DK177731B1

DK177731B1 - Sharp-edged drain

Info

Publication number: DK177731B1
Application number: DK201370143A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Per Thanning Johansen
Original assignee: Blücher Metal As
Priority date: 2013-03-11
Filing date: 2013-03-11
Publication date: 2014-05-05
Also published as: EP2778305A1; PL2778305T3; DK2778305T3; EP2778305B1

Abstract

Opfindelsen beskriver en afløbsrende (301) for indstøbning i et gulv, hvor afløbsrenden (301) i dennes længderetning er indrettet til at lede afløbsvand imod et afløb, og hvor afløbsrenden (301) omfatter mindst et betonanker (305) med henblik på fastholdelse i det støbte gulv samt en konkav skalform (303), hvilken skalform (303) omfatter mindst en øvre kant (307) udstrækkende sig i afløbsrendens længderetning, hvilken øvre kant (307) grænser imod det støbte gulv, og som ved indstøbning af afløbsrenden i gulvet befinder sig i eller lige under niveau med gulvets overflade. Kanten (307) er skarpkantet (311) i en overgang til en grænseflade (315a, 315b) imod gulvet, som er tilnærmel sesvis parallel med afløbsrendens langsgående midterplan (313). Derved undgår man epoxy gulvet vil slå revner, såfremt dette støbes hen til afløbsrenden, eller at en eventuel fuge vil beskadiges. Det betyder, at tætningen mellem gulv og afløbsrende vil bibeholdes i intakt stand, således at det undgås, at snavs og skidt trænger ned mellem det støbte gulv og afløbsrenden, hvorved den optimale hygiejne ikke længere kan bibeholdes.The invention describes a drain gutter (301) for embedding in a floor, wherein the drain gutter (301) in its longitudinal direction is arranged to direct waste water towards a drain, and wherein the drain gutter (301) comprises at least one concrete anchor (305) for holding in the molded floor and a concave shell shape (303), which shell shape (303) comprises at least one upper edge (307) extending in the longitudinal direction of the gutter, which upper edge (307) adjoins the molded floor, and which when casting the gutter into the floor is located in or just below the level of the floor surface. The edge (307) is sharply edged (311) in a transition to an interface (315a, 315b) towards the floor, which is approximately parallel to the longitudinal central plane (313) of the gutter. This prevents the epoxy floor from cracking if it is cast to the gutter or any joint will be damaged. This means that the seal between the floor and the gutter will be maintained intact, so that dirt and dirt is prevented from penetrating between the cast floor and the gutter, whereby the optimum hygiene can no longer be maintained.

Description

i DK 177731 B1in DK 177731 B1

Skarpkantet afløbsrende Omfang af opfindelsenThe edge of the invention

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en skarpkantet afløbsrende. Mere specifikt angår 5 opfindelsen en afløbsrende for indstøbning i et gulv, hvor afløbsrenden i dennes længderetning er indrettet til at lede afløbsvand imod et afløb, og hvor afløbsrenden omfatter mindst et betonanker med henblik på fastholdelse i det støbte gulv samt en konkav skalform, hvilken skalform omfatter mindst en øvre kant udstrækkende sig i afløbsrendens længderetning, hvilken øvre kant grænser imod det støbte gulv, og som ved ind-10 støbning af afløbsrenden i gulvet befinder sig i eller lige under niveau med gulvets overfladeThe present invention relates to a sharp-edged drainage channel. More specifically, the invention relates to a drainage channel for embedding in a floor, the drainage channel thereof being longitudinally arranged to direct drainage water towards a drainage, and the drainage channel comprises at least one concrete anchor for retention in the molded floor and a concave shell shape, which shell shape comprises at least one upper edge extending in the longitudinal direction of the drainage channel, which upper edge borders the molded floor and which, upon embedding the drainage channel into the flooring, is at or just below the level of the floor surface

Baggrund for opfindelsen I forbindelse med gulvafløb, eksempelvis i forbindelse med vådrum i produktionsområ-15 der i slagterier eller lignende kan der være placeret aflange afløbsrender i gulvet der har en hældning hvorved overskydende vand via afløbsrenderne ledes hen til et afløb. Typisk vil der således være placeret aflange afløbsrender i gulvet, der har til opgave at lede vandet til en eller flere afløb placeret strategiske steder i produktionsområdet. Vådrum med sådanne afløbsrender anvendes eksempelvis ofte i forbindelse med bryg-20 gerier og slagterier, hvor afløbsrenderne er støbt ned i EPOXY gulve, og hvor der i øvrigt er meget stor fokus på, at hygiejnen er optimal.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In connection with floor drains, for example in connection with wet rooms in production areas in slaughterhouses or the like, elongated drainage channels may be located in the floor which has a slope whereby excess water via the drainage channels is led to a drain. Typically, there will thus be elongated drainage channels in the floor, which are tasked with directing the water to one or more drains located at strategic locations in the production area. For example, wet rooms with such drainage gutters are often used in connection with breweries and slaughterhouses where the drainage gutters are cast into EPOXY floors and where there is also a great focus on hygiene being optimal.

For at opnå optimal hygiejne vil det være nødvendigt at sikre, at overgangen mellem gulv og rist er tilstrækkelig tæt til at forhindre snavs og vand i at trænge ned mellem 25 afløbsrenderne og gulvet, hvilket kan danne grobund for bakteriel vækst. For at sikre dette, støbes gulvene enten helt hen til afløbsrenderne eller som regel tilføjes en fuge mellem det støbte gulv og afløbsrenden.In order to achieve optimal hygiene, it will be necessary to ensure that the transition between the floor and the grate is sufficiently close to prevent dirt and water from penetrating between the drainage channels and the floor, which can form the basis for bacterial growth. To ensure this, the floors are either molded all the way to the drain gutters or usually a joint is added between the molded floor and the drain gutter.

Typisk består afløbsrenderne af en konkav skalform samt et eller flere betonankre. Be-30 tonankrene øger fastholdelsen af afløbsrenderne til det støbte gulv. Betonankrene er ofte dannet som en integreret del af skalformen som regel ved en ombukning af denne.Typically, the drain gutters consist of a concave shell shape as well as one or more concrete anchors. The Be-30 ton anchors increase the retention of the drain gutters to the molded floor. The concrete anchors are often formed as an integral part of the shell mold, usually by folding it.

Den herved dannede grænseflade mellem afløbsrenden og gulvet vil udgøres af en skrå grænseflade.The resulting interface between the drainage channel and the floor will be an inclined interface.

2 DK 177731 B12 DK 177731 B1

Et eksempel på en afløbsrende af denne type kendes fra EP O 677 622 B1. Heri beskrives en afløbsrende, hvor den øvre kant afsluttes med en ombukket kantdel. Ved om-bukningen optræder der en rundingsradius i den ombukkede metalplade. Således afsluttes den øvre kant ikke skarpkantet.An example of a drain channel of this type is known from EP 0 677 622 B1. Herein is described a drainage channel where the upper edge is terminated with a folded edge part. During the folding, a rounding radius appears in the folded metal plate. Thus, the upper edge does not end sharply.

5 Såfremt gulvfladen er lavet af epoxy, betyder den skrå grænseflade ofte, at epoxyen vil knække, hvorved der dannes revner, som ikke vil kunne rengøres i tilstrækkelig grad.5 If the floor surface is made of epoxy, the oblique interface often means that the epoxy will crack, forming cracks that will not be adequately cleaned.

En lignende situation vil observeres ved fugning, hvor en skrå grænseflade vil være ensbetydende med en fuge, der varierer i tykkelse i overgangen fra fugen til afløbsren-10 den, hvor fugen bliver gradvist tyndere. Den tyndeste del af fugen vil let slippe fastgørelsen til afløbsrenden under daglig brug og rengøring. Fugen vil derfor flappe op, hvorved tilstrækkelig rengøring ikke længere vil kunne opnås. Endvidere betyder det, at fugen ganske langsomt vil løsnes mere og mere, hvorved vand og snavs vil trænge ned mellem afløbsrenden og gulvet.A similar situation will be observed at grouting, where a sloping interface will be equivalent to a grout varying in thickness in the transition from the grout to the drainage channel where the grout becomes progressively thinner. The thinnest part of the joint will easily release the attachment to the drainage gutter during daily use and cleaning. The joint will therefore flare up, whereby adequate cleaning will no longer be possible. Furthermore, this means that the joint will loosen more and more slowly, whereby water and dirt will penetrate between the drainage channel and the floor.

1515

Formål med opfindelsenObjects of the Invention

Et formål med opfindelsen er at løse ovennævnte problemstillinger, herunder at løse problemet med utilstrækkelig tætning i overgang fra gulv til afløbsrende.An object of the invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, including to solve the problem of inadequate sealing in the transition from floor to drain channel.

20 Beskrivelse af opfindelsenDescription of the Invention

Det opnås ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse med en afløbsrende af den indledningsvis nævnte type, som er særpræget ved, at kanten er skarpkantet i en overgang til en grænseflade imod gulvet, som er tilnærmelsesvis parallel med afløbsrendens langsgående midterplan.It is achieved according to the present invention with a drainage channel of the type mentioned initially, which is characterized in that the edge is sharp-edged in a transition to an interface against the floor which is approximately parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the drainage channel.

2525

Derved undgår man epoxy gulvet vil slå revner, såfremt dette støbes hen til afløbsrenden, eller at en eventuel fuge vil beskadiges. Det betyder, at tætningen mellem gulv og afløbsrende vil bibeholdes i intakt stand, således at det undgås, at snavs og skidt trænger ned mellem det støbte gulv og afløbsrenden, hvorved den optimale hygiejne ikke 30 længere kan bibeholdes.This prevents the epoxy floor from cracking if it is molded to the drainage channel or if a joint is damaged. This means that the seal between the floor and the drain channel will be maintained in intact condition, so that dirt and debris do not penetrate between the molded floor and the drain channel, whereby the optimal hygiene can no longer be maintained.

Denne forbedring opnås ved, at afløbsrendens øvre kant er skarpkantet i stedet for afrundet, som i den kendte teknik. Dette betyder, at den skarpe kant danner en grænse 3 DK 177731 B1 flade mod gulvet, som er tilnærmelsesvis lige i stedet for skrå. Grænsefladen vil være tilnærmelsesvis vinkelret på overfladen af det gulv, hvori afløbsrenden er indstøbt.This improvement is achieved by the upper edge of the drainage channel being sharply angled instead of rounded, as in the prior art. This means that the sharp edge forms a boundary 3 facing the floor, which is approximately straight instead of inclined. The interface will be approximately perpendicular to the surface of the floor in which the drainage channel is embedded.

I en udførelsesform er det mindst ene betonanker og skalformen to separate elementer.In one embodiment, the at least one concrete anchor and the shell mold are two separate elements.

5 Dette betyder, at betonankret og skalformen ikke er dannet ud af et enkelt element, men at de er separat dannede og efterfølgende fastgjort til hinanden. Dette er af stor fordel produktionsteknisk, eftersom det derved bbver lettere at opnå dannelse af en skarp kant, som kan fungere som grænseflade.5 This means that the concrete anchor and shell mold are not formed of a single element, but are separately formed and subsequently attached to each other. This is of great advantage in production technology, since it thereby facilitates the formation of a sharp edge which can act as an interface.

10 I en udførelsesform er betonankret fastgjort under den skarpkantede del af afløbsrenden. Herved opnås det, at grænsefladen mod gulvet udgøres af et tilnærmelsesvist Uge stykke, således at tilstrækkelig tætning opnås mellem afløbsrenden og gulvet uanset betonankrets udseende.10 In one embodiment, the concrete anchor is secured below the sharp-edged portion of the drainage gutter. This results in the fact that the interface to the floor is constituted by an approximate week piece, so that sufficient sealing is obtained between the drainage channel and the floor regardless of the appearance of the concrete anchor.

15 I en yderligere udførelsesform er betonankret fastgjort ved brug af fuldsvejsning. Herved opnås en effektiv fastgørelse af betonankret til skalformen, hvorved en utilsigtet separation af betonankret fra skalformen forhindres.In a further embodiment, concrete anchors are secured using full welding. This results in an effective attachment of the concrete anchor to the shell mold, thereby preventing an accidental separation of the concrete anchor from the shell mold.

I en udførelsesform er betonankret fastgjort til skalformen. Herved kan betonankret 20 fastholdes i en ønsket position i forhold til skalformen. Det undgås endvidere, at betonankret bevæger sig uhensigtsmæssigt i forhold til skalformen under indstøbningsproces-sen.In one embodiment, the concrete anchor is attached to the shell mold. Hereby, the concrete anchor 20 can be held in a desired position relative to the shell mold. Furthermore, it is avoided that the concrete anchor moves inappropriately in relation to the shell shape during the casting process.

I en yderbgere udførelsesform er betonankret fastgjort ved punktsvejsning.In a further embodiment, the concrete anchor is secured by spot welding.

25 I en udførelsesform omfatter betonankret en flade, som er monteret i forlængelse af kantens grænseflade. Herved forlænges grænsefladen med fladen fra betonankret, hvorved man optimerer overgangen fra afløbsrende til gulv/fuge.In one embodiment, the concrete anchor comprises a surface mounted in extension of the edge interface. This extends the interface with the surface from the concrete anchor, thereby optimizing the transition from drainage channel to floor / joint.

30 I en udførelsesform er betonankrets flade tilnærmelsesvis parallel med afløbsrendens langsgående midterplan. Dette er særbgt hensigtsmæssigt, idet grænsefladen formet af den øvre kant forlænges med betonankrets flade i en tilnærmelsesvis ret linje, som vil være tilnærmelsesvis vinkelret på gulvets overflade, efter dette er blevet støbt. Grænse- DK 177731 B1 4 fladen forlænges herved, og arealet, hvor der kan opnås en effektiv tætning mellem gulv og afløbsrende, forøges, og tætningen gøres mere holdbar.In one embodiment, the surface of the concrete anchor is approximately parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the drain. This is particularly convenient as the interface formed by the upper edge is extended by the surface of the concrete anchor in an approximately straight line which will be approximately perpendicular to the surface of the floor after it has been cast. The boundary surface is hereby extended, and the area where an effective seal between the floor and the drainage channel can be obtained is increased and the seal is made more durable.

I en udførelsesform er afløbsrenden fremstillet af rustfri stål. Dette materiale er særligt 5 hensigtsmæssigt i forbindelse med afløb, både i forhold til holdbarhed og hygiejne.In one embodiment, the drainage channel is made of stainless steel. This material is particularly suitable for drainage, both in terms of durability and hygiene.

Kort tegningsbeskrivelseBrief drawing description

Opfindelsen vil herefter blive forklaret nærmere under henvisning til de medfølgende tegninger, hvor 10 fig. 1 viser tværsnit af afløbsrende uden skarpkantet øvre kant (kendt teknik), fig. 2A og 2B viser grænseflade i tilfælde af afløbsrende med og uden skarpkantet øvre kant, 15 fig. 3A, 3B, 3C og 3D viser en udførelsesform af en afløbsrende med skarpkantet øvre kant set fra forskellige vinkler, og fig. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D og 4E viser en yderligere udførelsesform af en afløbsrende med 20 skarpkantet øvre kant set fra forskelhge vinkler.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a drainage channel without a sharp-edged upper edge (prior art); FIG. 2A and 2B show interface in case of drainage channel with and without sharp-edged upper edge; FIG. Figures 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D show an embodiment of a drainage channel with a sharp-edged upper edge seen from different angles; Figures 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D and 4E show a further embodiment of a drain ring with 20 sharp-edged upper edges seen from different angles.

Detaljeret beskrivelse af opfindelsenDetailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 viser et eksempel på kendt teknik. Fig. 1 illustrerer en afløbsrende 101 omfattende en skalform 103 samt to betonankre 105a,b. De to betonankre 105a,b er udformet i 25 et med skalformen 103 ved en ombukning af denne. Herved dannes en øvre kant 107, som ved indstøbning af afløbsrenden i et gulv vil befinde sig i eller bge under niveau med gulvets overflade. Idet den øvre kant er dannet ved ombukning, vil den bestå af afrundede kanter, hvorved der dannes skrå grænseflade 109 mod gulvet. Det vil derfor være svært at opnå en varig og stabil tætning mellem afløbsrenden og det støbte gulv.FIG. 1 shows an example of prior art. FIG. 1 illustrates a drain channel 101 comprising a shell mold 103 and two concrete anchors 105a, b. The two concrete anchors 105a, b are formed integrally with the shell mold 103 by a folding thereof. Thereby, an upper edge 107 is formed which, when embedded in the drainage gutter in a floor, will be at or below the level of the floor surface. As the upper edge is formed by folding, it will consist of rounded edges, thereby forming inclined interface 109 towards the floor. Therefore, it will be difficult to obtain a durable and stable seal between the drainage channel and the molded floor.

Fig. 2A viser grænsefladen, når denne er skrå, hvor der kommer en overgang fra gulvmateriale eller fugemasse 201a til den øvre kant 207a på afløbsrenden. Helt ude ved spidsen vil der være et meget tyndt lag gulvmateriale eller fugemasse, som kan løsne 30 5 DK 177731 B1 sig. Fig. 2B viser en overgang til kanten på en afløbsrende ifølge opfindelsen, hvor gulvmateriale eller fugemasse 201b lægger an med en øvre kant 207b, som er skarpkantet, og derved undgår man den gradvise overgang og de problemer, dette medfører.FIG. 2A shows the interface when sloped, where there is a transition from floor material or grout 201a to the upper edge 207a of the drainage channel. Right at the tip, there will be a very thin layer of flooring material or sealant that can loosen itself. FIG. 2B shows a transition to the edge of a drainage channel according to the invention, where flooring material or grout 201b abuts with an upper edge 207b which is sharp-edged, thereby avoiding the gradual transition and the problems this causes.

5 Fig. 3A-D illustrerer en første udførelsesform af en afløbsrende 301 med en skarpkantet øvre kant 307, set fra forskellige vinkler, hvor fig. 3A er et tværsnits, fig. 3B er set skråt fra oven, fig. 3C er set fra oven, og fig. 3D er set ffa siden. Afløbsrenden omfatter en konkav skalform 303 samt to betonankre 305a,b. Skalformen 303 har en øvre kant 307, som er skarpkantet 311. Den skarpkantede øvre kant 311 danner en første 10 grænseflade imod gulvet under indstøbning, som er tilnærmelsesvis parallel med afløbsrendens langsgående midterplan 313.FIG. 3A-D illustrate a first embodiment of a drain ring 301 with a sharp-edged upper edge 307, seen from different angles, with figs. 3A is a cross-section, FIG. 3B is an oblique view from above; FIG. 3C is a top view, and FIG. 3D is seen ffa ago. The drainage gutter includes a concave shell form 303 as well as two concrete anchors 305a, b. The shell mold 303 has an upper edge 307, which is sharp-edged 311. The sharp-edged upper edge 311 forms a first interface with the floor during molding, which is approximately parallel to the longitudinal median plane 313 of the drain.

De to betonankre 305a,b er fastgjort til skalformen under den skarpkantede øvre kant 307. Betonankrene 305a,b kan være fastgjort ved hjælp af en fuldsvejsning mellem den 15 skarpkantede øvre kant 307 og betonankret 305a,b. Yderligere kan betonankret 305a,b være fastgjort til skalformen ved hjælp af en punktsvejsning mellem betonankret 305a,b og skalformen 303.The two concrete anchors 305a, b are attached to the shell mold below the sharp-edged upper edge 307. The concrete anchors 305a, b may be secured by a full weld between the 15 sharp-edged upper edge 307 and the concrete anchor 305a, b. Further, concrete anchor 305a, b may be attached to the shell mold by a point weld between concrete anchor 305a, b and shell mold 303.

I den illustrerede udførelsesform omfatter betonankrene 305a,b en flade 315a,b, som er 20 i forlængelse af den øvre kants grænseflade 311. Denne flade 315a,b er tilnærmelsesvis parallel med afløbsrendens langsgående midterplan 313. Herved forlænges grænsefladen mod gulvet under indstøbningsprocessen, og fastholdelsen af afløbsrenden forbedres.In the illustrated embodiment, the concrete anchors 305a, b comprise a surface 315a, b which is 20 in extension of the upper edge interface 311. This surface 315a, b is approximately parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the drain gutter, thereby extending the interface to the floor during the casting process. improved drainage retention.

25 Fig. 4A-D illustrerer en første udførelsesform af en afløbsrende 401 med en skarpkantet øvre kant 407, set fra forskellige vinkler, hvor fig. 4A er et tværsnits, fig. 4B er set skråt fra oven fra den ene side, fig. 4C er set skråt fra oven fra den anden side, og fig.FIG. 4A-D illustrate a first embodiment of a drain ring 401 with a sharp-edged upper edge 407, seen from different angles, with figs. 4A is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 4B is an oblique view from above from one side; FIG. 4C is an oblique view from above, and FIG.

4D er set fra oven. Afløbsrenden omfatter en konkav skalform 403 samt et betonankre 405. Skalformen 403 har en øvre kant 407, som er skarpkantet 411. Den skarpkantede 30 øvre kant 411 danner en første grænseflade imod gulvet under indstøbning, som er tilnærmelsesvis parallel med afløbsrendens langsgående midterplan 413.The 4D is viewed from above. The drain gutter comprises a concave shell shape 403 and a concrete anchor 405. The shell mold 403 has an upper edge 407 which is sharp-edged 411. The sharp-edged upper edge 411 forms a first interface against the floor during molding which is approximately parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the drain gutter 413.

6 DK 177731 B1 I modsætning til udførelsesformen, som illustreret i fig. 3A-D, har udførelsesformen i fig. 4A-E en forlænget skarp kant 411 og dermed en større grænseflade mod gulvet under indstøbningsprocessen, hvorved fastholdelsen af afløbsrenden forbedres.6 DK 177731 B1 In contrast to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3A-D, the embodiment of FIG. 4A-E, an extended sharp edge 411 and thus a larger interface to the floor during the casting process, thereby improving the retention of the drainage gutter.

5 Betonankret 405 er fastgjort til skalformen 403 under den skarpkantede øvre kant 407 ved fastgørelse til en flange 417 dannet ved ombukning af skalformen 403.5 Concrete anchor 405 is attached to the shell mold 403 below the sharp-edged upper edge 407 by attachment to a flange 417 formed by bending the shell mold 403.

Opfindelsen er ikke begrænset til de på figurerne viste og ovenfor beskrevne udførelsesformer. Andre udførelsesformer med andre former af den skarpkantede afløbsrende 10 er tænkelige indenfor rammerne af denne opfindelse og de efterfølgende krav.The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the figures and described above. Other embodiments with other forms of the sharp-edged drain ring 10 are conceivable within the scope of this invention and the subsequent claims.

Claims

A drainage channel (301) for embedding in a floor, the drainage channel (301) being arranged longitudinally thereof to direct drainage water towards a drain, and the drainage channel (301) comprises at least one concrete anchor (305) for holding in the molded floor and a concave shell mold (303), said shell mold (303) comprising at least one upper edge (307) extending longitudinally of the drain channel, said upper edge (307) bordering the molded floor and which, when embedded in the drain channel, is in the floor being at or just below level with the surface of the floor, characterized in that the edge (307) is sharp-edged (311) in a transition to an interface (315a, 315b) towards the floor which is approximately parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the drain gutter (313) ).

Drainage channel (301) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one concrete anchor (305) and the shell mold (303) are two separate elements.

Drainage channel (301) according to claim 2, characterized in that the concrete anchorage (305) is fixed below the sharp-edged part (311) of the drainage channel (301).

Drainage channel (301) according to claim 3, characterized in that the concrete anchor (305) is fixed using full welding.

Drainage channel (301) according to claims 2-4, characterized in that the concrete anchor (305) is attached to the shell mold (303).

Drainage channel (301) according to claim 5, characterized in that the concrete anchor (305) is fixed 25 by spot welding.

Drainage channel (301) according to claims 1-6, characterized in that the concrete anchor (305) comprises a surface (315) which is mounted in extension of the interface (311) of the edge.

7 DK 177731 B1

Drainage channel (301) according to claim 7, characterized in that the surface (315) of the concrete anchor is approximately parallel to the longitudinal median plane (313) of the drainage channel. 8 DK 177731 B1

Drainage channel (301) according to claims 1-8, characterized in that the drainage channel (301) is made of stainless steel.