DK155558B - PROCEDURE AND MECHANISM FOR INTERRUPTING AN INDUCTIVE LOAD IN A THREE-PHASE HIGH-VOLTAGE NETWORK - Google Patents
PROCEDURE AND MECHANISM FOR INTERRUPTING AN INDUCTIVE LOAD IN A THREE-PHASE HIGH-VOLTAGE NETWORK Download PDFInfo
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- DK155558B DK155558B DK560478AA DK560478A DK155558B DK 155558 B DK155558 B DK 155558B DK 560478A A DK560478A A DK 560478AA DK 560478 A DK560478 A DK 560478A DK 155558 B DK155558 B DK 155558B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
- H01H9/563—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for multipolar switches, e.g. different timing for different phases, selecting phase with first zero-crossing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
- Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Description
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Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til at afbryde en induktiv belastning i et trefaset højspændingsnet, hvilken fremgangsmåde er af den i krav l's indledning angivne art, samt en afbrydemekanisme til udøvelse af frem-5 gangsmåden og af den i krav 2's indledning angivne art.The invention relates to a method of interrupting an inductive load in a three-phase high-voltage network, which is of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1, and a switching mechanism for carrying out the method and of the nature of the preamble of claim 2.
Det har vist sig, at ved afbrydelse af en induktiv belastning i et trefaset højspændingsnet, fremkommer der sommetider høje overspændinger på belastningen, der skal afbrydes. Eftersom disse overspændinger kan forår-10 sage betragtelig skade på nettet på grund af sammenbrud i isolationen og lignende, er der blevet udført adskillige undersøgelser for at klarlægge de sandsynlige grunde til disse høje overspændinger. Fra disse undersøgelser er det blevet klart, at disse høje overspændinger kun 15 forekommer, når i den pågældende kreds mindst én af en række betingelser er opfyldt, hvoraf de mest vigtige er følgende: 1. Afbrydelse bør udføres med afbrydere, som har en kort dielektrisk restitutionstid; denne betingelse er 20 opfyldt med vakuumafbrydere.It has been found that by interrupting an inductive load in a three-phase high-voltage grid, sometimes high voltages appear on the load to be interrupted. Since these surges can cause considerable damage to the grid due to breakdowns in the insulation and the like, several studies have been performed to clarify the probable reasons for these high surges. From these studies, it has become clear that these high voltages only occur when at least one of a number of conditions is met in the circuit concerned, the most important of which are the following: 1. Interruption should be carried out with switches having a short dielectric recovery time; this condition is met with vacuum switches.
2. Kravet om en forudbestemt netkonstellation; dette indebærer bl.a. tilstrækkelig kapacitet mellem faselederne både på forsyningssiden og på belastningssiden af afbryderen.2. The requirement for a predetermined network constellation; this implies, inter alia, sufficient capacity between the phase conductors both on the supply side and on the load side of the switch.
25 3. Afbrydetiden skulle være sådan, at efter ad skillelse af kontaktdelene er den ene afbryderpol tæt ved en nulstrømgennemgang.25 3. The switch-off time should be such that after separating the contact parts, one switching pole is close to a zero current passage.
Ved afbrydelse af belastningen, når de ovenstående betingelser er opfyldt, vil der i den første fase, 30 der bliver afbrudt ved nulstrømgennemgang, forekomme en overspænding, som kan resultere i genantændelser i denne fase. Under de herskende omstændigheder vil strømmen, der fremkommer fra disse genantændelser og som har meget høje frekvenser, blive helt eller delvis overlejret net-35 strømmen i begge de andre faser, der - skønt afbrydelsen har fundet sted - stadig er strømførende. Når resultan-When the load is interrupted when the above conditions are met, in the first phase, which is interrupted at zero current, an overvoltage will occur which may result in re-ignitions in this phase. Under the prevailing circumstances, the current resulting from these re-ignitions, which have very high frequencies, will be wholly or partially superimposed on the net current in both the other phases, which - although interrupted - are still live. When the result
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ten af den overlejrede strøm og netstrømmen i disse faser bliver omkring nul, vil begge de andre faser også blive afbrudt. Eftersom i genantændelsesøjeblikket netstrømmen i den første fase, som er årsag til genantændelserne, 5 imidlertid er tæt ved en nulpunktspassage, er øjebliks-værdien af strømmen i de to andre faser relativt stor, hvilket så resulterer i den såkaldte højstrømsophakning.Since the superimposed current and the grid current during these phases are about zero, both the other phases will also be interrupted. However, since at the instant of re-ignition the mains current which causes the re-ignitions 5 is close to a zero point passage, the instantaneous value of the current in the other two phases is relatively large, which results in the so-called high current decay.
I litteraturen kaldes denne ophakning af relativ høj strøm almindeligvis "virtual chopping". I lyset af det faktum, 10 at under denne "virtual chopping" er værdien af di/dt stor, kan meget store overspændinger forekomme i installationer ved "virtual chopping".In the literature, this relatively high-power pickup is commonly called "virtual chopping". In view of the fact that during this "virtual chopping" the value of di / dt is large, very large surges can occur in installations by "virtual chopping".
I en publikation af M. Murano m.fl·., "Three-phase simultaneous interruption in interrupting inductive cur-15 rent using vacuum switches", I.E.E.E. Transactions on Power Apparatus Systems, Jan./Feb. 1974, side 272-280, angående fænomenet "virtual chopping", er det blevet foreslået at indsætte en modstand i serie med en kapacitet parallelt over belastningen mellem faserne og jord. Det-20 te indebærer imidlertid den ulempe, at modstands- og ka-pacite-tsværdier skal tilpasses den kreds og den belastning, der skal afbrydes, og denne løsning er tilmed dyr, når der er tale om høje strømme.In a publication by M. Murano et al., "Three-phase simultaneous interruption in interrupting inductive cur-rent using vacuum switches", I.E.E.E. Transactions on Power Apparatus Systems, Jan./Feb. 1974, pages 272-280, concerning the phenomenon of "virtual chopping", it has been proposed to insert a series resistor with a capacity parallel to the phase-to-ground load. However, this implies the disadvantage that resistance and capacitance values must be adapted to the circuit and load to be disconnected, and this solution is also expensive in the case of high currents.
En anden metode, der refereres til i ovennævnte 25 publikation, gør brug af en ikke-lineær modstand, hvis høje pris ligeledes udgør en ulempe.Another method referred to in the above-mentioned publication uses a non-linear resistor whose high cost also constitutes a disadvantage.
En yderligere metode bruger stødbølgeundertrykkere for at begrænse de uheldige følger af "virtual chopping". Denne metode indebærer imidlertid ulempen af re-30 lativt store omkostninger, udover det forhold, at stødbølgeunder trykkerne skal placeres så tæt ved belastningen som muligt.A further method uses shock suppressors to limit the unfortunate consequences of "virtual chopping". However, this method involves the disadvantage of relatively high costs, in addition to the fact that shock waves must be placed as close to the load as possible.
De ovennævnte metoder har tilmed det til fælles, at de kun fungerer for de netværksforhold, de er blevet 35 konstrueret for. Hvis der ændres på disse betingelser, er det derfor nødvendigt at tilpasse metoden til ændrin-The above methods also have in common that they only work for the network conditions for which they have been designed. Therefore, if these conditions change, it is necessary to adapt the method to the changes.
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3 gen. Ydermere har de ovennævnte metoder det til fælles, at de ikke har været rettet mod det at forebygge "virtual chopping", men kun at beskytte imod resultaterne heraf.3 gen. Furthermore, the above methods have in common that they have not been aimed at preventing "virtual chopping", but only to protect against the results thereof.
Eftersom de tre separate afbrydere i et trefaset 5 net i praksis arbejder på en sådan måde, at en af de tre afbrydere afbryder først, må den derfor afbryde en højere effekt end de to øvrige afbrydere, som derefter gøres virksomme og afbryder de tilhørende kredse. Af denne grund har alle tre afbrydere måttet udføres på en sådan måde, at 10 hver enkelt afbryder er i stand til at afbryde den høje effekt, hvilket betyder at efter at en afbryder har afbrudt, vil de to øvrige afbrydere afbryde ved et effektniveau, som ligger langt under afbrydernes kapacitet eller afbrydeevne. De problemer, som opstår i denne forbin-15 delse, er omhandlet i US-patentskrift nr. 2.882.372, hvor betjenings- eller påvirkningsorganerne er indrettet på en sådan måde, at en bestemt afbryder altid afbryder først, således at det kun er nødvendigt at denne afbryder udformes med henblik på den høje effekt, den skal afbryde. End-20 videre er den ekstra effektafbrydeevne opnået ved at den af de tre faser, som skal afbrydes først, har to serieforbundne afbrydere. Desuden antages det at tiden mellem afbrydelse af det ene sæt afbrydere og det andet sæt afbrydere er to til tre perioder, og det er foreslået, at 25 det ene sæt afbrydere skal afbryde, når strømmen i den første fase er fuldstændig ophørt. Dette og de to, tre perioder fører til en varighed, som er meget længere end den 1/3 periode ved den foreliggende opfindelse. Dette vil også føre til at "virtual chopping" undgås, men ikke til-30 sigtet som i den foreliggende opfindelse ved hjælp af den meget nøjagtigt valgte tid. Endvidere angår US-patentskrift nr. 2.882.372 gasafbrydere og forholdene fra sådanne afbrydere kan ikke overføres til vakuumafbrydere.In practice, since the three separate switches in a three-phase network operate in such a way that one of the three switches first switches off, it must interrupt a higher power than the other two switches, which are then activated and disconnect the associated circuits. For this reason, all three switches have had to be designed in such a way that every 10 switches are capable of switching off the high power, which means that after one switch has switched off, the other two switches will switch at a power level which is far below the capacity or power of the switches. The problems encountered in this connection are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,882,372, wherein the actuators or actuators are arranged in such a way that a particular switch always switches first so that it is only necessary. that this switch is designed for the high power it needs to interrupt. Furthermore, the extra power interruption capability is achieved by having one of the three phases to be interrupted first, having two series-connected switches. In addition, it is assumed that the time between disconnection of one set of switches and the second set of switches is two to three periods, and it is suggested that 25 the one set of switches should be interrupted when the power in the first phase has completely ceased. This and the two, three periods lead to a duration much longer than the 1/3 period of the present invention. This will also lead to virtual chopping being avoided, but not intended as in the present invention by the very carefully selected time. Further, U.S. Patent No. 2,882,372 relates to gas switches and the conditions of such switches cannot be transferred to vacuum switches.
US-patentskrift nr. 3.753.044 angår en styrekreds 35 til afbrydelse af en enfaset eller flerfaset elektrisk strømtilførsel ved hjælp af tyristorer. Heller ikke herU.S. Patent No. 3,753,044 relates to a control circuit 35 for disconnecting a single-phase or multi-phase electrical power supply by thyristors. Not here either
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er der tale om vakuumafbrydere og heller ikke her undgås "virtual chopping". Tænding ved hjælp af afbryderen for den første af de tre tyristorer i en af faserne vil star-! te tænding af en påfølgende tyristor i en anden fase gen- 5 nem en transformator. Det er klart, at denne påfølgende tænding skal finde sted 1/3 af en periode senere end den foregående tænding, fordi den sædvanlige faseforskel i et trefaset net er 1/3 af en periode. Dette har imidlertid heller ingen forbindelse med "virtual chopping" og patent-10 skriftet giver ingen anvisninger på løsning af de problemer, som den foreliggende opfindelse omhandler.these are vacuum switches and virtual chopping is not avoided here either. Ignition using the switch for the first of the three thyristors in one of the phases will start! switching on a subsequent thyristor in a second phase through a transformer. Obviously, this subsequent ignition must occur 1/3 of a period later than the previous ignition, because the usual phase difference in a three-phase grid is 1/3 of a period. However, this also has no connection with "virtual chopping" and the patent specification does not provide any guidance on solving the problems of the present invention.
En bedre metode vil derfor være en fuldstændig forebyggelse af "virtual chopping". Dette kan opnås ved at man sørger for ikke at opfylde en af de tre ovennævnte 15 betingelser under hvilke "virtual chopping" kan forekomme.A better method would therefore be to completely prevent "virtual chopping". This can be achieved by making sure that you do not fulfill one of the three above-mentioned conditions under which "virtual chopping" can occur.
Hvis man ønsker at nyde godt af de specielle fordele, som en vakuumafbryder kan byde på, står det endnu tilbage at opfylde den første betingelse. For at elimine-20 re den anden betingelse skal de ledere, der både er forbundet med forsyningssiden og med belastningssiden af afbryderen, være fuldstændigt afskærmet over for hinanden.If you want to enjoy the special benefits that a vacuum switch can offer, it remains to fulfill the first condition. In order to eliminate the second condition, the conductors connected to both the supply side and the load side of the switch must be completely shielded from each other.
I praksis forekommer dette imidlertid at være en dyr og vanskelig opgave.In practice, however, this seems to be an expensive and difficult task.
25 Endelig kan den tredie betingelse modvirkes ved at synkronisere afbrydetiden i forhold til nulstrømgen-nemgang på en sådan måde, at adskillelsen af kontaktdelene ikke sker for tæt på nulstrømgennemgangen. En sådan foranstaltning kræver imidlertid anvendelse af dyrt 30 og kompliceret udstyr. På baggrund heraf er det opfindelsens formål at anvise en fremgangsmåde, hvorved "virtual chopping" kan forhindres på en simpel og dermed billig måde, uanset netforhoIdene. Det angivne formål opnås med en fremgangsmåde af den indledningsvis omhandlede art, 35 som ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved de i krav l's kendetegnende del angivne foranstaltninger.Finally, the third condition can be countered by synchronizing the cut-off time with respect to zero current flow in such a way that the separation of the contact parts does not occur too close to the zero current flow. However, such a measure requires the use of expensive 30 and complicated equipment. Accordingly, the object of the invention is to provide a method whereby virtual chopping can be prevented in a simple and thus inexpensive way, regardless of the network conditions. The stated object is achieved by a method of the kind mentioned in the preamble, which according to the invention is characterized by the measures according to the characterizing part of claim 1.
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Denne afbrydefremgangsmåde sikrer, at "virtual chopping" under ingen omstændigheder er mulig.This switching procedure ensures that virtual chopping is not possible under any circumstances.
Opfindelsen angår desuden en afbrydemekanisme til udøvelse af fremgangsmåden, hvilken afbrydemekanisme 5 udmærker sig ved den i krav 2's kendetegnende del angivne udformning.The invention further relates to a switching mechanism for carrying out the method, which switching mechanism 5 is characterized by the design according to the characterizing part of claim 2.
Opfindelsen skal nu forklares nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 er et forenklet koblingsdiagram til at 10 illustrere afbrydemetoden ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 2 repræsenterer et oscillogram af den situation, hvori strømmen, efter at en afbrydestrækning er blevet åbnet, afbrydes i de tilhørende faser ved næste nulstrømgennemgang, og 15 fig. 3 repræsenterer et oscillogram af den situa tion, hvor efter åbningen af en afbrydestrækning eller pol strømmen i den pågældende fase ikke afbrydes ved næste nulstrømgennemgang.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which fig. 1 is a simplified circuit diagram to illustrate the switching method of the invention; FIG. 2 represents an oscillogram of the situation in which the current, after an interrupt line has been opened, is interrupted in the associated phases at the next zero current review, and FIG. 3 represents an oscillogram of the situation where, after the opening of an interrupt line or pole, the current in that phase is not interrupted at the next zero current review.
I fig. 1 er afbryder og belastning betegnet med 20 henvisningsbogstaverne K hhv. L, faserne med R, S og TIn FIG. 1, the switch and load are denoted by the 20 reference letters K respectively. L, the phases with R, S and T
og de til faserne hørende afbrydestrækninger med tallene 1, 2 hhv. 3.and the interruptions of the phases with the numbers 1, 2 and 2 respectively. Third
Det antages nu, at afbrydestrækningen 1 for fase R åbner tidligere end afbrydestrækningerne 2 og 3 for 25 faserne S og T, det vil altså sige med et interval Ύ^ι der er lig med eller større end 1/3 af en periode af netfrekvensen forøget med afbryderens mindste lysbuetid ved den strøm, der kunne medføre "virtual chopping".It is now assumed that the interrupt distance 1 for phase R opens earlier than the interruption distances 2 and 3 for the phases S and T, that is, with an interval Ύ ^ ι equal to or greater than 1/3 of a period of the grid frequency increased with the switch's minimum arc time at the power that could cause "virtual chopping".
Fig. 2 viser et grænsetilfælde, i hvilket "vir-30 tual chopping" kunne forekomme, det vil sige den situation, hvori afbrydetidspunktet t^, der svarer til åbningen af strækningen 1, er blevet valgt således, at mellem tidspunktet t^ og den næste nulstrømgennemgang ved tidspunktet t2 ved fasen R er der et interval T^, der er 35 lig afbryderens mindste lysbuetid.FIG. 2 shows a boundary case in which "virtual chopping" could occur, that is, the situation in which the interrupt time t ^ corresponding to the opening of the distance 1 has been chosen such that between the time t ^ and the next zero current passage at time t 2 at phase R there is an interval T 1 equal to the minimum arc arc time of the switch.
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Afbrydestrækningerne 2 og 3 for faserne S og T bliver åbnet ved tidspunktet tog intervallet T2 bestemmes som tidsrummet mellem tidspunkterne t^ og t^.The interrupt distances 2 and 3 of phases S and T are opened at the time the interval T2 is determined as the time interval between times t ^ and t ^.
Nu er to situationer mulige, nemlig følgende: 5 a) Situationen repræsenteret ved fig. 2, hvori strømmen i fase R bliver afbrudt ved første nulstrømgennemgang efter åbning af afbrydestrækningen 1, dvs. ved tidspunktet t2· b) Situationen repræsenteret ved fig. 3, hvori strømmen i fase R ikke bliver afbrudt ved første nulstrømpassage ef-10 ter åbning af afbrydestrækningen 1.Two situations are now possible, namely: 5 a) The situation represented by fig. 2, wherein the current in phase R is interrupted at the first zero current passage after opening of the interrupt line 1, ie. at time t2 · b) The situation represented by FIG. 3, in which the current in phase R is not interrupted at the first zero current passage after opening of the interrupt line 1.
I situation a) kan ingen "virtual chopping" forekomme, fordi ved tidspunktet t^ er de øvrige strækninger 2 og 3 for faserne S hhv. T stadig lukket, hvilket så medfører, at én af betingelserne for "virtual chopping", dvs.In situation a) no "virtual chopping" can occur, because at time t ^ the other lines 2 and 3 for phases S and 2 respectively. T is still closed, which means that one of the conditions for "virtual chopping", i.e.
15 samtidig trefase-afbrydelse, ikke opfyldes. Ved åbning af afbrydestrækningerne 2 og 3 ved tidspunktet t^ vil strømmen i disse faser blive afbrudt samtidigt på kendt måde, det vil sige ved tidspunktet t^. Når åbningstidspunktet t^ for afbrydestrækningen 1 derfor bliver flyttet frem til 20 et tidligere tidspunkt, altså hvis tidsintervallet mellem t^ og t2 strækker sig forbi intervallet T^, vil strømmen i fase R med sikkerhed blive afbrudt ved tidspunktet t2, fordi lysbuetiden for afbrydestrækningen 1 er længere end dennes mindste lysbuetid T^, så at også i disse situa-25 tioner forekommer "virtual chopping" at være umulig.15 simultaneous three-phase interruption, not met. By opening the interrupt lines 2 and 3 at time t ^, the current in these phases will be interrupted simultaneously in known manner, that is, at time t ^. Therefore, when the opening time t ^ of the interrupting stretch 1 is moved to an earlier time, i.e. if the time interval between t ^ and t2 extends past the interval T ^, the current in phase R will be safely interrupted at the time t2 because the arc time of the interrupting stretch 1 is longer than its minimum arc time T ^, so that in these situations "virtual chopping" also seems impossible.
Hvis strømmen i fase R imidlertid som vist for situation b) ikke bliver afbrudt ved tidspunktet t2, vil denne strøm først blive afbrudt ved den næste nulstrøm-gennemgang, dvs. ved tidspunktet t^, som vist i fig. 3.However, if, as shown for situation b), the current in phase R is not interrupted at time t2, this current will only be interrupted at the next zero current review, i.e. at time t ^, as shown in FIG. Third
30 De øvrige afbrydestrækninger 2 og 3 vil så blive åbnet ved tidspunktet t^, der er valgt sådan, at åbningen af strækningen 2, hvortil svarer fase S, netop sker ved en nulstrømgennemgang. Som følge heraf vil faserne S og T på kendt måde først blive afbrudt effektivt ved tidspunk-35 tet t^. Hvis afbrydelsen i fase R finder sted til et tidspunkt t^ som beskrevet ovenfor, vil der ikke væreThe other interrupt lines 2 and 3 will then be opened at time t ^ selected such that the opening of the line 2 corresponding to phase S is precisely at a zero current passage. As a result, phases S and T will in the known manner only be effectively interrupted at time t If the interruption in phase R occurs at a time t ^ as described above, there will not be
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nogen "virtual chopping", fordi på det tidspunkt er åbningen mellem kontaktdelene i strækningen 1 blevet tilstrækkelig stor til at forhindre genantændelse. Når nu åbningstidspunktet t^ for strækningen 1 bliver forsinket, altså 5 når tidsintervallet mellem t^ og t^ bliver mindre, vil afbrydestrækningen 1 altid blive åbnet på tidspunktet t^, indtil dette interval bliver så kort, at det forløb, der repræsenteres ved situation a), forekommer igen. Det er indlysende, at i situation a) efter at tidspunkt t^ er 10 valgt tidligere, vil situation a) omdanne sig til situation b). Når situationerne a) og b) afgrænser det område, der bidrager til "virtual chopping", er det blevet demonstreret ovenfor, at afbrydefremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen eliminerer fænomenet "virtual chopping".any "virtual chopping" because at that time the opening between the contact portions of the line 1 has become sufficiently large to prevent re-ignition. Now, when the opening time t ^ for the stretch 1 is delayed, i.e. 5 when the time interval between t ^ and t ^ becomes smaller, the interrupting stretch 1 will always be opened at the time t ^ until this interval becomes so short that the course represented by situation a), occurs again. It is obvious that in situation a) after time t ^ has been selected 10, situation a) will transform into situation b). When situations a) and b) define the area that contributes to "virtual chopping", it has been demonstrated above that the interrupt method of the invention eliminates the phenomenon of "virtual chopping".
15 Sammenfattende kan det bemærkes, at i alle de ovennævnte situationer vil strømmen i den afbrydestrækning, der åbnes først, også blive afbrudt først på et tidspunkt, hvor enten begge de øvrige strækninger stadig er ledende, eller den strækning, der er blevet åbnet først, 20 allerede er åbnet så vidt, at "virtual chopping" ikke er mulig mere. De ovenfor beskrevne situationer gælder selvfølgelig også, når en af de to øvrige afbrydestrækninger bliver åbnet først, idet den resulterende virkning af afbrydefremgangsmåden også er uafhængig af faserækkeføl-25 gen i det trefasede net.In summary, in all of the above situations, the current in the interrupt line being opened first will also be interrupted only at a time when either of the other lines are still conductive or the line opened first. 20 has already been opened so far that virtual chopping is no longer possible. Of course, the situations described above also apply when one of the other two interrupt lines is opened first, the resulting effect of the interrupt method being also independent of the phase order of the three-phase network.
Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen udgår således en afbrydemetode, som kan bruges under forskellige situationer, uden at "virtual chopping" forekommer, og uden at der kræves andre foranstaltninger end et enkelt organ, 30 som styrer afbrydemekanismen på en sådan måde, at den anden og tredie afbrydestrækning afbrydes mindst 1/3 af en periode efter den første afbrydestrækning plus den mindste lysbuetid i den første afbrydestrækning. I praksis kan denne afbrydemetode realiseres ved at modificere afbryde-35 mekanismen i afbryderen på en sådan måde, at efter afbrydelse åbner den ene kontakts trækn ing tidligere med detThus, the method according to the invention assumes a switching method which can be used in different situations without the occurrence of "virtual chopping" and without requiring measures other than a single device which controls the switching mechanism in such a way that the second and third switching stretches is interrupted at least 1/3 of a period after the first interruption stretch, plus the minimum arc time during the first interruption stretch. In practice, this switching method can be realized by modifying the switching mechanism of the switch in such a way that, after switching off, the one contact's drawing opens previously with the switch.
OISLAND
DK 155558BDK 155558B
8 ovenfor indikerede interval end de to andre strækninger.8 above indicated interval than the other two lines.
Det er selvindlysende, at kontaktslutningen kan foregå på den normale samtidige måde hvor alle tre strækninger lukkes samtidigt. En mekanisme, der er velegnet til udøvelse 5 af afbrydefremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen, er beskrevet i hollandsk patentansøgning nr. 76.06848. Mekanismen behøver kun at ændres på en sådan måde, at knastskiven, der kontrollerer kontaktslutning og -afbrydelse, påvirker to afbrydestrækninger samtidigt, hvorimod den tredie 10 strækning bliver påvirket separat af en separat eller en forskudt knastskive. Denne separate knastskive må have en sådan konfiguration, at den tilhørende afbrydestrækning bliver afbrudt ved hjælp af denne på det ønskede tidspunkt før afbrydelsen af de to andre strækninger. Kon-15 taktslutningen kan være uforandret.It is self-evident that the contact connection can take place in the normal simultaneous way where all three lines are closed simultaneously. A mechanism suitable for practicing the switching method of the invention is described in Dutch Patent Application No. 76.06848. The mechanism need only be changed in such a way that the cam which controls contact closure and interruption affects two interruptions simultaneously, whereas the third 10 is affected separately by a separate or an offset cam. This separate cam disk must be of such a configuration that the associated interrupting stretch is interrupted by this at the desired time before the interruption of the other two stretches. The contact end may be unchanged.
20 25 1 3520 25 1 35
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL7713854 | 1977-12-14 | ||
| NLAANVRAGE7713854,A NL172899C (en) | 1977-12-14 | 1977-12-14 | SWITCHING METHOD FOR SWITCHING WITH A VACUUM SWITCH OR SIMILAR SWITCH IN A THREE-PHASE HIGH-VOLTAGE CIRCUIT AND APPLICABLE SWITCH. |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK560478A DK560478A (en) | 1979-06-15 |
| DK155558B true DK155558B (en) | 1989-04-17 |
| DK155558C DK155558C (en) | 1989-09-04 |
Family
ID=19829756
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK560478A DK155558C (en) | 1977-12-14 | 1978-12-13 | PROCEDURE AND MECHANISM FOR INTERRUPTING AN INDUCTIVE LOAD IN A THREE-PHASE HIGH-VOLTAGE NETWORK |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5489233A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT376324B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU535638B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE872763A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH636476A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2854092A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK155558C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES476006A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2412158A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2011719B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN150739B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1108276B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL172899C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO150378C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE442691B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA786984B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3924909A1 (en) * | 1988-09-27 | 1991-01-31 | Siemens Ag | METHOD FOR OPERATING AN ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT BREAKER |
| DE3833166A1 (en) * | 1988-09-27 | 1990-03-29 | Siemens Ag | Method for operating a power switch |
| DE3905822A1 (en) * | 1989-02-22 | 1990-08-23 | Siemens Ag | METHOD FOR OPERATING A CIRCUIT BREAKER |
| DE4204559A1 (en) * | 1992-02-13 | 1993-08-19 | Slamecka Ernst | Limitation of switching voltage on connecting inductive load e.g. compensation reactor coil in AC loop - connecting voltage limiter during high voltage periods and disconnecting during stationary operation of load |
| JP2564556Y2 (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1998-03-09 | ワイケイケイ株式会社 | Wooden door |
| DE19525286C2 (en) * | 1995-07-03 | 2002-08-01 | Siemens Ag | Multipole vacuum switch with a drive device |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL171144C (en) * | Shell Int Research | PROCEDURE FOR REDUCING THE TOTAL SULFUR CONTENT OF CLAUSE GASES. | ||
| DE506855C (en) * | 1927-04-09 | 1930-09-09 | Asea Ab | Arrangement on three-pole switches for three-phase current |
| DE765697C (en) * | 1938-04-28 | 1953-05-11 | Siemens Schuckertwerke A G | Device for switching off three-phase electricity |
| BE568871A (en) * | 1957-06-28 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| GB923310A (en) * | 1958-09-26 | 1963-04-10 | Ass Elect Ind | Improvements in and relating to gas blast polyphase circuit breakers |
-
1977
- 1977-12-14 NL NLAANVRAGE7713854,A patent/NL172899C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1978
- 1978-12-12 FR FR7834902A patent/FR2412158A1/en active Granted
- 1978-12-13 JP JP15325178A patent/JPS5489233A/en active Granted
- 1978-12-13 IN IN1323/CAL/78A patent/IN150739B/en unknown
- 1978-12-13 NO NO784195A patent/NO150378C/en unknown
- 1978-12-13 GB GB7848279A patent/GB2011719B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-12-13 ZA ZA00786984A patent/ZA786984B/en unknown
- 1978-12-13 AU AU42476/78A patent/AU535638B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-12-13 IT IT69838/78A patent/IT1108276B/en active
- 1978-12-13 AT AT0889778A patent/AT376324B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-12-13 DK DK560478A patent/DK155558C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-12-14 BE BE192319A patent/BE872763A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-12-14 CH CH1274778A patent/CH636476A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-12-14 SE SE7812887A patent/SE442691B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-12-14 ES ES476006A patent/ES476006A1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-12-14 DE DE19782854092 patent/DE2854092A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO784195L (en) | 1979-06-15 |
| DE2854092C2 (en) | 1987-10-22 |
| FR2412158A1 (en) | 1979-07-13 |
| SE7812887L (en) | 1979-06-15 |
| ES476006A1 (en) | 1980-01-16 |
| JPH02805B2 (en) | 1990-01-09 |
| SE442691B (en) | 1986-01-20 |
| ZA786984B (en) | 1979-11-28 |
| DK560478A (en) | 1979-06-15 |
| AU4247678A (en) | 1979-06-21 |
| IT1108276B (en) | 1985-12-02 |
| DK155558C (en) | 1989-09-04 |
| NL172899B (en) | 1983-06-01 |
| NO150378C (en) | 1984-10-03 |
| FR2412158B1 (en) | 1982-10-08 |
| IT7869838A0 (en) | 1978-12-13 |
| IN150739B (en) | 1982-12-04 |
| NL7713854A (en) | 1979-06-18 |
| NO150378B (en) | 1984-06-25 |
| CH636476A5 (en) | 1983-05-31 |
| GB2011719A (en) | 1979-07-11 |
| AT376324B (en) | 1984-11-12 |
| GB2011719B (en) | 1982-06-16 |
| DE2854092A1 (en) | 1979-06-28 |
| NL172899C (en) | 1983-11-01 |
| AU535638B2 (en) | 1984-03-29 |
| ATA889778A (en) | 1984-03-15 |
| JPS5489233A (en) | 1979-07-16 |
| BE872763A (en) | 1979-06-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUP | Patent expired |