DK174244B1 - Covered spectator stand - Google Patents
Covered spectator stand Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK174244B1 DK174244B1 DK199801060A DKPA199801060A DK174244B1 DK 174244 B1 DK174244 B1 DK 174244B1 DK 199801060 A DK199801060 A DK 199801060A DK PA199801060 A DKPA199801060 A DK PA199801060A DK 174244 B1 DK174244 B1 DK 174244B1
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- roof
- covered
- spectator
- stand according
- support
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000406668 Loxodonta cyclotis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/38—Arched girders or portal frames
- E04C3/44—Arched girders or portal frames of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
- E04H3/10—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons for meetings, entertainments, or sports
- E04H3/12—Tribunes, grandstands or terraces for spectators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
Description
i DK 174244 B1 ^ Opfindelsen angår en overdækket tilskuertribune, omfattende flere i tribunens tværretning indbyrdes adskilt anbragte understøtninger, hvis opadvendende overside er udformet som trin i en trappe, der fra 5 tribunens forside stiger mod dennes bagside, flere i tribunens længderetning forløbende, i tværsnit set L-formede bjælker af armeret beton, der hviler i understøtningernes trin og danner tilskuerpladser, flere tagspær der hver ved den ene ende er fastgjort til sin 10 understøtning ved et øvre bagerste parti af denne, hvilke tagspær strækker sig på tværs af tribunen mod dennes forside, og en tagflade der bæres af nævnte spær og i det væsentlige overdækker tilskuerpladserne.The invention relates to a covered spectacle stand, comprising several spaced apart supports in the transverse direction of the grandstand, the upward facing surface of which is designed as steps in a staircase which rises from the front of the grandstand towards its rear side, several extending longitudinally in the grandstand, in cross section. seen L-shaped reinforced concrete beams resting in the steps of the supports and forming spectator seats, several roof rafters each attached at one end to its support at an upper rear portion thereof extending across the stand towards its front, and a roof surface carried by said rafters and substantially covering the spectator seats.
En overdækket tilskuertribune af denne art kendes 15 fra FR patentskrift nr. 2 627 792. I denne kendte tilskuertribune består understøtningerne af to separate søjler der sammen bærer en skråtstillet betonbjælke, hvis overkant er forsynet med trin til understøtning af de L-formede bjælker, der danner tilskuerpladserne. Den 20 skråtstillede bjælkes øverste ende er udkraget fra den tilhørende søjle og på den udkragede ende er boltet en mast, der ved sin midte understøtter den ene ende af en tagflade, der overdækker tilskuerpladserne, hvilken tagflades yderparti er ophængt i et trækbånd, der er 25 forbundet til mastens top. Mastens nederste ende er via et andet trækbånd forbundet til den skråtstillede bjælke .A covered cutting stand of this kind is known from FR patent specification No. 2 627 792. In this known cutting stand, the supports consist of two separate columns which together carry an inclined concrete beam, the upper edge of which is provided with steps for supporting the L-shaped beams which forming the spectator seats. The upper end of the 20 inclined beam is projected from the associated column and on the projected end is bolted a mast which at its center supports one end of a roof surface covering the spectator seats, the outer portion of the roof surface being suspended in a drawbar which is 25 connected to the top of the mast. The lower end of the mast is connected to the inclined beam via a second drawbar.
Tilskuertribunen har den ulempe at søjlerne og den skråtstillede bjælke støbes på stedet hvilket medfører 30 en stor arbejdsindsats til opstilling af forme, ilæg-ning af armering og støbning af beton samt påfølgende montage af mange enkeltdele. Denne arbejdsindsats er derfor dyr og resulterer i en langvarig byggeproces.The spectator stand has the disadvantage that the columns and the inclined beam are molded on site, which results in a large work effort for the erection of molds, the laying of reinforcement and casting of concrete and subsequent mounting of many individual parts. This work effort is therefore expensive and results in a lengthy construction process.
Det er en yderligere ulempe at en eventuel senere 35 forøgelse af tribunens kapacitet ved tilbygning under 2 DK 174244 B1 anvendelse af samme konstruktionsmåde resulterer i omfattende arbejder på byggestedet. Det er også en ulempe at den kendte tribune i praksis ikke kan nedtages og flyttes til et andet sted såfremt der skulle 5 være behov for dette.It is a further disadvantage that any subsequent increase in the capacity of the stand by extension under 2 DK 174244 B1 use of the same design method results in extensive work on the construction site. It is also a disadvantage that, in practice, the known stand cannot be taken down and moved to another location should this be needed.
Det er hensigten med opfindelsen at angive en overdækket tilskuertribune, der kan opføres på væsentlig kortere tid end den kendte og som ikke medfører omfattende arbejder på byggepladsen. Det er en yderligere 10 hensigt at angive en overdækket tilskuertribune der let kan nedtages igen og eventuelt genopføres på et andet sted.It is an object of the invention to provide a covered spectator stand which can be erected in a considerably shorter time than the known one and which does not entail extensive work on the construction site. It is a further 10 intention to specify a covered spectator stand that can be easily dismantled and possibly reinstated at another location.
Dette opnås ifølge opfindelsen med en overdækket tilskuertribune af den indledningsvis angivne art, hvor 15 hver understøtning dannes af én enkelt præfabrikeret, stort set trekantet plade eller understøtningsvæg af armeret beton, hvis ene kant i brugsstiliingen danner en vandret, i hovedsagen ubrudt underkant, hvis anden kant danner en i det væsentlige lodret bagkant, og hvis 20 tredje kant omfatter nævnte overkant med trin, at hvert tagspær er fremstillet som ét enkelt element af forspændt beton, og at tagspæret er aftageligt fastgjort til understøtningsvæggen.This is achieved according to the invention with a covered cutter stand of the type initially mentioned, wherein each support is formed from a single prefabricated, substantially triangular sheet or reinforced concrete support wall, one edge of the upright forming a horizontal, substantially unbroken bottom edge, the other edge forming a substantially vertical rear edge, and whose third edge comprises said upper edge with steps, that each roof rafter is made as a single element of prestressed concrete and that the roof rafter is removably attached to the support wall.
Ved at anvende en understøtningsvæg, der generelt 25 har form af en trekant opnås et meget stift konstruktionselement, der har den fordel at alle kræfter og momenter fra taget kan føres direkte ned til elementets underkant uden at der på noget punkt i understøtnings-væggen opstår svage steder med spændingskoncentratio-30 ner, som tilfældet er ved den kendte konstruktion.By using a support wall which is generally in the form of a triangle, a very rigid structural element is obtained, which has the advantage that all the forces and moments from the roof can be applied directly down to the lower edge of the element without causing any weak at any point in the support wall. sites with stress concentrations, as is the case with the known construction.
Understøtningsvæggen ifølge opfindelsen har den yderligere fordel at den ved at følge normale dimensioneringsforskrifter får en vægtykkelse og dermed en bredde af underkanten, der er så stor at elementet 35 under normalt gode jordbundsforhold kan opstilles i 3 DK 174244 B1 direkte på en planeret jordoverflade uden yderligere krav om fundamentering. Ved blødere jordbund er det tilstrækkeligt med et standardfundament, en såkaldt "elefantfod" ved hver ende af understøtningsvæggens 5 underside. Da der således ikke kræves omfattende jordarbejder, støbning etc. omfatter arbejdet på byggepladsen i det væsentlige blot opstilling af understøtningsvægge, montage af L-formede bjælker til tilskuerpladser og montage af tagspær. De afsluttende 10 arbejder så som montage af tag, afdækninger, gelændere og sæder, der alle er forberedt fra fabrik kan derefter hurtigt afsluttes.The support wall according to the invention has the additional advantage that, by following normal sizing requirements, it obtains a wall thickness and thus a width of the lower edge, which is so large that the element 35 can be placed directly on a planed ground surface under normally good soil conditions without further requirements. on foundations. For softer soils, a standard foundation, a so-called "elephant foot" at each end of the bottom wall of the support wall is sufficient. Thus, since extensive earthwork, casting etc. is not required, the construction site work consists essentially of simply setting up support walls, mounting L-shaped beams for spectator spaces and mounting roof rafters. The final 10 works such as roofing, roofing, handrails and seats, all prepared from the factory, can then be completed quickly.
Den overdækkede tilskuertribune ifølge opfindelsen har den yderligere fordel, at den let kan nedtages og 15 genopføres et andet sted. En eksisterende tribune ifølge opfindelsen kan gives en yderligere tilskuerkapacitet ved blot at forlænge tribunen under anvendelse af de samme simple elementer som i den oprindelige tribune. De nævnte fordele skyldes først og fremmest at 20 tribunen med tag i det væsentlige er opbygget af kun tre forskellige, simple elementer, der er lette at transportere og montere.The covered spectator stand of the invention has the additional advantage that it can be easily removed and reinstated elsewhere. An existing stand according to the invention can be given an additional spectator capacity by simply extending the stand using the same simple elements as in the original stand. The advantages mentioned above are mainly due to the fact that the roof stand is essentially made up of only three different, simple elements that are easy to transport and mount.
I en foretrukken udførelsesform kan tagspæret og understøtningsvæggen være således forspændt mod hinan-25 den, at mod hinanden støttende flader af nævnte to komponenter trykkes mod hinanden under alle optrædende belastninger. En sådan forspændt samling er særlig gunstig når der anvendes komponenter af beton idet områderne med beton i nærheden af samlingsfladen herved 30 også holdes under kompression uanset belastningen. Samlingen kan, på i sig selv kendt måde, udføres som en boltet forbindelse med forspændte bolte, eller som en forbindelse der benytter forspændte kabler.In a preferred embodiment, the roof rafter and the supporting wall may be so biased against each other that mutually supporting surfaces of said two components are pressed against each other under all occurring loads. Such a prestressed joint is particularly advantageous when using components of concrete since the areas of concrete near the joint surface are thereby also kept under compression irrespective of the load. The assembly, in a manner known per se, can be carried out as a bolted connection with prestressed bolts, or as a connection using prestressed cables.
I andre foretrukne udførelsesformer kan understøt-35 ningsvæggen og/eller de L-formede bjælker være frem- DK 174244 B1 4 ! stillet af forspændt beton, såfremt der kræves forøget styrke af disse komponenter.In other preferred embodiments, the support wall and / or the L-shaped beams may be provided. provided of prestressed concrete if increased strength of these components is required.
I en anden udførelsesform kan understøtnings-væggens bagerste parti stå op over den øvrige del af 5 understøtningsvæggen som en kort søjle. Herved sikres tilstrækkelig ståhøjde over den øverste række af tilskuerpladser.In another embodiment, the rear portion of the support wall may rise above the remaining portion of the support wall as a short column. This ensures sufficient standing height over the top row of spectator seats.
I en tredje udførelsesform kan to hosliggende understøtningsvægge være indbyrdes forbundet ved hjælp 10 af en i tribunens længderetning anbragt præfabrikeret væg, fortrinsvis af armeret, eventuelt forspændt beton til optagelse af i længderetningen virkende kræfter på tribunen. En typisk tribune kan bestå af fire understøtningsvægge der er opstillet med indbyrdes lige 15 store mellemrum i indbyrdes parallelle planer. Herved dannes der tre fag mellem understøtningsvæggene og af hensyn til stabiliteten af tribunen er det hensigtsmæssigt at forbinde de to midterste understøtningsvægge med en langsgående væg, således at der dannes en stabil 20 kerne i konstruktionen. Understøtningsvæggene i de to endefag kan som foreslået i en fjerde udførelsesform være indbyrdes forbundet ved hjælp af vindkryds til yderligere stabilisering af tribunen.In a third embodiment, two adjacent support walls may be interconnected by means of a prefabricated wall arranged in the longitudinal direction, preferably of reinforced, optionally prestressed concrete, to absorb longitudinal forces in the grandstand. A typical grandstand can consist of four support walls that are spaced apart at just 15 large intervals in mutually parallel planes. Hereby three phages are formed between the support walls and for the sake of stability of the stand it is convenient to connect the two middle support walls with a longitudinal wall, so that a stable core is formed in the structure. The support walls of the two end compartments may, as suggested in a fourth embodiment, be interconnected by means of wind crosses to further stabilize the stand.
Tagspærene kan ligeledes stabiliseres ved at to 25 hosliggende tagspær er indbyrdes forbundet ved hjælp af et vindkryds, der kan være beliggende i et plan, der i det væsentlige er parallelt med tagfladens plan.The roof rafters can also be stabilized by having two adjacent roof rafters interconnected by means of a wind cross which may be located in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the roof surface.
I endnu en udførelsesform kan tagfladen være udformet som en skive der stabiliserer taget.In yet another embodiment, the roof surface may be formed as a disk stabilizing the roof.
30 Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive nærmere forklaret ved hjælp af en udførelsesform og med henvisning til tegningen, på hvilken fig. 1 er et tværsnit langs linien A-A i fig. 2 af en overdækket tilskuertribune ifølge opfindelsen,The invention will now be explained in more detail by way of an embodiment and with reference to the drawing, in which FIG. 1 is a cross-section along the line A-A of FIG. 2 of a covered spectator stand according to the invention,
• I• I
5 DK 174244 B1 fig. 2 et sidebillede af en del af tribunen i fig.5 DK 174244 B1 fig. 2 is a side view of a portion of the stand of FIG.
1 set mod bagsiden, og fig. 3 et detailbillede i delvis snit af en samling mellem en understøtningsvæg og et tagspær.1 to the rear, and FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of an assembly between a support wall and a roof rafter.
5 I fig. 1 ses en understøtningsvæg 1 med en over kant 2 der er udformet som en trappe med trin 3, 4, en underkant 5 og en bagkant 6. Ved bagkanten 6 har understøtningsvæggen 1 en forlængelse 7 der danner en kort søjle. På overkanten 2 af understøtningsvæggen er 10 der på trinfladerne 4 placeret langsgående L-formede bjælker 10 på hvilke der er monteret sæderækker 11.5 In FIG. 1, a support wall 1 is seen with an upper edge 2 formed as a staircase with steps 3, 4, a lower edge 5 and a rear edge 6. At the rear edge 6, the support wall 1 has an extension 7 which forms a short column. On the upper edge 2 of the support wall 10, longitudinal L-shaped beams 10 are mounted on the step surfaces 4 on which seat rows 11 are mounted.
Fig. 1 viser også et tagspær 20, der i sit midterparti har en reces 24 for at nedsætte spærets vægt. Tagspæret 20 er fastspændt ved sin underside 23 til 15 oversiden 8 af søjlepartiet 7 som nærmere beskrevet nedenfor i forbindelse med omtalen af fig. 3.FIG. 1 also shows a roof bar 20 having a recess 24 in its center portion to reduce the weight of the bar. The roof latch 20 is clamped at its underside 23 to 15 the upper side 8 of the column portion 7 as further described below in connection with the discussion of FIG. Third
Ved understøtningsvæggen l's bagside 6 ses en stabiliserende, langsgående væg 32, der forbinder to hosliggende understøtningsvægge. Bag den øverste række 20 sæder er der et gelænder 12 og ved hver ende af tilskuertribunen er der et tilsvarende gelænder der strækker sig fra tribunens forside til dens bagside (ikke vist i figuren).At the rear side 6 of the support wall 1 is seen a stabilizing, longitudinal wall 32 connecting two adjacent support walls. Behind the upper row of 20 seats is a handrail 12 and at each end of the spectator stand there is a corresponding handrail extending from the front of the stand to its rear (not shown in the figure).
Taget er opbygget ved hjælp af langsgående åse 25 25 der er monteret på tagspærene 20. Over åsene er lagt tagplader 26, for eksempel stålplader. Ved tagspærets forreste ende 22 er der en vindskede 27 og ved tagspærets bagerste ende 21 er monteret en afdækning 28, der også kan bestå af stålplader. Montagen af gelæn-30 dere, sæder, vindkryds, tagåse og afdækning ved tagspærenes bagende lettes ved at der allerede fra fabrikken er indstøbt beslag for disse konstruktionsdele.The roof is constructed by means of longitudinal ridge 25 25 mounted on roof rafters 20. Roof plates 26 are laid over the ridges, for example steel plates. At the front end 22 of the roof rail there is a windscreen 27 and at the rear end 21 of the roof rail is a cover 28 which may also consist of steel plates. The mounting of handrails, seats, windscreens, roof rails and cover at the rear of the roof rafters is facilitated by the fact that these structural parts are already embedded in the factory.
Nævnte konstruktionsdele kan være monteret på aftagelig måde for yderligere at lette arbejdet ved eventuel 35 nedtagning og genopførelse af tribunen.Said structural members may be mounted in a removable manner to further facilitate the work of any dismantling and rebuilding of the stand.
6 DK 174244 B16 DK 174244 B1
Fig. 2 viser to fag af en 3-fags tribune der i figuren strækker sig mod højre. Af hensyn til tydeligheden er taget 26 kun vist skematisk og afdækningen 28, gelænderet 12 og sæderne 11 er udeladt. Det ses at 5 midterfaget er stabiliseret ved anvendelse af en langsgående, præfabrikeret væg 32, medens yderfagene stabiliseres ved hjælp af vindkryds 30. Over den stabiliserende væg 32 er yderligere et vindkryds 31 der sikrer stabiliteten af tagkonstruktionen. Det ses at 10 der under tilskuerpladserne fremkommer rum der for eksempel kan anvendes til sportsrekvisitter.FIG. 2 shows two sections of a 3-bay stand extending in the figure to the right. For the sake of clarity, the roof 26 is shown schematically only and the cover 28, the handrail 12 and the seats 11 are omitted. It will be seen that the middle phage is stabilized using a longitudinal prefabricated wall 32, while the outer phages are stabilized by windscreen 30. Above the stabilizing wall 32 is another windscreen 31 which ensures the stability of the roof structure. It is seen that 10 appear below the spectator spaces which can be used, for example, for sports props.
Fig. 3 viser understøtningsvæggen l's søjleparti 7 i hvis overside 8 der er indstøbt vinkelbeslag med gevindbøsninger 40. I tagspærets underside er der 15 indstøbte vederlag 40 af stål. Lange bolte 42 er fra tagspærets overside ført gennem gennemgående huller 43 i tagspæret og indskruet i nævnte gevindbøsninger. Boltene 42 forspændes til en forudbestemt værdi, der sikrer at samlefladerne trykkes mod hinanden ved alle 20 forekommende belastninger af konstruktionen.FIG. 3 shows the pillar portion 7 of the supporting wall 1 in the upper side 8 of which are embedded angular brackets with threaded bushings 40. In the underside of the roof rail there are 15 embedded castings 40 of steel. Long bolts 42 are passed from the top of the roof bar through through holes 43 in the roof bar and screwed into said threaded bushings. The bolts 42 are pre-tensioned to a predetermined value, ensuring that the connector faces are pressed against each other at all 20 loads of the structure.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK199801060A DK174244B1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1998-08-21 | Covered spectator stand |
| DE19981797T DE19981797B4 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1999-08-23 | Covered grandstand |
| AU52789/99A AU5278999A (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1999-08-23 | A covered stand |
| PCT/DK1999/000447 WO2000011287A1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1999-08-23 | A covered stand |
| NO20002015A NO314050B1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 2000-04-17 | Covered stand |
| SE0001439A SE514641C2 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 2000-04-18 | Covered stand |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK106098 | 1998-08-21 | ||
| DK199801060A DK174244B1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1998-08-21 | Covered spectator stand |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK199801060A DK199801060A (en) | 2000-02-22 |
| DK174244B1 true DK174244B1 (en) | 2002-10-14 |
Family
ID=8100541
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK199801060A DK174244B1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1998-08-21 | Covered spectator stand |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU5278999A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19981797B4 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK174244B1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO314050B1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE514641C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000011287A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2364077B (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2004-11-24 | Roland Hill | Stadium construction of variable geometry |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2627792B1 (en) * | 1988-02-26 | 1990-08-17 | Meridionale Travaux | COVERED GRADINE TRIBUNALS AND CONSTRUCTION METHODS |
| GB2262294B (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1995-08-09 | Stadio Limited | Improvements in and relating to grandstands |
| FR2744681B1 (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1998-04-30 | Guillet Sa | FOLDABLE AND MOBILE GRADIN SYSTEM |
-
1998
- 1998-08-21 DK DK199801060A patent/DK174244B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-08-23 AU AU52789/99A patent/AU5278999A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-23 DE DE19981797T patent/DE19981797B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-23 WO PCT/DK1999/000447 patent/WO2000011287A1/en active Application Filing
-
2000
- 2000-04-17 NO NO20002015A patent/NO314050B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-18 SE SE0001439A patent/SE514641C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE514641C2 (en) | 2001-03-26 |
| NO20002015D0 (en) | 2000-04-17 |
| SE0001439L (en) | 2000-04-18 |
| DK199801060A (en) | 2000-02-22 |
| NO314050B1 (en) | 2003-01-20 |
| WO2000011287A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
| AU5278999A (en) | 2000-03-14 |
| NO20002015L (en) | 2000-04-17 |
| DE19981797B4 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
| SE0001439D0 (en) | 2000-04-18 |
| DE19981797T1 (en) | 2001-03-08 |
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