DK161575B - FIBER CEMENT PLATE PRESSURE PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Apparatus for the compression of fibrous-cement slabs (1), which initially lie in the form of a fibrous-cement mat centrally on a pressing base (2), with symmetrically arranged lateral handling surfaces (3) and between the latter, and are transported into a compression station (4) of a press (5) and thereafter are transported as compressed plates out from the compression station on the pressing base by means of a conveying device (6), which to receive the pressing bases (2) with the plates (1) has two conveyor belts (8) running parallel to each other along the compression station (4), on which belts the pressing bases (2) come to be transported lying freely, a drive device (10) being associated with the belts (8), characterized in that the relative distance and the width of the belts (8) correspond to the distance and the width of the handling surfaces (3) of the pressing bases, and that the belts (8), which are both identical, are provided with engagement sections (9) which are fixed to the belt and follow each other at regular intervals along the length of the belts, the drive device (10) having engagement elements (11) which are constructed corresponding to the engagement sections (9) and engage in the engagement sections, and being designed for synchronous movement of the two belts (8), i.e. at the same speed at the same time.

Description

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The invention relates to a plant of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1. In addition to the usual continuous production of fiber cement sheets today, a prefabricated fiber cement mat is placed on a press substrate.

The substrate with the fiber cement mat placed on this mat is transported to a press in which it is positioned in a pressing position and pressed together with the mat. After the pressing process, the substrate with the pressed plate is transported away from the pressing position, after which the plate is removed from the substrate and the empty substrate is transported back to the front end of the plant to be loaded there with a new fiber cement mat to be pressed. Usually, in this process, a number of press substrates circulate at a rate of e.g. 3 15 m / sec. and with a sequence of e.g. 12 seconds. Such a system works automatically, and manual intervention is impossible for safety reasons. Continuous round-the-clock production is required, which is why high demands are placed on the reliability of the press substrates 20 and the fiber cement mats, respectively, loaded, particularly with regard to accurate positioning at the said processing or manipulation stations of the plant. It is difficult to secure the said exact transport because the circulating press substrates are subjected to a hard treatment during the press process, so that they must be transported in more or less severely deformed, e.g. no longer ideal plane state.

Attempts have been made to solve the transport problem by means of chain pulls, which, however, have proved to be unsatisfactory. A pointwise parallel equation of a two chain pair of chains is technically unreachable, because the play between the chains is different and even incalculably increased due to wear. In addition, the usually non-planar, damaged substrates must be clamped to the chain features by complicated grippers.

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Accurate positioning can hardly be achieved with these transport devices, since the substrates are often tilted relative to the calculated transport path. For the above reasons, the process is disturbed so that production must be interrupted until the damage or cause of injury is eliminated.

Similar difficulties have also been encountered when trying to supply the transport mechanism with conventional conveyor belts. With the use of conveyor belts, no parallel synchronous movement of a belt pair has been achieved, which was mainly due to inevitably different slip, so-called slip between the belts and their driving means. Also, during acceleration during start-up and during braking, the substrates 15 can be shifted or tilted, thus making accurate positioning impossible.

This prior art is represented by FR-A-2 289 329.

Finally, two loading and unloading stations can be used, cf. DE-A-3 146 813. However, such transport devices are technically complicated and expensive.

It is therefore the object of the invention to provide an improved conveying system relative to the aforementioned conveying systems for a fiber cement pressing system in which slanting or unintentional displacement of the press substrate is avoided to ensure the exact positioning of the substrates at the individual treatment and manipulation stations, respectively. The transport mechanism must be relatively simple and can also be used in connection with systems with floor presses with two pressing points located above each other. The above object is achieved by the characterizing part of claim 1. Hereby 3

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For example, a synchronous feeding of the two conveyor belts is achieved in relation to each other so that sloping of the substrates cannot occur, and a faultless transport of the fiber cement mats with an exact positioning of these in the respective workstation is achieved.

The toothed belts of claim 2 are marketed and a transporting mechanism provided with such toothed belts works reliably and is virtually fit-free.

In the following, the invention is further explained by means of the drawing, in which fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of an embodiment of the press system according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows a detail of a transport mechanism associated with the plant, and FIG. 3 shows a waiting station belonging to the transport mechanism.

The FIG. 1 serves for pressing fiber-cement sheets 1. Sheet pieces in the form of fiber-cement mats are as shown in FIG. 2 is placed on each of its press substrates 2 with two symmetrical parallel manipulating surfaces 3 located on each side of the substrate. The fiber-cement plate 1 is located between the manipulating surfaces 3, and the area covered by the fiber-cement plate 1 on the substrate 2 is perforated to divert the fluid extruded from the mat during the pressing operation. For pressing of corrugated fiber cement sheets, the substrate 2 is also corrugated, while the manipulating surfaces 3 are flat and located in the same plane.

By means of a whole designated by 6, transport 4

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mechanism, the substrates 2 are conveyed with caps their mat to a pressing point 4 in a press 5. After the pressing operation, the substrate 2 is transported with the pre-pressed fiber cement plate 1 away from the pressing point 4. At the pressing point there are pressing pistons 7 covering the format of the plate 1 so that the manipulating surfaces 3 of the lower layer 2 is located outside the pressing point and extends parallel thereto in the direction of advance; gene when the plate 1 with the substrate 2 is positioned at the press point 4.

To accommodate the individual substrates 2 with the plates 1, the transport mechanism 6 has as shown in FIG. 2 shows two conveyor belts 8 extending parallel to each other through the press 3 along with the press point 4. The distance between the conveyor belts 8 and their width corresponds to the distance between the manipulating surfaces 3 and their width. The two conveyor belts 8 are the same length and are spaced apart at consecutive stationary engagement locations 9. The conveyor belts 8 cooperate 20 with a drive mechanism 10 corresponding to the engagement locations 9 formed and with these engaging engagement elements 11. The drive mechanism 10 is arranged for synchronous movement of the bands 8, that is, for conveying them simultaneously and at the same speed.

In the embodiment shown, the conveyor belts are designed as toothed belts with tooth sets corresponding to the engagement points 9. The drive mechanism 10 each has its own gear gears 11, which cooperate with gear teeth 11, the teeth of which correspond to the partition and tooth shape of the belt teeth and form the said 30 engagement elements. The toothed belts are as shown in FIG. 2 only toothed on. their one side while the opposite strip side is smooth. It can be seen that the toothed side of the toothed belts faces the presser foot. The layers 2 which are transported by the toothed belts 8 lie freely on them.

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In order to achieve an absolutely shear-free propulsion of the toothed belts 8, these are guided by two guide rollers 12 in such a way that the toothed belts are caused to enclose each of their drive gears 11 in approx.

5 180 ° of its circumference. The steering rollers 12 serve without tension rollers for the toothed belts 8.

It has been found that reinforced plastic toothed belts are best suited for this transport mechanism. The smooth side of the toothed belts must have good sliding properties against a guide support 13, preferably of plastic. Such a toothed belt exists on the market. You can also work with a liquid film, e.g. a hydrostatic fluid layer between the toothed belt 8 and the guide support 13 to achieve wear-free conditions.

The necessary synchronization of the two toothed belts of the toothed belt can be obtained simply by the two drive gears 11 being arranged on a common shaft driven by a drive motor M.

The two timing belts 8 of the drive mechanism move absolutely synchronously 20 and conform in the sense that there is no instantaneous momentary displacement of one tooth belt relative to the other. The relatively heavy press supports 2, each with its own fiber cement mat 1, lie freely but indistinctly on the toothed belts and cannot be displaced and / or tilted due to an instantaneous delay or faster advance of one belt relative to the other. Thus, the press substrates 2 with the plates 1 can be precisely positioned at a desired location on the conveying path.

30 To increase the adhesion between the conveyor belt 8 and the press substrates 2, the conveyor belts on the side abutting the manipulating surfaces 3 have a rough surface 6.

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they, just as the manipulating surfaces are roughened. However, with the use of tooth belts as conveyor belts, it is sufficient that the manipulating surface is roughened to ensure non-slip contact between the press substrate j5 and the conveyor belts. i i

In order for the transport to be regulated as desired and differently on individual sections of the transport route, the transport in the mechanism 6 is divided into three sections, namely a section 6X passing through the press 5, a section serving in the feed direction before 10 6, and a subsequent section 6 ^ which serves as a divestment 12 3 station. On each of these three sections 6.6 and 6, two conveyor belts 8,8,8. Each conveyor belt pair is independent of the other and is driven by a separate adjustable drive mechanism 10, 10, 10, each with its own separate separately regulated direct current motor M.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the plant has a floor press 5 with two superposed press studs 12 and 4. The press thus presses two fiber cement sheets at one and the same working rate simultaneously. For every 1 2! of the two pressing points 4 and 4, a transport mechanism 6 is heard, the pressing supports 2 with the plates 1 being joined together. __ early and at the same rate carried on a lower floor and an upper floor. In FIG. 1, the upper floor is shown with 25 dash-dotted lines.

Prefabricated fiber cement mats are placed in a loading station 14 on the press substrates lying on a conveyor belt 15 in a waiting position until the mat is placed on the substrate. The finished pressed fiber cement sheets 30 are removed from the pressing supports of a take-out station 16 on the left of FIG. 1 on a conveyor belt 17. The two conveyor belts 15 and 17 respectively at the loading station 14 and at the take-out station 16 are located at the same level 7

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such as the plant's lower press floor.

Each other of the fiber cement press mats coming from the loading station is lifted at the waiting station 6 from the lower press floor level up to the upper press floor level and lowered after the press operation from the upper press floor level down to the lower press floor level in the region of deposition station 6 ^. FIG.

3 shows more clearly the loading station and the loading station. The conveyor belts 8 on the upper floor are mounted slidably in the lateral direction on a frame 20 so that the distance between the belts can be increased beyond the width of the press substrate. If the belts are in this scattered position, a pressing support can be moved between the belts in a vertical direction. This vertical transport of the press 15 supports is provided by a lifting table with a horizontal table top 21 which can be displaced by means of a lifting member 22 between an upper position above the upper press floor level and a lower position below the lower press floor level.

20 The plant works in the following steps: On a pressing substrate lying on the two conveyor belts 15 of the loading station, a fiber cement mat is placed. After simultaneous movement of the belts 15 and the subsequent belts 8, the support of the waiting station 6 is positioned 25 on the lower belts 8. The countertop 21 is in its lower position. The upper conveyor belts of the waiting station 26 are moved away from each other and are in the upper right of FIG. 3 so that the support can be transported between the conveyor belts. The countertop 30 21 is moved to its upper position, thereby raising the support above the level of the upper floor.

The upper bands return to their non-dispersed style 8

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and is located below the manipulating surfaces of the substrate. This position is shown in the upper left of FIG. Third

The countertop 21 returns to its lower position, 5 and the first support will lie on the upper bands.

In the meantime, a second 2 substrate loaded with a fiber cement mat is inserted into the lower floor of the waiting station 6.

1 2 o

The press points 4 and 4 of the press 3 are opened. At the same time 2 I.

10 the movement of the conveyor belts 8 and 8 on the two floors, the first and second loaded supports are positioned in the respective pressing position. Next, 1 2 press operation is performed, after which press points 4 and 4 are opened.

By simultaneously moving the bands 8 ^ and subsequently the bands 8 ^ on the two floors, the first and second substrates are simultaneously transported into the staging station 6 ^ where they are positioned. At the same time, the belts 8 and 8 on the two floors transport the next two 1 2 20 pending substrates to the press points 4 and 4.

The lower floor support is conveyed by simultaneous movement of the lower belts 8 ^ and the subsequent conveyor belts 17 into the take-out station 16, and the pressed fiber cement plate is removed from the support.

25 The empty substrate is transported back to the loading station 14 on a transport path not shown.

The tabletop 21 of the staging station 6 is brought into its upper position, thereby lifting a base then resting on the upper straps therefrom. They thereby relieve the upper strips and spread the table top 21 with it 9

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on this lying press substrate returns to its lower position, thereby causing the substrate to rest on the belts 8 ^ in the lower floor of the deposition station 6 ^.

5 The upper bands are approaching again and are now ready to receive a next press pad.

By simultaneous movement of the lower belts 8 ^ and the subsequent conveyor belts 17, the substrate transposed downwards is transported into the take-out station 16.

10 After removing the fiber cement sheet from the substrate, the empty substrate on the aforementioned conveyor path is transported back to the loading station 14.

The system operates continuously, and the described transport of the substrates is adjusted according to the working rate of the press 5. Corresponding to half a working rate, the substrates in the station are loaded and unloaded at stations 14 and 16. respectively. Also, the conversion of every other substrate from one floor to the second floor of stations 6 and 6, respectively, takes place within a half-press time interval.

The transport means at stations 14 and 16, i.e. the conveyor belts 15 and 17 and corresponding drive means 18 and 19 are arranged in a similar manner. The same means also regulate the return of empty substrates.

Claims (10)

An apparatus for pressing fiber cement sheets (1), in which sheet elements in the form of fiber cement mats located in the middle of each of their pressing supports (2) between two symmetrically on each side of this manipulating surface (3) are transported to a pressing point (4). ) in a press (5) and then as pressed fiber cement sheets (1) are moved away from the pressing point lying on the pressing supports by means of a transport mechanism (6) including two parallel conveyors (8) extending along the pressing point 10 (4) on the presser belts resting freely and driven by a drive mechanism (10), characterized in that the distance and width of the conveyor belts correspond to the distance, respectively, between the manipulating surfaces (3) of the presser belts (3) and their width, that the conveyor belts (8) are formed with equal, at the same distance · in the longitudinal direction of the belts consecutively and in relation to the belts stationary engagement points (9), and that the drive mechanism (10) has for rail their engagement points (9) correspondingly and 20 in these engaging engagement elements (11) and arranged for synchronous movement of the two conveyor belts "(8), i.e. at the same speed. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor belts (8) are formed as toothed belts at a uniform distance 25 in the longitudinal direction of the belts, successive teeth forming the said engagement points (9), and that the drive mechanism (10) includes drive gears, forming the engaging elements (11), and whose tooth pitch and tooth shape correspond to those of the tooth straps. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the toothed belts (8) are only toothed on one side, while their other side is smooth and the toothed side of the toothed belts faces the pressing supports (2) to be transported freely. on top of the toothed belts. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the toothed belts (8) are guided around two steering rollers (12) and the drive sprocket (11) in such a way that they form a loop. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that the toothed belts (8) consist of reinforced plastic material and that their smooth surface has good sliding properties against a guide support (13) for the particular toothed belt. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the transport mechanism (6) is divided into three sections, namely a section (6 ^) leading through the press (5), one in the direction of delivery of the plates, the installation before this section (6). ) forming a waiting station, as well as a section (6) following the first paragraph (6), forming a stop station, that the three sections in their area each include two conveyor belts (8), and that each section of the transport mechanism but (6) has its separate, independently adjustable drive mechanism (10, 10 and 10, respectively). System according to claims 1-6, characterized by a press (5) having two superposed presses (4,4) therein (4,4) and a separate transport mechanism (6) for each press point. Installation according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the transport mechanisms (6) each have a waiting station (6) and a diverting station (6), characterized in that the upper conveyor belt pairs (8) of the stations are so arranged that they can be displaced laterally to increase the distance between the two bands of the belt pair (8) in addition to the width of the press supports (2) in such a way that the press supports (2), when the two bands of the pair are spaced apart, in the vertical direction can be transported between the belts, and there is provided at the stations a lifting means (21) for vertical displacement of the press substrates. System according to one of the claims 1-8, characterized in that the drive mechanisms (10) each have a separate adjustable direct current motor (M) and that for each conveyor belt pair (8) there are two engagement elements (11) which are rotated. synchronously by means of a common shaft coupled to the drive motor (M). Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor belts (8) have a sliding of the conveyed press substrate (2) counteracting and non-slip surface facing the manipulating surfaces (3), and that the manipulating surfaces (3) also have one against the conveyor belts. (8) facing the corresponding rough surface to provide a non-slip contact between the conveyor belts (8) and the press supports (2). i; j