DK154526B

DK154526B - CONNECTION WITH OVERLOAD PROTECTION

Info

Publication number: DK154526B
Application number: DK472577AA
Authority: DK
Inventors: Ary Van Der Lely; Arie Kuipers
Original assignee: Lely Nv C Van Der
Priority date: 1976-11-01
Filing date: 1977-10-25
Publication date: 1988-11-21
Also published as: ES473045A1; ES463680A1; NZ185565A; CH626961A5; GB1593089A; GB1593088A; GB1589378A; FI64844B; JPS5357347A; GB1593090A; DK154526C; FI773254A; JPS629766B2; AR216112A1; SE7712254L; CA1093854A; SE432472B; FI64844C; MX145168A; BR7707288A

Description

DK 154526 BDK 154526 B

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Den foreliggende opfindelse vedrører en sikkerhedsindretning af den type, der har et brudorgan og to indbyrdes drejelige dele, i den ene af hvilke i det mindste ét i retning mod en delene indbyrdes spærrende stilling med en fjeder belastet, specielt flere gange afkorteligt 5 brudorgan, styres forskydeligt, hvilket brudorgan i sin spærrestilling griber ind i en spærreåbning i en med delenes centrale akse i det mindste delvis koncentrisk styrebane på den anden del og understøttes aksialt mod et anslag, som begrænser dets forskydningsvej, idet brudorganet efter brud ved indbyrdes drejning af delene føres 10 på styrebanen og fra denne frigørelsesstilling er automatisk omstilleligt til en ny spærrestilling.The present invention relates to a safety device of the type having a rupture member and two mutually rotatable parts, one of which is controlled at least one in the direction of a parts interlocking position with a spring loaded, in particular several times, a cut-off rupture member. displaceable, which in its locking position engages in a locking opening in a central axis of the parts at least partially concentric guide path on the other part and is supported axially against a stop which limits its displacement path, the breaking means being guided after breaking by mutual rotation of the parts. 10 on the control track and from this release position is automatically switchable to a new locking position.

I tysk fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 1.087.393 er vist og beskrevet en indretning af denne type, der benyttes som overbelastningssikring på en plov, idet indretningens indbyrdes svingbare dele er forbundet til 15 henholdsvis bommen og til plovfæstet. Glidebanen for brudorganet findes på fæstet, som har et skær, der griber bag brudorganet i dettes driftsstilling. Fæstet har en af et anslag begrænset svingningsvej, der er således dimensioneret, at glidebanen holder det ved overbelastning afkortede brudorgan tilbage i et styr, når fæstet efter 20 afkortningen af bolten svinger til en stilling ude af drift. Fra denne frigørelsesstilling kan brudorganet ved sin fjederbelastning automatisk nå en ny driftsstilling, når sikkerhedsindretningens to dele, bommen og fæstet, bringes til at svinge tilbage til udgangsstillingen, fx ved baknlng med det køretøj, som trækker ploven.German Patent Specification No. 1,087,393 discloses and describes a device of this type which is used as overload protection on a plow, the pivotable parts of the device being connected to the boom and to the plow attachment, respectively. The sliding path of the fracture member is provided on the bracket, which has a cutter which engages behind the fracture member in its operating position. The bracket has a swing path limited by an impact which is dimensioned such that the sliding track retains the overloaded cut-off member in a guide when the bracket swings to an inoperative position after the shortening of the bolt. From this release position, at its spring load, the breaking means can automatically reach a new operating position when the two parts of the safety device, the boom and the bracket, are caused to swing back to the initial position, for example by contact with the vehicle pulling the plow.

25 Der kendes ligeledes sikkerhedsindretninger af brudorgantypen udført som akselkoblinger, se fx tysk fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 1.090.975 og tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 2.529.176. I disse koblinger strækker der sig brudorganer gennem de to koblingshalvdele i området for delenes mod hinanden grænsende flader, hvilke brudorganer i denne 30 stilling har et beregnet brudsted. I den ene kendte kobling (tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 2.529.176) kan de to koblingshalvdele efter overbelastning rotere frit i forhold til hinanden, idet boltene for at genoprette deres stive indbyrdes forbindelse skal udskiftes. I den25 Safety devices of the bride organ type are also known as shaft couplings, see, for example, German publication no. 1,090,975 and German publication no. 2,529,176. In these couplings, fracture members extend through the two coupling halves in the region of the adjacent surfaces of the members, which fracture members in this position have a calculated breaking point. In one known coupling (German Publication No. 2,529,176), the two coupling halves can, after overloading, rotate freely relative to one another, replacing the bolts to restore their rigid interconnection. In it

2 DK 154526 B2 DK 154526 B

anden kendte kobling (tysk fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 1.090.975) er brudorganerne fjederbelastet.other known coupling (German publication specification No. 1,090,975), the fracture members are spring loaded.

Efter afkortning af et brudorgan kan enten et i rotationsretningen efterfølgende brudorgan eller det samme brudorgan, idet brudorganet 5 til dette formal har flere brudsteder, automatisk under fjederkraft-plvirkningen forskyde sig til en åbning på den anden koblingshalvdel, når de to koblingshalvdele har roteret eller drejet sig så meget i forhold til hinanden, at bolten er placeret ud for den aktuelle åbning.After shortening a rupture member, either a rupture member following in the rotation direction or the same rupture member, the rupture member 5 having multiple rupture points for this purpose, can automatically shift to an opening on the other coupling half when the two coupling halves have rotated or rotated for this purpose. say so much in relation to each other that the bolt is placed next to the current opening.

Begge udførelsesformer for en brudorgankobling har ulemper, i den 10 ene kobling skal de to udskudte bolte erstattes med nye, hvilket ofte er et kompliceret arbejde, i den anden brudorgankobling genoprettes driftsstillingen ganske vist automatisk, men koblingshalvdelene er ved overbelastning adskilt fra hinanden et kort tidsrum, hvorved de efterfølgende brudorganer efter indskydningen straks skæres eller 15 kortes af, hvis overbelastningstilstanden varer længere end indtil den efterfølgende indskydning.Both embodiments of a groom coupling have drawbacks, in the one coupling the two deferred bolts must be replaced with new ones, which is often a complicated task; in the other groom coupling the operating position is restored automatically, but the coupling halves are separated by each other for a short period of time. , whereby the subsequent fracture members are immediately cut or shortened after the insertion if the overload condition lasts longer than until the subsequent insertion.

Ved opfindelsen har udgangspunktet været den indledningsvis angivne sikkerhedsindretning af brudorgantypen, som ikke har disse ulemper, eftersom brudorganerne automatisk kun kan komme til den nye drifts-20 stilling, når den på den ene koblingsdel placerede glidebane er svinget ud af bevægelsesbanen for brudorganet. Til dette formål skal svingningsbevægelsen imidlertid udløses ved aktivering af indretningen, så at driftsstillingen ikke automatisk genoprettes, efter at overbelastningstilstanden er ophørt.In the invention, the starting point has been the bridging-type safety device initially stated, which does not have these drawbacks, since the breaking means can only automatically reach the new operating position when the sliding track located on one coupling part is swung out of the path of movement of the bridging member. For this purpose, however, the oscillation movement must be triggered by activating the device so that the operating position is not automatically restored after the overload condition has ceased.

25 Med udgangspunkt i dette teknikkens standpunkt har opfindelsen til formål at tilvejebringe en sådan indretning, som er velegnet til overførsel af et drejningsmoment, og som henholdsvis afbryder og genopretter forbindelsen mellem to aksler afhængig af forekomst og ophør af en overbelastningstilstand.The object of the present invention is to provide such a device which is suitable for the transmission of a torque and which respectively interrupts and restores the connection between two shafts depending on the occurrence and cessation of an overload condition.

30 Dette formål opnås i overensstemmelse med opfindelsen ved, at indretningen er udformet som en akselkobiing med to koaksiale og aksialt indbyrdes uforskydelige, ringformede koblingshalvdele, at styrebanen er udformet som en cirkel ringflade, der over 360° omslutter den 3This object is achieved in accordance with the invention in that the device is designed as a shaft coupling with two coaxial and axially displaceable annular coupling halves, that the guide path is formed as a circular annular surface which encloses it over 360 °.

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centrale akse, og at en i styrebanens periferiretning målt bredde af den til brudorganet hørende spærreåbning er således tilpasset efter fjederens kraft og brudorganets masse, at brudorganet først er omstilleligt til den nye spærrestilling efter, at omdrejningstallet er 5 reduceret til en værdi under en forudbestemt grænseværdi.central axis, and that a width measured by the spring opening and the mass of the spring means measured in the circumferential direction of the guide path is adapted to the force of the spring and the mass of the spring means that the breaking means is only adjustable to the new locking position after the rpm is reduced to a value below a predetermined limit value. .

Med den som akselkobling udformede indretning ifølge opfindelsen opnås der ved udformningen af styrebanen og ved dimensionering af brudorgansikringen, at de ved overbelastning fra hinanden adskilte koblingshalvdele først igen forbindes med hinanden ved et forudbe-10 stemt omdrejningstal, som ligger under den normale værdi, så at det til spærrestillingen omstillelige brudorgan ikke utilsigtet overbelastes og skæres eller kortes af. Herved sikres det også, at de redskaber eller maskiner, som skal drives, ikke ved stadig overbelastning drives med et for højt omdrejningstal på deres drivaksel.With the shaft coupling device according to the invention, in designing the control path and by dimensioning the bridging protection, the coupled halves separated by each other are first re-connected to each other at a predetermined rpm which is below the normal value, so that the breaker adjustable to the locking position is not unintentionally overloaded and cut or shortened. In this way it is also ensured that the tools or machines to be driven are not driven by excessive speed on their drive shaft at constant overload.

15 Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive nærmere forklaret under henvisning til tegningen, på hvilken fig. 1 viser en til en traktor koblet landbrugsmaskine, set fra siden, med en som akselkobling udført sikkerhedsindretning ifølge opfindelsen, 20 fig. 2 et snit gennem den i fig. 1 viste akselkobling, fig. 3 en projektion af aksel koblingen i retningen efter pilen III i fig.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a side view of an agricultural machine coupled to a tractor with a shaft coupling safety device according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a section through the one of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a projection of the shaft coupling in the direction of arrow III in FIG.

2, fig. 4 et snit gennem en anden udførelsesform for en akselkobling, fig. 5 en del af akselkoblingen i projektion i retningen efter pilen V i 25 fig. 4, fig. 6 en projektion af en del af akselkoblingen langs linjen VI i fig.2, FIG. 4 is a section through another embodiment of a shaft coupling; FIG. 5 shows a portion of the shaft coupling in projection in the direction of the arrow V in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a projection of a portion of the shaft coupling along line VI of FIG.

5, fig. 7 et snit gennem en yderligere udførelsesform for en akselkobling, 30 fig. 8 en projektion langs linjen VIII-VIII i fig. 7, fig. 9 et snit efter linjen IX-IX i fig. 8, fig. 10 en projektion af en yderligere udførelsesform for en akselkobling, fig. 11 en projektion i retningen efter pilen XI i fig. 10,5, FIG. 7 is a section through a further embodiment of a shaft coupling; FIG. 8 is a projection along line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a projection of a further embodiment of a shaft coupling; FIG. 11 is a projection in the direction of arrow XI in FIG. 10,

, DK 154526 B, DK 154526 B

4 fig. 12 et snit efter linjen XII-XII i fig. 11, fig. 13 et snit gennem en yderligere udførelsesform for en akselkobling, fig. 14 en projektion i retningen efter pilen XIV i fig. 13, 5 fig. 15 et snit efter linjen XV-XV i fig. 14, fig. 16 en projektion langs linjen XVI-XVI i fig. 13, fig. 17 en holder med brudorganer til den i fig. 13-16 viste akselkobling, fig. 18 en del af den i fig. 13 viste akselkobling i en anden udførel-10 sesform, fig. 19 et snit gennem en yderligere udførelsesform for en akselkobling, fig. 20 et snit efter linjen XX-XX i fig. 19, fig. 21 en projektion af en del af den i fig. 19 viste akselkobling, 15 fig. 22 et snit efter linjen XXII-XXII i fig. 21, fig. 23 et snit gennem en del af en yderligere udførelsesform for en akselkobling og fig. 24 et snit efter linjen XXIV-XXIV i fig. 23.4 FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII of FIG. 11, FIG. 13 is a section through a further embodiment of a shaft coupling; FIG. 14 is a projection in the direction of arrow XIV in FIG. 13, FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken along line XV-XV of FIG. 14, FIG. 16 is a projection along line XVI-XVI of FIG. 13, FIG. 17 shows a holder with rupture means for the device shown in FIG. 13-16, the shaft coupling shown in FIG. 18 is a portion of the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 in another embodiment, FIG. 19 is a section through a further embodiment of a shaft coupling; FIG. 20 is a section along line XX-XX of FIG. 19, FIG. 21 is a projection of a portion of the device shown in FIG. 19 shows the shaft coupling, FIG. 22 is a section along line XXII-XXII of FIG. 21, FIG. 23 is a section through a portion of a further embodiment of a shaft coupling; and FIG. 24 is a section along line XXIV-XXIV of FIG. 23rd

Den i fig. 1 viste landbrugsmaskine 1 er en rotorharve med et stel 2, 20 til hvis forside der er fastgjort en koblingsbuk 5. På oversiden af koblingsbukken 5 er fastgjort lodrette plader 6, og på undersiden er fastgjort flige 7, hvortil der ved hjælp af bolte henholdsvis 8 og 10 kan kobles en topstang 9 og en løftearm 11 i en traktors 4 trepunkts -løfteme kan isme 3. De, set i køreretningen A, bageste ender af fligene 25 7 er fastgjort til en gearkasse 12, der foroven er lukket med et dæksel 13. Til oversiden af koblingsbukken 5 er fastgjort to skråstivere 14, der i forhold til køreretningen strækker sig bagud og nedad, og ved hjælp af hvilke koblingsbukken 5 er understøttet mod dækslet 13 ved bagsiden af gearkassen 12. Gearkassen 12 ligger på 30 tværs af køreretningen A og er i nærheden af midten forbundet med et transmissionshus 15, hvorpå der er anbragt et andet transmissionshus 16. På bagsiden af transmissionshuset 16 er monteret en gearkasse 17. En drivaksel 18, som strækker sig fremefter, set i køreretningen A, fra transmissionshuset 16, er gennem en kardan-35 aksel 19 forbundet med traktorens 4 kraftudtagsaksel 20.The FIG. 1 is a rotary harrow with a frame 2, 20 to the front of which is attached a coupling jaw 5. Vertical plates 6 are fixed on the upper side of the coupling jaw 5, and on the underside are tabs 7, to which bolts 8 respectively. and 10 a coupling rod 9 and a lifting arm 11 in the three-point lifts of a tractor 4 can be coupled to ism 3. The rear ends of the tabs 25 7 are secured to a gearbox 12 closed at the top with a cover 13. To the upper side of the clutch buckle 5 are attached two oblique struts 14 which, in relation to the driving direction, extend backwards and downwards, and by means of which the clutch buckle 5 is supported against the cover 13 at the rear of the gearbox 12. The gearbox 12 is located 30 across the driving direction A and is connected in the vicinity of the center to a transmission housing 15, on which is located another transmission housing 16. A rear gearbox 17 is mounted on the rear of the transmission housing 16. one in the direction of travel A, from the transmission housing 16, is connected through a cardan shaft 19 to the PTO shaft 20 of the tractor 4.

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Fra gearkassen 12 rager aksler 21 nedad, idet hver aksel 21 bærer en værktøjsrotor 22, hvis værktøjer under driften griber ned i jorden.From the gearbox 12, shafts 21 protrude downwardly, each shaft 21 carrying a tool rotor 22 whose tools during operation engage the ground.

Kardanakselen 19 har to kardanled 23, der er anbragt i en .teleskoplignende udformet midterdel 24 af kardanakselen 19. Kardanakselen 19 5 er med sine akselender 25 og 26 forbundet med henholdsvis kraftudtagsakselen 20 og drivakselen 18. Akselenden 26 er forsynet med den i fig. 2 viste akselkobling 27, der har en koblingsdel 28, som er forbundet med akselenden 26 ved hjælp af et i det mindste delvis hult akselstykke 29. Akselstykket 29 har i den bort fra kardanleddet 23 10 vendende ende en radialt udadragende pladeformet arm 30, hvis radialt yderste ende har en bredde, der svarer til ca. en tredjedel af diameteren af akselstykket 29. I den radialt yderste ende af armen 30 er fastgjort en i forhold til akselstykket 29's centrale akse 29A tangentielt liggende ring 31, der på den bort fra aksen 29A vendende 15 side bærer en holder 32 for et stiftformet brudorgan 33. Holderen 32 rager radialt udefter fra ringen 31 og består af en cylinderformet bøsning. Den radialt yderste ende af brudorganet 33 er lejret i en ring 34, mod hvis modsatte side en fjeder 35 ligger an. Fjederens anden ende ligger an mod en i den yderste ende af holderen 32 20 anbragt plade 36. Pladen 36 fastholdes I sin stilling af en sikringsstift 37, således at pladen ikke kan forskydes radialt udad.The PTO shaft 19 has two pivot joints 23 located in a telescope-like shaped central portion 24 of the PTO shaft 19. The PTO shaft 19 5 is connected with its shaft ends 25 and 26 to the PTO shaft 20 and the drive shaft 18. The shaft end 26 is provided with the one shown in FIG. 2 shows a shaft coupling 27 having a coupling part 28 which is connected to the shaft end 26 by means of at least a partially hollow shaft piece 29. The shaft piece 29 has at the end facing away from the cardan joint 23 10 a radially projecting plate-shaped arm 30, if radially outer end has a width corresponding to approx. a third of the diameter of the shaft piece 29. At the radially outermost end of the arm 30 is attached a tangential ring 31 relative to the central axis 29A of the shaft piece 29 which carries on the side facing away from the axis 29A a support 32 for a pin-shaped fracture member 33. The bracket 32 protrudes radially outward from the ring 31 and consists of a cylindrical sleeve. The radially outermost end of the fracture member 33 is housed in a ring 34, opposite to which a spring 35 abuts. The other end of the spring abuts on a plate 36. At the outer end of the holder 32 20, the plate 36 is held in its position by a locking pin 37 so that the plate cannot be radially displaced outwardly.

Sikringsstiften 37 er ved hjælp af en svingbar ring 38 sikret i forhold til holderen 32.The locking pin 37 is secured to the holder 32 by means of a pivotable ring 38.

Ringen 31 omslutter en bøsning 39, der fra holderen 32 strækker sig 25 i retning mod akselstykket 29 og fortrinsvis består af hærdet materiale. For at opnå en sikker føring af brudorganet 33 har dette kun lille spillerum i hullet i bøsningen 39. Brudorganet 33 forbinder koblingsdelen 28 drejningsfast med en koblingsdel 40, der har en koaksialt med akselstykket 29 liggende koblingsplade 41. Koblings-30 pladen 41 er forsynet med en fortrinsvis af hærdet materiale fremstillet fatning 42 til brudorganet 33. Brudorganet 33 rager med den tilsvarende ende ind i et tilnærmelsesvis cirkulært hul 43 i fatningen 42.The ring 31 encloses a bushing 39 which extends from the holder 32 in the direction of the shaft piece 29 and preferably consists of hardened material. In order to obtain a safe guide of the breaking member 33, this has only a small clearance in the hole in the bushing 39. The breaking member 33 connects the coupling part 28 pivotally to a coupling part 40 which has a coaxial plate 41 arranged coaxially with the shaft piece 29. The coupling plate 41 is provided with a preferably made of hardened material socket 42 for the breaking member 33. The breaking member 33 projects with the corresponding end into an approximately circular hole 43 in the socket 42.

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Fatningen 42 danner et koblingsanslag for brudorganet 33. Koblingspladen 41 og fatningen 42 har begge en cylindrisk yderflade, der grænser op til hinanden ved hullet 43's munding. I et rundt hul i koblingspladen 41 er fastgjort en bøsning 44, der er placeret koak-5 sialt i forhold til akselstykket 29 og er drejningsfast forbundet med koblingspladen 41. Bøsningen 44 er ved hjælp af stjernenoter 45 fast og drejningsfast forbundet med drivakselen 18. Inden i akseistykket 29 er bøsningen 44 omgivet af en i akselstykket 29 presset bøsning 46, der efter overklipning af brudorganet 33 skal tjene som glideleje 10 for bøsningen 44 og derfor består af et hertil passende materiale. Bøsningen 46 og akselstykket 29 er sikret mod aksial forskydning i forhold til hinanden ved hjælp af en kile 47, der er indført i en koaksialt med akselstykket 29's akse 29A forløbende udsparing 48 i bøsningen 44 og i en fordybning i akselstykket 29. På tilsvarende 15 måde kan drivakselen 18 være sikret imod aksial forskydning i forhold til bøsningen 44.The socket 42 forms a coupling stop for the breaking member 33. The coupling plate 41 and the socket 42 both have a cylindrical outer surface adjacent to each other at the mouth of the hole 43. In a circular hole in the coupling plate 41, a bushing 44 is positioned coaxially with respect to the shaft piece 29 and is pivotally connected to the coupling plate 41. The bush 44 is fixedly and pivotally connected to the drive shaft 18. in the shaft piece 29, the bushing 44 is surrounded by a bushing 46 pressed into the shaft piece 29 which, after cutting the breaking member 33, is to serve as sliding bearing 10 for the bushing 44 and therefore consists of a material suitable for this. The bushing 46 and the shaft piece 29 are secured against axial displacement relative to each other by means of a wedge 47 which is inserted in a recess 48 extending with the shaft piece 29A of the shaft piece 29A in the bushing 44 and in a recess in the shaft piece 29. For example, the drive shaft 18 may be secured against axial displacement relative to the bush 44.

Til beskyttelse af maskindelene er koblingen 27 afpasset efter et maksimalt overførbart drejningsmoment. Ved overskridelse af dette maksimale drejningsmoment afskæres den i hullet 43 liggende del af 20 brudorganet 33, således at koblingsdelen 28 kan dreje i forhold til koblingsdelen 40. Herved ligger brudorganet 33 med sin brudflade an mod periferien af koblingspladen 41, medens den i hullet 43 liggende afskårne del af brudorganet 33 på grund af den radiale stilling af hullet 43 straks kastes ud gennem hullet 43.For protection of the machine parts, the clutch 27 is adapted to a maximum transmissible torque. By exceeding this maximum torque, the portion of hole 20 in the hole 43 is cut off so that the coupling member 28 can rotate with respect to the coupling member 40. Thus, the breaking member 33, with its breaking surface, abuts the periphery of the coupling plate 41, while the hole 43 cut off portion of the fracture member 33 due to the radial position of the hole 43 is immediately ejected through the hole 43.

25 De to koblingsdele er sikret mod aksial forskydning i forhold til hinanden ved hjælp af kilen 47. Diameteren af hullet 43 er afhængigt af fjederen 35's spænding så stor, at den tiloversblevne del af brudorganet 33 under drejningen af koblingsdelen 28 med normal drejningshastighed ikke når ind i hullet 43. Først når omdrejningstallet af 30 koblingsdelen 28 ved forsætlig frakobling af kardanakselen 20 formindskes, kan brudorganet igen føres ind i hullet 43, så at de to koblingsdele igen forbindes drejningsfast med hinanden. Dette kritiske omdrejningstal ligger fortrinsvis under det minimale tomgangsomdrejningstal for traktorens motor. Følgelig kan brudorganet 33 ikke efter 35 en overbelastning retablere forbindelsen mellem de to koblingsdele, 7The two coupling members are secured against axial displacement relative to each other by the wedge 47. Depending on the tension of the spring 35, the diameter of the hole 43 is so large that during the rotation of the coupling member 28 at normal rotation speed, the remaining part of the break member 33 is so large. In the hole 43. Only when the rpm of the coupling part 28 is reduced by intentional disengagement of the shaft 20, the breaking means can again be introduced into the hole 43 so that the two coupling parts are again rotatably connected to each other. This critical speed is preferably below the minimum idle speed of the tractor engine. Accordingly, after 35 an overload, the breaking means 33 cannot restore the connection between the two coupling parts, 7

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hvis motoren endnu er i gang, idet der ellers ville kunne ske beskadigelse af maskindelene. Den i tangentiel retning i forhold til koblingsdelen målte bredde af hullet 43 (=T) findes af formlenif the engine is still running, otherwise the machine parts could be damaged. The width of hole 43 (= T) measured in tangential direction relative to the coupling part is found by the formula

/T-d V/ T-d V

5 S = 1/2 A ( _) V w r / , hvor S betegner den afstand, som brudorganet 33 skal tilbagelægge i retning af hullet 43 for igen at forbinde koblingsdelene udrejeligt med hinanden, medens A er den af fjederen 35 på brudorganet 33 udøvede 10 kraft for en given masse af brudorganet, w er vinkelhastigheden om rotationsaksen, r er radius fra rotationsaksen til den yderste ende af hullet 43, og d er brudorganets diameter. For at opnå, at A forbliver konstant efter gentagne afskæringer af brudorganet 33, skal formindskelsen af fjederkraften fra fjederen 35 på grund af afskæringerne 15 være proportional med den værdi, hvormed massen af brudorganet aftager. I denne udførelsesform er det også muligt, at koblingsdelen 40 drives af kraftudtagsakselen, medens koblingsdelen 28 er forbundet med rotorharven. I dette tilfælde kan spændingen af fjederen 35 være afpasset efter massen af brudorganet 33. Herved vil brudorga-20 net 33 under den fortsatte drejning af koblingsdelen 40 blive trykket med en lille kraft i retning mod hullet 43, så at fjederen 35 på grund af formindskelsen af omdrejningstallet trykker brudorganet ind i hullet 43 på grund af brudorganets formindskede masse.5 S = 1/2 A (_) V wr /, where S denotes the distance that the breaking member 33 has to travel in the direction of the hole 43 to re-connect the coupling parts extensively with each other, while A is the one exerted by the spring 35 on the breaking member 33 10 is the angular velocity about the axis of rotation, r is the radius from the axis of rotation to the outermost end of the hole 43, and d is the diameter of the fracture member. In order for A to remain constant after repeated cuts of the breaking member 33, the decrease in spring force from the spring 35 due to the cuts 15 must be proportional to the value by which the mass of the breaking member decreases. In this embodiment, it is also possible that the clutch portion 40 is driven by the PTO shaft while the clutch portion 28 is connected to the rotor harrow. In this case, the tension of the spring 35 may be adjusted to the mass of the breaking member 33. Thus, during the continued rotation of the coupling part 40, the breaking member 33 will be pressed with a slight force towards the hole 43 so that the spring 35 due to the reduction of the rpm, the breaking member presses into the hole 43 due to the reduced mass of the breaking member.

På grund af den radiale stilling af hullet 43 falder den afskårne del 25 af brudorganet 33 straks ud af hullet, så at den tilbageblevne del af brudorganet efter formindskelse af omdrejningstallet af fjederen 35 igen kan trykkes ind i hullet 43 til retablering af den drejningsfaste forbindelse mellem de to koblingsdele.Due to the radial position of the hole 43, the cut portion 25 of the breaking member 33 immediately falls out of the hole, so that the remaining part of the breaking member, after reducing the rpm of the spring 35, can again be pressed into the hole 43 to restore the rotary fixed connection between the two coupling parts.

Koblingen er især velegnet til maskindele, der er vanskeligt eller slet 30 ikke tilgængelige. Brudorganet har mindst fem, fortrinsvis ti driftsstillinger, hvilket betyder, at brudorganet kan afskæres mindst fem gange, fortrinsvis ti gange. Herefter kan brudorganet på nem måde udtages ved fjernelse af sikringsstiften 37, pladen 36 og fjederen 35 fra holderen 32, hvorefter et nyt brudorgan indsættes. Denne ud-35 skiftning foretages fortrinsvis ved ethvert eftersyn af maskinen.The coupling is particularly suitable for machine parts that are difficult or not at all available. The fracture member has at least five, preferably ten operating positions, which means that the fracture member can be cut at least five times, preferably ten times. Thereafter, the breaking means can be easily removed by removing the locking pin 37, the plate 36 and the spring 35 from the holder 32, after which a new breaking means is inserted. This replacement is preferably done at every inspection of the machine.

88

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En i fig. 4, 5 og 6 vist kobling er ligesom den første udførelsesform indbygget i kardanakselen 19. Koblingen har en koblingsdel 49, der har flere til holderen 32 svarende holdere 51 til stiftformede brudorganer 50. Brudorganerne 50 er placeret radialt i forhold til kob-5 lingsdelen 49's akse 49A og er forsynet med rundtgående riller 50A, der tjener som brudsteder. Et af brudorganerne 50 forbinder koblingsdelen 49 med en anden koblingsdel 52. Hvert brudorgan 50 trykkes ved hjælp af en torsionsfjeder 53 i retning mod koblingsdelen 52's cylindriske yderflade. Den ene ende af torsionsfjederen 53 ligger 10 under forspænding an mod den yderste ende af brudorganet 50 og kan bevæges i en slids i holderen 51. Virkemåden af torsionsfjederen 53 svarer ganske til virkemåden af den før omtalte fjeder 35. Koblingsdelen 52 har en radial flange 55 med et hul 54, hvis dybde svarer til afstanden mellem rillerne 50A i brudorganet 50. Hullet 54 15 begrænses delvis af en af hårdt stål fremstillet bøsning 56, der fra flangen 55's periferi strækker sig indad tilnærmelsesvis parallelt med brudorganet 50's midterlinje. Bøsningen 56 tjener som anslag for brudorganet 50 og omslutter hullet 54 over et vinkelområde på ca.One in FIG. 4, 5 and 6, like the first embodiment, is built into the shaft 19. The coupling has a coupling part 49 which has a plurality of holders 51 corresponding to the holders 51 for pin-shaped brackets 50. The brackets 50 are placed radially with respect to the coupling part 49. axis 49A and is provided with circumferential grooves 50A serving as fracture sites. One of the breaking members 50 connects the coupling member 49 to another coupling member 52. Each breaking member 50 is pressed by means of a torsion spring 53 in the direction of the cylindrical outer surface of the coupling member 52. One end of the torsion spring 53 bears 10 under bias against the outer end of the fracture member 50 and can be moved in a slot in the holder 51. The operation of the torsion spring 53 is quite similar to the operation of the aforementioned spring 35. The coupling member 52 has a radial flange 55 with a hole 54, the depth of which corresponds to the distance between the grooves 50A in the breaking member 50. The hole 54 15 is partially limited by a hard steel bushing 56 extending from the periphery of the flange 55 inwards approximately parallel to the center line of the breaking member 50. The sleeve 56 serves as a stop for the fracture member 50 and encloses the hole 54 over an angular range of approx.

100°, se fig. 6. Hullet 54 har en udgangsåbning 57 for den afskårne 20 del af brudorganet 50. Hullet 57's væg 57A er bueformet og strækker sig fra bøsningen 56 til ydersiden af flangen 55 over en vinkelafstand på ca. 90°, se fig. 6. Væggen 57A strækker sig grænsende op til bøsningen 56 parallelt med og danner grænsende op til flangen 55’s sidevæg en vinkel med brudorganet 50's akse. Desuden strækker 25 væggen 57A sig i retning mod den bort fra koblingsdelen 49 vendende side af koblingsdelen 52. Brudorganerne 50 er fastgjort til en af hårdt stål fremstillet ring 58, der er anbragt på koblingsdelen 49. På ringen 58 er der fastgjort fortrinsvis 6-10, i denne udførelsesform otte brudorganer 50, hvoraf det ene på den beskrevne måde indgriber 30 i hullet 54. For at gøre det muligt at overføre et større drejningsmoment, kan flere brudorganer indgribe i dertil svarende huller.100 °, see FIG. 6. The hole 54 has an outlet opening 57 for the cut 20 portion of the fracture member 50. The wall 57A of the hole 57 is arcuate and extends from the sleeve 56 to the outside of the flange 55 over an angular distance of approx. 90 °, see FIG. 6. The wall 57A extends adjacent the sleeve 56 parallel to and adjacent the flange 55's side wall forms an angle with the axis of the breaking member 50. In addition, the wall 57A extends in the direction towards the side facing away from the coupling member 49 of the coupling member 52. The breaking members 50 are attached to a hard steel ring 58 which is mounted on the coupling member 49. Preferably 6-10 are attached to the ring 58 , in this embodiment, eight fracture members 50, one of which in the described manner engages 30 in the hole 54. In order to allow a greater torque to be transmitted, several fracture members can engage in corresponding holes.

En i fig. 4 vist kobling danner ligesom den første udførelsesform forbindelse mellem en drivende og en drevet del og drejer i en i fig.One in FIG. 4, like the first embodiment, forms a connection between a driving and a driven part and rotates in one in FIG.

5 vist pil B's retning. Brudorganet 50 ligger fortrinsvis med lille 35 spillerum i ringen 58, og bøsningen 56 understøtter brudorganet 50 over en del af dettes periferi. Ved overbelastning afskæres den i 95 shows the direction of arrow B. The breaking member 50 preferably lies with a small clearance in the ring 58, and the sleeve 56 supports the breaking member 50 over part of its periphery. In case of overload, it is cut into 9

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hullet 54 liggende del af brudorganet 50, der på grund af den særlige udformning af udgangsåbningen 57's væg 57A udkastes i en med aksen 49A parallel retning. Denne 'udkastningsretning er fordelagtig ved anvendelse af koblingen i lodret stillede aksler. Når de to kob-5 lingsdele efter afskæringen af brudorganet igen skal forbindes drejningsfast med hinanden, må omdrejningstallet af den drivende aksel formindskes. Brudorganet 50 bliver derved af torsionsfjederen 53 igen skudt ind i hullet 54, hvorved koblingen er retableret. På grund af det store antal brudorganer 50 kan koblingen anvendes i lang tid, 10 uden at brudorganerne skal udskiftes.the hole 54 lying part of the breaking member 50 which, due to the special design of the outlet 57 of the outlet opening 57, is ejected in a direction parallel to the axis 49A. This direction of ejection is advantageous when using the coupling in vertical shafts. When the two coupling parts, after the cut-off of the rupture member, have to be re-connected with each other, the speed of rotation of the driving shaft must be reduced. The breaking member 50 is thereby again pushed into the hole 54 by the torsion spring 53, whereby the coupling is restored. Due to the large number of breaking means 50, the coupling can be used for a long time, 10 without the need for replacement of the breaking means.

I en i fig. 7 vist udførelsesform er en koblingsdel 59 ved hjælp af et stiftformet brudorgan 60 drejningsfast forbundet med en koblingsdel 61. De to koblingsdele 59 og 61 har hver en flange henholdsvis 62 og 63, der har tilnærmet cylindrisk periferi. De to koblingsdele er på 15 ikke nærmere vist måde, ligesom i den første udførelsesform, sikret imod indbyrdes aksial forskydning. Brudorganet 50 strækker sig parallelt med koblingsdelenes akse 64 og er anbragt i en til holderen 32 i den første udførelsesform svarende holder 65, der er parallel med brudorganet 60. Den i holderen 65 liggende del af brudorganet 60 har 20 en bunddel 60A, mod hvilken en trykfjeder 67 ligger an. Trykfjede ren er anbragt i holderen 65 og er fastholdt i forhold til denne ved hjælp af en tværbolt 66. Brudorganet 60 strækker sig ind i et hul 68 og ligger an mod hullets bund, så at brudorganet er fikseret i aksial retning. Hullet 68 er forbundet med en kanalformet udløbsåbning 69, 25 der fra hullet 68 strækker sig tangentielt i forhold til koblingsdelen 59's cylindriske flange 62. Udløbsåbningen 69 har et konstant cirkulært tværsnit over hele sin længde, men kan i stedet udvide sig konisk udefter. Hullet 68 kan i det mindste delvis være begrænset af en af hærdet materiale bestående del. I den viste udførelsesform er 30 der fire i holderne 65 anbragte brudorganer 60 placeret med ens indbyrdes afstande, hvoraf de tre brudorganer er reservedele, således at kun ét brudorgan forbinder de to koblingsdele 59- og 61 drejningsfast med hinanden. Hvis der skal overføres et større drejningsmoment, kan imidlertid også flere eller alle brudorganer forbinde 35 koblingsdelene med hinanden. Ved overbelastning afskæres den i hullet 68 indragende del af brudorganet 60 og føres bort radialtIn one of FIG. 7, a coupling member 59 is pivotally connected to a coupling member 6 by means of a pin-shaped rupture member 60. The two coupling members 59 and 61 each have a flange 62 and 63, respectively, having approximately cylindrical periphery. The two coupling parts are, in 15, not shown in a way, as in the first embodiment, secured against mutual axial displacement. The rupture member 50 extends parallel to the axis 64 of the coupling members and is disposed in a holder 65 corresponding to the holder 32 in parallel with the rupture member 60. The portion of the rupture member 60 has a bottom portion 60A against which a compression spring 67 rests. The compression spring is placed in the holder 65 and is held relative thereto by a cross-bolt 66. The breaking member 60 extends into a hole 68 and abuts the bottom of the hole so that the breaking member is fixed in the axial direction. The hole 68 is connected to a channel-shaped outlet opening 69, 25 which extends tangentially from the hole 68 to the cylindrical flange 62 of the coupling member 59. The outlet opening 69 has a constant circular cross-section over its entire length, but can instead expand conically outward. The hole 68 may be at least partially restricted by a hardened material portion. In the embodiment shown, four bracing members 60 located in the holders 65 are spaced apart at equal distances, of which the three bracing members are spares, so that only one brace means interconnects the two coupling members 59 and 61 with respect to each other. However, if a greater torque is to be transmitted, several or all of the breakage means may also connect the coupling parts to each other. In the event of an overload, the portion projecting into the hole 68 is cut off by the breaking member 60 and is radially removed.

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10 udefter gennem udløbsåbningen 69. Den i koblingsdelens tangentielle retning målte bredde af hullet 68 er således afstemt i forhold til fjederen 67's spænding, at brudorganet 60 kun i tilfælde af nedsat omdrejningstal igen kan nå ind i hullet 68 og dermed retablere for-5 bindeisen mellem de to koblingsdele. På grund af den aksiale placering af brudorganerne 60 har koblingen kun ringe udstrækning vinkelret på omdrejningsaksen.10 outwardly through the outlet opening 69. The width of the hole 68 measured in the tangential direction of the coupling part is so adjusted to the tension of the spring 67 that the fracture means 60 can only re-enter the hole 68 in the case of reduced rpm and thus restore the connecting link between the two coupling parts. Due to the axial location of the breaking members 60, the coupling has only a small extent perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

I fig. 8 og 9 er vist en anden udformning af hullet til optagelse af enden af brudorganet og et med hullet samvirkende organ, ved hjælp 10 af hvilket den af brudorganet afskårne del fjernes. Denne udformning kan anvendes i forbindelse med alle de i det foregående beskrevne udførelsesformer for koblingen. I den i fig. 7 viste kobling's flange 62 er der ved hjælp af en bolt 71 med undersænket hoved og med en møtrik 72 og en fjederskive 73 monteret en cirkulær skive eller skæ-15 repiade 70, der kan drejes om bolten 71 og fastholdes i flere vinkelstillinger. Langs skærepladen 70's periferi findes flere cirkel segmentformede udsparinger 74. Afhængig af skærepladen 70's diameter og størrelsen af udsparingerne 74 kan der også være flere end fire udsparinger 74. Som vist i fig. 8 danner hver udsparing 74 en for-20 længelse af en langstrakt, kanalformet udløbsåbning 75, der fra skærepladen 70 strækker sig i koblingens drejnings retning B og udefter. Brudorganet 60 indgriber i udløbsåbningen 75 og den tilhørende udsparing 74, se fig. 8. Udløbsåbningen 75's længdemidteriinje danner en udefter åben vinkel på fortrinsvis 50° med et radiaiplan gennem 25 den tilhørende udsparing 74's midterlinje. Skærepladen kan drejes omkring bolten 71, så at en anden af udsparingerne 74 kommer til at ligge i forlængelse af udløbsåbningen 75, når fx en af udsparingerne 74 er blevet beskadiget. På grund af den særlige stilling af udløbsåbningen 75 føres den afskårne del af brudorganet 60 let ud af ud-30 løbsåbningen.In FIG. Figures 8 and 9 show another embodiment of the hole for receiving the end of the fracture member and a cooperating member with the hole, by means of which the part cut off by the fracture member is removed. This configuration can be used in connection with all the coupling embodiments described above. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the flange 62 of the coupling 7 is mounted by means of a bolt 71 with countersunk head and with a nut 72 and a spring washer 73, a circular disc or cutting repeater 70 which can be rotated about the bolt 71 and held in several angular positions. Along the circumference of the cutting plate 70 are several circular segmental recesses 74. Depending on the diameter of the cutting plate 70 and the size of the recesses 74, there may also be more than four recesses 74. As shown in FIG. 8, each recess 74 forms an extension of an elongated, channel-shaped outlet opening 75 extending from the cutting plate 70 in the direction of rotation B of the coupling and outwards. The rupture member 60 engages in the outlet opening 75 and the associated recess 74, see FIG. 8. The longitudinal center line of the outlet opening 75 forms an outwardly open angle, preferably 50 °, with a radius plane through the center line of the corresponding recess 74. The cutting plate may be rotated about the bolt 71 so that another of the recesses 74 will be in extension of the outlet opening 75 when, for example, one of the recesses 74 has been damaged. Due to the particular position of the outlet opening 75, the cut part of the breaking member 60 is easily removed from the outlet opening.

I en i fig. 10-12 vist udførelsesform er koblingsdelene 76 og 77 udformet i alt væsentligt som de i fig. 7 viste koblingsdele 59 og 61. Koblingsdelen 77 har på den bort fra koblingsdelen 76 vendende side et aksialt forløbende bæreorgan 78, hvis yderside, set i retning efter 35 koblingens akse 79, er sammenfaldende med en del af koblingsdelen 11In one of FIG. 10-12, the coupling parts 76 and 77 are substantially shaped like those in FIG. 7, coupling parts 77 and 61. On the side facing away from the coupling part 76, the coupling part 77 has an axially extending supporting member 78, the outside of which, seen in the direction after the axis 79 of the coupling, coincides with a part of the coupling part 11.

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77’s periferi, se fig. 11. Bæreorganet 78 strækker sig over en vinkel på ca. 80° og har ved begge ender en i forhold til koblingsdelen 77 radialt indad forløbende afstivningsdel 80. Mellem afstivningsdelen 80 og bæreorganet 78 er fastgjort en holder 81 med flere stiftformede 5 brudorganer 60, der hver ved hjælp af en fjeder 67 trykkes i retning mod koblingsdelen 76. I holderen 81 er et antal, i den viste udførelsesform fem, brudorganer anbragt ved siden af hinanden. Den som en kassette udformede holder 81 fastholdes til bæreorganet 78 ved hjælp af en snaplås 82. Snaplåsen 82 har en torsionsfjeder 83, der trykker 10 den om en tap 84 svingbare snaplås mod koblingsdelen 76. Den mod koblingsdelen 76 vendende ende af holderen 81 har for hvert brudorgan en udsparing med en reces 85 med et centralt hul, der omslutter brudorganet 60 med lille spillerum. Recessen 85 tjener som anslag for brudorganet 60's bunddel 60A. Den bort fra bunddelen 60A ven-15 dende ende af trykfjederen 67 ligger an mod en skive 86, der ved hjælp af en tværbolt 87 er fastholdt i holderen 81. Ligesom i de ovenfor beskrevne udførelsesformer er hvert brudorgan placeret med lille spillerum i et hul 88 i koblingsdelen 77. Et af brudorganerne 60 rager ind i hullet 68 i koblingsdelen 76, hvilket hul 68 er forbundet 20 med udløbsåbningen 69. Til afbalancering af koblingen kan koblingsdelen 77 have en anden holder 81 placeret diametralt modsat den i fig. 11 viste holder 81. Der kan i stedet være anbragt afbalanceringsvægte i boringer 89 i koblingsdelen 77. Den i fig. 10-12 viste kobling arbejder i alt væsentligt på samme måde som de ovenfor 25 beskrevne koblinger. De i holderen 81 placerede brudorganer 60 kan hurtigt og nemt udskiftes. Hvis brudorganerne ikke har den viste bunddel 60A, kan selve holderen 81 anvendes som trykelement. Brudorganerne stikkes i dette tilfælde ind i hullerne 88, og holderen 81 trykkes af snaplåsen 82 mod brudorganerne.77's periphery, see fig. The support member 78 extends over an angle of approx. 80 ° and has at both ends a stiffening portion 80 extending radially inwardly with the coupling member 77. Between the stiffening member 80 and the supporting member 78 is secured a holder 81 with a plurality of pin-shaped break members 60, each of which is pressed in a direction towards the coupling part by means of a spring 67. 76. In the holder 81, a number, in the illustrated embodiment, five, fracture members are arranged side by side. The holder 81, which is designed as a cassette, is secured to the support member 78 by a snap lock 82. The snap lock 82 has a torsion spring 83 which presses the snap lock pivotally lockable against the clutch member 76. The end of the holder 81 facing the clutch member 76 each fracture means a recess with a recess 85 having a central hole enclosing the fracture member 60 with little clearance. Recess 85 serves as an abutment for the bottom portion 60A of the breaking member 60. The end of the compression spring 67 away from the bottom part 60A abuts a disc 86 which is secured by means of a transverse bolt 87 in the holder 81. As in the embodiments described above, each breaking means is placed with a small clearance in a hole 88 in the coupling member 77. One of the breaking members 60 protrudes into the hole 68 in the coupling member 76, which hole 68 is connected to the outlet opening 69. For balancing the coupling, the coupling member 77 may have another holder 81 located diametrically opposite to that of FIG. 11, the balancing weights may be placed in bores 89 in the coupling member 77. Instead, the balancing weights may be provided. 10-12, operates essentially the same as the couplings described above. The fracture members 60 located in the holder 81 can be quickly and easily replaced. If the breaking means does not have the bottom portion 60A shown, the holder 81 itself can be used as a pressure element. In this case, the breaking means are inserted into the holes 88 and the holder 81 is pressed by the snap lock 82 against the breaking means.

30 En i fig. 13-17 vist kobling er i alt væsentligt symmetrisk i forhold til et plan gennem koblingens akse 90. Koblingen er placeret ved akselen 26, se fig. 1, og er ved hjælp af gaffeldele 91 forbundet med kardan-leddet 23. Koblingen har en med gaffeldelene 91 forbundet koblingsdel 92 og en med drivakselen 18 forbundet koblingsdel 93, der er forsy-35 net med et nav 94. Navet 94 har en udsparing 95, der strækker sig radialt og indeholder en kugle 96, der indgriber i en ringformet not30 In FIG. 13-17, the coupling shown is substantially symmetrical with respect to a plane through the axis 90 of the coupling. The coupling is located at the shaft 26, see FIG. 1, and is connected by means of fork parts 91 to the cardan joint 23. The coupling has a coupling part 92 connected to the fork parts 91 and a coupling part 93 connected to the drive shaft 18, which is provided with a hub 94. The hub 94 has a recess 95 extending radially and containing a ball 96 engaging an annular groove

DK 154526BDK 154526B

12 97 langs drivakselen 18's periferi og er sikret mod radial forskydning ved hjælp af en bolt 96A. En radialt udefter rettet flange 98 er fast forbundet med navet 94. Koblingsdelen 92 har et i det væsentlige koaksialt med navet 94 placeret bæreorgan 99, der ved hjælp af et 5 nåleleje 100 er lejret på navet 94 og er sikret mod aksial forskydning i retning mod kardanleddet 23 ved hjælp af en skive 101 og en sikringsring 102. Gaffeldelene 91, bæreorganet 99 og en cirkulær, i det mindste delvis mod flangen 98 anliggende ring 104 er forbundet med hinanden ved hjælp af fire gevindbolte 103. Til ringen 104 er fast-10 gjort en ringformet plade 105, hvis rand 106 er ombukket i en ret vinkel i retning mod kardanleddet 23. Ved hjælp af gevindboltene 103 fastholdes en anden skiveformet plade 107, hvis rand 108 er ombukket i en ret vinkel i retning mod koblingsdelen 93. Ved hjælp af de ombukkede rande 106 og 108 centreres to holdere 109 og fastholdes 15 samtidig til koblingen. Holderne 109, der hver danner et hus for flere stiftformede brudorganer 110, er med en i kardanleddet 23's retning fremspringende rand 111 fastklemt under pladen 107's ombukkede rand 108. Brudorganerne 110 trykkes hver af en trykfjeder 112 i retning mod flangen 98. Inden i hver holder 109 er brudorganerne 110 indført 20 i bøsninger 113. Brudorganerne rager med lille spillerum ind i huller i ringen 104 og i pladen 105. Som vist i fig. 13 har den del af trykfjederen 112, som ligger an mod brudorganet, flere vindinger med mindre diameter end den øvrige del af fjederen. Brudorganerne 110 forbinder de to koblingsdele 92 og 93 drejningsfast med hinanden, og 25 brudorganerne og de tilhørende fjedre er tilsammen nogenlunde lige så lange som drivakselens 18 fastgørelsesdel.12 97 along the periphery of the drive shaft 18 and secured against radial displacement by a bolt 96A. A radially outwardly directed flange 98 is firmly connected to the hub 94. The coupling member 92 has a substantially coaxial bearing member 99 positioned by the hub 94 which is secured to the hub 94 by a needle bearing 100 and is secured against axial displacement in the direction of the cardan joint 23 by means of a washer 101 and a securing ring 102. The fork parts 91, the supporting member 99 and a circular ring 104 at least partially abutting the flange 98 are connected to each other by means of four threaded bolts 103. The ring 104 is fixed-10 made an annular plate 105, the rim 106 of which is bent at a right angle in the direction of the shaft member 23. By means of the threaded bolts 103 another disc-shaped plate 107, whose rim 108 is bent at a right angle in the direction of the coupling member 93. of the folded edges 106 and 108, two holders 109 are centered and held simultaneously to the coupling. The holders 109, each forming a housing for a plurality of pin-shaped rupture members 110, are clamped with a protruding rim 111 in the direction of the card joint 23 under the folded edge 10 of the plate 107, the rupture means 110 each being pressed by a compression spring 112 towards the flange 98. 109, the breaking means 110 are inserted 20 into bushings 113. The breaking means project with small clearance into holes in the ring 104 and in the plate 105. As shown in FIG. 13, the part of the compression spring 112 which abuts the breaking member has more turns of smaller diameter than the other part of the spring. The rupture members 110 connect the two coupling members 92 and 93 to each other in turn, and the rupture means and the associated springs together are approximately as long as the fastening part of the drive shaft 18.

I flangen 98 findes et hul 114 med en tilnærmelsesvis radialt forløbende slids 115, se fig. 16. Den i tangentiel retning målte bredde af hullet 114 andrager 10-20 mm, men afhænger dog også af diameteren 30 af brudorganet 110. Under hensyn til, at de to koblingsdele ved nedsat omdrejningstal igen skal kobles til hinanden, andrager afstanden mellem brudorganet 110 i hullet 114 og den heroverfor liggende væg af hullet 114 50-70% af brudorganets diameter. Brudorganet er i aksial retning fikseret af hullet 114's bund 116. Flangen 98 har ved 35 siden af hullet 114 en tilnærmelsesvis cirkulær plade 117, der ligesom ringen 104 består af hærdet materiale og har en diameter på 20-30In the flange 98 is a hole 114 with an approximately radially extending slot 115, see FIG. 16. The width of the hole 114 measured in the tangential direction is 10-20 mm, but also depends on the diameter 30 of the breaking member 110. In view of the fact that the two coupling parts have to be connected again at reduced rpm, the distance between the breaking member 110 in the hole 114 and the opposite wall of the hole 114 50-70% of the diameter of the breaking member. The fracture member is fixed in axial direction by the bottom 11 of the hole 114. The flange 98 has adjacent to the hole 114 an approximately circular plate 117 which, like the ring 104, consists of hardened material and has a diameter of 20-30.

DK 154526 BDK 154526 B

13 mm. Pladen 117 har langs periferien tre udsparinger 118 og fastholdes til koblingsdelen 93 ved hjælp af en spændbøsning 119. Brudorganerne 110 kan på den i fig. 17 viste måde sikres i holderen 109 ved hjælp af en sikringsstift 120. Ved fastgørelse af holderen 109 trækkes 5 sikringsstiften 120 ud af holderen. Brudorganerne 110 trykkes derefter af fjedrene 112 gennem hullerne i den til centrering tjenende plade 105 og ind i hullerne i ringen 104. Holderen 109 kan hurtigt og nemt fastgøres til koblingen ved hjælp af de som låsemekanisme tjenende rande 106 og 108. Bøsningerne 113 styrer brudorganerne og 10 forhindrer en vridning af disse. Den ved overbelastning afskårne del af brudorganet føres bort udefter gennem slidsen 115. Da hullet 114 ligesom i de ovenfor beskrevne udførelsesformer har en kritisk bredde i koblingens tangentielle retning, kan det forkortede brudorgan 110 først ved nedsat omdrejningstal af kraftudtagsakselen 20 igen komme 15 ind i hullet 114. Ligesom i den i fig. 8 og 9 viste udførelsesform kan pladen 117 efter beskadigelse af kanten af den til hullet 114 græn-sende udsparing 118 drejes således, at en anden udsparing 118 bringes til at samvirke med brudorganet. Ved passende dimensionering af brudorganet 110 og hullerne i ringen 104 og i pladen 105 kan der ved 20 hjælp af brudorganerne overføres større eller mindre maksimale drejningsmomenter. Holderen 109 kan ligesom holderen 81 i fig. 12 også i sig selv anvendes som trykelement for brudorganerne.13 mm. The plate 117 has three recesses 118 along the periphery and is retained to the coupling member 93 by means of a clamping sleeve 119. The breaking means 110 can in the 17 is secured in the holder 109 by means of a securing pin 120. When securing the holder 109, the securing pin 120 is pulled out of the holder. The breaking means 110 are then pushed by the springs 112 through the holes in the centering plate 105 and into the holes in the ring 104. The holder 109 can be quickly and easily attached to the coupling by the edges 106 and 108 serving as a locking mechanism. 10 prevents twisting of these. The part of the breaking member cut by overload is passed outwardly through the slot 115. Since the hole 114, as in the above-described embodiments, has a critical width in the tangential direction of the coupling, the shortened breaking member 110 can again only enter the hole at reduced rpm of the shaft 20. 114. As in the one shown in FIG. 8 and 9, the plate 117, after damage to the edge of the recess 118 adjacent to the hole 114, can be rotated such that a second recess 118 is made to cooperate with the breaking member. By appropriately dimensioning the breaking member 110 and the holes in the ring 104 and in the plate 105, greater or less maximum torque can be transmitted by means of the breaking means. The holder 109 can, like the holder 81 in FIG. 12 is itself used as a pressure element for the fracture members.

En i fig. 18 vist holder 121 er i den ene ende lukket af en kappe 122 og er fortrinsvis af plast. Kappen 122 har en reces til optagelse af 25 den ene ende af en trykfjeder 123, hvis anden ende er placeret i et bundhul i en trykstift 124, ved hjælp af hvilken brudorganet 110 trykkes med sin arbejdsstilling. Trykstiften 124 har en endedel 125 med udvidet diameter, hvilken endedel ligger op til holderen 121 ’s indervæg. Trykstiften 124 kan ligeledes være af plast. Holderen 121 30 er billig at fremstille og sikrer en fejlfri og driftssikker funktion af koblingen.One in FIG. 18, the holder 121 is closed at one end by a sheath 122 and is preferably of plastic. The sheath 122 has a recess for receiving one end of a compression spring 123, the other end of which is located in a bottom hole of a push pin 124, by means of which the breaking member 110 is pressed with its working position. The push pin 124 has an extended diameter end portion 125, which end portion rests on the inner wall of the holder 121. The pressure pin 124 may also be of plastic. The holder 121 30 is inexpensive to manufacture and ensures a flawless and reliable operation of the clutch.

I en i fig. 19-22 vist udførelsesform er koblingsdelen 93 udformet ligesom den tilsvarende i fig. 13 viste koblingsdel. Koblingsdelen 93 er drejningsfast forbundet med en koblingsdel 126 ved hjælp af ét af 35 de stiftformede brudorganer 110. Koblingsdelen 126 er ved hjælp afIn one of FIG. 19-22, the coupling member 93 is designed like the one shown in FIG. 13. The coupling member 93 is pivotally connected to a coupling member 126 by means of one of the pin-shaped breaking members 110.

,4 DK 154526 B, 4 DK 154526 B

flere gevindbolte 127 forbundet med en fastgørelsesdel 128 med tilnærmelsesvis cylindrisk periferi, hvortil gaffeldelene 91 er fastgjort. Fastgørelsesdelen 128 har et bæreorgan 129, der har samme funktion som bæreorganet 99 og er placeret mellem fastgørelsesdelen 128 og 5 ringen 104. Bæreorganet 129 har to i forhold til koblingens akse 130 diametralt over for hinanden placerede udsparinger 131 til optagelse af holdere til brudorganerne. I hver udsparing 131 er fortrinsvis anbragt fem cylinderformede holdere 132 til hver sit brudorgan 110.a plurality of threaded bolts 127 connected to a fastening portion 128 of approximately cylindrical periphery to which the fork portions 91 are attached. The fastener 128 has a carrier 129 having the same function as the carrier 99 and is located between the fastener 128 and the ring 104. The carrier 129 has two recesses 131 in relation to the axis of the coupling 130 diametrically opposite one another for receiving holders for the breaker means. Preferably, in each recess 131, five cylindrical holders 132 are provided for each of its rupture members 110.

Hver holder 132 er et hylster af plast. Holderen 132 strækker sig 10 mellem fastgørelsesdelen 128 og ringen 104.Each holder 132 is a plastic case. The bracket 132 extends 10 between the attachment member 128 and the ring 104.

Den endedel af holderen 132, som ligger an mod ringen 104, har en konisk, mod holderens ende tilspidset indervægsdel 133, der danner en føring for brudorganet 110 og samtidigt et anslag for en udvidet del af et trykstykke 134, der i alt væsentligt svarer til trykstiften 15 124. Holderen 132 er i den bort fra brudorganet vendende ende lukket ligesom den i fig. 18 viste holder 121. En kappe 135 er ved hjælp af en spaendbøsning fastgjort i holderen 132.The end portion of the holder 132 abutting the ring 104 has a tapered inner wall portion 133 tapered toward the end of the holder, forming a guide for the rupture member 110 and at the same time an abutment for an extended portion of a pressure member 134 which substantially corresponds to the pressure pin 15 124. The holder 132 is closed at the end facing away from the fracture member as is the one shown in FIG. 18, a sheath 135 is secured to the holder 132 by means of a tensioning sleeve.

I udsparingen 131 er holderne 132 sikret ved hjælp af et dæksel 136, der er placeret koaksialt med aksen 130, og hvis aksialt forløbende 20 kantdele 137, se fig. 20, er ombukket radialt udad. Kantdelene 137 omsluttes af torsionsfjedre 138, hvis vindinger omslutter gevindbolten og trykker dækslet 136 i retning mod aksen 130. For at hindre en aksial forskydning af dækslet 136 i forhold til fjedrene 138 har hver kantdel 137 profileringer 139, se fig. 19, der ligger ud for de dele af 25 fjedrene 138, som omslutter kantdelene 137. Brudorganet 110 indgriber i hullet 114, der på forsiden - i forhold til drejnings retningen B, se fig. 21 - begrænses af en skæreplade 70, jfr. fig. 8 og 9. På den modsat skærepladen 70 liggende side af hullet 114 er anbragt et pladeformet udfyldningsstykke 140, der er fastgjort til koblingsdelen 30 93 ved hjælp af en bolt og en møtrik. Hullet 114 har den i fig. 21 angivne bredde 141. De fra den nævnte side af hullet 114 til gevindboltens akse og til den bort fra skærepladen 70 vendende ende af udfyldningsstykket 140 målte afstande er i fig. 21 betegnet med henholdsvis 141a og 141b. I den følgende tabel er angivet afstandene 35 141a og 141b afhængigt af forskellige diametre af brudorganet:In the recess 131, the holders 132 are secured by a cover 136 located coaxially with the axis 130 and whose axially extending edge portions 137, see FIG. 20, is bent radially outward. The edge portions 137 are enclosed by torsion springs 138, the turns of which enclose the threaded bolt and push the cover 136 toward the axis 130. To prevent axial displacement of the cover 136 relative to the springs 138, each edge portion 137 has profiling 139, see FIG. 19, which is adjacent to the parts of the springs 138 which surround the edge members 137. The breaking member 110 engages in the hole 114 which, on the front side - relative to the direction of rotation B, see fig. 21 - limited by a cutting plate 70, cf. FIG. 8 and 9. On the opposite side of the hole 70 lying on the opposite side of the cutting plate 70 is a plate-shaped filling piece 140 which is attached to the coupling part 30 93 by means of a bolt and a nut. The hole 114 has the one shown in FIG. 21, the width 14 indicated from the said side of the hole 114 to the axis of the threaded bolt and to the end facing away from the cutting plate 70 from the filling piece 140 is shown in FIG. 21 denoted by 141a and 141b, respectively. The following table lists the distances 35 141a and 141b depending on different diameters of the fracture member:

Claims

25 PATENT REQUIREMENTS

A safety device of the type having a breaking member and having two mutually rotatable parts (28, 40; 49, 52; 59, 61), in one (28; 52; 61) of which at least one of direction toward a partially interlocking position with a spring (35; 53; 67) actuated, in particular several 30-fold truncated rupture means (33; 50; 60), slidably guided, which rupture means engages in a ratchet opening (43, 54) in its locking position. , In a central axis (29A; 49A, 64) of the central axis of the parts (28, 40; 49, 52; 59, 61) at least partially concentric guide path on the other part (40; 49; 59) and supported axially against an abutment (42; 56; 68) which restricts its path of displacement, leading the fracture member (33; 50; 60) after 5 breaks by mutually rotating the members (28, 40; 49, 52; 59, 61) on the steering path and from this release position is automatically switchable to a new locking position, characterized in that the device is designed as a shaft coupling (27) with two coaxial and axially mutually displaced straight, 10 annular, coupling halves (28, 40; 49, 52; 59, 61) that the guide web is formed as a circular ring surface enclosing the central axis (29A, 49A; 64) over 360 ° and that a width of the width of the guide member (33; 50; 60) measured in the circumferential direction of the guide web locking aperture (43; 54; 68) is so adapted to the force of the spring (35; 53; 57) and the mass of the breaking means that the breaking means is only adjustable to the new locking position after the rpm has been reduced to a value below a predetermined limit value.

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the breaking means (33; 50; 60) together with the associated spring (35; 53; 67) are interchangeably mounted in a socket (32; 51; 65) which is firmly connected with one of the coupling halves (28; 49; 61).

Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that several coupling means (50; 60) are evenly distributed around the periphery of the shaft coupling 25.

Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an outlet (57; 69) for the cut-off opening (54; 68) is connected to the cut-off part (50; 60) which opens into the the free end surface of the coupling half (52; 59) having the locking opening.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the breaking member (60) extends parallel to the central axis (64) of the shaft coupling.