DK165377B - PROCEDURE FOR APPLYING PRESSURE ON A SUBSTRATE - Google Patents

Description

DK 165377B

The present invention relates to a method of printing a pattern onto a substrate having a viscous mass in the form of a foam using a template printing machine.

5 A similar procedure is disclosed in European Patent Application No. 47,559. The content thereof is referred to in this specification. In said application, the use of a foam is mentioned at the end.

Experience with 10 foam types so far used for this purpose has shown that the pattern to be pressed into the substrate loses foam form almost instantaneously. The foam bubbles burst before or during drying and the result is that the material comes into direct contact with the substrate. Furthermore, any migration can occur.

In the said patent application, the use of very stable foams is explicitly avoided because they would not be absorbed by the substrate quickly enough. For such rapid absorption, a lower foam stability is considered essential.

20 Surprisingly, it has now been found that the use of highly stable foams is possible with the blade arrangement described in European Patent Application No. 47,559, especially for printing fibrous webs, and the use may even bring a number of technical advantages.

According to the invention, a solution to the problem is provided by a method of the kind described in the preamble characterized by the use of a foam having metastable foam properties, which foam is such that it will not exhibit the precipitation of liquid 30 upon recommendation at 24 °. C for 24 hours in a covered measuring cylinder, and that the structure of the foam and the pattern of the template are substantially maintained during transfer to the substrate and during subsequent drying.

Since the foam during application on or in the substrate 35 and during subsequent transport of the treated substrate

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2 will inevitably be subjected to high shear forces, a small portion of the foam cells will lose their original structure and burst. This portion will usually be at most 10-15% of the cells.

5 in the case of fibrous webs, one factor is the particular depth at which the foam pressed from the rotating template can penetrate. When the foam stability is so high that the shearing forces during and after passage of the template do not result in unduly large destruction of the outer foam structure, a foam template template is left locally in the substrate. Surprisingly, it has been found that with sufficiently stable foam it is possible to print with very sharp contours in this way and that the original foam form can be maintained after drying. In addition to retaining the benefits that can be obtained from foam printing on a rotary template printing machine, such as accurate dosing per Furthermore, this effect provides advantages directly related to the external foam form of the printing material, such as area unit, economic energy consumption and the possibility of rapid change in production series sizes. This is best seen when the fibrous web is printed with a binder composition provided with the appropriate foam form. It can then be seen that not only the location but also the depth of penetration of the printed foam composition can be accurately controlled.

When the foam is driven from the template, it is clearly deposited in the fibrous material as an extrusion strand. By means of this control of the foam distribution, all kinds of material effects can be obtained in the final product; not only in decorative terms, but also structurally. This opens constructively for new types of fibrous webs. In these structures, the desired combination of properties can be supported by a suitable choice of binder type materials, fiber blend, and tissue structure. The pattern printing technique using

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3 of dimensionally stable foam compositions opens up the possibility of introducing new structures by: a. Depositing a sharply defined pattern in the plane of the web.

This has a decorative meaning, but also a surface structural, especially in the case of fibrous webs.

The binder pattern thus produces a very flexible web with a limited number of free fibers at the surface.

b. to work with internal binder-free zones seen in the cross-sectional direction of the web, by controlling the penetration depth of the foam paste. This may be important to control the absorbent force.

c. to use this printing technique in adjusting the razor stencil system to apply a relief pattern of dimensionally stable foam.

D. Providing double or multiple pressures on one or both sides of the web prior to performing post-treatment in the dryer, which is common to all pressures.

All of this is shown in the examples, without all the options being described in detail.

These examples also show that, using dimensionally stable foam paste, using the template printing technique, it is only possible to perform two or more printing treatments synchronously or one after the other, followed only by drying. The advantage of this treatment in terms of the economics of the process is obvious. Of course, the metastable foam of the invention should be used in at least one of these pressures.

A synchronous printing on a flexible, porous, flat structure, such as a fibrous web, with pastes on opposite sides is described in published European patent application no.

54 628. On the one hand, however, it is expressly stated that the two sides must be treated with different pressures.

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technique, and on the other hand, no metastable, highly stable foam has been used at all. It is the very combination of the improved, high-stability foam method using the rotary template machine of 5 European Patent Application No. 47,559 and the possibility of performing a plurality of printing treatments at the same time or in series, which has arisen as a possibility. result of the highly stable foam which allows the subsequent heat-drying treatment to take place for all pressure treatments at the same time.

The composition of the dimensionally stable foam does not involve any special new aspects: the high foam stability can be achieved by using measures that have long been known in the art. Thus, in addition to a suitable surface tensioning agent, a high viscosity, addition of foam stabilizers or anti-desiccant, use of low molecular weight emulsifiers, and use of a high solids content can also be provided. The solids content should be at least 20%. The higher the content of 20 solids, the faster the binder will coagulate after forced drying, which is why the foam structure will be retained.

The composition of the substances from which the foam is made usually comprises an aqueous dispersion, although it is fully possible to use other solvents or dispersants, such as ethyl acetate. Preferably, water is used as this represents only minor or no environmental problems at all.

If the binder itself is liquid, as may be the case, e.g. epoxy systems or liquidized reactive anhydrous systems, it is also possible to do without the solvent.

In addition to composition, physical fineness is also important.

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5 for the dimensionally metastable foam. For stability, it is important that the mean diameter of the foam bubbles be less than the half medium fiber gap in the web. The suitability of the foam for the printing process on the rotary template machine can be assessed in various ways. Thus, e.g. a high speed laboratory mixer is used to whip the foam to a degree of fineness which can be expressed in g / 1 density. The higher the density, the coarser the bubbles. The values preferably used range from 10 50 to 300 g / l.

The term "metastable" foam as used in this connection means a foam which satisfies the following test:

An amount of 1 liter of foam is separated into a covered measuring cylinder and left at 20 ° C for 24 hours. Assessment was then made by measuring the amount of the secreted liquid. A foam suitable for use in the dimensionally stable foam paste would not exhibit any separated liquid after 24 hours. Such a foam is considered metastable.

According to the invention, it is possible to print on different substrates. Suitable for example. all kinds of textile fabrics, knitted fabrics, e.g. a "Raschel" fabric or a "non-woven" knitted fabric, either in combination with a canvas fabric, foam structures, e.g. coarse polyurethane foam and the like.

More particularly, it is possible to use a slightly reinforced web, such as a combined structure of a fibrous web with a mesh structure, a woven fabric or a knitted fabric.

Another alternative which may be advantageous is the use of a substrate in the form of a textile or foam structure.

30 Suitable textile fabrics are cotton and woolen fabrics, and suitable

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6 "non-woven" is in particular fibrous webs made of natural fibers and fibers of synthetic plastic material, but also fibers of glass, carbon and asbestos.

Printing can be done with any type of substrate depending on the expected finished product. It is not necessary for printing to be done in a pattern. It is possible to tap the entire surface. Some examples of applications are the bonding of a fibrous web, printing of a fibrous web in a pattern of a decorative nature, decoratively tying a needle web, making a substrate water-repellent, or applying a water-absorbing layer.

The metastable foam is prepared from known components. Generally, the composition from which the foam is made contains water, a binder, a thickening agent, a surface tensioning or wetting agent, a foam stabilizer and optionally a filler. Depending on the expected finished product, the composition contains one or more substances to be applied to the substrate. These can, e.g. such as pigments, water repellent compositions, compositions provided for water absorption, binders, antioxidants, functional compositions such as carbon black and the like.

Suitable binders for use in the present invention are lower alkyl acrylates, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile rubber, polyurethane, epoxy resins, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, and copolymers of vinylidene chloride with other monomers, polyvinylacetyl acetate, partially hydrolyzyl acetate, partially hydrolysed Optionally, these binders may be provided with acidic groups, e.g. by carboxylating them. A suitable carboxylating agent is e.g. maleic anhydride.

Suitable surface tensioning agents are of anionic 7

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or nonionic type such as soaps, alkyl-aryl sulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfates, ethoxylated fatty acid components, and the like.

The following compositions may be used as foam stabilizers for use in the present invention: fatty acid amide condensates, ammonium and potassium stearate, cyclohexanol alkylamino salts of acetic acid, formic acid and propionic acid, tertiary amino oxides and the like.

The fillers used in connection with the present invention are conventional foaming printing fillers, and include pigments, active components, seasonal carbon black, hydrated aluminum oxide, blown silicic anhydride, etc.

The particle size of the filler material is preferably at most 20 µm since the presence of larger particles may interfere with the method of the invention.

The foam composition must be converted to a metastable foam in a known manner, e.g. by whipping the composition into a high speed mixer with air or another gas.

The invention also relates to a printed substrate provided by the method of the invention. These printed substrates are new products as described above.

The following Examples I to VI illustrate the use of metastable foam. Table A lists the properties of the foam types used.

Example I

Binding and dot printing on one web in one operation to produce an adhesive intermediate.

2

A fibrous web of 30 g / m consisting of 50% 1.7 dtex, 40 mm viscose fibers, 40% 1.7 dtex, 60 mm polyester fibers and 10% 8

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polyester melt fibers having a melting point of 130 ° C are thermofixed with hot air and then printed onto a rotary template machine using a patterned stencil having an opening area of 25%, with an amount of 25 g / m meta-stable foam based on a latex of carboxylated butyl acrylate resin having a solids content of 40% and a foam density of 200 g / l. Simultaneously or immediately thereafter, the web is printed on the same machine and in register with the previous printing pattern with dots of a latent adhesive by means of a stencil having a similar pattern but with smaller openings, so that the opening area is now 10%. The latent adhesive is a copolyamide solution in p-toluenesulfonamide with a solids content of 30% applied in an amount of 50 g / m 2.

After this double template printing passage, the web is uniformly dried to form gel and cured for 30 seconds. at 150 ° C.

The pressure in mutual register may, if desired, be applied to the same side of the fibrous web or to opposite sides. Rotary template machines equipped for this purpose are known per se.

Example II

Bonding a fibrous web in a stable foam color and dot printing with a latent adhesive.

A 50 g / m fibrous web consisting of 30% 1.7 dtex, 40 mm 25 nylon 66 fibers, 60% 3.3 dtex, 40 mm nylon 66 fibers and 10% 1.7 dtex, 40 mm polypropylene fibers is thermofixed and coated is then applied to a rotary template machine with 75 g / m of stable foam based on a latex of soft, carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber having a solids content of 20% and a foam density of 30 100 g / l by means of a rotary template with a 60 mesh fineness and an opening area of 45%. Then the web thus treated is dotted with an amount of 30 g / m

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9 polyester solution provided with a foam forming agent having a dry matter content of 30% by means of a rotary template with a 17 mesh fineness. After these two printing passages, the binder is uniformly dried and cured in an oven, and at the same time the printed dots of the latent copolyamide adhesive are foamed and gelled. This heat passage at 150 ° C takes 40 seconds. The product is suitable for intermediate use.

Example III

Decorative bonding of a needle web using pigmented 10 foam binders.

2

A 1.1 mm thick needled web of 150 g / m consisting of 100% 1.7 dtex, 40 mm polyester fibers and under a slight calender pressure at 220 ° C is passed along three rotating template stencils, thereby applying the following binder compositions successively: 15 a. an amount of 25 g / m of an unstable foam on the basis of a light gray pigmented, carboxylated acrylate latex having a solids content of 40% with soft rubber properties and having a foam density of 100 g / l. Printing was done with a regular open template stencil having a fineness of 60 mesh 20 under such pressure in the internal rocker system that the bonding agent penetrates 0.25 mm into the fibrous material.

b. by means of a patterned stencil with 60% opening area, an amount of 6.5 g / m of dimensionally stable foam with a dry matter content of 34% on the basis of a light gray-pigmented latex of a soft, cross-linkable polyurethane with a foam density of 100 g / l. This foam is made to penetrate 0.1 mm into the fibrous material.

c. by means of a patterned stencil with 10% opening area, an amount of 2.0 g / m of a dimensionally stable foam with a dry solids content of 43% on the basis of a dark gray pigmented latex of soft, cross-linkable polyurethane with a foam density of 200 g / l. This foam is made to penetrate 0.1 mm into the fibrous material.

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10

After these three passages, the product is dried in an oven and cured at 160 ° C for 2 minutes. The product can be used as a suitcase lining.

Example IV

5 Bonding and simultaneously imparting a nonwoven structure oil-tight and water tight.

island

A 1.0 mm thick fibrous web of 60 g / m consisting of a blend of black polyester fiber of 30% 1.7 dtex / 40 mm and 60% 3.3 dtex / 40 mm and 10% glossy polyester melt fiber having a melting point of 130 ° C is bonded after thermofixing by means of a fully open, rotating template, ie

non-patterned template area, saturating it with a quantity of 100 g / m of dimensionally stable foam with a dry solids content of 30% on the basis of a latex 15 of unfilled, hard, crosslinkable acrylate rubber. Foam density is 100 g / l. This first rotating template passage is followed by a second passage along the rotating template which is also open, thereby applying to the same side of the web 2 an amount of 10 g / m dimensionally stable 20 foam mixture with a dry matter content of 20% on the basis of a unfilled composition of melamine fatty acid condensate and one fluorocarbon in the form of an emulsion. Foam density 100 g / l. The depth of penetration of the latter passage is 0.1 mm. These two rotating template passages are followed by 25 for drying and completely crosslinking a treatment in an oven at 130 ° C for 2 minutes. The product can be used for upholstery of cars.

Example V

Printing of a web with different foam mixtures in a 30 pattern.

A 2.0 mm thick white polyester fibrous web consisting of a mixture of 30% 5.0 dtex / 50 mm, 40% 17.0 dtex / 80 mm and 30% 3.3 dtex / 40 mm with 40% of the latter consisting of 11 melt fibers with a softening range of 160-220 ° C were printed after fixation at 220 ° C by two successively rotating template passages.

The first template has a pattern with 80% free openings in the template area. With the aid of this template, an amount of 145 h / m of dimensionally stable foam composition having a solids content of 45% based on a latex of methyl methyl methacrylate resin having a foam density of 100 g / l is applied.

The second template is provided with a pattern with 20% 10 free openings in the template area and prints the substrate in register with the pattern of the first template, namely on the still free substrate parts. This is done using dimensionally stable foam containing 100% epoxy resin and having a foam density of 200 g / l in a quantity of 100 g / m 2.

After the two pressure passages, the product is essentially dried at 150 ° C for 2 minutes and then subjected to post-drying and curing at 140 ° C for 1 minute.

The product obtained cannot be crushed and can be used as a flexible spacer for lamination.

Example VI

Applying a non-corrosive, water-absorbing layer to a web.

2

A 40 g / m fibrous polyester web consisting of 90% 1.7 dtex / 40 mm and 10% 1.7 dtex melting fiber having a melting point of 130 ° C and having a tensile strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions of 5: 1 is provided. by means of a rotary template with a continuous uncoated surface coating of 115 g / m of dimensionally stable foam based on

DK 165377B

12 polyvinyl alcohol solution in vinyl acetate with a solids content of 40% with 30% of the solids consisting of superabsorbent acrylate powder. Foam density 150 g / l.

Immediately thereafter, in the next rotating template passage, the same side of the web is provided with a dose of 10 g / m of an unstable, thickened foam with a dry solids content of 10% and a foam density of 200 g / l based on a solution of benzotriazole in ethanol. The product is dried and cured at 50 ° C for 1 minute.

10 The following Table A shows some properties of the various foam compositions. Please note that foam stability and metastability tests are two different tests. In the first, the ratio m% between the original volume of the foam and the volume after a set time is stated. This sample is used to compare metastable foams. The last test indicates whether a foam is metastable or not. The following Table B indicates the composition of the various enrichment compositions. Column 20 "quantity" indicates the amount of product (emulsion, powder, etc.), incl. solvent, etc. In the last column, the composition is given in% with respect to the total amount of dry matter.

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Claims (9)

A method of printing a pattern on a substrate having a viscous mass in the form of a foam using a template printing machine characterized in that a foam having metastable foam properties is used, which foam is such that it will not exhibit precipitation of liquid after being left at 24 ° C for 24 hours in a covered measuring cylinder, and that the structure of the foam and the pattern of the template are substantially maintained during transfer to the substrate and during subsequent drying. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate is a slightly reinforced fibrous web. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by applying such a pressure within the blade system of the template printing machine that when foam is transferred to the substrate, the foam composition can penetrate the substrate to a desired adjustable depth while maintaining its foam structure. . Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3 characterized in that the same substrate is printed at least twice using rotary templates before the printed substrate thus subjected to a fixation treatment. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the treatment with rotating templates is performed simultaneously and in register on opposite sides of the un-layer. Process according to claim 4, characterized in that the treatment with rotary templates is carried out with different types of viscous pastes, at least one of which is in the form of a metastable foam which essentially retains its foam structure after the fixation treatment. Method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the substrate has a composite structure of a fibrous web with a mesh, a woven or knitted fabric. Process according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the substrate has a textile structure. Method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 10 or 8 characterized in that the substrate has a foam structure.