DK169361B1 - Ventilation apparatus with regenerative heat exchange - Google Patents
Ventilation apparatus with regenerative heat exchange Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK169361B1 DK169361B1 DK148090A DK148090A DK169361B1 DK 169361 B1 DK169361 B1 DK 169361B1 DK 148090 A DK148090 A DK 148090A DK 148090 A DK148090 A DK 148090A DK 169361 B1 DK169361 B1 DK 169361B1
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- distribution
- inlet
- duct
- air
- ventilated
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units
Description
DK 169361 B1DK 169361 B1
VENTILATIONSAPPARAT MED REGENERATIV VARMEVEKSLINGVENTILATOR WITH REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGE
Den foreliggende opfindelse vedrører et ventilationsapparat 5 baseret på et regenerativt varmevekslingsprincip, hvilket apparat omfatter indløbs- og udløbskanaler samt indløbs- og udløbsluf tåbninger, to ventilatorer og to celleenheder, som er anbragt i kanalerne for at genvinde varme, samt organer til at ændre strømningsretningen i kanalerne på en sådan 10 måde, at indløbsluften og udløbsluften vekselvis strømmer gennem samme celleenhed i modsatte retninger.The present invention relates to a ventilation apparatus 5 based on a regenerative heat exchange principle, which apparatus comprises inlet and outlet ducts as well as inlet and outlet air openings, two fans and two cell units arranged in the ducts for recovering heat, and means for changing the direction of flow in the ducts in such a way that the inlet air and the outlet air alternately flow through the same cell unit in opposite directions.
I sådanne ventilationsapparater baseres varmegenvindingen på to massive celleenheder, hvor luften ledes gennem med 15 skiftende retning. Når luft fjernes fra en bygning via den ene celle, ledes indløbsluften gennem den anden celle. Såfremt der er stor forskel mellem udendørs- og indendørstem-peraturerne, ændres temperaturen hurtigt i cellerne. Således afkøles cellen, som gennemstrømmes af kold tilførsels-20 luft, mens cellen, der gennemstrømmes af afgangsluften, opvarmes. Med datastyrede mellemrum omstyres ventilatorernes strømningsretning, og den varme celle begynder igen at afgive varme til tilførselsluften samtidigt med, at den kolde celle genvinder varme fra afgangsluften.In such ventilation apparatus, the heat recovery is based on two massive cell units, the air being passed through with 15 changing directions. When air is removed from a building via one cell, the inlet air is passed through the other cell. If there is a large difference between the outdoor and indoor temperatures, the temperature changes rapidly in the cells. Thus, the cell flowing through cold supply air is cooled while the cell flowing through the exhaust air is heated. At data controlled intervals, the flow direction of the fans is reversed, and the hot cell starts again to supply heat to the supply air while the cold cell recovers heat from the exhaust air.
2525
Fordelene ved et ventilationsapparat af denne art er at der opnås en høj nyttevirkning og en ubetydelig- kuldef ølsomhed, og desuden kan apparatet tilmed overføre fugtighed fra afgangsluften til tilførselsluften.The advantages of a ventilation apparatus of this kind are that a high efficiency and insignificant cold sensitivity are obtained, and in addition the apparatus can transfer moisture from the exhaust air to the supply air.
3030
Ulemperne med disse apparater har tidligere været den periodiske blæsning af tilførselsluften. Siden indblæsning og udsugning skifter retning på steder i nærheden af hinanden, har dette medført træk. Problemet har været særlig skade-35 ligt i lave bygninger for husdyr, hvor træk let fører til sygdomme, især i kostalde og svinestier, hvor dyrene let DK 169361 B1 2 bliver snavsede.The disadvantages of these appliances have previously been the periodic blowing of the supply air. Since blow-in and extraction change direction in places near each other, this has resulted in traits. The problem has been particularly damaging in low-rise buildings for livestock, where traits easily lead to diseases, especially in diets and pig paths, where the animals become easily soiled.
Det er formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse at forbedre det til regenerativ optagelse af varme indrettede apparat, 5 så luften i det væsentlige kontinuerligt kan indblæses gen nem tilførselsåbningerne samtidigt med, at indblæsningen af luften i rummet, der skal ventileres, kan styres og fordeles på ønsket måde.It is an object of the present invention to improve the regenerative uptake of heat-adapted apparatus so that the air can be substantially continuously blown in through the supply openings, while at the same time allowing the supply of air in the room to be ventilated to be controlled and distributed. manner.
10 Med opfindelsen tages der ydermere sigte på at frembringe et ventilationsapparat, som er velegnet for ventilation af bygninger for husdyr, så man i tilgift til styret og trækfri indblæsning i høj grad kan påvirke det ventilerede rums temperatur og fugtighed.The invention further aims to provide a ventilation apparatus which is suitable for ventilating buildings for livestock, so that in addition to controlled and draft-free ventilation, the temperature and humidity of the ventilated room can be greatly influenced.
1515
Dette formål opnås ved et ventilationsapparat af den indledningsvist angivne art, hvilket apparat ifølge opfindelsen er særegent ved, at mindst to kanaldele, der hver omfatter en ventilator og en celleenhed og skiftevis 20 fungerer som indløbs- og udløbsluftkanaler, er koblet til en fælles fordelingskanal ved hjælp af hver sin fordelingsenhed, hvorved et fordelingskammer, som er koblet til indløbs-og udløbskanalen, er adskilt 25 a) fra fordelingskanalen ved hjælp af et første spjæld eller en tilsvarende indretning, der muliggør en envejsrettet strømning, som tillader en strømning fra det nævnte fordelingskammer til fordelingskanalen, og 30 b) fra det rum, som skal ventileres, ved hjælp af et andet spjæld eller en tilsvarende indretning, som muliggør en envejsrettet strømning fra det rum, som skal ventileres, og til fordelingskammeret, idet fordelingskanalen er udstyret med indløbsluftåbninger.This object is achieved by a ventilation apparatus of the above-mentioned type, which apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that at least two duct parts, each comprising a fan and a cell unit and alternately 20 act as inlet and outlet air ducts, are coupled to a common distribution duct at by means of a separate distribution unit, whereby a distribution chamber coupled to the inlet and outlet duct is separated a) from the distribution duct by means of a first damper or a corresponding device enabling a one-way flow allowing a flow from said b) from the space to be ventilated by means of another damper or similar device which allows a one-way flow from the space to be ventilated and to the distribution chamber, the distribution channel being provided with inlet air openings .
3535
Ifølge en foretrukken udførelsesform for opfindelsen er r - ^^___ ____ DK 169361 B1 3 ventilatoren anbragt oven over den med cirkulært tværsnit udformede celleenhed og i den ligeledes med cirkulært tværsnit tildannede, lodret orienterede indløbs- og udløbsluf tkanal, hvis nedre ende via fordelingsenheden er 5 koblet til den vandret orienterede fordelingskanal.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fan is arranged above the circular cross sectional cell unit and in the circular cross section, vertically oriented inlet and outlet air duct, the lower end of which is via the distribution unit. 5 coupled to the horizontally oriented distribution channel.
Ifølge en yderligere foretrukken udførelsesform for opfindelsen forløber fordelingskanalen over størstedelen af længden af det rum, der skal ventileres, og er udformet med 10 flere indløbsluftåbninger.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the distribution channel extends over most of the length of the space to be ventilated and is provided with 10 more inlet air openings.
Ventilationsapparatet ifølge opfindelsen vil blive forklaret nærmere i det følgende ved hjælp af en udførelsesform under henvisning til tegningen, hvor: 15The ventilation apparatus according to the invention will be explained in more detail below by means of an embodiment with reference to the drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 viser en væsentlig del af et ventilationsapparat ifølge opfindelsen i snit set fra to modsatte sider, 20 fig. 2 viser det med linien II-II i fig. 1 viste snit, og fig. 3 skematisk viser apparatets styreorgan.FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a substantial part of a ventilation apparatus according to the invention seen from two opposite sides; FIG. 2 shows the line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows schematically the control means of the apparatus.
Apparatet omfatter to adskilte indløbs- og udløbsluftkana-25 ler 1, der i det illustrerede tilfælde har runde tværsnit og er anbragt lodret. I kanalen 1 findes en ventilator 2, og neden under denne en celleenhed 3 for optagelse af varme, og luften kan blæses opad og nedad gennem celleenheden i afhængighed af ventilatorens 2 rotationsretning.The apparatus comprises two separate inlet and outlet air ducts 1, which in the illustrated case have round cross sections and are arranged vertically. In the duct 1 there is a fan 2, and below it a cell unit 3 for receiving heat, and the air can be blown upwards and downwards through the cell unit depending on the direction of rotation of the fan 2.
3030
Den nederste ende af hver kanal 1 er sluttet til en fordelingsenhed 4 med et fordelingskammer 5, der står i forbindelse med en vandret fordelingskanal 6 via et første spjæld 7. Spjældet tillader kun strømning i retning fra forde-35 lingskammeret 5 til fordelingskanalen 6. På den ene side af fordelingsenheden 4 findes et andet spjæld 8, der kun til- 4 DK 169361 B1 lader strømning i retning fra omgivelserne (det rum, der skal ventileres) til fordelingskammeret 5.The lower end of each channel 1 is connected to a distribution unit 4 with a distribution chamber 5 which communicates with a horizontal distribution channel 6 via a first damper 7. The damper only allows flow in the direction from the distribution chamber 5 to the distribution channel 6. On on one side of the distribution unit 4 is another damper 8 which only allows flow in the direction from the surroundings (the space to be ventilated) to the distribution chamber 5.
Fordelingskanalen 6 strækker sig i en ønsket længde ind i 5 stort set størstedelen af det rum, der skal ventileres, for at frembringe en jævnt fordelt indblæsning til ønskede steder i det ventilerede rum. Fordelingskanalen 6 har indløbsluf tåbninger 9, gennem hvilke indblæsningen bedst sker vandret, for eksempel langs med loftet i det rum, der skal 10 ventileres.The distribution duct 6 extends at a desired length into 5 substantially the majority of the space to be ventilated, to produce an evenly distributed blow-in to desired locations in the ventilated space. The distribution duct 6 has inlet air openings 9, through which the supply is best done horizontally, for example along the ceiling in the room to be ventilated.
Et styreorgan 10, som vises på fig. 3, styrer ventilatorernes 2 rotationshastighed, det vil sige ventilationshastigheden, samt også omstyring af ventilatorernes 2 rotations-15 retninger og omstyringshyppigheden. Operatøren skal blot vælge temperatur og ønsket fugtighed ved hjælp af i styreorganet 10 indbyggede valgkontakter eller drejeknapper. Det er indlysende, at der til en så mangesidig styring kræves en datamat (mikroprocessor). Styreorganet 10 indeholder al 20 nødvendig elektrisk udrustning, såsom kontakter, motorbeskyttelse, temperatur- og fugtighedskilder.A control means 10 shown in FIG. 3, controls the rotational speed of the fans 2, that is, the ventilation speed, and also the control of the rotational directions of the fans 2 and the frequency of the rerouting. The operator simply selects temperature and desired humidity by means of selection switches or knobs built into the control means 10. It is obvious that such a versatile control requires a computer (microprocessor). The control means 10 contains all 20 necessary electrical equipment, such as switches, motor protection, temperature and humidity sources.
Måling af det ventilerede rums temperatur og fugtighed sker ved hjælp af et hygrometer, der har to følere, hvoraf den 25 ene 11 er en normaltemperatur-føler, medens den anden 12 er dækket med en våd strømpe. Såfremt fugtigheden synker i det rum, der skal ventileres, fordamper der fra følerens 12 strømpe mere fugtighed, og dens temperatur daler. Analogt vil følernes 11 og 12 temperaturer nærme sig hinanden ved 30 stigende fugtighed i rummet, der skal ventileres.The temperature and humidity of the ventilated room is measured by a hygrometer having two sensors, one of which 11 being a normal temperature sensor, while the other 12 being covered with a wet stocking. If the moisture drops in the room to be ventilated, more humidity from the sensor 12 evaporates and its temperature drops. Analogously, the sensors 11 and 12 temperatures will approach each other at 30 increasing humidity in the room to be ventilated.
Apparatet fungerer på følgende måde: I kanalerne 1 roterer ventilatorerne 2 i indbyrdes modsatte 35 retninger, hvorved den ene kanal 1 fungerer som udløbsluftkanal og den anden kanal 1 som indløbsluftkanal. Forde- ' f t ^—^X··1 -' --- DK 169361 B1 5 lingskammerets 5 spjæld 7 (det vil sige det første spjæld), der er koblet til udløbsluftkanalen, er lukket, og afgangsluften fra det ventilerede rum strømmer gennem yderspjældet 8 og gennem celleenheden 3, som derved opvarmes. Støv og 5 andre forureninger opfanges for en stor del i celleenheden 3 og bortskylles med kondensvandet. Som følge heraf reduceres ulemperne med lugtafgivelse til omgivelserne betydeligt.The apparatus operates as follows: In the ducts 1, the fans 2 rotate in mutually opposite 35 directions, whereby one duct 1 acts as an outlet air duct and the other duct 1 as an inlet air duct. The forward chamber damper 7 (i.e. the first damper) coupled to the outlet air duct is closed and the exhaust air from the vented space flows through the outer damper 8 and through the cell unit 3 which is thereby heated. Dust and 5 other contaminants are largely captured in cell unit 3 and flushed with condensation water. As a result, the disadvantages of odor delivery to the environment are significantly reduced.
10 Den i indløbsluftkanalen 1 roterende ventilator 2 blæser luften nedad, hvorved det dertil koblede yderspjæld 8 er lukket, og inderspjældet 7 styrer luften til fordelingskanalen 6.The fan 2 rotating in the inlet air duct 1 blows the air downwards, whereby the outer damper 8 connected thereto is closed and the inner damper 7 directs the air to the distribution duct 6.
15 Når ventilatorerne 2 skifter rotationsretning, skifter også spjældene 7 og 8 stilling på tilsvarende måde. Herved strømmer der fortsat luft ind i fordelingskanalen 6 fra spjældet 7 i den anden indløbsluftkanal 1, så indblæsningen af friskluft er kontinuerlig.When the fans 2 change direction of rotation, the dampers 7 and 8 also change position in the same way. Hereby, air continues to flow into the distribution duct 6 from the damper 7 in the second inlet air duct 1, so that the supply of fresh air is continuous.
2020
Antallet af celleenheder 3 kan vælges frit i afhængighed af varmebehovet og den ønskede nyttevirkning. I et rundt gennemføringsrør, for eksempel af polyuretan, kan der oven på hverandre installeres en, to eller tre celleenheder 3, 25 hvorved man kan opnå en trinregulering af var megenvindings-effekten. Trinmellemrummene kan opnås ved at regulere ventilatorernes 2 rotationshastighed. Da celleenhederne 3 er anbragt neden under ventilatorerne 2, dæmper de også ventilatorstøjen.The number of cell units 3 can be freely selected depending on the heat demand and the desired utility. In a round feed-through tube, for example of polyurethane, one, two or three cell units 3, 25 can be installed on top of one another, thereby obtaining a step control of the heat recovery effect. The step intervals can be obtained by controlling the rotational speed of the fans 2. Since the cell units 3 are located below the fans 2, they also dampen the fan noise.
3030
Fugtigheden og temperaturen i rummet, der skal ventileres, kan styres ved at variere ventilatorernes 2 rotationshastighed og/eller hyppigheden af retningsomstyringer. Hvis rummets temperatur ikke når op over den ønskede temperatur, 35 kan ventilatorernes 2 omdrejningstal øges og intervallerne mellem skift af rotationsretningerne forlænges. Ifald tem DK 169361 B1 6 peraturen ikke vil synke mere end ønskeligt, forkortes intervallerne for ændring af ventilatorernes 2 rotationsretning, så mere varme genvindes. Efter behov kan ventilatorernes 2 omdrejningstal endda reduceres.The humidity and temperature of the room to be ventilated can be controlled by varying the rotational speed of the fans 2 and / or the frequency of directional reversals. If the room temperature does not reach the desired temperature, the rpm of the fans 2 can be increased and the intervals between changes of rotation directions extended. If the temperature will not sink more than desired, the intervals for changing the direction of rotation of the fans 2 are shortened so that more heat is recovered. If required, the fan speed 2 can even be reduced.
5 Såfremt fugtigheden stiger over den ønskede værdi, forøges ventilatorernes omdrejningstal, hvorved den større afgangseffekt fjerner overskud af fugtighed. Eftersom større effekt også fjerner varme, kompenseres dette ved at genvinde 10 mere varme ved at forkorte mellemrummene mellem retningsomstyringerne. Såfremt fugtigheden synker for meget, reduceres ventilatorernes 2 omdrejningstal, hvorved den af dyrene frembragte fugtighed forøger fugtigheden i kreaturrummet til den ønskede værdi.5 If the humidity rises above the desired value, the fan speed increases, thereby increasing the excess discharge effect of excess moisture. Since greater power also removes heat, this is offset by recovering 10 more heat by shortening the gaps between directional reversals. If the humidity drops too much, the rpm of the fans 2 is reduced, whereby the moisture generated by the animals increases the humidity in the creature compartment to the desired value.
1515
Selvom det forklarede eksempel på en udførelsesform for opfindelsen er specielt beregnet til ventilation i stalde, kan det naturligvis tilpasses for ventilation i bygninger af alle arter, også beboelsesbygninger.Of course, although the exemplified embodiment of the invention is intended specifically for ventilation in stables, it can be adapted for ventilation in buildings of all kinds, including residential buildings.
2020
Ventilationsapparatet ifølge opfindelsen fungerer endda som bakteriefilter. Bakterierne i luften trives ved bestemte temperaturer, og bakteriepopulationen er derfor forskellig på forskellige årstider. Da temperaturen i den luft, der 25 passerer gennem celleenhederne 3, varierer, har dette også en bakteriedræbende virkning. Ved forskning har man konstateret, at indløbsluftens bakterieindhold og-dens indhold af svampesporer reduceres til en brøkdel.The ventilation apparatus of the invention even functions as a bacterial filter. The bacteria in the air thrive at certain temperatures and the bacterial population is therefore different at different seasons. As the temperature of the air passing through the cell units 3 varies, this also has a bactericidal effect. Research has found that the bacterial content of the inlet air and its content of fungal spores is reduced to a fraction.
30 Ved anvendelse af ventilationsapparatet ifølge opfindelsen i stalde kan man tilmed klare sig helt uden særlige opvarmningskilder. Kun ved maksimal kulde kan man ty til anvendelse af elektriske tilskudsapparater til frembringelse af varme.In addition, the use of the ventilation apparatus according to the invention in stables can be done completely without special heating sources. Only at maximum cold can one resort to the use of electrical auxiliaries to generate heat.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI892989A FI892989A (en) | 1989-06-19 | 1989-06-19 | VENTILATIONSANORDNING BASERANDE SIG PAO REGENERATIV VAERMEAOTERVINNINGSPRINCIP. |
| FI892989 | 1989-06-19 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK148090D0 DK148090D0 (en) | 1990-06-15 |
| DK148090A DK148090A (en) | 1990-12-20 |
| DK169361B1 true DK169361B1 (en) | 1994-10-10 |
Family
ID=8528646
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK148090A DK169361B1 (en) | 1989-06-19 | 1990-06-15 | Ventilation apparatus with regenerative heat exchange |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DK (1) | DK169361B1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI892989A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO168968C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE9002156L (en) |
-
1989
- 1989-06-19 FI FI892989A patent/FI892989A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1990
- 1990-06-15 DK DK148090A patent/DK169361B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-18 SE SE9002156A patent/SE9002156L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-06-19 NO NO902706A patent/NO168968C/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO902706L (en) | 1990-12-20 |
| NO168968B (en) | 1992-01-13 |
| SE9002156L (en) | 1990-12-20 |
| FI892989A (en) | 1990-12-20 |
| DK148090A (en) | 1990-12-20 |
| FI892989A0 (en) | 1989-06-19 |
| NO168968C (en) | 1992-04-29 |
| SE9002156D0 (en) | 1990-06-18 |
| NO902706D0 (en) | 1990-06-19 |
| DK148090D0 (en) | 1990-06-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed | ||
| B1 | Patent granted (law 1993) | ||
| PBP | Patent lapsed |