DK149305B - METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING LIQUIDS FROM THE HETEROGENIC LIQUID MASS STRUCTURES, e.g. BY DRAINAGE OR THICKENING METHODS FOR COMMUNAL OR INDUSTRIAL SLUDGE - Google Patents
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING LIQUIDS FROM THE HETEROGENIC LIQUID MASS STRUCTURES, e.g. BY DRAINAGE OR THICKENING METHODS FOR COMMUNAL OR INDUSTRIAL SLUDGE Download PDFInfo
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- DK149305B DK149305B DK145681A DK145681A DK149305B DK 149305 B DK149305 B DK 149305B DK 145681 A DK145681 A DK 145681A DK 145681 A DK145681 A DK 145681A DK 149305 B DK149305 B DK 149305B
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- pressure
- sludge
- container
- filtrate
- drainage
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008241 heterogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021395 porridge Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/128—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using batch processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
- B01D29/05—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/60—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
- B01D29/606—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration by pressure measuring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/96—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor in which the filtering elements are moved between filtering operations; Particular measures for removing or replacing the filtering elements; Transport systems for filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/10—Filtration under gravity in large open drainage basins
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
149305149305
Opfindelsen vedrører en fremgangsmåde og et apparat til separation af væsker fra heterogene væskefaststof strukturer, f.eks. ved afvandings- eller tykningsmetoder for kommunalt eller industrielt slam, navn-5 lig tyndslam, ved hvilken slam pumpes ind i en beholder under et lavt tryk og derefter under et relativt højere tryk, idet filtrat bortledes fra beholdertrykrummet eller en slamkage inden i beholderen.The invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating liquids from heterogeneous liquid-solid structures, e.g. by means of dewatering or thickening methods for municipal or industrial sludge, particularly thin sludge, in which sludge is pumped into a container under a low pressure and then under a relatively higher pressure, with filtrate being discharged from the container pressure chamber or a sludge cake within the container.
Sådant slam forekommer i ledningssystemer i 10 kommuner og byer såvel som i forskellige industrivirksomheder i årevis i stadig stigende mængde. Før sådant slam transporteres på økonomisk måde til aflæsningssteder eller overhovedet udsættes for et efterbehandlingstrin for at give slammet en konsistens, der gør 15 det egnet til aflæsning, bliver slammet mere eller mindre afvandet.Such sludge occurs in piping systems in 10 municipalities and cities as well as in various industrial enterprises for years in ever-increasing quantities. Before such sludge is economically transported to unloading sites or at all subjected to a finishing step to give the sludge a consistency that makes it suitable for unloading, the sludge is more or less dewatered.
Kendte fremgangsmåder eller apparater har forskellige ulemper, idet de f.eks. kun tillader indføring i tilløbet af slammængder på maksimalt ca.Known methods or apparatus have various disadvantages, e.g. only allows introduction into the sludge flow of maximum approx.
20 10 m /h i en åben beholder. I praksis opnås der i reglen endnu mindre indløbsmængder, da slammet på kort tid lukker porerne eller filtersiåbningerne og i vidt omfang hindrer bortledning af en væske, for det andet tillades der kun en påfyldningsstørrelse, der i vidt omfang påvir-25 kes af en tilbagestødsvirkning i afhængighed af beholderens højde.20 10 m / h in an open container. In practice, even smaller inlet volumes are usually obtained since the sludge closes the pores or filter openings in a short time and largely prevents the discharge of a liquid, secondly only a filling size which is largely affected by a reflux effect in the dependence on the height of the container.
Der kan således i praksis kun anvendes beholdere til afvanding på indtil ca. 2,0 m højde og 4,0 m øvre kantlængde - bredden begrænses af bunddimensionerne 30 på en lastvogn. Stort set kan der indføres tyndslammæng- 3 3 der på indtil 40 m i løbet af 5-7 timer i en 12 m afvandingsbeholder, og dette slam kan afvandes til begyndende fasthed efter ca, 12 timer. Konsistensen er her stadig i lighed med gel til en tyk grød. Tyngdekraften 35 indtil 2 m påfyldningshøjde giver i bundhøjde en sådan fortykkelse, at de efter 12-20 timer endnu minimale bortdrypninger næppe nok har nogen indflydelse på den samlede afvandingsydelse, navnlig på slamkagens fasthed.Thus, in practice, only containers for dewatering of up to approx. 2.0 m height and 4.0 m upper edge length - the width is limited by the bottom dimensions 30 of a truck. In general, thin slurry quantities of up to 40 m can be introduced over a period of 5-7 hours in a 12 m drainage tank, and this sludge can be dewatered to initial strength after about 12 hours. The texture here is still similar to gel for a thick porridge. The gravity 35 to 2 m of filling height at the bottom height gives such a thickening that after 12-20 hours still minimal drainage is unlikely to have any effect on the overall drainage performance, especially on the strength of the mud cake.
2 1493052 149305
Fra schweizisk patentskrift nr. 379.417 kendes der en fremgangsmåde og et apparat til separering af biologiske eller aerobisk slam i en væske (filtratet) og faste slambestanddele, hvor der arbejdes med en lukket 5 beholder med overtryk. Her skal der over et slamkoncentrat danne sig et mellemlag, over hvilket filtratet sam les. Derefter suges filtratet lodret opad, og slamkoncentratet suges nedad. Tyngdekraften indvirker således imod filtratets udsugningsretning og understøtter ikke 10 denne. Overtrykket virker først og fremmest til dannelse af mellemlaget, så at overtrykket ikke hele tiden virker på en blanding af filtrat og slam. Der anvendes ikke sier.Swiss patent specification 379,417 discloses a method and apparatus for separating biological or aerobic sludge in a liquid (the filtrate) and solid sludge components which operate with a closed 5 overpressure container. Here, an intermediate layer must form over a sludge concentrate, over which the filtrate is collected. Then the filtrate is sucked up vertically and the sludge concentrate is sucked down. Thus, gravity acts against the suction direction of the filtrate and does not support it. The overpressure primarily acts to form the intermediate layer, so that the overpressure does not always act on a mixture of filtrate and sludge. No sieve is used.
Fra tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr.From German publication no.
15 2 217 558 kendes der en filtreringsmetode, hvor slammet, der samler sig på filterflader, udover tyngdekraften udsættes for et gastryk. Trykfordelingen er ikke nærmere angivet, men skal være en stadig stigende tryktilstand.A filtration method is known in which the sludge which accumulates on filter surfaces, besides gravity, is subjected to a gas pressure. The pressure distribution is not specified, but must be an ever increasing pressure state.
Der kan også arbejdes med undertryk. Apparatet ifølge 20 dette skrift er af kompliceret konstruktion og beregnet til stationært brug. Apparatet omfatter en omrører eller en snegleagtig slamkompensator. Denne fremgangsmåde er ikke egnet til brug til tyndslam eller biologisk slam.Suppression can also be used. The apparatus of this specification is of complex construction and intended for stationary use. The apparatus comprises an agitator or a snail-like sludge compensator. This process is not suitable for use in thin sludge or biological sludge.
25 Ved en filtreringsmetode i henhold til tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 2 750 028 anvendes der en kammerfilterpresse til udpresning af slam. Her arbejdes der, i reglen med en øverste og en nederste grænsetryk-værdi. Den øverste trykværdi tjener til at opnå et så 30 højt faststofindhold som muligt i en udpresset slamkage.25 In a filtration method according to German publication no. 2 750 028, a chamber filter press is used to extrude sludge. Here we usually work with an upper and a lower limit value. The upper pressure value serves to obtain as high a solids content as possible in an extruded mud cake.
Disse grænsetrykværdier opnås ikke direkte, men gennem startpressefaser. Til disse slutter sig et antal presseperioder, ved hvilke der samtidig tilføres slam til kamrene. Herved forøges trykket trinvis, og kammertryk-35 ket sænkes ved overgang fra den ene pressefase til den anden.These boundary pressure values are not obtained directly, but through starting press phases. These include a number of press periods, at which time sludge is added to the chambers. This increases the pressure incrementally and the chamber pressure is lowered as it passes from one pressing phase to another.
Det drejer sig her om en stationær maskine 3 149305 med et antal efter hinanden anbragte pressekamre mellem et faststående pressebord og et bevægeligt, stempelag-tigt pressestempel. En indvirkning fra tyngdekraften er her helt ubetydelig. Der arbejdes med særdeles høje 5 tryk på mindst 12 bar.This is a stationary machine 3 149305 with a plurality of consecutive press chambers between a fixed press table and a movable, piston-like press piston. An impact from gravity is quite insignificant here. Work with extremely high 5 pressures of at least 12 bar.
Ved en fra tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr.By a German publication no.
1 461 443 kendt filtreringsmetode anvendes der filterpresser, hvor der i ledningen mellem pumpe og presse opbygges et overtryk. Filterpresser, navnlig kammerfil-10 terpresser og/eller skruekompressorer er tunge maskiner, der ikke er egnet til indbygning i transportable beholdere og køretøjer. Endvidere kan der ikke anvendes slampumper eller filterpresser, der arbejder under højtryk til behandling af biologisk tyndslam, eftersom 15 sådant slam kun må bearbejdes med relativt lavt tryk, da det har en skrøbelig struktur og ved biologisk slam overvejehde består af bakterier, der allerede ved omrøring, for slet ikke at tale om højtryk, brister, så at udfældningsvolumenet forøges på uheldig måde. Volumen-20 forøgelsen kan beløbe sig til 50-60% på få minutter.1 461 443 known filtering method, filter presses are used, where an overpressure is built up in the line between pump and press. Filter presses, in particular chamber filter presses and / or screw compressors, are heavy machinery not suitable for incorporation in portable containers and vehicles. Furthermore, no sludge pumps or filter presses operating under high pressure can be used to treat biological thin sludge, since such sludge may only be processed at relatively low pressure, since it has a fragile structure and, in biological sludge, mainly consists of bacteria which are already stirred , not to mention high pressure, bursts, so that the volume of precipitation improperly increases. The volume-20 increase can amount to 50-60% in minutes.
Denne metode egner sig således ikke ti 1; tyndslam.This method is thus not suitable for ti 1; thin sludge.
Med opfindelsen tilsigtes der tilvejebragt en væsentlig forøgelse af afvandingsydelsen pr. tidsenhed ved anvendelse af enkle og billige afvandingsbe-25 holdere, navnlig i forbindelse med transportable eller flyttelige beholdere. Dette opnås ved opfindelsen ved hjælp af de i krav 1 anførte kendetegn.The invention aims to provide a substantial increase in the drainage performance per year. unit of time using simple and inexpensive drainage containers, in particular in the case of transportable or removable containers. This is achieved by the invention by the features of claim 1.
Fordelene ved opfindelsen består i, at heterogene væske-massestrukturer, navnlig tyndslam, nu hur-30 tigere end tideligere kan affugtes og afvandes, alt efter slammets art, ligesom der i enkelttilfælde kan gennemføres en fortørring. Opfindelsen er navnlig anvendelig ved beholdere, der kan transporteres med en lastvogn, idet den apparatmæssige tilpasning af be-35 holderen er billig. En yderligere fordel består i, at der nu for første gang kan anvendes store containere som afvandingsbeholdere, også sådanne beholdere, der 4 149305 er indrettet til at transporteres med skibe, idet der på grund af den forøgede filtratfjernelse opnås den for storcontainere nødvendige Økonomi. Storcontainere kan også anvendes i en gliderammekonstruktion og/eller 5 som påhængsvogne til sadéLslæbekøretøjer, alt efter den i hvert enkelt tilfælde mest fordelagtige transportform. Der kan også anvendes runde beholdere med en til alle sider lukket konstruktion.The advantages of the invention are that heterogeneous liquid mass structures, especially thin mud, can now be dehumidified and dewatered more quickly than previously, depending on the nature of the sludge, and in individual cases a drying can be carried out. The invention is particularly applicable to containers which can be transported by a truck, the apparatus fitting of the container being inexpensive. A further advantage consists in the fact that for the first time large containers can be used as drainage containers, including such containers that are designed to be transported by ships, because of the increased filtrate removal the economy required for large containers is obtained. Large containers can also be used in a sliding frame structure and / or 5 as trailers for saddle trailer vehicles, depending on the most advantageous mode of transport in each case. Round containers can also be used with a construction closed to all sides.
Opfindelsen forklares nærmere i det følgende 10 i forbindelse med en enkelt udførelsesform, og med henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser en beholder med en skematisk vist tilgangsstuds og en studs for filtratafgang, fig. 2 et snit efter linien A-A i fig. 1, 15 fig. 3 apparatet i fig. 1 set ovenfra, idet den øverste væg er fjernet, fig. 4 en gengivelse i større skala af et hjørneområde af beholderen, markeret med B i fig. 3, og fig. 5 et tryk-tidsdiagram for en udførelses-20 form for trykfordelingen i beholderen under driften.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a single embodiment and with reference to the drawing, in which fig. 1 shows a container with a schematically shown access nozzle and a filtrate outlet nozzle; FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows the apparatus of FIG. 1, the top wall being removed; FIG. 4 is a larger scale view of a corner area of the container, marked with B in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 shows a pressure-time diagram for an embodiment of the pressure distribution in the container during operation.
En af stålplade bestående beholder 10 af firkantet form, sammenlign fig. 1, har på den ene side, fortrinsvis en endeside, et armatur, f.eks. en gevindstuds 11, der er fast indsat i en øvre åbning af be-25 holderen 10, f.eks. skruet fast. Armaturet har en flange 12 til tilslutning af en ikke vist slange.One of steel plate 10 of square shape, compare fig. 1, on one side, preferably an end side, has a luminaire, e.g. a threaded stud 11 firmly inserted into an upper opening of the container 10, e.g. screwed in. The luminaire has a flange 12 for connecting a hose not shown.
Armaturet 11 kan være tætnet mod beholderåbningen ved hjælp af en eller flere tætningsringe af polyte-trafluorethylen eller kautsjuk. På flangen 12 til-30 sluttes der et tilslutningselement, f.eks. ligeledes en flange på slangen, der transporterer slammet til beholderen 10 ved hjælp af en pumpe. Den ikke viste pumpe er en excentersnekkepumpe, en membranpumpe eller en trykslangepumpe, hvor sidstnævnte er forsynet med 35 konstruktionselementer, der intermitterende indgriber med klemmevirkning på en slangevæg, hvilke konstruk- 5 149305 tionselementer f.eks. kan være roterende ruller. Beholderen 10 har i området ved bunden 13 en eller flere armaturer 14 og 15 til afgang for filtratet. Afgangsarmaturene er i deres simpleste konstruktion ud-5 formet som kegle- eller skyderventiler. Mellem beholdervæggen og armaturets hals kan der være mindst én eftergivende O-ringtætning af kautsjuk eller lignende. Den som trykbeholder udformede beholder 10 Ion have et dæksel.The luminaire 11 may be sealed to the container opening by means of one or more sealing rings of polythetrafluoroethylene or rubber. On the flange 12, a connecting element is connected, e.g. likewise a flange on the hose which carries the sludge to the container 10 by means of a pump. The pump not shown is an eccentric worm pump, a diaphragm pump or a pressure hose pump, the latter being provided with 35 structural elements intermittently engaging with clamping action on a hose wall, which construction elements e.g. can be rotating rollers. The container 10 has one or more luminaires 14 and 15 in the area at the bottom 13 for discharge of the filtrate. The discharge fittings are designed in their simplest construction as cone or sliding valves. Between the container wall and the neck of the fitting there may be at least one resilient O-ring seal of rubber or the like. The container 10 designed as a pressure vessel 10 has a cover.
10 Mellem den øverste endekant af sidevæggene 17 og 18 og indersiden af dækslet kan der være indsat en rundtgående profiltætning af kautsjuk - eller ved mere aggressivt slam af polytetrafluorethylen - hvilken tætning er indsat tætnende i randområdet. Beholde-15 ren er fortrinsvis på bunden 13 forsynet med skinner 20, der kan være stålprofildele. Disse tjener som gli-dekonstruktionsdele, så at beholderen 10 kan skydes glidende ind på en bærende bund 21 i en lastvogn, et sadeltrækkøretøj eller en transportpram eller -skib.10 Between the upper end edge of the sidewalls 17 and 18 and the inside of the cover may be inserted a circular profile seal of rubber - or by more aggressive polytetrafluoroethylene sludge - which seal is sealingly inserted into the rim area. The container 15 is preferably provided on the bottom 13 with rails 20 which may be steel profile parts. These serve as sliding design parts so that the container 10 can be slidably slid onto a supporting base 21 of a truck, saddle-wagon or transport barge or ship.
20 I stedet for skinnerne 20 kan der alt efter det enkelte tilfælde anvendes ækvivalente konstruktionsdele, såsom ruller eller valser, der formindsker friktionen.20 Instead of the rails 20, according to the individual case, equivalent structural parts such as rollers or rollers which reduce the friction may be used.
Det i og for sig kendte transportkøretøj er ikke vist.The transport vehicle known per se is not shown.
Såfremt beholderen 10 bygges med en aftage-25 lig væg, navnlig dækslet, er der i området'ved kanterne eller hjørnerne, sammenlign fig. 2, mellem dækslet og endevæggene og/eller sidevæggene 17 og 18 mekaniske, manuelt aktiverbare låse 32, f.eks. spændelåse, hagelåse, hængsellåse. Her indgriber f.eks.If the container 10 is built with a removable wall, in particular the cover, there is in the area at the edges or corners, compare fig. 2, between the cover and the end walls and / or the side walls 17 and 18, mechanical, manually actuated locks 32, e.g. clasp locks, garden locks, padlocks. Here, for example,
30 et øje på en vægtstang, der er fastgjort på sidevæggen 17 eller 18, i en åbning eller en krog på dækslet.30 shows an eye on a bar attached to the side wall 17 or 18 in an opening or hook on the cover.
Tykkelsen og/eller anbringelsen af beholdervæggene er i en udføreIsesform for opfindelsen konstrueret således, at de ved det højeste tryk, der kan forventes i 35 beholderen, der kan ligge på 4500 kPa ud over den fra en Wohler-kurve kendt sikkerhedskoefficient for varig- 6 149305 hedsbelastning af et metal, ligger fuldstændig uden for fare for revner. Endvidere kan der være forstærkende segmenter, såsom ribber eller flige, der er ført eller fastgjort over henholdsvis dækslet eller bun- 5 den 13 såvel som over sidevæggene, f.eks. ribberne 22 i fig. 3. Sådanne støtteelementer kan udnytte hele væghøjden. Fortrinsvis danner sådanne støtteelementer på de langsgående indersider af væggene i beholderen samtidig afstandsholdeorganer, der udgør en bærekon-<j g struktion af tilstrækkeligt stærkt dimensioneret hulplade og/eller et stift, kraftigt trådgitterunderlag.The thickness and / or arrangement of the container walls is constructed in an embodiment of the invention such that at the highest pressure to be expected in the container, which may be 4500 kPa in addition to the safety coefficient known from a Wohler curve, 149305 heat stress of a metal, is completely without the risk of cracking. Further, there may be reinforcing segments, such as ribs or tabs, which are guided or secured over the cover or bottom 13, as well as over the side walls, e.g. the ribs 22 of FIG. 3. Such support elements can utilize the entire wall height. Preferably, such support members on the longitudinal inside of the walls of the container simultaneously form spacers which constitute a support structure of sufficiently dimensioned hollow plate and / or a rigid, strong wire grid support.
Dette er vist i fig. 4. Her er vist det egentlige filterelement 23 (en væg af vævet materiale eller et polymergitter). Filterelementet 23 kan ved sin øver--j 5 ste ende være udformet fremstående og kan være udformet med anlæg mod væggen og med en tætning mod eventuelt opsprøjtende slam og/eller andre væsker, der indeholder faste stoffer, og som skal afvandes. Dette element 23 kan også være indrettet 20 således, at det ligger an mod en afstivende vinkelkonstruktion .This is shown in FIG. 4. Here is shown the actual filter element 23 (a wall of woven material or polymer grating). The filter element 23 may be formed at its upper end and may be formed with abutment against the wall and with a seal against any spraying sludge and / or other liquids containing solids and which are to be dewatered. This element 23 may also be arranged 20 so as to abut a stiffening angular structure.
Ifølge opfindelsen er filterelementet 23 fortrinsvis i sin fulde længde og indtil den øverste om-bøjede kant også i højden dækket af et groft beskyt-25 telsesnet. I fig. 4 er beskyttelsesnettet 24 vist skematisk. Under filterelementet 23 befinder der sig en bærekonstruktion for dette i form af en hulplade eller et groft gitter 25. Mellem bunden 13 og det grove gitter 25 er der holdeelementer 26, der 30 tjener som afstandsholder for filterelementet 23.According to the invention, the filter element 23 is preferably at its full length and up to the upper curved edge also covered in height by a coarse protective mesh. In FIG. 4, the protective net 24 is shown schematically. Below the filter element 23 there is a supporting structure for this in the form of a hollow plate or a coarse grid 25. Between the base 13 and the coarse grid 25 there are holding elements 26 which serve as spacers for the filter element 23.
Disse holdeelementer 26 er ifølge opfindelsen samtidig beregnet som støtte- og afstivningselementer for beholdervæggene.These holding elements 26 according to the invention are simultaneously intended as support and stiffening elements for the container walls.
Anbringelsen af filterelementet 23, beskyttel-35 sesnettet 24 og det grove net 25 strækker sig, som kun antydet, yderligere langs indersiden af sidevæggene 17 og 18 og de andre vægge. Filterelementet kan 7 149305 ud over et filter af vævet materiale også være en finsi.The placement of the filter element 23, the protective mesh 24 and the coarse mesh 25 extends, as only indicated, further along the inside of the side walls 17 and 18 and the other walls. In addition to a woven material filter, the filter element may also be a fin.
Udtømningen af filtratet gennem udløbsstudsen 14 eller 15 sker ved hjælp af en af et manometer 27 styret udløbsventil 28. Manometeret 27 kan væ-5 re indstillet til et overtryk på 0,3-1,2 bar eller højere, alt efter udformningen af beholderen som trykbeholder. Manometeret 27 kan også gennem en ikke vist styre- eller reguleringsledning stå i forbindel- i se med den til armaturet 11 sluttede pumpe, der trans-10 porterer slammet til beholderen. I tryk-tidsdiagrammet i fig. 5 er der vist en udførelsesform ifølge opfindelsen for fyldningen af beholderen 10 med slammet, der skal filtreres. Dette diagram viser den intermitterende udførelsesform. Efter den efterhånden stedfundne, her 15 lineære trykstigning i kurvegrenen a, sker der på tidspunktet ti en åbning af ventilen 28, filtratet bliver her udtømt og herved opstår der et trykfald ifølge grenen b. Dette foiLøb gentager sig derefter for den følgende driftstid. Den i fig. 1 antydede slamkage 29, 20 der senere føres ud gennem en klap 30 eller lignende, der kan lukkes, afgiver således i hver arbejdscyklus a-tl-b et filtrat, samtidig med at kagen, der skal afvandes, forøges i lodret retning.The filtrate is discharged through the outlet nozzle 14 or 15 by means of an outlet valve 28 controlled by a pressure gauge 27. The pressure gauge 27 can be adjusted to an overpressure of 0.3-1.2 bar or higher, depending on the design of the container as pressure vessel. The manometer 27 can also be connected to the pump connected to the fixture 11, which does not transport the sludge to the container, through a control or control line not shown. In the pressure-time diagram of FIG. 5, an embodiment according to the invention is shown for filling the container 10 with the sludge to be filtered. This diagram shows the intermittent embodiment. Following the gradually occurring linear pressure rise in the curve branch a, at time ten an opening of the valve 28 occurs, the filtrate is emptied here and a pressure drop according to branch b occurs. This sequence then repeats for the following operating time. The FIG. 1, sludge cake 29, 20, which is later passed out through a closable flap 30 or the like, thus releases a filtrate in each working cycle a-tl-b, while increasing the cake to be dewatered in the vertical direction.
Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen muliggør at 25 forøge effektiviteten af afvandingen i afhængighed af slammets art, konstruktionen af beholderen, den ønskede fasthed eller en anden driftsegenskab ved slamkagen og/eller filtratet. Dette kan opnås ved kvadratisk stigende, ikke vist trykkurveværdier. I grenen 30 indtil punktet ti sker der først en ringe trykstigning, hvorefter der sker en væsentlig stejlere trykstigning, stort set efter formlen b = f (t2). Det indses, at der ved den lineære trykstigning i beholderen, kurven c, kan opnås en forøget indvirkning på ka-35 gen og/eller filtratgennemløbet. Dette kan også gennem-The process according to the invention allows to increase the efficiency of the dewatering depending on the nature of the sludge, the construction of the container, the desired strength or other operating characteristic of the sludge cake and / or the filtrate. This can be achieved by increasing squares, not shown pressure curves. In the branch 30 up to point ten, there is a slight increase in pressure, after which there is a substantially steeper increase in pressure, largely according to the formula b = f (t2). It will be appreciated that by the linear pressure rise in the container, curve c, an increased effect can be obtained on the cake and / or filtrate flow. This can also be
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP81100792A EP0057732B1 (en) | 1981-02-05 | 1981-02-05 | Method and apparatus for the separation of liquids from heterogeneous liquid-solid material mixtures, e.g. methods for the dehydration or thickening of communal or industrial sludges |
| EP81100792 | 1981-02-05 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK145681A DK145681A (en) | 1982-08-06 |
| DK149305B true DK149305B (en) | 1986-04-28 |
| DK149305C DK149305C (en) | 1986-09-08 |
Family
ID=8187560
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK145681A DK149305C (en) | 1981-02-05 | 1981-03-31 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING LIQUIDS FROM THE HETEROGENIC LIQUID MASS STRUCTURES, e.g. BY DRAINAGE OR THICKENING METHODS FOR COMMUNAL OR INDUSTRIAL SLUDGE |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0057732B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE8769T1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE894798A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3165144D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK149305C (en) |
| FI (1) | FI73955C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO155436C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT384010B (en) * | 1984-05-28 | 1987-09-25 | Voest Alpine Ag | METHOD FOR DRAINING SLUDGE AND / OR ORGANIC SUBSTANCES |
| FR2696954A1 (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-04-22 | Inst Textile De France | Sludge sepn. skip with internal gravity filtration sheet - has pressure reduction in liq. compartment with circulation of liq. back to upper sludge compartment |
| US8476794B2 (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2013-07-02 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Wheel motor with rotating outer rotor |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB934487A (en) * | 1959-08-21 | 1963-08-21 | Griffin Rhodesia Pvt Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the separation of the liquid and solid constituents of sludges |
| DE1461443C3 (en) * | 1963-10-21 | 1973-09-13 | Passavant-Werke Michelbacher Huette, 6209 Aarbergen | Process for filtering, in particular for dewatering sewage sludge |
| DE2217558A1 (en) * | 1972-04-12 | 1973-10-18 | Nemetz & Ruess Klaeranlagen | Digested sludge filter cone - with thickening action by revolving inner cone with helical turns |
| DE2750028A1 (en) * | 1977-11-09 | 1979-05-10 | Rolf Flach | METHOD FOR EXPRESSION OF CLAIMS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
-
1981
- 1981-02-05 AT AT81100792T patent/ATE8769T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-02-05 EP EP81100792A patent/EP0057732B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-02-05 DE DE8181100792T patent/DE3165144D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-03-31 DK DK145681A patent/DK149305C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-10-30 FI FI813416A patent/FI73955C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-12-16 NO NO814313A patent/NO155436C/en unknown
-
1982
- 1982-10-25 BE BE0/209321A patent/BE894798A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI73955B (en) | 1987-08-31 |
| ATE8769T1 (en) | 1984-08-15 |
| DK149305C (en) | 1986-09-08 |
| NO155436C (en) | 1987-04-01 |
| BE894798A (en) | 1983-04-25 |
| EP0057732A1 (en) | 1982-08-18 |
| DE3165144D1 (en) | 1984-09-06 |
| FI813416L (en) | 1982-08-06 |
| NO155436B (en) | 1986-12-22 |
| EP0057732B1 (en) | 1984-08-01 |
| FI73955C (en) | 1987-12-10 |
| NO814313L (en) | 1982-08-06 |
| DK145681A (en) | 1982-08-06 |
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| PBP | Patent lapsed | ||
| PBP | Patent lapsed |