DK173611B1

DK173611B1 - Process and apparatus for removing flesh and fat residues from the flesh side of pelts from fur-bearing animals

Info

Publication number: DK173611B1
Application number: DK80398A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Bent Juul Larsen
Original assignee: Gjoel Pelsningsredskaber As
Priority date: 1998-06-15
Filing date: 1998-06-15
Publication date: 2001-04-30
Also published as: DK80398A

Description

DK 173611 B1DK 173611 B1

Fremgangsmåde og apparat til fjernelse af kød- og fedtrester fra kødsiden af et pelsdyrskindMethod and apparatus for removing meat and fat residues from the meat side of a fur animal skin

Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til fjernelse af kød- og fedtrester fra kødsiden af et 5 rørformet pelsdyrskind, der med kødsiden krænget udefter og i retning af pelsdyrskindets længdeakse bringes til at passere ind mellem mindst to samvirkende, i modsatte retninger roterende skraberuller, der i berøringspunkterne med skindet bevæges mod skindets bevægel sesretning.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for removing meat and fat residues from the meat side of a tubular fur animal skin which, with the meat side curved outwards and in the direction of the fur animal longitudinal axis, is caused to pass between at least two cooperating, in opposite directions, rotating scraper rolls having contact points. the skin is moved towards the direction of movement of the skin.

10 Fra dansk patent nr. 156669 kendes et skindskrabeapparat med en stationær flad dorn, der har et rektangulært tværsnit, og på hvilken pelsdyrskindet anbringes under skrabeprocessen. Skrabningen sker ved hjælp af et antal skraberuller, der tilsammen bestemmer en kontur eller omkreds, som er komplementær til omkredsen af dornens tværsnit. Når dornen har et rektangulært tværsnit, anvendes der altså to par af over for 15 hinanden beliggende skraberuller, og disse ruller, der således afskraber hver sin flade af dornen, bevæges frem og tilbage langs domen i dennes længderetning. Dette kendte apparat har den ulempe, at det haren forholdsvis lille arbejdshastighed, idet skraberullerne skal foretage en frem og tilbage gående bevægelse, inden det færdigt skrabede skind kan fernes fra dornen, og et nyt skind kan påsættes.Danish Patent No. 156669 discloses a skin scraper apparatus with a stationary flat mandrel having a rectangular cross-section and on which the fur animal skin is placed during the scraping process. Scratching is done by a number of scraper rolls which together determine a contour or circumference which is complementary to the circumference of the cross-section of the mandrel. Thus, when the mandrel has a rectangular cross-section, two pairs of abrasive scraping rollers are used, and these rollers, thus scraping each surface of the mandrel, are moved back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the mandrel. This known apparatus has the disadvantage of having a relatively low operating speed, the scraper rolls having to make a reciprocating motion before the finished scraped skin can be removed from the mandrel and a new skin can be applied.

20 I forbindelse med det kendte apparat anvendes skraberuller, der har V-formede skrabende kanter, der er symmetriske omkring et midterplan vinkelret på rotationsaksen.In connection with the known apparatus, scraper rolls having V-shaped scraping edges symmetrical about a center plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation are used.

Dette betyder, at rullerne under skrabeprocessen vil strække skindet i tværgående retning ud mod dornens kanter, og derved vil der langs disse dornkanter fremkomme skindpartier, 25 der ikke er blevet skrabet eller er blevet skrabet mindre godt end de øvrige partier af skindet.This means that during the scraping process the rollers will extend the skin in a transverse direction towards the edges of the mandrel, thereby producing skin portions along these mandrel edges that have not been scraped or scraped less well than the other portions of the skin.

Disse ulemper ved det kendte skrabeapparat afhjælpes ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen, der er ejendommelig ved, at det rørformede skind under skrabningen ved 30 hjælp af skraberullernes skrabende kanter påvirkes således i periferiretningen, at pelsdyrskindet bringes til at dreje omkring sin længdeakse.These disadvantages of the known scraper apparatus are remedied by the method according to the invention, characterized in that the tubular skin during scraping is influenced in the circumferential direction by the scraping edges of the scraper rolls, causing the fur animal skin to rotate about its longitudinal axis.

Som følge af, at pelsdyrskindet bringes til at dreje om sin længdeakse, kan man opnå, at alle sklndpartier kommer i god kontakt med skraberullernes skrabende kanter og således 35 bliver udsat for en lige god afskrabning. Pelsdyrskindet kan føres ind mellem to eller flere 2 DK 173611 B1 efter hinanden følgende sæt af skraberuller og kan så bringes til at dreje sig i modsatte retninger i efter hinanden følgende sæt af ruller. Imidlertid bringes skindet fortrinsvis til at dreje sig i samme retning mellem hvert sæt ruller.As a result of causing the fur animal skin to rotate about its longitudinal axis, it is possible to achieve that all skin parts come into good contact with the scraping edges of the scraper rolls and thus are subjected to an equally good scraping. The fur animal skins can be inserted between two or more successive sets of scraper rolls and can then be turned in opposite directions in successive sets of rollers. However, the skin is preferably turned in the same direction between each set of rollers.

5 Pelsdyrskindet bringes fortrinsvis til at dreje således omkring længdeaksen, at skindet udsættes for en i hovedsagen ensartet spænding i periferiretningen. Man kan således opnå en langt mere skånsom behandling af skindet end ved hjælp af de kendte metoder.Preferably, the fur animal skin is rotated so that the longitudinal axis is exposed to a substantially uniform tension in the circumferential direction. Thus, a much more gentle treatment of the skin can be achieved than by the known methods.

Man kan endog behandle skind, der i forvejen har fået en rift eller en anden defekt, uden at denne defekt forværres.You can even treat skins that have already had a tear or other defect without exacerbating this defect.

1010

Det rørformede pelsdyrskind, der skal behandles, kan i princippet under behandlingen gives en hvilken som helst tværsnitsform. Imidlertid føres det rørformede pelsdyrskind fortrinsvis ind mellem skraberullerne i fladtrykt tilstand.The tubular fur animal skin to be treated can in principle be given any cross-sectional shape during treatment. However, the tubular fur animal skin is preferably inserted between the scraper rolls in the flattened state.

15 Det bedste resultat af skrabeprocessen opnås, når pelsdyrskindet, før det føres ind mellem skraberullerne, på kendt måde anbringes på en ved den forreste (regnet i bevægelsesretningen) ende tilspidset, fortrinsvis pladeformet dorn. Dornen gives en form, der svarer til formen af pelsdyrskindet, så at dette let kan føres ind over dornens forreste del og senere igen fjernes fra dornen, når skindet er blevet behandlet. Dornen kan have et 20 cirkulært, elliptisk eller et andet rundt tværsnit, eller tværsnittet kan være rektangulært, have form af en regulær polygon eller have en anden kantet form. Ved den foretrukne udførelsesform anbringes pelsdyrskindet imidlertid på en pladeformet dorn. En sådan dorn, der har et par modstående store sideflader, der er i hovedsagen plane, kan have to modstående små sideflader eller kantflader, der ligeledes er i hovedsagen plane, kantede 25 eller afrundede.The best result of the scraping process is obtained when the fur animal skin, before being inserted between the scraper rolls, is known, in a known manner, at a tapered end, preferably plate-shaped mandrel, at the front (calculated in the direction of movement). The mandrel is given a shape similar to that of the fur animal skin, so that it can be easily inserted over the front of the mandrel and later removed from the mandrel once the fur has been treated. The mandrel may have a circular, elliptical or other round cross-section, or the cross-section may be rectangular, take the form of a regular polygon, or have a different angular shape. However, in the preferred embodiment, the fur animal skin is placed on a plate-shaped mandrel. Such a mandrel having a pair of oppositely large side faces which are generally planar may have two opposing small side faces or edge faces which are also generally planar, angular, or rounded.

Når der anvendes en dorn, kan denne med påsat pelsdyrskind trækkes ind mellem skraberullerne ved hælp af en hvilken som helst passende bevægemekanisme, fx en hydraulisk eller pneumatisk cylinder. Som bevægemekanisme anvendes imidlertid 30 fortrinsvis en transportør, såsom et kædetræk.When a mandrel is used, it can be retracted with fur animal skins inserted between the scraper rolls by any suitable movement mechanism, for example a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. However, as a moving mechanism, a conveyor such as a chain pull is preferably used.

Transportøren bevæges således fortrinsvis langs en endeløs bane, og den forreste ende af domen med påsat pelsdyrskind kan da fastgøres udløseligt til transportøren og efter behandling frigøres fra denne. Anvendelsen af en endeløs transportør som 35 bevægemekanisme muliggør en kontinuerlig arbejdsproces, idet man kan tilføre et skind, 3 DK 173611 B1 der skal behandles til transportøren og/eller fjerne færdigtbehandlede skind fra denne, medens et eller flere andre skind behandles.Thus, the conveyor is preferably moved along an endless web, and the front end of the domed fur coat can then be releasably attached to the conveyor and, after treatment, released from it. The use of an endless conveyor as a moving mechanism allows for a continuous working process by adding a skin, to be treated to the conveyor and / or removing pre-treated skins from it, while one or more other skins are being treated.

Opfindelsen angår også et apparat til fjernelse af kød- og fedtrester fra kødsiden af et 5 rørformet pelsdyrskind, hvilket apparat har mindst to samvirkende skraberuller med skrabende kanter, bevægeorganer til i retning af det rørformede pelsdyrskinds længdeakse at bevæge pelsdyrskindet og skraberullerne således i forhold til hinanden, at pelsdyrskindet, der har kødsiden krænget udefter, bringes til at passere ind mellem skraberullerne, og drivorganer, der er indrettet til at bringe skraberullerne til at rotere med 10 modsatte omdrejningsretninger således, at skraberullerne i berøringspunkterne med skindet bevæges i retning mod skindets bevægelsesretning, og apparatet ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommeligt ved, at skraberullerne har således udformede skrabende kanter, at det rørformede skind under skrabningen bringes til at dreje omkring sin længdeakse. Derved kan man som tidligere forklaret opnå, at alle partier af skindets 15 kødside behandles lige godt. Som tidligere nævnt kan skindet bringes fortrinsvis til at dreje sig i samme retning mellem efter hinanden følgende sæt af skraberuller.The invention also relates to an apparatus for removing meat and fat residues from the meat side of a tubular fur animal skin, which apparatus has at least two cooperating scraper rolls with abrasive edges, moving means for moving the longitudinal axis of the furry fur skin so as to scrape each other in the scab rolls. that the fur animal skin having the meat side inclined outwardly is caused to pass in between the scraper rolls and drive means adapted to cause the scraper rolls to rotate in 10 opposite directions so that the scraper rolls in the contact points with the skin move in the direction of the skin's direction of movement. and the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the scraper rolls have such scraping edges that the tubular skin during the scraping is made to rotate about its longitudinal axis. Thus, as previously explained, it is possible to achieve that all portions of the meat side of the skin 15 are treated equally. As previously mentioned, the skin may preferably be rotated in the same direction between successive sets of scraper rolls.

Ved at give de skrabende kanter på hver af skraberullerne et ensartet forløb, der danner en spids vinkel med skraberullens rotationsakse, og ved at gøre de indbyrdes afstande 20 mellem de skrabende kanter i hovedsagen ens kan man opnå en ensartet og meget skånsom, men effektiv afskrabning af pelsdyrskindets kødside.By giving the scraping edges of each of the scraping rollers a uniform course, forming a pointed angle with the axis of rotation of the scraping roll, and by making the spacing 20 between the scraping edges substantially the same, a uniform and very gentle but effective scraping can be obtained. of the fur side of the fur animal skin.

De skrabende kanter på hver skraberulle kan definere en konkav eller en konveks flade og være indrettet til at samvirke med en tilsvarende konveks eller konkav flade på dornen.The scraping edges of each scraper roll may define a concave or convex surface and be adapted to cooperate with a corresponding convex or concave surface on the mandrel.

25 Imidlertid har domen som nævnt ovenfor fortrinsvis et par modstående, i hovedsagen plane store sideflader, og de skrabende kanter på hver af rullerne bestemmer da hensigtsmæssigt en cirkulær cylinderflade, ligesom hver af de skrabende kanter da passende kan have skruelinieform.However, as mentioned above, the dome preferably has a pair of opposite, generally planar, lateral surfaces, and the scraping edges of each of the rollers then suitably determine a circular cylinder surface, just as each of the scraping edges may suitably have helical shape.

30 De skrabende kanter på de to samvirkende skraberuller forløber fortrinsvis i samme periferiretning, idet den drejningspåvirkning, de to ruller udøver på skindet da vil virke i samme retning, og den spidse vinkel, som de skrabende kanter danner med rullens rotationsakse, kan være 5-20 grader, fortrinsvis 10-15 grader og bedst ca. 12 grader. Hvis denne spidse vinkel bliver for stor, vil rullens skrabeeffekt blive formindsket, medens 4 DK 173611 B1 drejningspåvirkningen af skindet vil blive tilsvarende forøget. Omvendt vil en for lille vinkel bevirke, at drejningspåvirkningen bliver for ringe.Preferably, the scraping edges of the two cooperating scraper rollers extend in the same circumferential direction, since the pivoting effect the two rollers exert on the skin will act in the same direction and the acute angle formed by the scraping edges with the axis of rotation can be 5- 20 degrees, preferably 10-15 degrees and best approx. 12 degrees. If this acute angle becomes too large, the scraping effect of the roller will be diminished, while the rotational influence of the skin will be correspondingly increased. Conversely, a too small angle will cause the pivot effect to be too small.

Bevægeorganerne kan omfatte en endeløs transportør, langs hvis bane skraberullerne og 5 eventuelle andre behandlingsstationer er anbragt, apparatet kan omfatte mindst én, fortrinsvis plan, pladeformet dorn, der er beregnet til under skrabningen at være anbragt inde i det rørformede peisdyrskind, og som ved sin - regnet i bevægelsesretningen under skrabeprocessen - forreste ende er tilspidset svarende til pelsdyrskindets form, og apparatet kan have udløselige forbindelsesorganer, der er indrettet til udløseligt at 10 forbinde den forreste ende af dornen med bevægelsesorganerne, og som fortrinsvis er indrettet til automatisk at fastlåse den forreste ende af dornen ved en skindpåsætningsstation og til automatisk at frigøre den forreste ende af dornen ved en aflæsningsstation for færdigt behandlede skind.The moving means may comprise an endless conveyor along which the web scraper rolls and any other processing stations are arranged, the apparatus may comprise at least one, preferably planar, plate-shaped mandrel intended to be housed within the tubular fireplace skin during scraping. - calculated in the direction of movement during the scraping process - the front end is tapered corresponding to the shape of the fur animal skin, and the apparatus may have releasable connecting means adapted to releasably connect the front end of the mandrel to the moving means and preferably arranged to automatically lock the front end of the mandrel at a skin application station and to automatically release the front end of the mandrel at a finished skin unloading station.

15 Den endeløse transportør kan eksempelvis omfatte et par med indbyrdes tværgående afstand anbragte endeløse remme eller kæder, og forbindelsesorganerne kan omfatte mindst én medbringer, der er forbundet med disse remme eller kæder. Dornen eller dornene kan så forbindes udløseligt med disse medbringere. De udløselige forbindelsesorganer kan have form af klemmer, hægter eller andre manuelt udløselige 20 forbindelsesindretninger eller låsemekanismer.The endless conveyor may comprise, for example, a pair of spaced endless belts or chains, and the connecting means may comprise at least one carrier connected to these belts or chains. The mandrel or mandrels can then be releasably connected to these carriers. The releasable connecting means may take the form of clamps, clasps or other manually releasable connecting devices or locking mechanisms.

De udløselige forbindelsesorganer kan omfatte med hinanden indgribende dele - fx et øje og en dermed indgribende tap - der er indrettet til at blive bragt ind i og ud af indgreb med hinanden ved en relativ bevægelse på tværs af det plan, der bestemmes af den endeløse 25 transportør mellem dennes vendehjul eller venderuller, og apparatet har fortrinsvis et antal ensartede dorne, hvis - regnet i transportørens bevægelsesretning - bageste ende er permanent fastgjort til transportøren, idet den bageste ende af dornene eventuelt kan være fastgjort via en hængselsforbindelse.The releasable connecting means may comprise interlocking portions - e.g., an eye and an intervening pin - adapted to be brought into and out of engagement with one another by a relative motion across the plane determined by the endless 25 The conveyor preferably has a plurality of mandrels, if - in the direction of movement of the conveyor - the rear end is permanently attached to the conveyor, the rear end of the mandrels possibly being secured via a hinge connection.

30 Forbindelsesorganerne kan være indrettet til at være i den låsende stilling på de strækninger af transportørens bevægelsesbane, hvor denne har et nogenlunde retliniet forløb, og til at blive udløst, hvor der sker en retningsændring af bevægelsesbanen, fx ved vendehjul eller venderuller, strammeruller eller lignende. Apparatet kan da arbejde kontinuerligt, idet de skind, der skal behandles, af en operatør kan påsættes hver af 35 dornene ved en påsætningsstation - fx ved den ene ende af transportøren - hvor 5 DK 173611 B1 forbindelsesorganerne er udløst. Efter påsætningen låses forbindelsesorganerne automatisk, og de færdigt behandlede skind kan aftages dornene ved den anden ende af transportøren, hvor forbindelsesorganerne ligeledes er udløst. Et sådant apparat vil være velegnet til at indgå i en produktionslinie til yderligere behandling af de skrabede skind.The connecting means may be arranged to be in the locking position on the stretches of the conveyor path of movement, where it has a fairly straight line, and to be released where there is a change of direction of the path of movement, for example by turning wheels or turning rollers, tensioner rollers or the like. . The apparatus can then operate continuously as the skins to be treated by an operator can be applied to each of the mandrels at an attachment station - for example at one end of the conveyor - where the connecting means are released. After application, the connecting means are automatically locked and the finished treated skins can be removed at the other end of the conveyor, where the connecting means are also released. Such an apparatus would be well suited to form part of a production line for further processing of the scraped skins.

5 Når den bageste ende af hver af dornene er fastgjort eller forbundet til transportøren via en hængselsforbindelse, kan dornene transporteres fra aflæsnings- til påsætningsstationen, idet de hænger ned fra transportørens nederste løb. Når dornen eller dornene har form af en plade, kan denne være af et fleksibelt eller elastisk materiale, fx elastisk plast, så at dornen kan bøjes.When the rear end of each of the mandrels is attached or connected to the conveyor via a hinge connection, the mandrels can be transported from the unloading to the attachment station as they hang down from the bottom bar of the conveyor. When the mandrel or mandrel is in the form of a plate, it may be of a flexible or resilient material, e.g., resilient plastic, so that the mandrel can be bent.

1010

Efter skrabeprocessen påføres skindets fugtige udvendige kødside normalt savsmuld. Apparatet har derfor fordelagtigt - regnet i transportørens bevægelsesretning - efter skraberullerne en behandlingsstation med påføringsorganer indrettet tif at påføre savsmuld eller et andet pulver- eller partikelformet materiale til modstående sider af det 15 på dornen anbragte peisdyrskind, hvilke påføringsorganer fortrinsvis omfatter en beholder for det pulver- eller partikelformede materiale med en nedadvendende udtømningsåbning umiddelbart oven over bevægelsesbanen fordet på dornen anbragte pelsdyrskind samt en lodret under denne udtømningsåbning og umiddelbart under bevægelsesbanen anbragt opadtil åben beholder, ligesom der i den opadtil åbne beholder fortrinsvis findes 20 organer til at presse det pulver eller partikelformede materiale i opadgående retning, hvorved det sikres, at også undersiden af skindet bliver påført savsmuldet eller det partikelformede materiale.After the scraping process, the moist outer flesh side of the skin is usually applied to sawdust. Therefore, the apparatus advantageously - calculated in the direction of movement of the conveyor - has, after the scraper rollers, a treatment station with application means arranged to apply sawdust or other powder or particulate material to opposite sides of the fireplace skin placed on the mandrel, which application means preferably comprises a container for the powder. or particulate material having a downwardly discharging orifice immediately above the path of movement for the fur animal fur, and a vertical beneath this discharge orifice and immediately below the path of movement located upwardly open container, and preferably in the upwardly open container there are 20 means for pressing the particle in an upward direction, thereby ensuring that the underside of the skin is also applied to the sawdust or particulate material.

Der kan langs transportøren findes en domrensestation med roterende renseorganer, fx 25 børster, til rensning af de passerende tomme dorne. Derved kan savsmuld og andre fremmedlegemer fjernes fra dornene, inden de fra aflæsningsstationen føres tilbage til påsætningsstationen.There may be located along the conveyor a judging station with rotary cleaning means, e.g. 25 brushes, for cleaning the passing empty mandrels. This allows sawdust and other foreign matter to be removed from the mandrels before being returned to the application station from the unloading station.

Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive nærmere forklaret under henvisning til tegningen, på 30 hvilken,The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 meget skematisk viser en udførelsesform for apparatet ifølge opfindelsen set i perspektiv,FIG. 1 is a very diagrammatic perspective view of an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention;

Fig. 2 viser i større målestok en skraberulle set fra oven,FIG. 2 shows on a larger scale a scraper roll seen from above,

Fig. 3 viser set fra enden og i mindre målestok end i fig.2 et par samvirkende skraberuller 35 og en mellemliggende pladeformet dorn, og 6 DK 173611 B1FIG. 3 is a bottom view and on a smaller scale than in FIG. 2 a pair of cooperating scraper rolls 35 and an intermediate plate-shaped mandrel; and 6 DK 173611 B1

Fig. 4 og 5 viser i større målestok den ene ende af den i fig. 1 viste transportør med en dornlåseindretning i forskellige stillinger.FIG. 4 and 5 show, on a larger scale, one end of the one shown in FIG. 1 with a mandrel locking device in various positions.

Fig. 1 illustrerer et apparat eller maskine ifølge opfindelsen til at skrabe kød- eller 5 fedtrester af kødsiden af et pelsdyrskind. Den viste maskine har en kædetransportør 10 med to over for hinanden beliggende endeløse kæder eller lænker 11, der er ført omkring kædehjul 12. Et antal forbindelsesdele eller medbringere 13 strækker sig mellem de to kæder 11 og disse medbringere er forsynet med udføselige låseindretninger 14, der gør det muligt at fastgøre en tilspidset ende af en pladeformet dorn eller støtteplade 15 til en 10 af medbringerne. En stationær anlægsplade 16 er anbragt således , at medbringerne 13 mellem kæderne 11's øverste løb under transportørens funktion kommer til at bevæge sig hen over og i ringe lodret afstand fra anlægspladen 16. Kædehjulene 12 og dermed kæderne 11 kan ved hjælp af en ikke vist elektromotor og en tilhørende gearmekanisme bringes til 15 at bevæge sig med en ønsket passende hastighed.FIG. 1 illustrates an apparatus or machine according to the invention for scraping meat or fat residues from the meat side of a fur animal skin. The machine shown has a chain conveyor 10 with two opposite endless chains or links 11 guided around sprockets 12. A plurality of connecting members or carriers 13 extend between the two chains 11 and these carriers are provided with removable locking devices 14 which makes it possible to attach a tapered end of a plate-shaped mandrel or support plate 15 to a 10 of the carriers. A stationary abutment plate 16 is arranged so that the carriers 13 between the upper running of the chains 11 during the conveyor function will move across and at a small vertical distance from the abutment plate 16. The sprockets 12 and thus the chains 11 can, by means of an electric motor not shown. an associated gear mechanism is caused to move at a desired appropriate speed.

I anlægspladen 16 er der udformet et par åbninger 17 og ud for hver af disse åbninger er der anbragt en nederste skraberulie 18, hvis øverste del nogenlunde flugter med eller rager lidt op over pladen 16’s overside. Hver af de nederste skraberuller 18 er anbragt på 20 en drivende elektromotor 19’s aksel.In the abutment plate 16 a pair of apertures 17 are formed and next to each of these apertures is placed a lower scraper roll 18, the upper part of which roughly aligns with or protrudes slightly over the top surface of the plate 16. Each of the lower scraper rollers 18 is disposed on a shaft of a driving electric motor 19.

Hver af de nederste skraberuller 18 samarbejder med en ovenover anbragt, tilsvarende øverste skraberulie 20, der er anbragt på akselen af hver sin drivende elektromotor 21.Each of the lower scraper rolls 18 cooperates with an overhead located corresponding to the upper scraper roll 20 disposed on the shaft of each driving electric motor 21.

Disse elektromotorer 21 med tilhørende øverste skraberuller 20 er på ikke vist måde 25 monteret svingbart i forhold til den øvrige del af skrabemaskinens stativ og dermed i forhold til de tilhørende nederste skraberuller 18 således, at de øverste skraberuller 20 kan presses mod de tilhørende nederste skraberuller 18 og løftes opefter i forhold til disse, fx ved hjælp af ikke viste pneumatiske cylindre.These electric motors 21 with associated top scraper rolls 20 are not pivotally mounted 25 in relation to the other part of the scraper stand and thus with respect to the associated bottom scraper rolls 18 so that the upper scraper rollers 20 can be pressed against the associated lower scraper rolls 18 and raised upwards relative thereto, for example by means of pneumatic cylinders not shown.

30 Oven over anlægspladen 16 er der ved den ene ende af maskinen eller apparatet anbragt en nedadtil åben beholder 22 for savsmuld eller et andet pulver- eller partikelformet materiale. Ud for beholderen 22’s nederste åbning er der i anlægspladen 16 udformet en åbning 23, og under anlægspladen 16 og ud for denne åbning 23 er der anbragt en opadtil åben beholder eller et 7 DK 173611 B1 trug 24. I truget er der monteret en rotor 25, der fx kan have form af en snekke, og som kan bringes til at rotere af en tilhørende, ikke vist drivmotor eller af en af skrabemaskinens øvrige drivmekanismer.30 Above the abutment plate 16, at one end of the machine or apparatus is placed a downwardly open saw 22 container for sawdust or other powder or particulate material. Next to the lower opening of the container 22, an opening 23 is formed in the abutment plate 16, and below the abutment plate 16 and next to this opening 23 an upwardly open container or a trough 24. A rotor 25 is mounted in the trough. , which may, for example, be in the form of a worm, and which may be caused to rotate by an associated, not shown drive motor or by one of the other drive mechanisms of the scraper.

5 Hver dom eller støtteplade 15 kan som illustreret i fig. 1 være fastgjort til en tværstang 26, fx ved en hængselsforbindelse, så at domen 15, når de transporteres langs transportøren 10’s nederste løb vil hænge nedefter fra dette. Dornens eller støttepladens frie, tilspidsede ende kan, som det senere vil blive forklaret mere detaljeret, fastlåses til en foran beliggende medbringer 13, når denne når frem til transportøren 10’s øverste løb.Each judgment or support plate 15 may, as illustrated in FIG. 1 may be attached to a cross bar 26, for example by a hinge connection, so that, when transported along the lower run of conveyor 10, the dome 15 will hang downwardly therefrom. The free, tapered end of the mandrel or support plate can, as will be explained in more detail later, be locked to a front carrier 13 when it reaches the upper race of carrier 10.

1010

Skraberulleme 18 og 20 kan som konventionelle skraberuller være fremstillet af plast eller hårdt gummi. Hver af rullerne har, som det er vist i fig. 2 og 3, et antal skrabekanter 27, der definerer en cirkulær cylindrisk flade, og som med nogenlunde lige store indbyrdes perifere afstande hver især forløber i hovedsagen langs en skruelinie.The conventional scraper rollers 18 and 20 may be made of plastic or hard rubber, as conventional scrapers. Each of the rollers has, as shown in FIG. 2 and 3, a plurality of scraper edges 27 defining a circular cylindrical surface, each having substantially equal peripheral distances, each extending substantially along a helical line.

15 Skruelinien danner med rullens rotationsakse en vinkel v, der er 10-15 grader, fortrinsvis ca. 12 grader. Hvert samvirkende par af en nederste og en øverste skraberulle, henholdsvis 18 og 20 bringes af de tilhørende drivmotorer, henholdsvis 19 og 21, til at rotere i modsatte retninger, som det er antydet med pile i fig. 3. Når en dom eller støtteplade 15 med et derpå anbragt rørformet pelsdyrskind, der har kødsiden krænget 20 udefter, af transportøren 10 føres ind mellem rullerne 18 og 20, bevæges den som antydet med en pil 28 i en sådan retning, at begge rullerne på kontaktstedeme med pelsdyrskindet bevæger sig i modsat retning.With the rotary axis of the roller, the helix forms an angle v which is 10-15 degrees, preferably approx. 12 degrees. Each cooperating pair of a bottom and a top scraper roller, 18 and 20, respectively, is caused by the associated drive motors 19 and 21 respectively to rotate in opposite directions, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 3. When a mandrel or supporting plate 15 with a tubular fur animal skin having the meat side inclined 20 outwardly is inserted by the conveyor 10 between the rollers 18 and 20, it is moved as indicated by an arrow 28 in such a direction that both rollers of the contact points with the fur animal skin move in the opposite direction.

Fig. 4 og 5 illustrerer en udførelsesform for den udløselige låseindretning 14. Den viste 25 låseindretning er dannet af et fremspring eller en tap 29, der er udformet på hver af medbringerne 13, og af en langsgående låsearm 30, i hvis frie ende der er udformet en udskæring 31, og armen er ved sin modstående ende fast forbundet med en tværstang 32, der strækker sig mellem kæderne 11, og som regnet i transportørenlO's bevægelsesretning ligger i en afstand efter medbringeren 13. Dornen eller støttepladen 30 15 for et pelsdyrskind, der skal skrabes i skrabemaskinen, har ved sin forreste tilspidsede ende et øje 33, der kan optage tappen 29. Så længe medbringeren 13 og låsearmen 30 bevæger sig langs en del af transportøren 10’s bevægelsesbane, der har et nogenlunde retlinjet forløb, vil tappen 29’s yderste frie ende være i indgreb med låsearmen 30’s udskæring 31, se fig. 4. Når transportørens eller kæderne 11's bevægelsesbaner ikke 8 DK 173611 B1 længere er retlinjet, fx ved kædehjulene 12, vil låseindretningen som illustreret i fig. 5 åbne sig, så at dornen 15's tilspidsede ende frigøres.FIG. 4 and 5 illustrate an embodiment of the releasable locking device 14. The 25 locking device shown is formed by a protrusion or pin 29 formed on each of the carriers 13, and by a longitudinal locking arm 30, the free end of which is formed a cutout 31, and the arm at its opposite end is firmly connected to a cross bar 32 extending between the chains 11 and, as calculated in the direction of movement of the conveyor 10, located at a distance after the carrier 13. The mandrel or support plate 30 15 for a fur animal skin to be scraped in the scraper machine, at its forward tapered end, has an eye 33 capable of receiving the pin 29. As long as the carrier 13 and the locking arm 30 move along a portion of the path of movement of the conveyor 10 which has a somewhat straight line, the outer free end of the pin 29 will be in engagement with the cut-out 31 of the locking arm 30, see fig. 4. When the paths of movement of the conveyor or chains 11 are no longer straight, eg at the sprockets 12, the locking device as illustrated in FIG. 5 open so that the tapered end of the mandrel 15 is released.

Den på tegningen illustrerede skrabemaskine fungerer på følgende måde: 5The scraper illustrated in the drawing functions as follows: 5

Ved venstre ende af transportøren 10 i fig. 1 kan der være en påsætningsstation, hvor en operatør fører de rørformede pelsdyrskind, hvis kødsider skal skrabes, ind over den tilspidsede ende af dornene eller støttepladerne 15, efterhånden som disse langs transportørens nederste løb føres frem tii påsætningsstationen. Når operatøren har påsat 10 et skind, fører han øjet 33 i dornen eller støttepladen 15 ind over tappen 29 på medbringeren 13. Efter at dornens forreste tilspidsede ende er blevet fastlåst til medbringeren ved hjælp af låsearmen 30, trækkes dornen 15 med pelsdyrskindet ind mellem det første par skraberuller 18, 20 Afstanden mellem rullerne styres ved hjælp af skrabemaskinens pneumatiksystem således, at medbringeren 13 og låseindretningen 14 15 frit kan passere ind mellem rullerne, men umiddelbart efter trykkes drivmotoren 21 med den øverste skraberulle 20 af pneumatikcylinderen nedefter i indgreb med den nederste skraberuile 18 samtidig med, at rullerne roterer i modsatte retninger som forklaret i forbindelse med fig. 3. Derved vil rullernes skrabende kanter 27 på kendt måde skrabe rester af kød og fedt fra de partier af pelsdyrskindets kødside, de kommer i kontakt med.At the left end of the conveyor 10 in FIG. 1, there may be an attachment station where an operator guides the tubular fur animals whose meat sides are to be scraped over the tapered end of the mandrels or support plates 15 as they advance along the conveyor's lower run to the attachment station. When the operator has applied a skin 10, he enters the eye 33 in the mandrel or support plate 15 over the pin 29 of the carrier 13. After the forward tapered end of the mandrel is locked to the carrier by the locking arm 30, the mandrel 15 with the fur animal skin is retracted between it. first pair of scraper rolls 18, 20 The distance between the rollers is controlled by means of the pneumatic system of the scraper so that the driver 13 and the locking device 14 15 can freely pass between the rollers, but immediately afterwards the drive motor 21 with the upper scraper roll 20 of the pneumatic cylinder is pressed downwards in engagement with the lower one. scraper bar 18 while the rollers rotate in opposite directions as explained in connection with FIG. 3. In this way, the scraping edges 27 of the rollers will, in known manner, scrape off remnants of meat and fat from the portions of the meat side of the fur skin they come into contact with.

2020

Skrabekanterne 27 på rullerne 18 og 20 har som nævnt ovenfor et skruelinjeformet forløb, hvilket bevirker, at pelsdyrskindet under skrabeprocessen vil blive påvirket afen tværgående kraft. Da de skruelinjeformede skrabekanter 27 på de to samvirkende ruller forløber i samme retning, vil de to skraberuller påvirke pelsdyrskindet med tværkræfter, 25 der påvirker skindet til drejning i samme retning omkring dornen eller støttepladen 15.As mentioned above, the scraper edges 27 of the rollers 18 and 20 have a helical course, which causes the fur animal skin during the scraping process to be affected by transverse force. As the helical scraper edges 27 of the two co-operating rollers extend in the same direction, the two scraper rolls will affect the fur animal skin with transverse forces 25 affecting the skin to rotate in the same direction around the mandrel or support plate 15.

Derved vil skindet blive drejet omkring dornen 15, hvilket bevirker, at alle partier af skindets kødside udsættes for skraberullernes skrabevirkning.Thereby, the skin will be rotated about the mandrel 15, causing all portions of the flesh side of the skin to be subjected to the scraping action of the scraper rolls.

Efter at dornen 15 med pelsdyrskindet har passeret mellem det første par skraberuller 18, 30 20, bevæges det af transportøren 10 på tilsvarende måde mellem det andet par ruller og derefter mellem eventuelle, ikke viste yderligere par skraberuller. Efter hinanden følgende par af skraberuller kan påvirke pelsdyrskindet til drejning i samme retning eller i modsatte retninger.After the mandrel 15 of the fur animal skin has passed between the first pair of scraper rolls 18, 30 20, it is moved by the conveyor 10 similarly between the second pair of rollers and then between any additional pairs of scraper rolls not shown. Successive pairs of scraper rolls can affect the fur skin for rotation in the same direction or in opposite directions.

9 DK 173611 B19 DK 173611 B1

Efter at dornen 15 med pelsdyrskindet har passeret alle skraberuller, trækkes den af transportøren 10 ind gennem mellemrummet mellem savsmuldsbeholderen 22’s nedad rettede åbning og truget 24’$ opad rettede åbning. Derved vil oversiden af pelsdyrskindet blive påført savsmuld fra beholderen 22, medens rotoren 25 vil presse savsmuld fra truget 5 24 op mod undersiden af skindet. Følgelig vil pelsdyrskindets afskrabede kødside blive pudret med savsmuld på både under- og overside.After the fur 15 with the fur animal skin has passed all scraper rolls, it is retracted by the conveyor 10 through the gap between the downwardly facing opening of the sawdust container 22 and the trough 24 '$ upward opening. Thereby, the top surface of the fur animal skin will be applied to sawdust from the container 22, while the rotor 25 will press sawdust from the trough 5 24 up against the underside of the skin. Consequently, the scraped flesh face of the furry animal will be powdered with sawdust on both the underside and the top side.

Når dornen med det færdigt behandlede pelsdyrskind når frem til transportøren 10’s modsatte ende (højre ende i fig.1), vil låseindretningen 14 automatisk åbne sig som 10 illustreret i fig. 5. Hvis dornen 15 er hængselsforbundet til en tværstang 32, må dornen være fremstillet af et elastisk bøjeligt materiale, så at den kan følge kæderne 11's’ krumning ved kædehjulene. Når låseindretningen 14 har åbnet sig, vil dornen 15’s forreste ende frigøre sig, og det færdigt behandlede pelsdyrskind kan af sig selv falde af dornen ved en aflæsningsstation.When the mandrel with the finished treated fur animal skin reaches the opposite end of the conveyor 10 (right end in FIG. 1), the locking device 14 will automatically open as 10 illustrated in FIG. 5. If the mandrel 15 is hingedly connected to a cross bar 32, the mandrel must be made of a resiliently flexible material so that it can follow the curvature of the chains 11 at the sprockets. When the locking device 14 has opened, the front end of the mandrel 15 will release and the finished fur coat may of itself fall off the mandrel at a unloading station.

1515

Dornene 15 behøver ikke ved deres bageste ender at være permanent forbundet med tværstængerne 32. Hvis der anvendes løse dorne eller støtteplader 15, fastgøres kun den forreste tilspidsede ende af dornen til transportøren 10 ved hjælp af låseindretningen 14. Dornens bageste ende kan så under skrabeprocessen holdes mod anlægspladen 16 ved 20 hjælp af ikke viste nedholderruller elfer andre passende organer.The mandrels 15 need not be permanently connected at their rear ends to the cross bars 32. If loose mandrels or support plates 15 are used, only the front tapered end of the mandrel is secured to the conveyor 10 by means of the locking device 14. The rear end of the mandrel can then be held during the scraping process. against the abutment plate 16 by means of holding rollers not shown or other suitable means.

Dornene 15 skal ikke nødvendigvis have pladeform, men kan have et andet ønsket tværsnit. Ligeledes kan der anvendes skraberullesæt med mere end to ruller, når blot de skrabende kanter på disse er udformet sådan, at skindet under skrabeprocessen af 25 rullesættet bringes til at dreje sig i en og samme retning i forhold til dornen, så at alle dele af skindets kødside kommer i kontakt med skraberullerne.The mandrels 15 do not necessarily have plate shape but may have another desired cross section. Also, scraper roller sets with more than two rolls can be used, provided that the scraping edges thereof are designed such that during the scraping process of the roller set, the skin is rotated in one and the same direction relative to the mandrel so that all parts of the skin meat side comes into contact with the scraper rolls.

Eksempel 30 Minkskind blev behandlet i en skrabemaskine som den, der er er illustreret på tegningen.Example 30 Minkskin was treated in a scraper like the one illustrated in the drawing.

Der anvendtes skraberuller, der hver især havde ti skruelinieformede skrabende kanter, der definerede en cirkulær cylinderflade med en yderdiameter på 134 mm, og som var ensartet fordelt langs skraberullens periferi. Hver af de skrabende kanter dannede med rullens rotationsakse en vinkel på 11,59 grader, og rullens aksiale længde var 200 mm.Scraper rolls were used, each having ten helical scraping edges, defining a circular cylinder surface with an outer diameter of 134 mm, which was uniformly distributed along the circumference of the scraper roller. Each of the scraping edges formed with the axis of rotation an angle of 11.59 degrees and the axial length of the roller was 200 mm.

35 Skraberullerne blev drevet med et omdrejningstal på 1400 omdrejninger pr. minut.35 The scraper rolls were operated at a speed of 1400 rpm. minute.

10 DK 173611 B110 DK 173611 B1

Det viste sig, at kød- og fedtrester var effektivt fjernet overalt på de behandlede minkskinds kødsider. Endvidere var skrabebehandlingen særlig skånsom, idet selv defekte skind med snit bfevet behandlet uden at disse defekter blev forøget.It was found that meat and fat residues were effectively removed everywhere on the meat sides of the treated mink skin. Furthermore, the scraping treatment was particularly gentle as even defective skins with cut were treated without increasing these defects.

Claims

5 PATENT REQUIREMENTS

A method for removing meat and fat residues from the meat side of a tubular fur animal, which with the meat side curved outwards and in the direction of the fur animal longitudinal axis, is caused to pass between at least two cooperating, in opposite directions 10 rotating scraper rolls (18,20), in the points of contact with the skin, the direction of movement of the skin is moved, characterized in that the tubular skin during the scraping is actuated in the circumferential direction by the scraping edges (27) of the scraper rolls (18,20) causing the fur animal skin to rotate about its longitudinal axis. 15

Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fur animal skin, before being inserted between the scraper rolls (18, 20), is applied to a mandrel (15) at the forward (calculated in the direction of movement) end.

Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the mandrel (15) with fur coat is applied by means of a conveyor (10) between the scraper rollers (18, 20).

Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the conveyor (10) is moved along an endless web and that the front end of the mandrel (15) with fur coat is attached releasably to the conveyor and after treatment is released from it. Apparatus for removing meat and fat residues from the meat side of a tubular fur animal skin, which apparatus has at least two cooperating scraper rolls (18,20) with scraping edges (27), moving means (10) for moving in the longitudinal axis of the tubular fur animal skin the fur animal skin and scraper rolls relative to each other such that the fur animal skin having the meat side inclined outwardly is caused to pass in between the scraper rolls and drive means (19, 21) arranged to cause the scraper rolls (18, 20) to rotate with opposite directions of rotation such that the scraper rolls in the contact points with the skin move in the direction of the direction of movement of the skin, characterized in that the scraper rolls (18, 20) have shaped scraping edges (27) which cause the tubular skin during rotation to rotate. around its axis of mass.

Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the scraping edges (27) on each of the scraper rolls (18, 20) have a uniform course which forms an acute angle (v) with the axis of rotation of the scraper roll and that the distances between them the scraping edges are essentially the same.

Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the scraping edges (27) of the two cooperating scraper rolls (18, 20) extend in the same circumferential direction that the acute angle (v) as the scraping edges (27) forming with the axis of rotation of the roller (18.20) is 5-20 degrees, preferably 10-15 degrees and best approx. 12 degrees.

Apparatus according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that the moving means comprise an endless conveyor (10) along which the scraper rollers (18, 20) and any other processing stations (22, 24) are arranged, that the apparatus comprising at least one preferably flat, plate-shaped dome (15), which is intended to be placed inside the tubular fur animal skin during scraping and which, at its forward direction during the scraping process, has its forward end tapered corresponding to the shape of the fur animal skin and that the apparatus has releasable connecting means (14) adapted to releasably connect the front end of the mandrel (15) to the moving means (10), and which is preferably adapted to automatically lock the front end of the mandrel (15) at a skin application station and to automatically release the anterior end of the mandrel at a finished skin unloading station. 25

Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the releasable connecting means (14) comprise engaging portions (29, 30) arranged to be brought into and out of engagement with each other by a relative movement across the plane determined by the endless conveyor (10) between its turning wheels or rollers (12), and that the apparatus preferably has a plurality of uniform mandrels (15) whose - calculated in the direction of movement of the conveyor - the rear end is permanently attached to the conveyor (10), the rear end of each of the mandrels (15) being optionally secured via a hinge connection. DK 173611 B1 12

Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that - calculated in the direction of movement of the conveyor (10) - after the scraper rollers (18, 20), a processing station (22, 24) with application means (25) is arranged to apply sawdust or the other powdered or particulate material to opposite sides of the fur animal skin disposed on the mandrel (15), the application means preferably comprising a container (22) for the powdered or particulate material having a downwardly discharging discharge opening immediately above the path of movement of the mandrel (15) fur skins and a vertical one below this discharge opening and immediately below the path of movement arranged upwardly open container (24), and in the upwardly open container (24) means (25) 10 are preferably provided for pressing the powder or particulate material upwards.