DK151222B - INSULATING MULTI-LAYER PANEL AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF SUCH A PANEL - Google Patents

Description

151222

The invention relates to an insulating multilayer pane of the kind comprising at least two translucent or transparent sheets which are separated from each other by means of an intermediate strip.

In the following, reference should be made to glass panes.

It is known that the intermediate strip in such panes has a dual function: It must close the gap between the glass plates and block the path of vapor and dust from the atmosphere, and it must hold the plates relative to each other at the desired distance.

Such an intermediate strip, which usually consists of plastic material, usually comprises an inner strand of plastic / such as polyisobutylene, and an outer strand of other plastic material / such as elastomer of silicon polysulfide. This outer plastic strand is injected into the space between the inner strand and the edges of the glass panels and, because of its excellent adhesive properties, serves to keep the glass sheets firm and sealed the window. The inner plastic strand serves to form a spacer between the glass sheets to maintain the desired space between the sheets. To absorb moisture from the air gap between the glass sheets, a moisture absorbent such as silica gel, levilite or molecular sieve is introduced into the inner strand.

The intermediate moldings in such insulating multi-layer panes usually consist of heat-meltable and self-adhesive material of the so-called "hot melt" type, with which one is able to achieve a fairly large distance between the glass sheets. However, manufacturing has not been fully automated.

In contrast, extruded strands are particularly well suited for automatic fabrication. Systems or automatic machines for applying the inner strand and the outer layer of plastic material are known from Danish patent applications Nos. 4546/75, 4581/75, 4610/75, from Danish Patent Specification 132 »059 and from French Patent Nos. 2,207,799 and No. 2,111,413.

By an automatic application of a thick string, for example by means of a machine as disclosed in French Patent Specification 2,207,799, the plastic material must have very specific properties, especially with regard to viscosity, in order to be extruded and adhered to the glass.

Plastic strings give good results when the thickness of the air layer between the glass sheets is 5 to 6 mm, but for larger distances there is a risk that the intermediate mold of a given known type deforms and is no longer able to satisfactorily maintain the desired distance and provide the desired seal. In the same way as when talking about the thickness of the air layer, you will in the following talk about the thickness of the middle layer, ie. about the dimension of the mold measured in the direction perpendicular to the glass panels.

The invention is based on the recognition that it is possible to overcome the above-mentioned difficulties with a multilayer pane, which according to the invention is characterized in that the intermediate strip consists of a material mixture containing polyisobutylene and butyl rubber having a weight ratio of polyisobutylene to butyl rubber of between 4 and 8, preferably approx. 6, which material mixture after 8 minutes and at 40 ° C exhibits a Mooney viscosity of more than 115 °.

Such a material blend exhibits good adhesion and allows for quite high height of the intermediate strip between the sheets.

The invention also relates to a method of producing an insulating multilayer pane of the kind in which an intermediate strip is extruded along the periphery of at least one of the panes of the pane, the method of the invention being characterized in that a material mixture containing polyisobutylene is used for and butyl rubber having a weight ratio of polyisobutylene to butyl rubber of between 4 and 8, preferably approx. 6, which material mixture after 8 minutes and at 40 ° C exhibits a viscosity, measured with a Mooney viscosity meter, greater than 115 °, and that said material mixture is applied to the plate in such a way that the axis through the extruder nozzle facing the beginning forms with the plate at an angle between 15 and 45 °, preferably between 25 and 35 °.

This method has been found particularly advantageous in that it allows to extrude intermediate moldings of relatively high height with good adhesiveness, ie. for multilayer panes with a relatively thick spacing of up to 19 mm or more, while the specified angular values in relation to the other properties of the material mixture ensure that the newly extruded intermediate frame does not shift or slide on the plate and maintains its cross-sectional shape.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawing, in which fig. 1 is a sectional view of a portion of a double-pane with a large-thickness middle strip; FIG. 2 is a graph showing the variation of the Mooney viscosity of the intermediate mold material as a function of time and at a temperature of 40 ° C; FIG. Fig. 3 is a graph showing the variation of the Mooney viscosity of the mold material as a function of temperature and after a period of eight minutes; Fig. 4 is a side view, partly in section, of an extruder head and associated nozzle for producing the intermediate mold; 5 is a longitudinal section through the extruder head of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5, and Fig. 7 are a side view of the extruder height adjustment arrangement.

151222 '4

FIG. 1 shows a portion of a double pane consisting of two glass panels 1 and 2, between which is placed an intermediate strip 3, which glass panels are separated from each other by the air space 4. The glass panels 1 and 2 are retained by means of an outer layer 5 of polysulfide.

Double glazing which is to provide good thermal insulation must have an air gap 4 of large thickness, so that the intermediate strip 3, hereafter called "string" must have a thickness e which is large in relation to height h.

In the automatic manufacture mentioned in the above-mentioned patent literature, the string 3 is placed on one of the glass plates, for example the glass plate 1, directly at the exit of the extruder nozzle. Then, the second glass plate 2 is placed on the string 3 and the two plates 1 and 2 are pressed together against the string 3 in order to obtain a hermetic seal. Then, the outer layer 5 is placed in the space between the string 3, the glass plates 1 and 2 and the edges 6 and 7 of the plates as well as over these edges. It will be seen that for the automatic application of the strand 3 to the plate 1, the material of the strand is required to have very definite properties as regards the adhesiveness to the glass and the viscosity.

If the string does not adhere well to the glass, its automatic placement will be impossible since the string will slip on the surface of the glass plate as the glass plate passes past the extruder nozzle. If the string does not hold the required viscosity, due to its thickness, it will deform, sink, or obliquely when the second glass plate is brought into contact with the string so that, after compression, the desired seal is not obtained.

It has been found by experiment that the automatic application of a string with a thickness greater than 4 mm, possibly up to 19 mm or more, is feasible if a material of such composition is used so that after eight minutes and at a temperature of 40 ° C has a Mooney viscosity greater than 115 °, which was performed in accordance with French standard NFT 43005 using a Mooney viscosity meter. Such a material comprises e.g. of a mixture of polyisobutylene and butyl rubber having a weight ratio of polyisobutylene to butyl rubber between 4 and 8. For example, such a material may have the following characteristics: - polyisobutylene 40-70% by weight - butyl rubber 5-17.5% by weight - carbon black 10-40% by weight - levilite 0 -20% by weight - molecular sieve 0-5% by weight

The molecular sieve used as a moisture absorbent is preferably a mixture with adsorption pores of size 4 Å and 10 Å respectively, and having the following composition:

Molecular sieve 4 Å: 0 to 4% by weight relative to the total weight of the strand, molecular sieve 10 Å: 0 to 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the strand.

By conducting a shear test according to the above French standard NFT 43005 on a strand having the following characteristics: - polyisobutylene: 50% by weight - butyl rubber: 10% by weight - carbon black: 17,5% by weight - levilite: 20% by weight - molecular sieve: 2,5% by weight using a Mooney viscosity meter, the ones in FIG. 2 and 3 show the viscosity curves as a function of temperature and time.

It is found that the Mooney viscosity of this material is still above 115 ° after eight minutes at a temperature of 40 ° G.

Such a strand can be automatically applied to the glass plate at a rate of at least 30 cm / s, because the material has an appropriate adhesive strength to the glass and because it, up to thicknesses of at least 19 mm, does not yet deform.

The string is applied to one of the glass sheets in such a way that the axis of the string forms with the desired line an angle oC which is between 15 ° and 45 °, preferably between 25 and 35 °.

FIG. 4 is a side view, partly in section, of the extruder hole and associated mouthpiece illustrating their position relative to the glass plate on which the string is extruded. The extruder head 11 has an extruder nozzle 12, whose axis ZZ ', which coincides with the axis through the string 13, forms with the plane of the glass plate 14 an angle between 15 ° and 45 °. On the same side relative to the extruder head there is a support member 15 on which is placed a pressure cylinder 16 which activates a knife 17 which cuts the string when this string has been applied to the four edges of the glass plate 14. By means of a not shown conveyor, the glass plate is moved under the extruder nozzle 12 in the direction of arrow f.

A mechanism not shown for turning the glass plate serves to place the four edges of the glass plate one after the other under the mouthpiece.

The angle o (can be changed between 15 ° and 45 ° to ensure correct placement and adhesion of the strand to the glass plate depending on various parameters such as temperature, glass surface condition, glass plate speed, etc.).

This adjustment is made by means of the apparatus which allows the extruder head 11 to be rotated relative to a longitudinal axis.

In FIG. 5 it can be seen that the extruder head 11 and extruder 18 are each formed with a flange, 19 and 20, respectively, with tapered side face. In the interior of the extruder head 11 and extruder 18 is the auger 21 forcing the plastic material out through the extruder duct 22, at whose outlet the extruder nozzle 12 not shown in FIG. 5. The extruder head 11 and extruder 18 are held together by a ring 23.

FIG. 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5. It shows that the ring 23 consists of two halves 24 and 25, each comprising a shaft, 26 and 27, respectively, which two shafts are connected to each other by means of a rod 28. A bolt 29 allows for the clamping of the ring two halves against each other. As shown in FIG. 5, the two halves of the ring have an inner profile with tapered side faces corresponding to the side faces of the flanges 19 and 20.

It will be seen that by loosening the bolt 29 it is possible to adjust the position of the extruder head 11 and thus also to adjust the angle o (and that by tightening the bolt 29 the head is fixed in a given position while at the same time achieving a close closure between the extruder head 11 and the extruder 18.

Changing the angle ot changes the distance between the glass plate

Claims (6)

7 and the output of the extruder nozzle 12. In order to obtain the best working conditions, it is appropriate to be able to change this distance to the desired value. This can be done by means of the device shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 7 shows that the entire extrusion machine 30 is arranged on a platform 31 arranged through a profile 33 to tilt about a shaft 32. The shaft 32 is supported by a fixed frame 32 '. An engine 34 operates the extrusion machine comprising the extruder 18 and the extruder head 11 having at one end the extruder nozzle 12. The arrangement designated 35 is a conveyor which serves to transport the glass plate past the extruder nozzle and to rotate the glass plate 90 °. each time the string has been applied to one edge of the glass plate. This arrangement is known per se in the glass industry, so it is not described in more detail. In the left part (relative to the drawing) of the chassis 36 of the conveyor 35 there is a screw rod 37 with a height adjustable stop 38 which can be blocked by two nuts 39 and 40. This stop 38 forms a corresponding stop 41 which is firmly connected to the extrusion machine 30 when the platform 31, under the influence of a compression spring 42, tilts in the direction indicated by the arrow g. To adjust the distance between the extruder nozzle 12 and the glass plate 14 on the conveyor 35, simply loosen and tighten the nuts 39 and 40 to set the stop 38 in height. An insulating multilayer pane of a kind comprising at least two translucent or transparent plates separated along one another by means of a middle strip, characterized in that the intermediate strip consists of a material mixture containing polyisobutylene and butyl rubber having a weight ratio of polyisobutylene and butyl rubber of between 4 and 8, preferably approx. 6, which material mixture after 8 minutes and at 40 ° C exhibits a Mooney viscosity of more than 115 °. Pane according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate blend material composition has the following nature: 8 151222 - polyisobutylene 40-70% by weight - butyl rubber 5-17.5% by weight - carbon black 10-40% by weight - levilite 0-20% by weight - molecular sieve 0-5 w A window according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate blend material composition has the following characteristics: - polyisobutylene 50% by weight - butyl rubber 10% by weight - carbon black 17.5% by weight - levilite 20% by weight - molecular sieve 2.5% by weight A window according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the molecular sieve consists of a mixture of two molecular sieve, one of which has adsorption pores of the size of approx. 4 Å, while the other has adsorption pores of size 10 Å, in the following composition: - molecular sieve 4 Å 0 to 4% relative to the total weight of the intermediate list - molecular sieve 10 Å 0 to 1% relative to the total weight of the intermediate list. A window according to one or more of claims 1-4, characterized in that the intermediate strip has a thickness of at least 4 mm and preferably greater than 12 mm. A method of producing an insulating multilayer probe according to one or more of the preceding claims and of the kind in which an intermediate strip is extruded along the periphery of at least one of the panes of the pane, characterized in that a material mixture is used to extrude the intermediate strip. containing polyisobutylene and butyl rubber having a weight ratio of polyisobutylene to butyl rubber of between 4 and 8, preferably approx. 6, which material mixture after 8 minutes and at 40 ° C exhibits a viscosity, measured with a Mooney viscosity meter, greater than 115 °, and that said material mixture is applied to the plate in such a way that the axis through the extruder nozzle facing the beginning forms with the plate at an angle between 15 and 45 ° C, preferably between 25 and 35 °.