DK2435641T3 - SYSTEM FOR building insulation from the outside - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a system for insulating, from the outside, non-industrial or industrial buildings with stone or brick walls, or with solid or lightweight concrete walls, or with wood frames, etc.

The issue is that of thermally and/or acoustically insulating the faipades of buildings which may rise to several stories.

In a first known system, the insulation is made up of rigid panels of mineral wool, generally rock wool, or of organic foam, generally expanded polystyrene.

These panels are bonded to the exterior wall of the building that is to be insulated and are generally supplemented by isolated mechanical retention elements of the expanding wall anchor type, especially in the case of very tall walls or in areas subjected to violent winds.

The insulating panels are then covered with an organic or mineral finishing render, usually reinforced with an alkali-resistant fiber glass mesh.

In this system, the panels need to be rigid because it is they which give the facade coating its mechanical properties. Acceptable resistance to the pressure/depression forces due to the wind is obtained by the bonding and by the mechanical retention means. However, the surface is still open to damage by indentation or puncturing in the event of a foreign body impacting on the thin surface coat of render.

Organic foam panels also have the disadvantage of being relatively impervious to water vapor and therefore do not allow water vapor to diffuse efficiently through the wall.

In general, attachment by bonding is disadvantageous when undertaking renovation work because it requires a wall with flatness defects of within a few mm per meter. When the surface that is to be insulated is very imperfect, preliminary repairs are needed, and this is extensive in terms of time and of material.

In another known system, the insulation is contained between framework elements fixed to the wall that is to be insulated, which elements may be made of wood or of metal, and an external cladding is attached using a bearing structure which, at the rear of the cladding, defines a space containing an air gap connected to the outside.

This construction avoids the risks of condensation and of the build-up of moisture within the fa9ade, leading to a drop in thermal insulation properties, encouraging the growth of microorganisms, moss or fungi. This is of particular relevance to the wooden framework because wood carries the risk of degrading under the effect of moisture.

The disadvantage with ventilated fagadcs lies in the complexity of creating them, particularly at individual spots on the fafade (around doors, windows, etc). In addition, in the event of a fire, the fafade ventilation encourages the fire to spread to the floors above (through the updraft effect).

In most ventilated fagadcs, lugs or other metal accessories (galvanized steel or aluminum) are used to hold the framework together. These accessories contribute to the mechanical strength of the fafade, and the number of them is generally determined according to the various external loading conditions that it has to withstand.

Application DE 101 49 664 A1 discloses a bracket with all the features of the preamble of Claim 7.

The present invention has set itself the goal of researching new mounting solutions that will allow the overall energy performance of the facade to be improved.

Thus, it seemed to the inventors that these lugs have the disadvantage of forming thermal bridges in the fa9ade, the influence of which bridges may be considerable, to the extent that they may give rise to 15 to 30% insulation losses, depending on the target thermal resistance. At the present time, there are no mechanically stable, easy-to-use building fa9ade fixing lugs on the market which are also capable of withstanding fire and which make it possible to effectively reduce the negative influence that the framework attached to the fa9ade has on the level of insulation.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a system for insulating from the outside which is reliable and quick to fix to the wall, and in particular does not require the elements of the insulation to be bonded on.

Another object of the invention is to devise a system for insulating from the outside which is compact and lightweight, this simultaneously making it easier to fix to the wall and making it transportable in compact form such as in rolls. This system can be installed on walls with significant surface irregularities, of up to a few centimeters, without requiring the wall to be repaired beforehand.

Finally, this system for insulating from the outside allows the construction to dry out from the inside and from the outside, i.e. is compatible with the natural tendency that blockwork walls have of absorbing and releasing moisture according to the season, without an air gap being required (compact system). This last feature, when combined with the use of mineral wool, limits the spread of fire in the event of a fire on the faqade, and guarantees good fire resistance.

These objects are achieved by the invention the subject of which is a system for insulating buildings from the outside, comprising the features of Claim 7.

This system is notable in that the brackets, in addition to their mechanical role, have thermal break properties which are achieved by virtue of the use in their makeup of a material with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.5 W/m.K.

It also meets an energy efficiency requirement while at the same time affording advantages of a logistic or handling nature because it does not call upon the use of additional components to perform a further function.

The thermal conductivity of the material of the brackets is notably at least 0.1 W/m.K.

This system for fixing to a framework requires no adhesive. It is particularly effective using insulating elements based on insulating wool which is capable of absorbing moisture and then of releasing it over the course of the seasons, without that adversely affecting its nature and integrity or its insulating functionality. This wool may be mineral, organic or vegetable, natural or synthetic wool, notably glass wool, rock wool, hemp, wood wool, flax, cellulose wadding, etc. It must be noted that the system can also accept cellular or expanded insulators such as organic or inorganic foams, such as expanded or extruded polystyrene, polyurethanes, polyisocyanurates, phenolic foams, glass foam, etc.

This system is also compact because the sheets of cladding can be fixed to the section pieces without an air gap appearing in the system.

Insulating wool of relatively low density, advantageously glass wool, can be used, as will be seen in greater detail later. This insulating wool is available in a compacted form, in rolls that can easily be transported. In addition, this insulator is not rigid but rather compressible, making it easy to lay wires, trunking, cables, pipes or ducting through the insulation. Having unrolled the roll, the insulating wool can be laid in the form of widths.

The sheets of cladding are also available in small sizes, for example 2500 x 1200 x 12.5 mm, at which sizes they too are easy to transport.

Within the meaning of the invention, a “bracket” means a means capable over a period of tens of years, of ensuring the mechanical stability of the framework of a fagade.

The brackets need to have sufficient mechanical strength and rigidity so that they can withstand the weight of the fa9ade, resist pressure/depression cycles due to the action of the wind, and if appropriate, absorb the permissible deformations of the fagade components (due to expansion, impact). According to the invention, they may be made of reinforced plastic or the equivalent, and may even and preferably be non-flammable.

Within the meaning of the invention, “held by” is to be understood in the usual way as meaning “fixed by or via” but must also be understood as meaning “held in place by”. This applies both to the section pieces which are mechanically connected to the brackets with respect to moisture, and to the insulating elements which come into contact with the brackets and the position of which is laterally limited by the latter.

The section pieces that form the framework of the fagadc are held by the brackets. They may be made of metal, reinforced plastic, or wood.

Although the insulating system of the invention is preferably without an air gap, in which case the sheets of cladding and the finishing components that cover them have to be breathable with respect to moisture, if an air gap were present this would not constitute a departure from the scope of the invention.

It is particularly practical, according to the invention, to fix the section pieces against which the sheets of cladding bear some adjustable distance away from the wall that is to be insulated. In this way, any surface irregularities of this wall are compensated.

Positioning the section pieces vertically is advantageous in the case of ventilated fa9ades, so as to allow there to be a continuous air gap over the entire fa9ade, between the section pieces.

Said substantially flat first part of the brackets is of course intended to be brought into register with the substantially flat surface of the wall that is to be insulated, notably in a substantially vertical plane.

The second part of the brackets, to which part the section pieces are fixed, is inscribed in any plane not parallel to the wall that is to be insulated, and preferably in a substantially perpendicular plane. This may notably be horizontal, and then additionally serve to support the insulating wool, making it possible to dispense with the use of wall anchors, and thus reduce installation costs. However, it is preferably positioned vertically. A first part of a section piece is then conveniently brought partially into register with such a vertical second bracket part, onto which it is slid until it is the desired distance away from the wall, and then fixed using any means.

All the fixings mentioned here, whether these be the fixing of the brackets to the wall that is to be insulated, or of the section pieces to the brackets, or of the sheets of cladding to the section pieces, are performed using screws or equivalent (rivets, studs) notably, in the first instance, combined with anchors introduced into the wall.

According to the foregoing, the brackets are advantageously substantially L-shaped.

Advantageously, the brackets comprise a reinforcement of the connection between said first and said second flat parts. This reinforcement is such as durably to bear and sustain the vertical or lateral loadings applied by the insulating system.

According to a first configuration, this reinforcement consists of a third flat part connecting said first and second ones and dividing them into two parallel straight-line segments.

According to a second configuration, this reinforcement consists of a third flat part perpendicular to said first and second ones.

According to a third configuration, this reinforcement consists of an addition of material such as an additional thickness, located in the area where the said first and said second flat parts join or intersect. Particularly in the case of an L-shaped bracket, the additional thickness may be created in the comer part through the fact that the thickness of the component along the bisector of the angle is greater than the thickness of each of the flat parts on each side of the comer.

For preference, the second part of the brackets is doubled, forming a slit intended to accept at least an end fraction of the first part of the section pieces. This doubled part of the bracket may be doubly pre-drilled to accept the means of fixing the section piece, such as screws or the equivalent. It may also be formed in such a way as to clamp the fraction of section piece housed in the slit. To do this, the width of the slit may be designed to be only very slightly (of the order of a few tenths of a millimeter) greater than the thickness of the first part of section piece intended to be housed in the slit. A maximum lateral clearance of 1 to 2 tenths of a millimeter on each side of the section piece in the slit is considered to be enough to allow the section piece to be inserted and its position adjusted. This clearance is preferably reduced to zero at the free edge of the bracket, so as to achieve the clamping mentioned above.

In one particular instance, the entire flat part of the bracket is in the shape of a plate split into two at one end.

This slit preferably describes a line of symmetry of the free end of the second part of the brackets. Such a configuration guarantees better mechanical properties.

The section pieces are advantageously fixed to the brackets using three aligned holes formed in the two walls of said slit on the one hand, and in said first part of the section pieces on the other, respectively, and which accept the fixing means (screw, stud). This system gives the most secure fastening.

For preference, the brackets of the invention have a minimum shear strength (representative, in the installed state, of the ability to withstand the vertical weight borne by the bracket) of 700 N, particularly of 800 to 1400 N, and a minimum tensile strength (representative, in the installed state, of the ability to withstand the pressure forces due to the wind and transmitted by the fa?ade to the bracket) of 2000 N, particularly of 3000 to 3500 N.

Mechanical tests performed on an Instron 1185 machine at a rate of 4000 N/min yield : 1) in shear : a displacement of less than 3 mm for an applied force of 730 N; shear corresponding to a displacement of 1.5 mm for an applied force of 760 N; 2) in tension: the test piece ruptures upon application of a force not less than 4000 N.

According to the invention, said brackets are made of a material with a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W/m.K at most. They therefore constitute effective thermal breaks between the wall that is to be insulated and the new facade consisting of the section pieces and the sheets.

For preference, the brackets are made of a material that does not contribute to sustaining fire and has at least five minutes’ resistance to direct exposure to fire (no appreciable degradation after five minutes in the flame of a Bunsen burner). In the event of a fire, the temperature can rise from 20 to 1200 °C in ten minutes. This being the case, the brackets according to the invention have a mechanical integrity that is guaranteed for at least fifteen minutes from the outbreak of the fire.

When subjected to a 30 kW fire (standard EN 13501), the brackets are still in perfect condition after one minute, and after five minutes do not exhibit any appreciable deterioration from a mechanical standpoint.

The entire fa$ade (brackets + section pieces + sheets + render) has at least one hour of fire resistance.

This material is preferably chosen from an epoxy resin, polyester such as isophthalic, vinyl ester, polyimide, phenolic, polyetheretherketone, polyaryletherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylsulfone, polyethersulfone, silicone, phthalonitrile resin, alone or in mixtures of several of these resins, notably filled with glass, aramid or carbon fibers, or with additives such as fire retardants.

In order to obtain the brackets, this material can be worked notably using extrusion, pultrusion, etc.

The abovementioned fibers mechanically strengthen the material.

The all-plastic/resin bracket incorporates into a single component the mechanical and thermal (thermal break) functions.

It reduces the risks of corrosion at the fixing screws used to secure the fa?ade (specifically, were the bracket made of metal, contact between two different metals is likely to initiate and accelerate corrosion thereof). According to the present preferred embodiment on the other hand, any material can be chosen for the screws.

In one preferred embodiment, the bracket has, at least near one of its surfaces, a structure with fibers directed mainly parallel to said surface, notably derived from a mat or web of fibers impregnated with synthetic resin. These fibers, which are at least a few centimeters long, can be introduced into the composite in the form of a web or mat preimpregnated with a resin that is the same as or different than the resin used to make the bracket. This structure is preferably present over the entire periphery of the component. This embodiment gives the bracket an (at least partially) surface-clad structure which is very good for the mechanical strength of the brackets and of the system and for the dimensional stability thereof. For preference, this structure extends from one face of the bracket over a distance of the order of 1/10 of the thickness of the corresponding flat part.

The remaining part of the bracket is advantageously reinforced with fibers that are generally shorter than those in the surface structure, typically a few millimeters long.

Such a bracket can be obtained by the pultrusion technique which allows a mat or any other two-dimensional or three-dimensional form to be introduced into a die while the die is at the same time being supplied with resin or plastic composition with which to impregnate and/or coat the reinforcing element or elements.

The brackets are engineered to withstand being pulled out by the strongest winds (2.1 kPa, including the factor of safety of 1.75, with a maximum deformation of 3 mm) in accordance with standard NY 65 (the Euro code for wind) and shear loadings due to the weight of the fa9ade of up to 60 kg/m2 of fa9ade. The solutions according to the present invention have a weight of 18 kg/m2 to 30 kg/m2 of fa9ade. It is emphasized that the shear strength of the brackets as defined hereinabove is in relation to the weight of the surface area of fa9ade borne by a single bracket (and is therefore dependent on the distribution of brackets over the fa9ade).

The insulating elements are advantageously based on mineral wool which has a density of between 7 and 100 kg/m3, notably of at most 50 kg/m3, and notably of between 7 and 50 kg/m3 or 7 and 40 kg/m3, for example of the order of 10 to 30 kg/m3. It is a thermally and acoustically insulating product. As mentioned earlier, it also allows the construction to dry out and is capable of absorbing and of releasing moisture to a certain extent without this in any way affecting it.

Advantageously, the insulator has a thermal conductivity (λ) of the order of 30 to 40 mW/m.K, preferably 30 to 35 mW/m.K.

This product is also lightweight, compressible and notably transportable in compact form (rolls, etc). Particular preference is accorded to glass wool.

The section pieces of the insulating system are T-sections or L-sections in which: a leg part is intended to be fixed bearing against a part on a flat part of a bracket, some adjustable distance from a wall that is to be insulated, and a top part constitutes a flat surface for bearing against a sheet of cladding; the top part comprises one or two turned-back flanges.

The T-section or L-section comprises one or two turned-back flanges, so as to hold the insulating wool in position without the need to use wall anchors.

The sheets of cladding are preferably chosen from sheets of plasterboard, cement board, or ribbed expanded metal, metal mesh or the equivalent coated with a thick render in all instances or with a thick or thin render in the case of sheets of plasterboard or cement board.

For example they consist of sheets of a mineral material resistant to moisture or designed for use in damp environments, particularly in accordance with classification HI. They may notably be based on a hydraulic binder such as plaster and/or cement and possibly contain fillers and/or reinforcements, notably made of synthetic material in the form of beads (polystyrene, expanded clay, etc), fibers, etc.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, they are essentially formed of lightweight vapor-permeable sheets. Products that are essentially based on mineral materials including gypsum can be used for this purpose. These are available in sizes of 2500 x 1200 x 12.5 mm which are notably advantageous for transport. To finish the fa9ade, a basic coating, a reinforcing mesh and then covered with a finished render can be applied in the known way to the sheets of cladding.

Examples of products that can be used according to the invention are available within the Saint-Gobain group: these notably include sheets of plasterboard marketed by the company Gyproc under the registered trade name GlasRoc, or sheets of cement board marketed by the company Gyproc under the registered trade name Placocem.

According to another preferred embodiment, the sheets of cladding consist of a sheet of ribbed expanded metal coated with a thick (> 10 mm) layer of render applied in two successive coats. One example of ribbed expanded metal is marketed by the company Chabanne Båtiment under the registered trade name Nerplac. The thick render may be made of cement, be breathable (with respect to moisture) due to the fact that its porosity is high.

The bracket comprises a flat first part for bearing against and fixing to a wall that is to be insulated, and a flat second part perpendicular to the first and for bearing against, holding and fixing, some adjustable distance away from said wall, section pieces, which bracket is essentially made of a material with a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W/m.K at most.

Moreover, this bracket: it is made of a material that does not contribute to sustaining fire and has at least five minutes’ resistance to direct exposure to fire (no appreciable mechanical deterioration upon exposure to a 30kW fire for this length of time); it is made of a resin chosen from an epoxy resin, polyester such as isophthalic, vinyl ester, polyimide, phenolic, polyetheretherketone, polyaryletherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylsulfone, polyethersulfone, silicone, phthalonitrile resin, alone or in mixtures of several of these resins, notably filled with glass, aramid or carbon fibers, or with additives such as fire retardants; it is made of a fiber-reinforced resin composite and has, at least near one surface, a structure with fibers directed mainly parallel to said surface, notably derived from a mat or web of fibers impregnated with resin; the flat second part is doubled, forming a slit notably describing a line of symmetry of the free end of the second part and intended to accept at least an end fraction of the first part of the section pieces.

The invention will be better understood from the attached drawings in which: figure 1 is an overall perspective depiction of the insulating system of the invention seen “from the inside” that is to say seen from the wall that is to be insulated; figure 2 is a schematic depiction viewed from above in cross section of the insulating system of the invention on a damaged wall.

The thermal and acoustic insulation of an exterior wall, not depicted in figure 1, essentially comprises a mat of glass wool 1 and sheets of mineral cladding 2. The glass wool 1 has a density of 23.5 kg/m3. The mat is available in rolls 1200 mm long (the breadth of one width). Once unrolled and decompressed, the mat comes in various thicknesses, notably 50, 80, 100, 120 and 140 mm.

The sheets of mineral cladding 2, marketed under the registered trade name GlasRoc by the company Gyproc, have the dimensions 2500 x 1200 x 12.5 mm ; their mass per unit area is 9 kg/m2. They preferably have a water-resistant core covered on each side with reinforcing mats of glass embedded in a layer of polymer-modified plaster, itself covered on each side with an adhered acrylic coating. Sheets of plasterboard cladding known for this purpose are described in patents US 6 524 679 and WO 2007 004066.

These sheets are easy to cut and to use, are resistant to impact, to water but at the same time are vapor-permeable. They are good at tolerating moisture.

They do not contain any paper or starch which could encourage mould growth.

They have good fire resistance, and their dimensional stability in a wet environment is better than that of cement board panels, and they have a relatively high bending strength (rupture modulus in excess of 12 MPa). In addition, they are not friable unlike most fiber-reinforced cement board panels.

They are significantly lighter in weight than fiber cement board sheets of the same dimensions, the mass per unit area of which would be of the order of 13 to 14 kg/m2.

The sheets of cladding 2 are screwed to the metal section pieces 5, using screws made of galvanized metal and not depicted.

As mentioned earlier, the sheets of cladding 2 are covered adhesively with a basic coating, with a layer of fabric or mesh, and then a finished render.

The joints between the sheets of cladding are reinforced with mortar and with a reinforcing mesh around 10 cm wide.

It will be noted that the insulating system is advantageously mounted without an air gap, which means to say that the sheets 2 are applied directly against the exposed face of the insulating material 1. Likewise the rear face of the insulating material is applied directly against the wall that is to be insulated.

This construction is advantageous because of its simplicity; it also makes the envelope thus created very firm in as much as any distortions caused by impact on the sheets of cladding can be avoided or reduced.

All this is obtained without prejudice to the integrity of the materials thanks to the use of sheets of cladding that are vapor-permeable.

Nonetheless, a ventilated air gap may be installed by the end-user if he so wishes, or if ribbed expanded metal is being used with a thick coat of render, in place of the sheets of plasterboard or cement board. This is because a thick coat of render has low breathability.

In the embodiment depicted in the two figures, the insulation is supported and held mainly by the collaboration of two types of element: the brackets 3 and the metal section pieces 5.

The layout of the brackets and the number of them per square meter depends on the local wind loading, which a person skilled in the art can easily calculate. For the zones in Europe that experience the most violent winds, one bracket will, for example, be chosen every 1.50 m in height and for every 0.60 m in width. In a preferred embodiment, the spacing in the width direction will be reduced to 0.40 m in order to dispense with the use of wall anchors and therefore save laying time: the lightweight mineral wool is then directly held in place by the vertical uprights which are sufficiently closely spaced. For a better load distribution, the brackets are arranged in a staggered configuration, altering the wall fixing position on each side of the section piece, along the latter.

The brackets 3 are arranged every 1.20 m in the height direction and every 0.60 m in the width direction.

The brackets 3 have a shear strength of 700 N, and a tensile strength of 3000 N.

Each bracket 3 comprises a substantially flat first part 31 intended to be made to bear against a wall that is to be insulated, generally vertical, and a substantially flat second part 32 perpendicular to the first one 31 and positioned vertically.

It is L-shaped with a profile in the comer that is such that the quantity of material in this zone creates a thickness in the direction of the bisector of the angle that is greater than the thickness of the adjacent flat parts.

The bracket 3 is fixed to the wall by means of one or more screws or of a stud 7 or the equivalent (just one of which has been depicted), which can themselves be associated with anchor bolts introduced into the wall that is to be insulated.

The flat second part 32 of the bracket 3 is doubled to form a slit 34 intended to accept a leg part 51 of a vertical T-section 5. The shape of the slit 34 is tailored to that of the leg part 51 so that the penetration of the latter therein is adjustable, and so that this penetration is achieved with a certain resistance if appropriate, it then being possible for the slit 34 to be configured to accept the leg part 51 with clamping.

When the penetration has been set as desired, the leg part 51 of the T-section 5 is fixed to the bracket 3 using at least one screw 7, preferably two in order to avoid rotation.

The bracket 3 is made of glass-fiber reinforced isophthalic resin and is pultruded with a mat of long glass fibers (a few centimeters long) incorporated near its surface (from one edge of the slit to the edge of the other slit) over a thickness of around 1 to 2 millimeters, and short glass fibers in the mass of resin. The thicknesses of the various flat parts 31, 32 of the bracket 3 range between 5 and 15 mm, and are preferably of the order of 10 mm. Typically, the slit is made with a width of the order of 2 mm, with a clearance of 0.2 to 0.5 mm, this clearance being zero at the free edge of the bracket.

This is essentially a material that is difficult to combust (which complies with Class A2 or B of the European standards). This material has a thermal conductivity of 0.3 W/m.K which on the other hand makes the bracket a good thermal break.

The T-section 5 is made of metal.

The top part 52 of the T constitutes the flat surface for bearing against the sheets of cladding 2.

The sheets of plasterboard can thus be fixed to the section pieces by coming into contact with the surface of the insulator without creating an air gap.

The glass wool 1 is held in position by the tumed-back flanges 53 of the section piece 5.

The metal section piece 5 may also be an L-section, while at the same time maintaining most of the functionalities of the T-sections described above. An L-section is practical for delimiting all the openings : doors, bays, windows, etc.

In the case of a highly damaged wall (figure 2), the fixing of a traditional rigid insulator (polystyrene, dense rock wall, etc) would entail resurfacing the entire fa5ade in order to achieve an acceptable flatness.

This lengthy and expensive approach can be avoided here: a bracket 3a is fixed to the most prominent point of the fa$ade and the T-shaped metal section piece 5 a is made to penetrate the bracket 3 a to the maximum extent, the other brackets 3b are fixed to the wall 0 and the section pieces 5b are made to penetrate the brackets 3b to greater or lesser extents such that all the section pieces 5a, 5b lie perfectly flat, the sheets are then screwed to the section pieces and then covered with render.

In order easily to compensate for defects of several cm, a packing piece, not depicted, may be fixed under the brackets 3. The packing piece will preferably be a block of brick or concrete attached to the wall 0 using anchor bolts and/or by bonding it with mortar.

With reference to figures 1 and 2, it is neither excluded nor compulsory in the context of the invention for the mineral wool 1 to be fixed to the wall 0 by any means such as wall anchors or the equivalent.

The system described for fixing to the wall is reliable without requiring the elements of the insulation to be bonded, and rather avoids the need to use components that block the passage of moisture.

The use of brackets that form a thermal break means that the influence that the framework has on the U value (coefficient of heat transmission U = 1/Rt where Rt is the total thermal resistance of the wall) that represents the thermal losses of the wall is under 3%, advantageously under 1%.

The insulating system described is lightweight, quick and easy to fit, and has satisfactory behavior under the accelerated ageing conditions described in ETAG 004: no change in appearance and no structural change is observed after the heat/rain and freeze/thaw cycles. Satisfactory mechanical strength is maintained after these influences. Its resistance to puncturing and to impact is also excellent.

Claims (10)

A system for insulating buildings from the outside, the system comprising: - insulating elements (1) - covered by cladding panels (2) attached to - a set of profile moldings (5) mounted on the wall (0) which shall be insulated in which system the insulating elements (1) and the moldings (5) are retained by brackets (3) comprising a substantially planar first part (31) for supporting and securing to the wall (0) to be insulated and a substantially planar second portion (32) for supporting, retaining, and securing a first substantially planar portion (51) of the moldings (5), which comprises a second substantially planar portion (52) for support. the cover plates (2) and the fittings (3) are made of a material with a thermal conductivity of not more than 0.5 W / mK, characterized in that the profile moldings (5) are T-profiles or L-profiles, in which: - a foot section (51) is intended for supporting attachment to a flat portion (32) of a bracket (3) in an adjustable spacing and - from the wall (0) to be insulated; and - a top portion (52) constitutes a flat surface for support against a cladding plate (2), the top portion comprising one or two folded edges (53). Insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile moldings (5) are vertical and the second part (32) of the fittings (3) is placed vertically. Insulation system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second part (32) of the fittings (3) is divided in two by forming a slot (34) intended to receive at least one an end portion of the first portion (51) of the profile moldings (5). Insulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that the slot (34) describes a line of symmetry of the free end of the second part (32) of the fittings (3). Insulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that the profile moldings (5) are fixed to the fittings (3) by means of three flush holes in the two walls of the gap (34) and the first part (51) of the moldings respectively. Insulation system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fittings (3) have a shear strength of at least 700 N and a tensile strength of at least 2000 N. Insulation system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fittings are made of a fiber-reinforced resin composite and at least near one surface has a structure with the fibers oriented mainly parallel to the surface, which is derived in particular from a mat or a network of fibers, which is impregnated with resin. Insulation system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fittings (3) are made of a material which does not contribute to fire and has at least five minutes resistance to direct exposure to fire. Insulation system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fittings (3) are made of epoxy resin, polyester resin such as isophthal resin, vinyl ester, polyimide, phenol, polyether ether ketone, polyaryletherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylsulfone, polyethersulfone , silicone or phthalonitrile resin, alone or in mixtures of several of these resins, in particular with glass, aramid or carbon fiber fillers, or with additives such as fire retardants. Insulation system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulation elements (1) are based on mineral wool with a density of not more than 50 kg / m3, preferably between 7 and 40 kg / m3.