DK152641B - VITAMINARY FEED SUPPLEMENT - Google Patents
VITAMINARY FEED SUPPLEMENT Download PDFInfo
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- DK152641B DK152641B DK280077AA DK280077A DK152641B DK 152641 B DK152641 B DK 152641B DK 280077A A DK280077A A DK 280077AA DK 280077 A DK280077 A DK 280077A DK 152641 B DK152641 B DK 152641B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/59—Compounds containing 9, 10- seco- cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
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Description
DK 152641 BDK 152641 B
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Den foreliggende opfindelse angår et fodersupplement i form af en vandig emulsion af fedt- og vandopløselige vitaminer, især en emulsion indeholdende vitaminerne A, D, E og K.The present invention relates to a feed supplement in the form of an aqueous emulsion of fat and water soluble vitamins, in particular an emulsion containing vitamins A, D, E and K.
Anvendelsen af vitaminopløsninger, som indeholder fedtopløselige vitaminer, og som er gjort "vandopløselige" ved emulgering, er taget til ved fodring af dyr. Dette skyldes hl.a. automatisering af fodringen, som er et resultat af forøgede dyrebesætninger. Behovet for vitamintilskud er vokset som resultat af det forøgede produktionsniveau (stress) og den forbedrede foderudnyttelse. Fodring med vitamin- ! i tilskud er blevet en rutine og er i de fleste tilfælde lettest at administrere separat som. et flydende foderpræparat sammen med drikkevandet .The use of vitamin solutions containing fat-soluble vitamins and rendered "water-soluble" by emulsification has been enhanced by the feeding of animals. This is due to hl.a. feeding automation, which is a result of increased animal herds. The need for vitamin supplements has increased as a result of the increased production level (stress) and the improved feed utilization. Vitamin feeding! in grants has become a routine and in most cases is easiest to administer separately as. a liquid feed preparation together with the drinking water.
Oralt administrerbare emulsioner indeholdende vitaminerne A, D, E (og undertiden K) eller blandinger deraf fremstilles med fordel ved under kraftig omrøring at blande et olieagtigt vitaminråmateriale og en emulgator i et grundlag eller et bæremiddel, sædvanligvis vand.Orally administrable emulsions containing vitamins A, D, E (and sometimes K) or mixtures thereof are advantageously prepared by mixing vigorously with an oily vitamin raw material and an emulsifier in a base or carrier, usually water.
Ved sammenligning af de således opnåede "vandopløselige" produkter med hensyn til deres udnyttelse er sædvanligvis kun absorptionskapaciteten af det emulgerede vitamin (f.eks. vitamin A acetat/palmitat) taget i betragtning,men ikke den mulige virkning af grundlaget.In comparing the "water-soluble" products thus obtained with respect to their utilization, only the absorption capacity of the emulsified vitamin (e.g., vitamin A acetate / palmitate) is usually taken into account, but not the possible effect of the basis.
Det har overraskende vist sig, at det ved tilsætning af en sukkeralkohol med 5 eller 6 carbonatomer eller en blanding af sådanne sukkeralkoholer til vitaminemulsionsgrundlaget er muligt at forbedre vitaminemulsionens mikrobiologiske resistens, stabilitet, absorption, udnyttelse og smag. SukkeralkoholtiIsætningen udgør 5 til 30% tørstof, beregnet på vitaminemulsionens totalvægt, idet en fordelagtig tilsætning er på 15%.Surprisingly, it has been found that by adding a sugar alcohol of 5 or 6 carbon atoms or a mixture of such sugar alcohols to the vitamin emulsion basis, it is possible to improve the microbiological resistance, stability, absorption, utilization and taste of the vitamin emulsion. The sugar alcohol addition is 5 to 30% dry matter, based on the total weight of the vitamin emulsion, with an advantageous addition being 15%.
I overensstemmelse hermed er fodersupplementet ifølge opfindelsen ejendommeligt ved, at det yderligere indeholder en sukkeralkohol med 5 eller 6 carbonatomer eller en blanding af sådanne sukkeralkoholer i en mængde på 5 til 30 vægtprocent, fortrinsvis 15 vægtprocent, beregnet som tørstof på produktets totalvægt, til forbedring af stabiliteten, absorptionen, akkumulationen, udnyttelsen og smagen af de emulgerede vitaminer.Accordingly, the feed supplement of the invention is characterized in that it further contains a sugar alcohol of 5 or 6 carbon atoms or a mixture of such sugar alcohols in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 15% by weight, calculated as dry matter on the total weight of the product, the stability, absorption, accumulation, utilization and taste of the emulsified vitamins.
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DK 152641 BDK 152641 B
Det har vist sig særligt fordelagtigt at sætte xylitol såvel som melasse opnået som et biprodukt ved xylitolfremstillingen fra plantemateriale, såsom træ, til emulsionsgrundlaget.It has been found particularly advantageous to add xylitol as well as molasses obtained as a by-product of xylitol production from plant material such as wood to the emulsion base.
Det ovennævnte fra birketræ opnåede biprodukt er en gulbrun, sød væske med en specifik vægt på ca. 1,22 som en 50$' s vandig opløsning. Dens kalorieværdi og sødhedsgrad svarer til glucose. Biproduktet indeholder adskillige sukkeralkoholer, og dets sammensætning, beregnet som tørstof, er sædvanligvis som følger:The above by-product obtained from birch wood is a tan, sweet liquid with a specific weight of approx. 1.22 as a 50 $ aqueous solution. Its caloric value and sweetness are similar to glucose. The by-product contains several sugar alcohols, and its composition, calculated as a dry substance, is usually as follows:
Tabel 1.Table 1.
Xylitol 15-25 vægtprocent arabitol 20-35 vægtprocent mannitol 15-25 vægtprocent sorbitol 5-15 vægtprocent dulcitol 5-15 vægtprocent rhamnitol 5-10 vægtprocent andre 2-5 vægtprocent nedbrydningsprodukter 2-5 vægtprocentXylitol 15-25 wt% arabitol 20-35 wt% mannitol 15-25 wt% sorbitol 5-15 wt% dulcitol 5-15 wt% rhamnitol 5-10 wt% other 2-5 wt% decomposition products 2-5 wt%
Ved senere fremgangsmåder er xylit o ludvindingen forbedret, og sammensætningen, beregnet som tørstof, kan variere indenfor følgende grænser:In later methods, xylite oil recovery is improved and the composition, calculated as dry matter, may vary within the following limits:
Tabel II.Table II.
Xylitol 6-l8 vægtprocent arabitol 9-21 vægtprocent mannitol 13-19 vægtprocent sorbitol 8-12 vægtprocent dulcitol 5-11 vægtprocent rhamnitol 4-6 vægtprocent reducerede sukkerstoffer 8-15 vægtprocent andre polyoler 6-14 vægtprocentXylitol 6 -18 wt% arabitol 9-21 wt% mannitol 13-19 wt% sorbitol 8-12 wt% dulcitol 5-11 wt% rhamnitol 4-6 wt% reduced sugars 8-15 wt% other polyols 6-14 wt%
Det er kendt fra litteraturen, at f.eks. xylitol stimulerer leverfunktionerne og øger celleaktiviteten. Det er også kendt, at mundens mikrober ikke formår at udnytte xylitol som energikilde, og at suk-keralkoholeme bevares uden nedbrydning i lang tid i vomvæsken (in vitro) (Poutiainen E., et al., 1976, Proc. Lutr. Soc. 294th Scientific Meeting, London, side 140-141 A, finsk patentansøgning 76 0746It is known from the literature that e.g. xylitol stimulates liver function and increases cell activity. It is also known that the microbes of the mouth fail to utilize xylitol as an energy source and that the sugar alcohols are preserved without long degradation in the rumen fluid (in vitro) (Poutiainen E., et al., 1976, Proc. Lutr. Soc. 294th Scientific Meeting, London, pages 140-141 A, Finnish patent application 76 0746
DK 152641 BDK 152641 B
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Og dansk patentansøgning 1212/72 jfr. DK-fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 146.192).And Danish patent application 1212/72, cf. DK Publication No. 146,192).
Opfindelsen belyses ved hjælp af de følgende eksempler, der angår additiver, som har vist sig særligt fordelagtige.The invention is illustrated by the following examples which relate to additives which have proved particularly advantageous.
Eksempel 1.Example 1.
Mikrobiologisk sammenligning.Microbiological comparison.
I eksempel 1 er den mikrobiologiske anvendelighed af forskellige additiver i vitaminemuisionsgrundlåget undersøgt. Som additiver anvendes xylitol og et biprodukt fra xylitolfremstillingen, og i sammenligningstests anvendtes saccharose, ligesom der også udførtes tests med rent vand.In Example 1, the microbiological utility of various additives in the vitamin mouse basis is investigated. As additives, xylitol and a by-product of the xylitol preparation are used, and in comparative tests sucrose was used, as were tests with pure water.
I disse tests kontamineredes en opløsning indeholdende 15$ xylitol, biprodukt eller saccharose som tørstof såvel som en opløsning indeholdende destilleret vand med en mikrobesuspension indeholdende følgende mikrober:In these tests, a solution containing 15 $ xylitol, by-product or sucrose as a dry solid as well as a solution containing distilled water was contaminated with a microbesus suspension containing the following microbes:
Escherichia coli (gram-negativ stav)Escherichia coli (gram-negative rod)
Staphylococcus epidemis (gram-positive kokker) Saccharomyces carlsbergensis (gærsvamp).Staphylococcus epidemis (gram-positive cooks) Saccharomyces carlsbergensis (yeast fungus).
De en nat gamle forkulturer omrørtes til dannelse af en blandet suspension, som fortyndedes i forholdet 1 til 1000. 1 ml af denne suspension pippeteredes over i 100 ml af hver testopløsning, og opløsningerne overførtes til et inkubationskammer, hvis temperatur var 35°C.The one-night-old precultures were stirred to form a mixed suspension which was diluted in a ratio of 1 to 1000. 1 ml of this suspension was pipetted into 100 ml of each test solution and the solutions were transferred to an incubation chamber whose temperature was 35 ° C.
Opløsningernes mikrobekoncentrationer fulgtes i over en måned ved udførelse af dyrkninger af grundlaget på bakterietællingsagar og på saboraud-agar. Resultaterne af disse tests er vist i tabel III. I tabellen viser tallene mikrobekoncentrationen på hvert tidspunkt, bestemt som antal celler/ml.The microbial concentrations of the solutions were followed for over a month by performing cultures on the basis of bacterial counting agar and on saboraud agar. The results of these tests are shown in Table III. In the table, the numbers show the microbial concentration at each time point, determined as the number of cells / ml.
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Af testresultaterne kan det ved sammenligning af saccharose, xylitol, biproduktet fra xylitolfremstiliingen og destilleret vand konkluderesat saccharoseopløsningen viste sig at være klart det bedste vækst-• substrat for mikroberne. Xylitol og destilleret vand var indbyrdes ækvivalente, hvilket beviser, at xylitol er et dårligt mikrobenæringsmiddel, men under testbetingelserne synes xylitol heller ikke at hæmme væksten af mikroberne i nogen større udstrækning. Biproduktet, der opnåedes fra xylitolfremstillingen indeholder tilsyneladende bestanddele, som hæmmer vådest.en af bakterier, men ikke af gærsvampe. Sammenfattet trives bakterierne således dårligt på sukkeralkoholer, d.v.s. mindst lige så dårligt som i rent vand.From the test results, by comparison of sucrose, xylitol, the by-product of xylitol preparation and distilled water, it can be concluded that the sucrose solution proved to be clearly the best growth substrate for the microbes. Xylitol and distilled water were mutually equivalent, proving that xylitol is a poor micro-nutrient, but under the test conditions, xylitol also does not appear to inhibit the growth of the microbes to any great extent. The by-product obtained from the xylitol preparation apparently contains ingredients that inhibit the wetness of bacteria, but not of yeast fungi. In summary, the bacteria thus thrive on sugar alcohols, i.e. at least as bad as in pure water.
Eksempel 2.Example 2.
Mikrobiologisk sammenligning af en sukkeralkoholholdig vitaminopløsning med et medicinsk vitaminpræparat.Microbiological comparison of a sugar-alcoholic vitamin solution with a medical vitamin preparation.
I denne test sammenlignedes to vitaminopløsninger med hensyn til deres tendens til at blive kontamineret. De anvendte præparater var en vandbaseret vitaminopløsning (A-D-E-VI1IN®/Astra) og en tilsvarende vitamin Ar,. D-, E-opløsning, der yderligere indeholdt 15$ sukkeralkoholer (biprodukt fra xylitolfremstillingen, tabel I) som tørstof, beregnet på totalvægten af opløsningen. Kontamineringen og de eksperimentelle fremgangsmåder var som i eksempel 1. Resultaterne er vist i tabel IV.In this test, two vitamin solutions were compared for their tendency to become contaminated. The preparations used were a water-based vitamin solution (A-D-E-VI1IN® / Astra) and a corresponding vitamin Ar. D, E solution, further containing 15 $ sugar alcohols (by-product of the xylitol preparation, Table I) as dry matter, calculated on the total weight of the solution. The contamination and experimental procedures were as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table IV.
label IVlabel IV
6 DK 152641 B6 DK 152641 B
ffiikrobiologisk sammenligning af en sukkeralkoholholdig vitaminopløsning med et medicinsk vitaminpræparat.Microbiological comparison of a sugar-alcoholic vitamin solution with a medical vitamin preparation.
Inku- Vitaminopløsning bat ions- ----------- ------------------------------ . — —- -------- 4-j dae-é A-D-E-VIMIIT®/Astra A-D-E-opløsning, indeholdende s biprodukt fra xylitolfrem- stillingIncu- Vitamin Solution Bat ions ----------------------------------------------. - —- -------- 4-J Days-One A-D-E-VIMIIT® / Astra A-D-E Solution Containing S By-Product of Xylitol Preparation
Blandet suspension Blandet suspension Tællings- Saboraud-agar Tællings- Saboraud-agar agar bak- gærsvampe/ agar bak- gærsvampe/ terier skimmelsvampe terier skimmelsvampe celler/ml celler/ml celler/ml celler/ml 1 52.000.000 25.600.000 31.000 700 2 750.000 40.000 110 100 9 190.000 160.000 14 240.000 110.000 41 - 82.000Mixed suspension Mixed suspension Counting Saboraud agar Counting Saboraud agar agar yeast fungus / agar yeast fungus / terrier mold terrier mold cells / ml cells / ml cells / ml cells / ml 1 52,000,000 25,600,000 31,000 700 2 750,000 40,000 110 100 9 190,000 160,000 14 240,000 110,000 41 - 82,000
Af resultaterne kan det ses, at vandbaseret A-D-E-VIMIN® er et meget bedre vækstsubstrat for mikroberne end den tilsvarende sukker-alkoholholdige vitamin A-, D-, E-opløsning. I den sukkeralkoh.olh.ol-dige vitaminopløsning opkørte mikrobevæksten meget hurtigt efter contamineringen. Efter 1 dag var bakterieindhoIdet formindsket til mindre end l/lOO af mængden efter kontamineringen, d.v.s. at den suk-keralkoholholdige vitaminopløsning mikrobiologisk set er meget stabil.From the results, it can be seen that water-based A-D-E-VIMIN® is a much better growth substrate for the microbes than the corresponding sugar-alcoholic vitamin A, D, E solution. In the sugar-alcohol-rich vitamin solution, micro-growth increased rapidly after contamination. After 1 day, the bacterial content was reduced to less than 1 / 100th of the amount after contamination, i.e. that the sugar-alcoholic vitamin solution is microbiologically very stable.
Den samme type kontamineringstest udførtes også under anvendelse af en periodisk kontaminerings fremgangsmåde med yderligere to kendte refe-rence-vitaminprodukter. Testresultaterne er vist i tabel V.The same type of contamination test was also performed using a periodic contamination method with two additional known reference vitamin products. The test results are shown in Table V.
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8 DK 152641B8 DK 152641B
Tilsætningen af sukker alkohol gør vitaminproduktet meget stabilt overfor mikrober. Kontamineringen forsvandt hver gang på 1 dag.The addition of sugar alcohol makes the vitamin product very stable to microbes. The contamination disappeared every 1 day.
Eksempel 3.Example 3
Stabiliteten af vitaminer.The stability of vitamins.
I denne test undersøgtes bevarelsen af vitaminer ved forskellige temperaturer, når der sattes sukkeralkohol (biprodukt ved xylitolfremstillingen, tabel I) til vitaminemulsionsgrundlaget i en mængde på 15i» som tørstof, beregnet på totalvægten af emulsionen. Som vitaminkomponenter indeholdt emulsionen 30.000 IE vitamin A, 3000 IE vitamin ° g 30 mg vitamin E pr. ml. Destilleret vand anvendtes som det grundlag, hvortil sukker alkoholen og de andre nødvendige midler sat tes.In this test, the preservation of vitamins at various temperatures when sugar alcohol (by-product of xylitol preparation, Table I) was investigated in the vitamin emulsion basis in an amount of 15i as dry matter, based on the total weight of the emulsion. As vitamin components, the emulsion contained 30,000 IU vitamin A, 3,000 IU vitamin ° g 30 mg vitamin E per day. ml. Distilled water was used as the basis on which the sugar and other necessary agents were added.
Præparatet blev frosset (-20°C) og holdt ved denne temperatur i 10 dage, hvorefter præparatet blev optøet og holdt ved stuetemperatur (+20°C) i 53 dage, hvorefter produktet blev holdt i et køleskab ‘(+4°C). Der blev taget prøver fra præparatet under fryseperioden (3 dage), efter opbevaring ved stuetemperatur (53 dage) og efter opbevaring i køleskab, hvorved produktet havde været opbevaret i alt 9 måneder. Prøverne blev testet for deres vitaminindhold på hvert trin. Resultaterne er vist i følgende tabel.The preparation was frozen (-20 ° C) and kept at this temperature for 10 days, then thawed and kept at room temperature (+ 20 ° C) for 53 days, after which the product was kept in a refrigerator (+ 4 ° C). . Samples were taken from the preparation during the freezing period (3 days), after storage at room temperature (53 days) and after storage in the refrigerator, whereby the product had been stored for a total of 9 months. The samples were tested for their vitamin content at each stage. The results are shown in the following table.
Tabel VI.Table VI.
Bevarelse af en vitaminemulsion ved forskellige temperaturer.Preservation of a vitamin emulsion at different temperatures.
Opbevaringstid Temperatur Vitamin E Vitamin AShelf life Temperature Vitamin E Vitamin A
°C° C
3 dage -20 36,7 32.900 53 dage +20 34,7 31.600 9 måneder +4 33,9 31.4603 days -20 36.7 32,900 53 days +20 34.7 31,600 9 months +4 33.9 31,460
Af testresultaterne kan det konkluderes, at præparatets vitaminindhold bevares i udstrakte tidsrum ved varierende temperaturbetingelser.From the test results, it can be concluded that the vitamin content of the preparation is retained for extended periods of time under varying temperature conditions.
Eksempel 4.Example 4
Bevægelse af radioaktivt mærket vitamin A i fordøjelseskanalen.Movement of radiolabelled vitamin A in the digestive tract.
9 DK 152641 B9 DK 152641 B
I disse tests undersøgtes radioaktivitetens bevægelse i fordøjelseskanalen for hrf D-, E-opløsninger ved hjælp af tritium-mærket vitamin A, 'A-^(All-trans)l-^H(N), under anvendelse af tre grupper å fem SPE (specifikt patogenfrie) mus. Testens resultater er givet i den følgende tabel VII,som viser den radioaktivitet, der fandtes i fordøjelseskanalen to timer efter den perorale administration, beregnet som io af den administrerede mængde. Som hovedtilsætning for vita-minemulsionen anvendtes xylitol og biproduktet fra xylitolfremstil-lingen (tabel I), og der udførtes også en testserie, hvori grundlaget var rent vand. Sukkeralkoholen udgjorde 15$ som tørstof, beregnet på totalvægten af emulsionen.In these tests, the movement of radioactivity in the digestive tract for hrf D, E solutions using tritium-labeled vitamin A, A - ^ (All-trans) 1- H (N), was investigated using three groups of five SPEs. (specifically pathogen-free) mice. The results of the test are given in the following Table VII, which shows the radioactivity found in the digestive tract two hours after oral administration, calculated as io of the amount administered. As the main additive for the vitamin emulsion, xylitol and the by-product of the xylitol preparation (Table I) were used, and a test series was also carried out in which the basis was pure water. The sugar alcohol amounted to $ 15 as dry matter, based on the total weight of the emulsion.
Tabel VII.Table VII.
Bevægelsen af radioaktivitet i fordøjelseskanalen.The movement of radioactivity in the digestive tract.
Del af fordøjel- Xylitol Radioaktivitet rent vand seskanalen Biprodukt mave 3,40*0,24* 4,64*0,12xx 5,88*0,20 tyndtarm, forreste del 6,50-0,26 6,26^0,24 7,56^1,00 tyktarm,bageste del 2,86±0,08 3,12±0,16 2,62±0,l6 tyktarm og endetarm 2,76^0,02 3,l6±0,12 3,68±0,38 totalt indhold 15,52 17,16 19,74Part of Digestion Xylitol Radioactivity Pure Water Ses Canal By-product Stomach 3.40 * 0.24 * 4.64 * 0.12xx 5.88 * 0.20 Small Intestine, Anterior Part 6.50-0.26 6.26 ^ 0, 24 7.56 ^ 1.00 colon, posterior portion 2.86 ± 0.08 3.12 ± 0.16 2.62 ± 0.16 colon and rectum 2.76 ^ 0.02 3, 1.6 ± 0.12 3.68 ± 0.38 total content 15.52 17.16 19.74
Tabellens værdier er middelværdier - SEM (normal middelafvigelse).The table values are mean values - SEM (normal mean deviation).
Xylitol- og biproduktindholdet i maven afviger statistisk signifikant fra de værdier, der opnåedes med rent vand. Signifikansen af forskellen mellem xylitol og vand er (t-test) P < 0,05, og den tilsvarende værdi for biproduktet er P < 0,01, d.v.s. at forskellen statistisk set er meget signifikant. Værdierne for de andre dele af fordøjelseskanalen afviger ikke signifikant fra de med vand opnåede værdier, d.v.s. at signifikant mindre radioaktivitet fandtes i maven hos forsøgsdyrene, hvis grundlaget for den mærkede vitaminemulsion indeholdt sukkeralkohol, hvilket betyder, at radioaktiviteten er forsvundet enten ved absorption i organismen eller med ekskrementerne.The xylitol and by-product contents of the stomach differ statistically significantly from the values obtained with pure water. The significance of the difference between xylitol and water is (t-test) P <0.05, and the corresponding value for the by-product is P <0.01, i.e. that the difference is statistically very significant. The values for the other parts of the digestive tract do not differ significantly from the values obtained with water, i.e. that significantly less radioactivity was found in the stomach of the test animals if the basis of the labeled vitamin emulsion contained sugar alcohol, which means that the radioactivity has disappeared either by absorption in the organism or with the excrement.
10 DK 152641 BDK 152641 B
Eksempel 5.Example 5
Udskillelse af radioaktivt mærket vitamin A med ekskrementerne.Excretion of radiolabelled vitamin A with the excrements.
I testen fulgtes i overensstemmelse med eksempel 4 overgangen af isotopmærket vitamin A til forsøgsdyrenes ekskrementer. Et vitaminpræparat administreredes i overensstemmelse med eksempel 4 peroral til grupper å fem SPF-mus,og ekskrementprøver blev taget dagligt i 30 dage. Radioaktivitetsresultateme for de samlet opnåede ekskrementprøver er vist i den følgende tabel VIII.In the test, in accordance with Example 4, the transition of isotope labeled vitamin A to the test animals' excrements was followed. A vitamin preparation was administered according to Example 4 orally to groups of five SPF mice, and excrement samples were taken daily for 30 days. The radioactivity results for the overall obtained excrement samples are shown in the following Table VIII.
Tabel VIII.Table VIII.
Radioaktiviteten af ekskrementprøver fra forsøgsdyrene.The radioactivity of excrement samples from the experimental animals.
Tid, dag Xylitol Biprodukt Rent vand . 1. 7,62 8,86 13,20 2. 0,04 0,06 0,12 3. -Time, day Xylitol By-product Pure water. 1. 7.62 8.86 13.20 2. 0.04 0.06 0.12 3. -
Radioaktiviteten af emulsionerne, hvis grundlag indeholdt xylitol og biproduktet fra xylitolfremstillingen, var således forsvundet fra tarmene (absorptionsområdet) hurtigere end den af en på rent vand baseret emulsion, som vist i eksempel 4. Imidlertid kan en tilsvarende forøgelse ikke findes i ekskrementerne, snarere det modsatte, som vist i eksempel 5.Thus, the radioactivity of the emulsions, the basis of which contained xylitol and the by-product of the xylitol preparation, disappeared from the intestines (absorption area) faster than that of a pure water-based emulsion, as shown in Example 4. However, a similar increase cannot be found in the excrements, rather opposite, as shown in Example 5.
I urinen udskiltes mindre end 1% af den administrerede mængde. Der var ingen signifikant statitiske forskelle mellem grupperne.In the urine, less than 1% of the administered amount is excreted. There were no significant static differences between the groups.
Eksempel 6.Example 6
Absorptionen af tritiummærket vitamin A i organismen.The absorption of tritium-labeled vitamin A in the organism.
Ud fra de foregående eksempler kunne det forventes, at radioaktiviteten ville bevæge sig hurtigere ind i blodserumet, leveren og andre indre organer fra de xylitol- og biproduktbaserede opløsninger end fra de vandbaserede opløsninger.From the foregoing examples, it was to be expected that radioactivity would move faster into the blood serum, liver and other internal organs from the xylitol and byproduct based solutions than from the aqueous solutions.
Eor at fastslå dette, administreredes der til SPE-mus peroralt i en enkelt dosis 450 IE vitamin A (tritiummærket) som en vitamin A-, D-, E-opløsning, og radioaktiviteten af blodserumet såvel som af leve-To determine this, SPE mice were administered orally in a single dose of 450 IU vitamin A (tritium labeled) as a vitamin A, D, E solution, and the radioactivity of the blood serum as well as of the liver.
11 DK 152641 B11 DK 152641 B
ren bestemtes som $ af denne dosis, 2 og 6 timer, såvel som 1, 2, 3 og 7 dage efter administration. Resultaterne er vist i tabel IX og på tegningen.pure was determined as $ of this dose, 2 and 6 hours, as well as 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after administration. The results are shown in Table IX and in the drawing.
Tabel IX.Table IX.
Radioaktiviteten af blodserumThe radioactivity of blood serum
Tid Xylitol Biprodukt Rent vand 2 timer 0,38 ±0,02XXX 0,29 -0,01 0,29 ±0,02 6 timer 0,30 ±0,03 0,28 ±0,01 0,26 ±0,01 1 dag 0,16 ±0,01 0,l6<±0,01 0,16 ±0,01 2 dage 0,12 ±0,01 0,l3<±0,01 0,13 ±0,01 3 dage 0,08<±0,01 0,09<±0,01 0,08<±0,01 7 dage 0,06<±0,01 0,05<±0,01 0,07 ±0,01 I tabellen afviger værdien for xylitol efter 2 timer i en statistisk set meget signifikant grad (P < 0,001) fra den tilsvarende værdi for vand. Den tilsvarende værdi for biproduktet viser ikke samme tendens. Med liensyn til de andre værdier kunne der ikke findes signifikante forskelle.Time Xylitol By-product Pure water 2 hours 0.38 ± 0.02XXX 0.29 -0.01 0.29 ± 0.02 6 hours 0.30 ± 0.03 0.28 ± 0.01 0.26 ± 0, 01 1 day 0,16 ± 0.01 0, l6 <± 0.01 0,16 ± 0,01 2 days 0,12 ± 0,01 0, l3 <± 0,01 0,13 ± 0,01 3 days 0.08 <± 0.01 0.09 <± 0.01 0.08 <± 0.01 7 days 0.06 <± 0.01 0.05 <± 0.01 0.07 ± 0.01 In the table, the value of xylitol after 2 hours differs to a statistically significant degree (P <0.001) from the corresponding value for water. The corresponding value for the by-product does not show the same trend. With regard to the other values, no significant differences could be found.
På tegningen er de tilsvarende radioaktive resultater for leveren vist grafisk. Resultaterne er middelværdier - SEM. Resultaterne opnået med xylitol efter 2 og 6 timer afviger i en statistisk set signifikant grad fra resultaterne opnået med rent vand.In the drawing, the corresponding radioactive results for the liver are shown graphically. The results are mean values - SEM. The results obtained with xylitol after 2 and 6 hours differ to a statistically significant extent from the results obtained with pure water.
Mængderne af radioaktivitet,som påvistes i nyrerne, hjernen og hjertet, forblev mindre end ifo. Der var ingen statistisk signifikante forskelle mellem grupperne.The amounts of radioactivity detected in the kidneys, brain and heart remained less than ifo. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups.
Ud fra eksemplerne 4 til 6 kan det konkluderes, at sukkeralkoholer, især xylitol såvel som biproduktet, der dannes ved fremstillingen af xylitol fra plantemateriale, stimulerer absorptionen af vitaminer fra tarmene, såvel som akkumuleringen i organismen og udnyttelsen i denne af disse vitaminer.From Examples 4 to 6, it can be concluded that sugar alcohols, especially xylitol as well as the by-product formed in the preparation of xylitol from plant material, stimulate the absorption of vitamins from the intestine, as well as the accumulation in the organism and its utilization in these vitamins.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI761854A FI53651C (en) | 1976-06-24 | 1976-06-24 | FODERVITAMINLOESNING ELLER -EMULSION |
| FI761854 | 1976-06-24 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK280077A DK280077A (en) | 1977-12-25 |
| DK152641B true DK152641B (en) | 1988-04-05 |
| DK152641C DK152641C (en) | 1988-08-15 |
Family
ID=8510107
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK280077A DK152641C (en) | 1976-06-24 | 1977-06-23 | VITAMINARY FEED SUPPLEMENT |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2619877A (en) |
| CS (1) | CS196370B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD132466A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2727778A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK152641C (en) |
| FI (1) | FI53651C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2355462A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1576528A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE45108B1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7706842A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ184471A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL198875A1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE426903B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU668573A3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4252794A (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-02-24 | Ici Americas Inc. | Gamma-sorbitol polymorph |
| AU561367B2 (en) * | 1983-05-02 | 1987-05-07 | Scherer, R.P. Pty. Ltd. | Vitamin composition with enhanced bioavailability |
| WO1985001639A1 (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1985-04-25 | Bp Nutrition (Uk) Limited | Poultry feedstuff |
| EP0139055B1 (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1987-12-09 | Bp Nutrition Limited | Poultry feedstuff |
| US4797388A (en) * | 1984-05-21 | 1989-01-10 | Cetus Corporation | Pharmaceutical compositions with galactitol as carrier |
| IT1234194B (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1992-05-06 | Magis Farmaceutici | SYRUP PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING PENTITLES AS VEHICULATING AGENTS |
| WO1996036243A1 (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1996-11-21 | Boehringer Ingelheim Agrovet A/S | Glucogenic compound |
| FR2735368B1 (en) * | 1995-06-16 | 1997-08-29 | Therapeutique Moderne Lab | PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING VITAMINS A, D, E AND K IN QUANTITIES USEFUL FOR THE TREATMENT OF MUCOVISCIDOSIS |
| DE19642359A1 (en) | 1996-10-14 | 1998-04-16 | Basf Ag | Stable emulsions and dry powder from mixtures of fat-soluble vitamins, their production and use |
| FI102031B (en) | 1996-11-13 | 1998-10-15 | Rehuraisio Oy | Feed additive composition and its use |
| US7854953B2 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2010-12-21 | Vita Power Limited | Foodstuff supplement and method of producing same |
-
1976
- 1976-06-24 FI FI761854A patent/FI53651C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1977
- 1977-06-03 GB GB23614/77A patent/GB1576528A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-15 PL PL19887577A patent/PL198875A1/en unknown
- 1977-06-17 AU AU26198/77A patent/AU2619877A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-21 NL NL7706842A patent/NL7706842A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-06-21 DE DE19772727778 patent/DE2727778A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-06-21 SE SE7707197A patent/SE426903B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-22 DD DD7700199633A patent/DD132466A1/en unknown
- 1977-06-22 CS CS774130A patent/CS196370B2/en unknown
- 1977-06-23 DK DK280077A patent/DK152641C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-23 SU SU772497356A patent/SU668573A3/en active
- 1977-06-23 FR FR7719283A patent/FR2355462A1/en active Granted
- 1977-06-23 NZ NZ184471A patent/NZ184471A/en unknown
- 1977-06-24 IE IE1301/77A patent/IE45108B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2355462A1 (en) | 1978-01-20 |
| NZ184471A (en) | 1980-08-26 |
| AU2619877A (en) | 1978-12-21 |
| FI53651B (en) | 1978-03-31 |
| SE426903B (en) | 1983-02-21 |
| IE45108B1 (en) | 1982-06-16 |
| NL7706842A (en) | 1977-12-28 |
| FI761854A (en) | 1977-12-25 |
| SE7707197L (en) | 1977-12-25 |
| IE45108L (en) | 1977-12-24 |
| FR2355462B3 (en) | 1980-04-25 |
| DK152641C (en) | 1988-08-15 |
| PL198875A1 (en) | 1978-04-24 |
| DK280077A (en) | 1977-12-25 |
| GB1576528A (en) | 1980-10-08 |
| DD132466A1 (en) | 1978-10-04 |
| DE2727778A1 (en) | 1978-01-05 |
| FI53651C (en) | 1979-05-15 |
| CS196370B2 (en) | 1980-03-31 |
| SU668573A3 (en) | 1979-06-15 |
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