combustion prechamber
US6881508B2 (en) * 2002-05-30 2005-04-19 Plug Power, Inc. Apparatus and method for controlling a fuel cell system
US6855453B2 (en) * 2002-12-30 2005-02-15 Utc Fuel Cells, Llc Fuel cell having a corrosion resistant and protected cathode catalyst layer
KR101248254B1 (ko) * 2004-07-20 2013-03-27 폴 슈레 앙스띠뛰 전기 생산 장치
US7510793B2 (en) * 2004-08-05 2009-03-31 Rolls-Royce Fuel Cell Systems (Us) Inc. Post-reformer treatment of reformate gas
JP4907861B2 (ja) * 2004-11-17 2012-04-04 東芝燃料電池システム株式会社 燃料電池発電システムとその停止保管方法、停止保管プログラム
WO2006090685A1 (ja) 2005-02-22 2006-08-31 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation 固体酸化物形燃料電池およびその運転方法
GB0504755D0 (en) * 2005-03-08 2005-04-13 Rolls Royce Fuel Cell Systems A fuel processor for a fuel cell arrangement and a method of operating a fuel processor for a fuel cell arrangement
CA2614616C (en) * 2005-07-08 2016-10-18 Phyre Technologies, Inc. Catalytic reactive component reduction system and methods for the use thereof
US7201127B2 (en) 2005-07-14 2007-04-10 Caterpillar Inc Internal combustion engine start-up operating mode and engine using same
KR100762685B1 (ko) * 2005-11-10 2007-10-04 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 개질기 및 이를 채용한 연료전지 시스템
JP4458036B2 (ja) * 2005-12-15 2010-04-28 日産自動車株式会社 副室式エンジン
JP5065605B2 (ja) * 2006-03-02 2012-11-07 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 水素製造装置および燃料電池システム並びにその運転方法
WO2008030394A2 (en) * 2006-09-06 2008-03-13 Bloom Energy Corporation Flexible fuel cell system configuration to handle multiple fuels
US8445145B2 (en) * 2006-09-22 2013-05-21 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Stack shutdown purge method
US7467621B2 (en) * 2006-10-31 2008-12-23 Caterpillar Inc. Engine and method for operating an engine
US20080118798A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Gallagher Emerson R Fuel cell system apparatus
WO2008091801A2 (en) 2007-01-22 2008-07-31 Rolls-Royce Fuel Cell Systems Inc. Multistage combustor and method for starting a fuel cell system
US20100062298A1 (en) 2007-01-31 2010-03-11 Jeroen Valensa Fuel cell and method of operating the same
US7883555B2 (en) * 2008-01-16 2011-02-08 Penman Robert R Fuel reforming process for internal combustion engines
US8371118B2 (en) * 2009-07-07 2013-02-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Oxidant injection to reduce turbo lag
US8668752B2 (en) * 2009-09-04 2014-03-11 Rolls-Royce Fuel Cell Systems (Us) Inc. Apparatus for generating a gas which may be used for startup and shutdown of a fuel cell
US9083020B2 (en) * 2009-09-04 2015-07-14 Lg Fuel Cell Systems Inc. Reducing gas generators and methods for generating reducing gas
US9178235B2 (en) * 2009-09-04 2015-11-03 Lg Fuel Cell Systems, Inc. Reducing gas generators and methods for generating a reducing gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2015201891A1 (en) 2015-04-30
CA2854397A1 (en) 2011-03-10
EP2930775A1 (en) 2015-10-14
US20110059376A1 (en) 2011-03-10
EP2474065A4 (en) 2014-01-01
WO2011029014A1 (en) 2011-03-10
CA2773114C (en) 2015-03-31
US20130068999A1 (en) 2013-03-21
KR101906090B1 (ko) 2018-10-08
KR101795083B1 (ko) 2017-11-07
ES2540094T3 (es) 2015-07-08
CA2773114A1 (en) 2011-03-10
US8557458B2 (en) 2013-10-15
AU2015201891B2 (en) 2017-10-26
EP2474065A1 (en) 2012-07-11
AU2010289372A1 (en) 2012-03-29
KR20120068012A (ko) 2012-06-26
AU2010289372B2 (en) 2015-01-15
EP2474065B1 (en) 2015-03-25
KR20170121304A (ko) 2017-11-01
US8597841B2 (en) 2013-12-03
EP2930775B1 (en) 2018-08-08
CA2854397C (en) 2016-11-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2474067B1 (en) Apparatus for generating a gas which may be used for startup and shutdown of a fuel cell
AU2016203437B2 (en) Reducing gas generators and methods for generating reducing gas
DK2474065T3 (da) Fremgangsmåde til generering af en gas, der kan anvendes til opstart og nedlukning af en brændselscelle
AU2012275547B2 (en) Reducing gas generators and methods for generating a reducing gas
EP2726188A1 (en) Engine systems and methods of operating an engine
AU2015218430A1 (en) Apparatus for generating a gas which may be used for startup and shutdown of a fuel cell