DK161981B

DK161981B - PROCEDURE FOR BUILDING A SOUND WALL

Info

Publication number: DK161981B
Application number: DK431386A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Hans Riede
Original assignee: Riede Adviesbureau
Priority date: 1985-09-10
Filing date: 1986-09-10
Publication date: 1991-09-02
Also published as: DK431386A; DE216422T1; DE3673299D1; NL8502467A; DK431386D0; EP0216422B1; DK161981C; ATE55435T1; EP0216422A1

Abstract

A live willow-faced, earth-core noise barrier is built by setting two spaced paralled rows of spaced willow stakes (1) into the ground (2), horizontally interweaving in each row osiers (4) with the stakes (1), and filling with soil the space between those two woven walls which have been previously interconnected by tension wires (5) linking the top part of stakes (1) thereof. The barrier is built to the required height in successive stages, the further stakes being set into the soil fill of the previous section.

Description

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Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til bygning af en lydmur, idet man anbringer træpæle med eller uden rødder ved siden af en af hinanden i jorden, og idet man lader dem vokse, idet de i det mindste delvis er i stand til at vok-5 se mellem og i retning mod hinanden. En sådan lydmur er kendt fra NL patentansøgning 8202277, hvor træpælene anbringes tæt ved siden af hinanden i jorden og forenes med hjælpeorganer såsom bølgeprofilplader til opnåelse af en praktisk taget lukket væg. Til forenkling af den tæt-10 te anbringelse af træpælene kan disse forbindes ved hjælp af tråde eller reb, som forløber på tværs af pælenes længderetning i samme mønster som ved vævning. Denne konstruktion er baseret på en vægdannelse som følge af en forøgelse af tykkelsen af de tæt anbragte piletræpæle efter en tids 15 forløb. På grund af de neutrale egenskaber af de plantede piletræpæle vil der med tiden også dannes huller. Ved brugen af bølgeprofilplader er der en vanskelighed ved opførelsen af forholdsvis høje mure, fordi retlinede piletræpæle med en længde på mere end 2 meter ikke er lette at 20 skaffe og tillige vanskelige at håndtere.The invention relates to a method of building a sound wall, placing wooden piles with or without roots next to one another in the soil, and allowing them to grow, being at least partially capable of growing between and towards each other. Such a sound wall is known from NL patent application 8202277, in which the wooden posts are placed close to each other in the ground and are joined with auxiliary means such as corrugated steel sheets to obtain a practically closed wall. In order to simplify the tight placement of the wooden posts, these can be joined by strands or ropes extending across the longitudinal direction of the posts in the same pattern as by weaving. This construction is based on a wall formation due to an increase in the thickness of the closely spaced willow piles after a period of time. Due to the neutral properties of the planted willow piles, holes will also form over time. In the use of corrugated sheets, there is a difficulty in the construction of relatively high walls, because rectilinear arrow piles with a length of more than 2 meters are not easy to obtain and also difficult to handle.

De nævnte vanskeligheder afhjælpes gennem den foreliggende opfindelse, som også giver mulighed for bygning af en lydmur trinvis til en ønsket højde.Said difficulties are alleviated by the present invention, which also allows for the building of a sound wall step by step to a desired height.

Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, 25 at piletræpæle, som fortrinsvis er tilspidsede, anbringes i indbyrdes afstand i jorden, og at der mellem disse lodrette piletræpæle i længderetningen indflettes pilekviste til dannelse af vægge, og at væggene forbindes med hinanden ved hjælp af forstærkninger anbragt i nærheden af spidser-30 ne af pælene, og at der mellem de dannede vægge anbringes en jordblanding. Skønt denne fremgangsmåde i princippet ikke er begrænset til en bestemt dimension af pælene, starter man i praksis fra let tilgængelige materialer, ved hjælp af hvilke man kan bygge en lydmur på mindst 1 meter. For-35 trinsvis går man ud fra spidsede piletræpæle, som anbringes i jorden i en indbyrdes afstand på 30 - 70 cm, fortrins- 2The method according to the invention is characterized in that arrow piles, which are preferably tapered, are spaced apart in the ground, and that longitudinal arrow piles are interlaced longitudinally with arrows to form walls and that the walls are connected to each other by means of reinforcements arranged in the vicinity of the tips of the poles and that a soil mixture is placed between the walls formed. Although this approach is in principle not limited to a particular dimension of the piles, in practice they are started from readily available materials by means of which a sound wall of at least 1 meter can be built. Preferably, the starting point is with pointed arrow piles, which are placed in the ground at a distance of 30 - 70 cm, preferably 2

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vis ca. 50 cidr og en anden række anbringes i en afstand på mindst 120 cm, fortrinsvis ca. 160 cm. Fortrinsvis benytter man pæle af en sådan længde, at de stikker ca. 1 m op over jorden. Pæle på 1,5 - 2 m anbragt i den rette afstand 5 i jorden er passende til dannelse af en tæt mur. En passende længde er ca. 175 cm. Mellem de lodrette i jorden anbragte piletræpæle indflettes pilekviste i længderetningen til dannelse af en væg. Til dette formål er 2 - 3 år gamle pileskud egnede på grund af passende fjederkraft og elasti-10 citet. Den dannede væg færdiggøres derefter, idet man anbringer en passende fugtig jordblanding mellem de to rækker af pæle med fletværk. Til forebyggelse af væggenes sammensynkning på grund af jordens sidetryk indsættes der opstramningstråde mellem de to rækker af pæle. Særlig egnede 15 materialer er f.eks. nylontråde, som f.eks. anbringes 10 cm under spidsen af pælene, samt jerntråde. Det vil forstås, at man også kan benytte andre trådmaterialer.show approx. 50 cidr and another row are spaced at least 120 cm, preferably approx. 160 cm. Preferably, piles of such length are used to project approx. 1 m above the ground. Piles of 1.5-2 m located at the proper distance 5 in the ground are suitable for forming a dense wall. A suitable length is approx. 175 cm. Between the vertical arrow posts placed in the ground, arrow branches are interlaced longitudinally to form a wall. For this purpose, 2 - 3 year old arrow shoots are suitable due to appropriate spring force and elasticity. The wall formed is then finalized by placing a suitably moist soil mixture between the two rows of braided poles. In order to prevent the collapse of the walls due to the lateral pressure of the earth, tightening wires are inserted between the two rows of poles. Particularly suitable materials are e.g. nylon threads, such as placed 10 cm below the tip of the poles, as well as iron wires. It will be understood that other thread materials may also be used.

De i jorden anbragte piletræpæle vil danne rødder i vækstsæsonen og blive tykkere, så at styrken over og under 20 jorden vil forøges. De vandret indflettede pilekviste vil ved kontakten med jorden mellem væggene og ved forudgående lokal fjernelse af barken på den indadvendende side også danne rødder, så at der fås en tæt sammenhængende konstruktion. En sådan konstruktion frembyder den fordel, at man 25 efter afsluttet indfletning af pilekviste, forbindelse ved hjælp af nylontråd og indfyldning af jord kan bygge lydmuren et omtrent tilsvarende stykke højere, idet man atter anbringer piletræpæle på indersiden af fletværket i den indfyldte jord og gentager de allerede angivne trin. I 30 praksis er man i stand til at bygge en lydmur med en højde på ca. 3 m i tre trin. Til bygningen af denne lydmur benytter man især pilemateriale, fordi dette vokser hurtigt. Afhængende af beskaffenheden af jorden og plantematerialet kan man også benytte andre typer af pæle- eller grenmate-35 riale alene eller i kombination.The willow piles placed in the soil will form roots in the growing season and become thicker, so that the strength above and below 20 soil will increase. The horizontally intertwined willow branches, when contacted with the soil between the walls and by prior local removal of the bark on the inward side, also form roots so that a closely coherent structure is obtained. Such a construction offers the advantage that after completing the arrow twigs, connecting with nylon thread and filling the soil, the sound wall can be built about a correspondingly higher, again by placing arrow piles on the inside of the braid in the filled soil and repeating the steps already specified. In 30 practices it is possible to build a sound wall with a height of approx. 3 m in three steps. The building wall of this sound wall is used especially arrow material because it grows rapidly. Depending on the nature of the soil and the plant material, other types of pile or branch material may also be used alone or in combination.

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Det benyttede jordmateriale skal have en tilstrækkelig evne til at fastholde fugtighed til fremme af pile-materialets vækst. I princippet kan enhver jordblanding, som opfylder denne betingelse, benyttes. Passende jord-5 blandinger er sandholdig lerjord, tørvejord og lerjord, som eventuelt blandes med andre materialer. På meget lette jorder med mindre bæreevne kan man benytte lettere jordblandinger, idet man f.eks. blander jorden med ekspanderede lerklumper, f.eks. i en mængde på 1-3% eller mere.The soil material used must have a sufficient ability to retain moisture to promote the growth of the pile material. In principle, any soil mixture that meets this condition can be used. Suitable soil-5 mixtures are sandy clay soil, peat soil and clay soil, which may be mixed with other materials. On very light soils with less bearing capacity, lighter soil mixtures can be used. mixes the soil with expanded clay lumps, e.g. in an amount of 1-3% or more.

10 Tilføring af vand til jorden mellem pælerækkerne i tørre perioder foregår ved hjælp af et drypvandingssystem anbragt over lydmuren. Til forebyggelse af unødvendig fordampning og med henblik på efterfyldning med jord kan man anbringe pilebeskæringsmateriale øverst i 15 jorden. Beskæringen af pilene bør højst ske en gang om året og mindst en gang hvert tredie år.10 Water supply to the soil between the pile rows during dry periods is carried out by means of a drip irrigation system placed over the sound wall. To prevent unnecessary evaporation and to replenish with soil, arrowhead material can be placed at the top of the soil. The arrows should be cropped at most once a year and at least once every three years.

Ved pladsmangel vil ikke alle de vandret indflettede pilekviste slå rod. En del af de indflettede kviste er imidlertid levedygtige. Denne del vil gradvis erstatte de 20 døde pilekviste, så at der opnås en tæt kontruktion. De pilekviste, som ikke slår rod, vil bevare deres styrke i 4-5 år. Bygningen af lydmuren i trin ved hjælp af forholdsvis korte piletræpæle med en diameter på 4-5 cm medfører den fordel, at pælelængden i sig selv ikke er nogen be-25 grænsende faktor, og at der endvidere forefindes et stort forråd af let håndterbare piletræpæle på under 2 m. I tilfælde af længere pæle end 2 m vil også flettearbejdet blive vanskeligere. De kortere piletræpæle kan være yngre og vil derfor lettere slå rod. Da de lodrette pæle har en 30 forholdsvis stor afstand, ca. 50 cm, hvilken afstand er nødvendig til undgåelse af en for stor konkurrence mellem rødderne i jorden, kan man tilføje en lignende pæl uden roddannelse til lettelse af sammenfletningen. En sådan død, gerne tykkere pæl vil også i de første år give lydmuren 35 yderligere styrke. I tilfælde af større længder af pælene 4In the absence of space, not all the horizontally interlaced arrow branches will take root. However, some of the interlaced twigs are viable. This part will gradually replace the 20 dead arrow twigs to achieve a tight build. The arrow branches that do not take root will retain their strength for 4-5 years. The construction of the sound wall in steps by means of relatively short arrow piles with a diameter of 4-5 cm has the advantage that the pile length itself is not a limiting factor and that there is also a large supply of easily manageable arrow piles on less than 2 m. In the case of piles longer than 2 m, the braid work will also be more difficult. The shorter willow sticks may be younger and will therefore more easily root. Since the vertical poles have a relatively large distance, approx. 50 cm, which distance is necessary to avoid too much competition between the roots in the soil, a similar pile without rooting can be added to facilitate the intertwining. Such a death, preferably thicker pole, will also in the first years give the sound wall 35 additional strength. In the case of larger lengths of the posts 4

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må man benytte udspændingsmidler, som sammensnører pælen på midten, så at levedygtigheden forringes. Ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen sammensnører de fornødne udspændingstråde kun piletræpælene foroven. Det vil forsås, at hvis 5 lydmuren har opnået større stabilitet ved gunstig udvikling, kan man formentlig bygge den højere i et fjerde trin. Det vil også forsås, at piletræpælene og pilekvistene fortrinsvis skal benyttes straks efter afskæring. Denne afskæring bør finde sted i tidsrummet fra november til april.one has to use tensioning means which link the pole in the middle so that the viability is reduced. In the method according to the invention, the required clamping threads only concatenate the arrow piles above. It will be ensured that if the sound barrier has achieved greater stability through favorable development, it can probably be built higher in a fourth step. It will also be ensured that the willow piles and willow twigs are preferably used immediately after cutting. This cut should take place in the period from November to April.

10 Opfindelsen skal forklares nærmere i forbindelse med tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser et tværsnit gennem den omhandlede lydmur, som er opført i tre trin, fig. 2 et perspektivisk billede af system af pæle i-15 følge opfindelsen, og fig. 3 en variant af fig. 2 I fig. 1 betegner tallet 1 piletræpæle, som er benyttet til opførelse af lydmuren i tre trin. Pælen i første trin kan f.eks. have en længde på 175 cm, i andet trin en længde på 20 150 cm og i tredie trin en længde på ligeledes 150 cm, og diameteren kan være 4-5 cm. Spidsen 3 på pælene anbringes i jorden 2. Indflettede pilekviste er betegnet 4, medens udspændingstråde er betegnet 5. Fugtig jord er angivet med forskellig intensitet i skraveringen i de tre trin. Øverst 25 på lydmuren angiver tallet 6 et materialelag af træstumper, ved hjælp af hvilket jordens sammensynkning i tidens løb kan reguleres.The invention will be explained in more detail in connection with the drawing, in which fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present sound wall, which is constructed in three stages; 2 is a perspective view of the system of posts in accordance with the invention; and FIG. 3 shows a variant of FIG. 2 In FIG. 1, the number 1 denotes arrow piles used to construct the sound wall in three steps. The pile in the first step can e.g. have a length of 175 cm, in the second stage a length of 150 cm and in the third step a length of 150 cm and the diameter can be 4-5 cm. The tip 3 of the piles is placed in the ground 2. Braided arrow twigs are designated 4, while tensioning wires are designated 5. Moist soil is indicated with different intensity in the shading in the three steps. At the top 25 of the sound wall, the number 6 indicates a material layer of wood trunks, by means of which the earth's sinking can be controlled over time.

I fig. 2, hvor identiske dele har samme henvisningstal, er vist en del af fletværket med 2-3 år gamle pileskud, og man 30 ser ligeledes trådene 5, som anbringes, efterhånden som man fylder jord på.In FIG. 2, where identical parts have the same reference numerals, part of the wickerwork with 2-3 year old arrow shoots is shown, and the threads 5 which are placed as soil is filled are also seen.

I fig.3 er der vist en lignende konstruktion, men med den forskel, at man benytter i forvejen fremstillede tråde af galvaniseret jern 5', som forbinder to modstående 35 pæle. Det ses af tegningen, at lydmuren også skråner indad i retning opad, hvilket er gunstigt til forebyggelse af i* "In Figure 3, a similar construction is shown, but with the difference that pre-made wires of galvanized iron 5 'are used, which connect two opposing 35 piles. It can be seen from the drawing that the sound wall also slopes inward in the upward direction, which is favorable for preventing i * "

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5 tilbagekastning af lyd, f.eks. over en landevej. Lydmuren har foroven en skarp begrænsning, som forhindrer spredning af lyd. Således tilvejebringes der gennem opfindelsen en lydmur med adskillelsesorganer eller organer til brydning 5 af vinden, hvilket er fordelagtigt for omgivelserne og udgør en del deraf.5 sound rejection, e.g. over a country road. The sound wall has a sharp restriction at the top, which prevents the spread of sound. Thus, through the invention, a sound wall is provided with separation means or means for breaking wind 5 which is advantageous to the environment and forms part thereof.

Opfindelsen frembyder den fordel, at pilematerialet har forskellige funktioner, nemlig en konstruktionsfunktion til tilvejebringelse af styrke og en lyddæmpende funktion, 10 d.v.s. absorbtion af lydbølgerne, samt en æstetisk funktion til udgørelse af en del af omgivelserne. Den har endvidere den fordel, som er forbundet med brugen af levende pilema-teriale.The invention offers the advantage that the arrow material has various functions, namely a structural function for providing strength and a sound attenuating function, i.e. absorption of the sound waves, as well as an aesthetic function to form part of the surroundings. It also has the advantage of using live pillow material.

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Claims

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1. A method of building a sound wall or a wall for other purposes in which branches are placed in the ground with or without roots which are allowed to grow so that they can grow into and towards each other, characterized by that arrow piles, which are especially pointed at the lower end, are spaced apart in the ground, and that between the piles arrow arrow twigs are longitudinally interposed and that between two walls erected in this way, an earth mixture is placed, after which the walls are joined. with each other by means of threads placed at the upper end of the posts.

Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the built sound wall is made higher, repeating the method according to claim 1.

Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the sound wall is built up in three steps.

Method according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the piles are placed in the soil at such a distance that there is enough space to avoid excessive competition between the roots in the soil.

Method according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the piles used are not more than 2 m long. 25 30 35