DK149286B - LINES, HYDROPHIL POLYURETHAN, ISAES FOR USE IN DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS AND USE OF POLYURETHANE AS A DETAILING AGENT, ANTI-DISPENSIVE AND ANTISTATIC AGENT - Google Patents
LINES, HYDROPHIL POLYURETHAN, ISAES FOR USE IN DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS AND USE OF POLYURETHANE AS A DETAILING AGENT, ANTI-DISPENSIVE AND ANTISTATIC AGENT Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3726—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
- C08G18/0828—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing sulfonate groups or groups forming them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4205—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0036—Soil deposition preventing compositions; Antiredeposition agents
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
149286149286
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en lineær, hydrofil polyure-than, især til anvendelse i detergentsammensætninger og fremstillet ved reaktion mellem en lineær hydroxylgruppeholdig polyester og en præpolymer med endestillede isocyanatgrupper, fremstillet ved omsætning af et overskud af mindst ét diisocyanat og en polyalkylenglycol.The present invention relates to a linear, hydrophilic polyurethane, especially for use in detergent compositions and prepared by reaction between a linear hydroxyl group-containing polyester and a prepolymer with terminated isocyanate groups, prepared by reacting an excess of at least one diisocyanate and a polyalkylene glycol.
Opfindelsen angår også polyurethanens anvendelse som genaf-sætningsmodvirkende, smudsafvisende og antistatisk middel og til iblanding i vaskemiddelsammensætninger, der anvendes til vask af tekstilvarer, især sådanne, som indeholder poiyesterfibre.The invention also relates to the use of polyurethane as a repellent, antifouling and antistatic agent and to admixture in detergent compositions used for washing textile products, especially those containing polyester fibers.
I beskrivelsen til fransk patent nr. 1.499.508 er der beskrevet polyestere indeholdende syregrupper eller hydrofile, polymere grupper, som er i stand til at undergå en solvatisering med vand, og hvis anvendelse som genafsætningsmodvirkende middel er særligt effektiv. I patentskriftet beskrives navnlig polyestere, som fremkommer ved phthalsyrens polykondensation med en let glycol og en poly-oxyalkylenglycol. Der fremkommer herved et polyestermolekyle, som indeholder hydrofobe rester, der udgøres af phtalsyre-let-glycol-kæ-deforbindelser, og hydrofile rester, som hidrører fra polyoxyalkylen-glycol-grupperne. Bindingen mellem disse rester er sikret via dannelsen af en esterfunktion ud fra en syrefunktion og en alkoholfunktion, idet reaktionen finder sted ved en temperatur på over 200°C.In the disclosure of French Patent No. 1,499,508, polyesters containing acid groups or hydrophilic polymeric groups are described which are capable of undergoing solvation with water and whose use as a re-counteracting agent is particularly effective. In particular, the patent discloses polyesters which result from the polycondensation of the phthalic acid with a light glycol and a polyoxyalkylene glycol. There is thus obtained a polyester molecule containing hydrophobic residues constituted by phthalic acid-light glycol chain compounds and hydrophilic residues derived from the polyoxyalkylene-glycol groups. The bond between these residues is ensured via the formation of an ester function from an acid function and an alcohol function, the reaction taking place at a temperature above 200 ° C.
De således opnåede produkter har en viskositetsbrøk på η/η0 mellem 1,1 og 1,5.The products thus obtained have a viscosity fraction of η / η0 between 1.1 and 1.5.
De omhandlede kendte estere er imidlertid ikke videre resistente overfor alkalisk hydrolyse, og de er som følge heraf ikke særligt lagerstabile, når de iblandes detergentsammensætninger, eller nedbrydningsstabile under vasken i vaskevandet.However, the prior art esters are not further resistant to alkaline hydrolysis and, as a result, are not particularly stable when mixed with detergent compositions or degradable under the wash water wash.
Ved viskositetsbrøken η/η0 forstås: Forholdet mellem den tid, som et volumen af en 1 vægtprocentig polymeropløsning i orthochlor-phenol er om at løbe gennem et kalibreret kapillarrør, og den tid, som det samme volumen orthochlorphenol er om at løbe gennem det samme rør, idet målingerne udføres ved 25°C.The viscosity fraction η / η0 means: The ratio of the time that a volume of a 1% by weight polymer solution in orthochlorophenol is to run through a calibrated capillary tube and the time that the same volume of orthochlorophenol is to run through the same tube , with the measurements being carried out at 25 ° C.
Fra GB patentskrift nr. 1.287.691 kendes en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en termoplastisk polyurethan ud fra: 1) en polyester med terminale hydroxylgrupper og formlen: HO - Y - OH (1), hvori Y betegner polyesterrester indeholdende terephtalsy-re og ethylenglycoi som de væsentligste betanddele, hvilken polyester har et krystalsmeltepunkt på 150-220°C og 149286 2 en molekylvægt på mindre end eller lig med 3000, og 2) en præpolymer med terminale isocyanatgrupper, som er fremstillet ud fra: a) et diisocyanat med formlen: OCN - R - NCO (2), hvor R betegner en gruppe udvalgt blandt alifatiske, alicykliske og aromatiske grupper, og b) en forbindelse med formlen: HO - Z - OH (3), hvor Z betegner en alifatisk polyether eller en alifa-tisk polyester, hvilken præpolymer har et smeltepunkt på mindst 80° under krystalsmeltepunktet for polyesterdiolen (1).GB Patent No. 1,287,691 discloses a process for preparing a thermoplastic polyurethane from: 1) a polyester having terminal hydroxyl groups and the formula: HO - Y - OH (1) wherein Y represents polyester residues containing terephthalic acid and ethylene glyco as the principal constituents, said polyester having a crystal melting point of 150-220 ° C and a molecular weight of less than or equal to 3000, and 2) a prepolymer having terminal isocyanate groups prepared from: a) a diisocyanate of the formula: OCN - R - NCO (2), wherein R represents a group selected from aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic groups, and b) a compound of the formula: HO - Z - OH (3) wherein Z represents an aliphatic polyether or an aliphatic compound. polyester, which prepolymer has a melting point of at least 80 ° below the crystal melting point of the polyester diol (1).
Det molære forhold mellem diisocyanatet (2) og polyesteren (1) plus forbindelsen (3) ligger fortrinsvis mellem 0,8 og 0,98.The molar ratio of the diisocyanate (2) to the polyester (1) plus the compound (3) is preferably between 0.8 and 0.98.
Disse polyurethaner finder anvendelse som klæbemidler, som beklædningsartikler og til fremstilling af støbte genstande.These polyurethanes are used as adhesives, as garments and in the manufacture of molded articles.
Da disse polyurethaner imidlertid ikke har nogen hydrofil karakter, hvilket i forbindelse med deres anvendelse til klæbemidler, beklædningsgenstande og støbte genstande også ville være en Uheldig egenskab, er de ikke egnede som additiv til vaskemidler.However, since these polyurethanes have no hydrophilic character, which in their application to adhesives, garments and molded articles would also be an adverse property, they are not suitable as additives for detergents.
1 US patentskrift nr. 2.998.403 beskrives en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af polyurethaner, som fremstilles ved omsætning af: et organisk diisocyanat med en lineær polyester med hydroxylgrupper fremstillet ud fra en dicarboxyfsyre og en diol, og en polyether med hydroxylgrupper, i hvilken oxygenatomerne er adskilt med en carbonhydridkæde,der indeholder mindst 3 carbon-atomer.U.S. Patent No. 2,998,403 discloses a process for preparing polyurethanes prepared by reacting: an organic diisocyanate with a linear polyester with hydroxyl groups prepared from a dicarboxylic acid and a diol, and a polyether with hydroxyl groups wherein the oxygen atoms are separated by a hydrocarbon chain containing at least 3 carbon atoms.
I patentskriftet anføres det også, at det er muligt at udøve fremgangsmåden ved at lade den hydroxylholdige polyether reagere med et overskud af diisocyanat og dernæst tilføje den hydroxylholdige polyester uden at ændre reaktionstemperaturerne og forholdene mellem forbindelserne. Til fremstilling af polyurethanerne ifølge dette patentskrift benyttes således en polyether, som ikke er nogen hydrofil makrodiol, og den benyttede polyester indeholder ikke noget aromatisk segment (spalte 3, linie 13-25 i patentskriftet).The patent also states that it is possible to carry out the process by reacting the hydroxyl-containing polyether with an excess of diisocyanate and then adding the hydroxyl-containing polyester without changing the reaction temperatures and the ratios of the compounds. Thus, for the polyurethanes of this patent, a polyether which is not a hydrophilic macrodiol is used and the polyester used does not contain any aromatic segment (column 3, lines 13-25 of the patent).
Polyurethanerne ifølge USA patentskriftet syntetiseres med henblik på fremstilling af gummiagtige polyurethanplaster, der fremviser visse mekaniske egenskaber, som muliggør deres anvendelse 149286 3 inden for dette område, hvor der traditionelt benyttes gummiagtige polyurethanplaster. Som additiv til detergentsammensætninger og vaskemidler er de derimod ikke egnede.The polyurethanes of the United States patent are synthesized to produce rubbery polyurethane plastics which exhibit certain mechanical properties which enable their use in this field where rubbery polyurethane plastics are traditionally used. However, as additives to detergent compositions and detergents, they are not suitable.
I modsætning til de ovenfor omtalte, fra FR patentskrift nr.In contrast to the above mentioned, from FR patent specification no.
1.499.508, GB patentskrift nr. 1.287.691 og US patentskrift nr.1,499,508, GB patent no. 1,287,691 and US patent no.
2.998.403 kendte polyestere henholdsvis polyurethaner, er polyure-thanerne ifølge nærværende ansøgning velegnede som additiv til detergentsammensætninger og vaskemidler som følge af deres hydrofile karakter og deres resistens mod alkalisk hydrolyse under lageropbevaring og i vaskevandet.2,998,403 known polyesters and polyurethanes, respectively, the polyurethanes of this application are suitable as additives for detergent compositions and detergents due to their hydrophilic nature and their resistance to alkaline hydrolysis during storage and in the wash water.
Opfindelsen angår derfor en lineær hydrofil, polyurethan af den i indledningen til krav 1 angivne art, hvilken polyurethan er ejendommelig ved, at polyurethanen har en viskositetsbrøk η/Πα/ som er større end eller lig med 2, og at der ved reaktionen ér anvendt: a) 10-70 vægtprocent af en polyester fremstillet ud fra tere-phthalsyre,anhydridet heraf eller én af dens diestere og en alifatisk eller cycloalifatisk, mættet diol og eventuelt en mindre mængde af en dicarboxylsyre, dennes anhydrid eller én af dens diestere og eventuelt en mindre mængde af et dicarboxylsyrenatriumsulfonat, idet molmængden af den sulfonerede forbindelse højst udgør 15% af den samlede molære mængde af dicarboxylsyreforbindelserne, hvorhos antalsmiddelmolekylvægten er mellem 1000 og 4000, hy-droxyltallet er mellem 25 og 120 mg KOH/g, og syretallet er mindre end eller lig med 3 mg KOH/g, og b) 90-30 vægtprocent af en præpolymer fremstillet ud fra mindst én hydrofil, ikke-ionisk polyethylenglycol med en antalsmiddelmolekylvægt på mellem 300 og 6000 og 2-15 vægtprocent, beregnet på basis af polyurethanen, af mindst ét diisocyanat, hvorhos molforholdet NCO/OH i blandingen af a) og b) ligger mellem 0,8 og 1.The invention therefore relates to a linear hydrophilic polyurethane of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 1, said polyurethane being characterized in that the polyurethane has a viscosity fraction η / Πα / greater than or equal to 2 and that in the reaction is used: a) 10-70% by weight of a polyester prepared from terephthalic acid, its anhydride or one of its diesters and an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic saturated diol and optionally a minor amount of a dicarboxylic acid, its anhydride or one of its diesters and optionally a less amount of a dicarboxylic acid sodium sulfonate, the mole amount of the sulfonated compound not exceeding 15% of the total molar amount of the dicarboxylic acid compounds, wherein the number average molecular weight is between 1000 and 4000, the hydroxyl number is between 25 and 120 mg KOH / g, and the acid number is or equal to 3 mg KOH / g, and b) 90-30% by weight of a prepolymer prepared from at least one hydrophilic nonionic polyethylene glycol with a number agent molecular weight of between 300 and 6000 and 2-15% by weight, based on the polyurethane, of at least one diisocyanate, the molar ratio of NCO / OH in the mixture of a) and b) being between 0.8 and 1.
Opfindelsen angår også en anvendelse af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen som genaf sætningsmodvirkende, smudsafvisende og antistatisk middel til syntetiske fibre. Polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen har vist sig at være særligt anvendelige til netop syntetiske fibre.The invention also relates to the use of the polyurethanes according to the invention as a repellent, dirt repellent and antistatic agent for synthetic fibers. The polyurethanes of the invention have been found to be particularly useful for precisely synthetic fibers.
Opfindelsen angår endvidere anvendelse af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen som genafsætningsmodvirkende, smudsafvisende og 149286 4 - antistatisk middel i vægtmængder pi 0,1-5% i detergehtsammensæt-ninger beregnet tii vask af tekstilvarer. Polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen er særligt anvendelige i detergentsammensætninger på grund af deres ringe tendens til hydrolyse i alkalisk vandigt miljø.The invention further relates to the use of the polyurethanes according to the invention as re-counteracting, dirt repellent and anti-static agent in weight amounts pi 0.1-5% in detergent compositions calculated for washing textile products. The polyurethanes of the invention are particularly useful in detergent compositions because of their low tendency for hydrolysis in alkaline aqueous environment.
Som dicarboxylsyrer kan man benytte mættede eller umættede, alifatiske dicarboxylsyrer, aromatiske dicarboxylsyrer, såsom ravsyre, adipinsyre, suberinsyre, sebacinsyre, maleinsyre, fumarsyre, itaconsyre, orthophtalsyre, isophtalsyre, terephthalsyre, disse syrers anhydrider og deres diestere, såsom methyl-, ethyl-, propyl- og butyldiestere.As dicarboxylic acids, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, orthophthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, terephthalic acid, propyl and butyl diesters.
Som dioler kan benyttes alifatiske glycoler, såsom ethylenglycol, diethylenglycol, og deres højere homologe, som har en molekylvægt, der er mindre eller lig med 300, 1,2-propandiol, dipropylenglycol og de højere homologe, 1,4-butandiol, 16-hexandiol, neopentylglycol, de cykliske glycoler, såsom cyclohexandiol og dicyclohexandiolpropan.As diols may be used aliphatic glycols, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and their higher homologues having a molecular weight less than or equal to 300, 1,2-propanediol, dipropylene glycol and the higher homologues, 1,4-butanediol, 16 hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, the cyclic glycols such as cyclohexanediol and dicyclohexanediol propane.
I visse tilfælde kan det af praktiske grunde, såsom ved fremstilling af produkterne i koncentreret opløsning, være af interesse at tildele polyesteren en udtalt svag ionisk karakter. For at gøre dette, inkorporeres der ved fremstillingen af polyesteren en mindre mængde sulfoneret dicarboxylsyre, f.eks. ved pi kendt måde at indføre 5-sulfoisophtalsyre eller dennes methyldiester i form af en af alkalimetalsaltene.In some cases, for practical reasons, such as in preparing the products in concentrated solution, it may be of interest to impart a pronounced weak ionic character to the polyester. To do this, a smaller amount of sulfonated dicarboxylic acid, e.g. by a known method of introducing 5-sulfoisophthalic acid or its methyl diester in the form of one of the alkali metal salts.
Forholdet mellem molmængden af den sulfonerede dicarboxylsyre og totalmængden af dicarboxylsyrer, som indgår i pol y estersammen-sætningen, er mindre end eller lig med 15%.The ratio of the mole amount of the sulfonated dicarboxylic acid to the total amount of dicarboxylic acids included in the polyester composition is less than or equal to 15%.
De foretrukne polyestere, som indgår i sammensætningen af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen, er sådanne, som fremstilles ud fra terephtalsyren eller en af dens diestere, og som har en antals-middefmolekylvægt, der ligger mellem 1000 og 4000, hvilket svarer til et hydroxyltal Iq^, som ligger mellem 25 og 120 mg KOH/g.The preferred polyesters included in the composition of the polyurethanes of the invention are those prepared from the terephthalic acid or one of its diesters and having a number average molecular weight ranging from 1000 to 4000 which corresponds to a hydroxyl number Iq which is between 25 and 120 mg KOH / g.
Præpolymeren med endestillede isocyanatatgrupper fremstilles ved reaktion mellem i det mindste én ikke-ionisk, hydrofil makrodiol og i det mindste ét diisocyanat.The prepolymer having terminated isocyanate groups is prepared by reaction of at least one nonionic hydrophilic macrodiol and at least one diisocyanate.
Som ikke-ionisk, hydrofil makrodiol benyttes en polyethylengly-col, hvis antalsmiddelmolekylvægt ligger mellem 300 og 6000, og fortrinsvis mellem 600 og 4000.As a nonionic hydrophilic macrodiol, a polyethylene glycol whose number average molecular weight is between 300 and 6000 is used, and preferably between 600 and 4000.
Organiske, aromatiske, alifatiske eller cycloalifatiske diisocyana-ter er egnede til fremstilling af præpolymeren, der benyttes til fremstilling af polyurethanen ifølge opfindelsen. Visse blandt disse 1Λ 9 2 8 6Organic, aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diisocyanates are suitable for preparing the prepolymer used to prepare the polyurethane of the invention. Certain among these 1Λ 9 2 8 6
SS
forbindelser benyttes dog oftere pi grund af deres aktuelle tilgængelighed. Det drejer sig især om toluendiisocyanaterne, hexamethylen- ' diisocyanat, isophorondiisocyanat, di(isocyanatphenyl)alkaner, såsom di(isocyanatophenyl)methan, og di(isocyanatcyclohexyl)alkaner, såsom di( isocyanatcyclohexyl )methan.however, connections are more frequently used because of their current availability. Most notably, the toluene diisocyanates, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, di (isocyanate phenyl) alkanes such as di (isocyanatophenyl) methane, and di (isocyanate cyclohexyl) alkanes such as di (isocyanate cyclohexyl) methane.
Den i forhold til den totale mængde af polyethylenglycol (makro-diol) og polyester benyttede relative molære mængde af det til fremstilling af præpolymeren, der benyttes til fremstilling af polyuretha-nen ifølge opfindelsen, benyttede diisocyanat bestemmes af molekylvægten af den endelige polyurethan, som man ønsker at opnå.The relative molar amount of polyethylene glycol (macrodiol) and polyester used for the preparation of the prepolymer used to prepare the polyurethane of the invention, used in relation to the total amount of polyurethane, is determined by the molecular weight of the final polyurethane used. want to achieve.
Vægtprocenten af diisocyanat i det endelige produkt ligger mellem 2 og 15%.The weight percentage of diisocyanate in the final product is between 2 and 15%.
Efter ønske opnås et slutprodukt med en højere molekylvasgt, hvorhos molforholdet mellem NCO-grupperne og antallet af anvendte hydroxylgrupper er nær 1, men dog er mindre end 1, idet forholdet ligger mellem 0,8 og 1.If desired, a final product with a higher molecular weight is obtained, where the molar ratio of the NCO groups to the number of hydroxyl groups used is close to 1, but is less than 1, the ratio being between 0.8 and 1.
Til fremstilling af polyurethanerne ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse kan man ved atmosfæretryk i den første reaktor fremstille polyesteren ved en kendt fremgangsmåde og holde den i smeltet tilstand, medens præpolymeren fremstilles i en anden reaktor ud fra en hydrofil polyethylenglycol og et diisocyanat, hvorhos temperaturen er lige netop tilstrækkelig til at holde den i smeltet tilstand.For preparing the polyurethanes of the present invention, at atmospheric pressure in the first reactor, the polyester can be prepared by a known process and kept in the molten state while the prepolymer is prepared in a second reactor from a hydrophilic polyethylene glycol and a diisocyanate, the temperature of which is just sufficient to keep it in the molten state.
I den anden reaktor er en temperatur på mellem 25 og 70°C sædvanligvis tilstrækkelig. Der arbejdes fortrinsvis under en nitro-genatmosfære.In the second reactor, a temperature of between 25 and 70 ° C is usually sufficient. Preferably, it is operated under a nitrogen gene atmosphere.
Derefter tilsættes præpolymeren til polyesteren, og temperaturen holdes mellem 150 og 200°C ved atmosfæretryk indtil reaktionen er ophørt, dvs. indtil viskositeten bliver konstant.Then, the prepolymer is added to the polyester and the temperature is maintained between 150 and 200 ° C at atmospheric pressure until the reaction is stopped, i.e. until the viscosity becomes constant.
Ved passende foranstaltninger vil de forskellige operationer kunne udføres kontinuerligt. Blandingen af polyesteren og præpolymeren med de endestillede isocyanatgrupper vil kunne udføres ved hjælp af doseringspumper. Reaktionen kan så afsluttes på transportbånd, som består af et materiale, hvor til det endelige produkt ikke klæber, som f.eks. polytetrafluorethylen, der findes i handelen (§) under betegnelsen TEFLON .Appropriate measures will enable the various operations to be performed continuously. The mixing of the polyester and prepolymer with the terminal isocyanate groups can be carried out by metering pumps. The reaction can then be terminated on conveyor belts consisting of a material which does not adhere to the final product, such as e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene, commercially available (§) under the designation TEFLON.
Under den forudsætning, at der arbejdes med reaktorer, er det af hensyn til nem omrøring og aftapning af produktet ønskeligt, at en vis viskositet ikke overskrides; ikke desto mindre kan man på denne måde fremstille polymerer, som har en viskositetsbrøk η/η0 6 U9286 der, målt i en 1 vægtprocentig opløsning af polymeren i orthochlor-phenol ved 25°C, kan blive op til 4.Provided that reactors are used, it is desirable that, for easy stirring and bottling of the product, some viscosity should not be exceeded; nevertheless, in this way polymers having a viscosity fraction η / η0 6 U9286 can be prepared which, as measured in a 1% by weight solution of the polymer in orthochlorophenol at 25 ° C, can reach up to 4.
De følgende eksempler vil belyse opfindelsen nærmere.The following examples will further illustrate the invention.
Eksempel 1 A. Fremstilling af polyesteren I en Reaktor fremstilles en polyester ud fra: vægtdele molære forholdExample 1 A. Preparation of the Polyester In a Reactor, a polyester is prepared from: parts by weight of molar ratios
Dimethylterephthalat ............... 333,8 5Dimethyl terephthalate ............... 333.8 5
Adipinsyre ......................... 175,9 3,5Adipic Acid ......................... 175.9 3.5
Natriumdimethy1isophthalat-5- sulfonat ........................... 152,8 1,5Sodium dimethyl isophthalate-5-sulfonate ........................... 152.8 1.5
Ethylenglycol ...................... 245,4 11,5Ethylene Glycol ...................... 245.4 11.5
Kondensationen udføres som en klassisk polyesterdannelsesreaktion, hvor katalysatoren er tetraisopropylorthotitanat.The condensation is carried out as a classic polyester formation reaction in which the catalyst is tetraisopropyl orthotitanate.
Kondensationens slutbetingelser er 220°C og et tryk på 2670 Pa.The condensation final conditions are 220 ° C and a pressure of 2670 Pa.
Der opnås herved 700 vægtdele af en polyester, hvis egenskaber er som følger:700 parts by weight of a polyester are obtained, the properties of which are as follows:
Syretal (I ) ......................... 0,5 mg KOH/gAcid number (I) ......................... 0.5 mg KOH / g
Hydroxyltal 0OH) ................... 29,9 mm KOH/gHydroxyl number 0OH) ................... 29.9 mm KOH / g
Antalsmiddelmolekylvægt (Mn) ....... 3746 B. Fremstilling af en præpolymer med endestillede isocyanatgrupper Under en nitrogenatmosfære indføres 300 vægtdele polyethylen-glycol med en molekylvægt på 600 i en reaktor Rg. Der opvarmes til 50°C, og 115,5 vægtdele hexamethylendiisocyanat tilføres på én gang.Number average molecular weight (Mn) ....... 3746 B. Preparation of a prepolymer with terminated isocyanate groups Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 300 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 600 is introduced into a reactor Rg. It is heated to 50 ° C and 115.5 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate is added at once.
Reaktionen får lov til at forsætte 1 time ved 70°C.The reaction is allowed to continue for 1 hour at 70 ° C.
C. Fremstilling af polyurethanenC. Preparation of the polyurethane
Temperaturen i reaktoren bringes op på 190°C, og indholdet af reaktoren Rg bringes i løbet af ca. 30 minutter til at løbe ind i reaktoren R^, og præpolymeren får lov at reagere med polyesteren i ca. 45 minutter ved denne temperatur.The temperature of the reactor is brought to 190 ° C and the content of the reactor R 30 minutes to run into the reactor R 2 and the prepolymer is allowed to react with the polyester for approx. 45 minutes at this temperature.
Der fremkommer 1115,5 vægtdele af en polyurethan, hvis visko- 149286 7 sitetsbrøk η/η0, målt som tidligere beskrevet, er 2,05.1115.5 parts by weight of a polyurethane are obtained, whose viscosity fraction η / η0, measured as previously described, is 2.05.
Eksempel 2 A. Fremstilling af polyesteren I en reaktor fremstilles ifølge den i eksempel 1 beskrevne fremgangsmåde en polyester ud fra: vægtdele molære forholdExample 2 A. Preparation of the Polyester In a reactor, according to the method described in Example 1, a polyester is prepared from: parts by weight of molar ratios
Dimethylterephthaiat ................ 257,4 8,5Dimethylterephthaiate ................ 257.4 8.5
Natriumdimethylisophthalat-5- sulfonat ............................ 69,3 1,5Sodium dimethyl isophthalate-5-sulfonate ............................ 69.3 1.5
Ethylenglycol ....................... 241,7 25Ethylene Glycol ....................... 241.7 25
Slutbetingelserne for kondensationen er en temperatur på 240°C og et tryk på 2670 Pa.The final condensing conditions are a temperature of 240 ° C and a pressure of 2670 Pa.
Der opnås 300 vægtdele af en polyester, hvis egenskaber er som følger:300 parts by weight of a polyester are obtained, the properties of which are as follows:
Syretal (lg) ............................... 0Acid number (lg) ............................... 0
Hydroxyltal 0OH) ......................... 57,4 m9Hydroxyl number 0OH) ......................... 57.4 m9
Antalsmiddelmolekylvægt (Mn) ..............1951 B. Fremstilling af en præpolymer med endestillede isocyanatgrupper Under en nitrogenatmosfære indføres 670 vægtdele polyethylen-glycol med en molekylvægt på 4000 i en reaktor Rg, og der opvarmes til 70°C. Derpå tilsættes på én gang 58 vægtdele toluendiisocyanat (kommerciel blanding af isomererne 2,4 og 2,6 i et forhold pa 80% henholdsvis 20%).Number Average Molecular Weight (Mn) .............. 1951 B. Preparation of a prepolymer with terminated isocyanate groups Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 670 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 4000 are introduced into a reactor Rg and heated. to 70 ° C. Then 58 parts by weight of toluene diisocyanate (commercial blend of isomers 2.4 and 2.6 in a ratio of 80% and 20% respectively) are added at once.
Reaktionen får lov til at forløbe ved en temperatur på 70°C i ca. 30 minutter.The reaction is allowed to proceed at a temperature of 70 ° C for approx. 30 minutes.
C. Fremstilling af polyurethanenC. Preparation of the polyurethane
Fremgangsmåden ifølge eksempel 1 følges, idet den ovenfor under 2 B fremstillede præpolymer bringes til at løbe ind i den ovenfor under 2A fremstillede polyester.The procedure of Example 1 is followed by causing the prepolymer prepared above 2B to flow into the polyester prepared above under 2A.
Der fremkommer 1058 vægtdele af en polyurethan, hvis viskositetsbrøk η/η0, målt som beskrevet ovenfor, er 2,1.1058 parts by weight of a polyurethane are obtained whose viscosity fraction η / η0, measured as described above, is 2.1.
149286 8149286 8
Eksempel 3Example 3
En præpolymer med endestillede isocyanatgrupper fremstillet ved reaktion mellem 750 vægtdele polyethylenglycol med molekylvægten 1500 og 109 vægtdele toluendiisocyanat (kommerciel blanding som beskrevet ovenfor) bringes, som beskrevet i eksempel 1C, til at løbe ned i 250 dele af den ifølge eksempel 2A fremstillede polyester.A prepolymer with terminated isocyanate groups prepared by reacting between 750 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol with molecular weights 1500 and 109 parts by weight of toluene diisocyanate (commercial mixture as described above) is introduced, as described in Example 1C, into 250 parts of the polyester prepared according to Example 2A.
Der fremkommer 1109 vægtdele af en polyurethan, hvis viskositetsbrøk η/η0, målt som tidligere angivet, er 2,31.1109 parts by weight of a polyurethane are obtained whose viscosity fraction η / η0, measured as previously stated, is 2.31.
Eksempel 4 A. Fremstilling af polyesterenExample 4 A. Preparation of the polyester
Der fremstilles en polyester ifølge fremgangsmåden, der er beskrevet i eksempel 1, ud fra følgende bestanddele: vægtdele molære forholdA polyester according to the method described in Example 1 is prepared from the following components: parts by weight of molar ratio
Dimethylterephthalat .............. 236,9 10Dimethyl terephthalate .............. 236.9 10
Ethylenglycol ....................... 227,1 30Ethylene Glycol ....................... 227.1 30
Poiyesterificeringsreaktionen aflsuttes ved 240°C under et tryk på 2670 Pa.The polyesterification reaction is terminated at 240 ° C under a pressure of 2670 Pa.
Der fremkommer herved 250 vægtdele af polyester, hvis egenskaber er som følger:There are thus obtained 250 parts by weight of polyester, the properties of which are as follows:
Syretal (I ) ....................... 0 3Acid number (I) ....................... 0 3
Hydroxyltal Oq^) ................. 60,9 mg KOH/gHydroxyl number Oq ^) ................. 60.9 mg KOH / g
Antalsmiddelmolekylvægt (Mn)......1839 B. Fremstilling af en præpolymer med endestillede isocyanatgrupper Præpolymeren fremstilles ud fra: 750 vægtdele polyethylenglycol med en molekylvægt pi 1.500 og 111 vægtdele toluendiisocyanat (kommerciel blanding som tidligere beskrevet).Number average molecular weight (Mn) ...... 1839 B. Preparation of a prepolymer with terminated isocyanate groups The prepolymer is prepared from: 750 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1,500 and 111 parts by weight of toluene diisocyanate (commercial mixture as previously described).
Reaktionsbetingelserne er de samme som dem, der er beskrevet i eksempel 1B.The reaction conditions are the same as those described in Example 1B.
C. Fremstilling af polyurethanenC. Preparation of the polyurethane
Ved at lade præpolymeren, som er beskrevet under 4B, løbe ind i polyesteren fra eksempel 4A, fremkommer der 1111 vægtdele af en polyurethan, hvis viskositetsbrøk η/η0, målt som tidligere beskrevet, er 3,13.By allowing the prepolymer described under 4B to run into the polyester of Example 4A, 1111 parts by weight of a polyurethane whose viscosity fraction η / η0 measured as previously described is 3.13 is obtained.
149286 9149286 9
Eksempel 5 A. Fremstilling af polyesterenExample 5 A. Preparation of the polyester
Der fremstilles en polyester ifølge fremgangsmåden, der er beskrevet i eksempel 1, ud fra følgende bestanddele: vaegtdele molære forholdA polyester according to the procedure described in Example 1 is prepared from the following ingredients:
Dimethylterephthalat ................ 236,9 10Dimethyl terephthalate ................ 236.9 10
Ethylenglycol ....................... 227,1 30Ethylene Glycol ....................... 227.1 30
Polyesterificeringsreaktionen afsluttes ved 240°C og under atmosfæretryk.The polyesterification reaction is terminated at 240 ° C and under atmospheric pressure.
Der fremkommer herved 250 vaegtdele af en polyester, hvis egenskaber er som følger:There are thus obtained 250 parts by weight of a polyester, the properties of which are as follows:
Syretal (lg) ............................. 0,7 mg KOH/gOxygen Number (Ig) ............................. 0.7 mg KOH / g
Hydroxyltal OqH) ......................116,1 mg KOH/gHydroxyl Number OqH) ...................... 116.1 mg KOH / g
Antalsmiddelmolekylvægt (Mn) .......... 965 B. Fremstilling af en præpolymer med endestillede isocyanatgrupper Præpolymeren fremstilles ud fra: 3920 vægtdele polyethylenglycol med en molekylvægt på 1500 og 575 vægtdele toluendiisocyanat (kommerciel blanding som tidligere beskrevet).Number Mean Molecular Weight (Mn) .......... 965 B. Preparation of a prepolymer with terminated isocyanate groups The prepolymer is prepared from: 3920 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1500 and 575 parts by weight of toluene diisocyanate (commercial blend as previously described).
Reaktionsbetingelserne er de samme som dem, der er beskrevet i eksempel 1B.The reaction conditions are the same as those described in Example 1B.
C. Fremstilling af polyurethanenC. Preparation of the polyurethane
Ved at lade præpolymeren, som er beskrevet under 5B, løbe ind i polyesteren fra eksempel 5A, fremkommer 4.745 vægtdele af en polyurethan, hvis viskositetsbrøk η/η0, målt som tidligere beskrevet, er 2,05.By allowing the prepolymer described under 5B to run into the polyester of Example 5A, 4,745 parts by weight of a polyurethane whose viscosity fraction η / η0 measured as previously described is 2.05 is obtained.
Efterfølgende tabel resumerer og muliggør en sammenligning af de opnåede polyurethaners egenskaber.The following table summarizes and enables a comparison of the properties of the polyurethanes obtained.
149286 10 - POLYESTERE - v v _^_149286 10 - POLYESTERS - v v _ ^ _
Eksempel Molær sarrmensætning Egenskaber ^ DMT AA DMSIP EG R % IQH Mn -> 5 3,5 1,5 11,5 15 - 0,5 29,9 3746 -> 8,5 0 1,5 25 15 - 0 57,4 1951 -8,5 0 1,5 25 15 - 0 57,4 '1951 -5>- 10 0 0 30 0 - 0 60,9 1839 -> 10 0 0 30 0 - 0,7 116,1 965 DMT: dimethylterephthaiat AA: adipinsyre . DMSIP: natriumdimethylisophthalat-5-sul£onat EG: ethylenglycol r %; forholdet mellem molmaaigden af sulfoneret dicarboxylsyre og molmaaigden af total dicarboxylsyre, som indgår i poly- · estersanriensætningen.Example Molar Syringe Composition Properties ^ DMT AA DMSIP EG R% IQH Mn -> 5 3.5 1.5 11.5 15 - 0.5 29.9 3746 -> 8.5 0 1.5 25 15 - 0 57.4 1951 -8.5 0 1.5 25 15 - 0 57.4 '1951 -5> - 10 0 0 30 0 - 0 60.9 1839 -> 10 0 0 30 0 - 0.7 116.1 965 DMT: dimethyl terephthalate AA: adipic acid. DMSIP: sodium dimethyl isophthalate-5-sulfate EG: ethylene glycol r%; the ratio between the mole amount of sulfonated dicarboxylic acid and the mole amount of total dicarboxylic acid included in the polyester anhydride composition.
--- POLYURETHANER ---- POLYURETHANES -
Y _Y_ YY _Y_ Y
Eksempel Vægtprocentsammensætning EgenskaberExample Weight Percentage Composition Properties
Polyester PEG Diisocyanat Præpolymer η ---- η ,, % Mn % % % —62,7 600 26,9 HMDI 10,3 62,7 2,05 —31,2 4000 63,3 TDI 5,5 68,8 2,1 —> 22,6 1500 67,6 TDI 9,8 77,4 2,31 —y 22,6 1500 67,6 TDI 9,8 77,4 3,13 —y 5,27 1500 82,6 TDI 12,13 94,73 2,05 PEG: polyethylenglycol HMDI: hexamethylendiisocyanat TDI: toluendiisocyanat JL : viskositetsbrøk no 149286 11Polyester PEG Diisocyanate Pre-polymer η ---- η ,,% Mn%%% -62.7 600 26.9 HMDI 10.3 62.7 2.05 -31.2 4000 63.3 TDI 5.5 68.8 2.1 -> 22.6 1500 67.6 TDI 9.8 77.4 2.31 —y 22.6 1500 67.6 TDI 9.8 77.4 3.13 —y 5.27 1500 82.6 TDI 12.13 94.73 2.05 PEG: polyethylene glycol HMDI: hexamethylene diisocyanate TDI: toluene diisocyanate JL: viscosity fraction no 149286 11
Det har vist sig, at polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen har en udmærket genafsætningsmodvirkende, smudsafvisende, antistatisk virkning, når de anvendes i nærværelse af en detergentsammensætning ved vask af syntetiske fibre.It has been found that the polyurethanes of the invention have an excellent re-antipyretic, dirt repellent, antistatic effect when used in the presence of a detergent composition when washing synthetic fibers.
Ved smudsafvisende virkning forstås, at fjernelsen af pletter fra stof, hvorpå pletterne er blevet afsat, lettes.By dirt repellent effect is meant that the removal of stains from fabric on which the stains have been deposited is facilitated.
Det vides, at stoffer, som indeholder en betydelig andel af polyesterfibre, har tendens til at være stærkt hydrofobe, hvilken egenskab bevirker, at fedtpletter, som er blevet afsat på stoffet, sætter sig fast, hvilket gør deres fjernelse vanskelig. En anden velkendt ulempe ved polyesterfibre er, at det smuds, som er tilstede i vaskevandet under vasken, kan genaflejres på stoffet. Desuden lades polyesterfibrene med statisk elektricitet, dels under brug og dels under tørringsoperationen. Et middel til. at modvirke disse ulemper, er at afsætte, en appretur på fibrene, som giver dem en vis hydrofil karakter.It is known that fabrics containing a significant proportion of polyester fibers tend to be highly hydrophobic, which causes grease stains deposited on the fabric to adhere, making their removal difficult. Another well-known disadvantage of polyester fibers is that the dirt present in the wash water during the wash can be re-deposited on the fabric. In addition, the polyester fibers are charged with static electricity, both during use and partly during the drying operation. A remedy for. To counteract these drawbacks is to set aside, an outfit on the fibers which gives them a certain hydrophilic character.
Det har vist sig, at polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen kan benyttes i en sådan appretur, der giver polyesterfibre, der behandles hermed, en ønsket hydrofil karakter.It has been found that the polyurethanes according to the invention can be used in such a finish which gives a desired hydrophilic character to polyester fibers treated therewith.
Afsætningen af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen på tekstiler kan gennemføres ved hjælp af et hvilket som helst passende middel, men især kan den udføres ved at en appretur påføres den ubehandlede tekstilråvare ved appretering eller forstøvning efter farvning af tekstilet eller efter brugerens vask af dette. Påføringen af polyurethanerne gennemføres dog fortrinsvis under vask af tekstilerne, hvilket vil sige; at polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen anvendes inkorporeret i detergentsammensætninger.The deposition of the polyurethanes of the invention on textiles can be effected by any suitable means, but in particular it can be effected by applying an finishing to the untreated textile raw material by dressing or spraying after dyeing the textile or after washing by the user thereof. However, the application of the polyurethanes is preferably carried out while washing the fabrics, that is; the polyurethanes of the invention are used incorporated in detergent compositions.
Polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen kan inkorporeres i en hvilken som helst type anionisk, ikke-ionisk, kationsk, ampholytisk eller zwitterionisk detergentsammensætning. Sådanne sammensætninger indeholder almindeligvis, ud over overfiadeaktive stoffer og buildere, et vist antal klassiske bestanddele i forskellige mængder. Eksempler på sådanne bestanddele er skummidler eller midler, som tværtimod bevirker skumdæmpning, såsom polysiloxaner, mineralsalte, såsom natriumsulfat, blegemidler alene eller i blanding med blegemiddelpre-cursore, og andre genafsætningsmodvirkende midler, såsom carboxy-methylcellulose, samt små mængder parfume, farvestoffer, fluorescensmidler og enzymer.The polyurethanes of the invention can be incorporated into any type of anionic, nonionic, cationic, ampholytic or zwitterionic detergent composition. Such compositions generally contain, in addition to surfactants and builders, a certain number of classical constituents in various amounts. Examples of such constituents are foaming agents or agents which, on the contrary, cause antifoam, such as polysiloxanes, mineral salts such as sodium sulfate, bleaches alone or in admixture with bleach precursor, and other resuspending agents such as carboxymethyl cellulose, and small amounts of perfume, and enzymes.
Inkorporeringen af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen i deter- 149286 12 gensammensætninger kan gennemføres på en hvilken som helst passende mide, som f.eks. ved tilsætning i form af opløsning eller emulsion i forbindelse med atomisering eller granulering af de pul-verformige sammensætninger eller i form af korn til sammensætningerne.The incorporation of the polyurethanes of the invention in detergent compositions may be carried out on any suitable medium, e.g. by adding in the form of solution or emulsion in connection with atomizing or granulating the powdered compositions or in the form of grains to the compositions.
Da polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen har en elastomer karakter, som er si meget mere udtalt desto længere kæden, der hidrører fra den polyethylenglycol, som indgår i polyurethanernes opbygning, er, er det fordelagtigt at tilsætte dem et findispergeret mineral, således at de bibringes form af et pulver, som det er lettere at blande i vaskemiddelsammensætningerne.Since the polyurethanes of the invention have an elastomeric character which is much more pronounced the longer the chain resulting from the polyethylene glycol contained in the structure of the polyurethanes, it is advantageous to add them to a finely dispersed mineral so as to give them the form of a powder which is easier to mix in the detergent compositions.
Egnede bærestoffer for polyurethanerne ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse er stærkt dispergerede stoffer, som består af meget fine partikler og udviser stor absorptionsevne. Blandt egnede bærestoffer kan nævnes: kaolin, natriumsilicoaluminater og siliciumdioxid.Suitable carriers for the polyurethanes of the present invention are highly dispersed substances which are made up of very fine particles and exhibit high absorbency. Suitable carriers include: kaolin, sodium silicoaluminates and silica.
Foretrukne bærestoffer for polyurethanerne ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse er syntetisk siliciumdioxid eller natriumsilicoaluminater, som er fremkommet ved udfældning ifølge kendte fremgangsmåder. Disse bærestoffer er neutrale eller let basiske. Bærestofferne består af elementarpartikler, hvis diameter varierer mellem 50 og 1000 Å, og som har en specifik overflade, der, målt ved BET-meto- 2 den, ligger mellem 50 og 600 m /g. Endvidere har de omtalte bære- 3 stoffer en porøsitet på fra 50 til 200 cm /100 g, målt ved kviksølvsporøsitetsbestemmelse, i det område, hvor porernes diameter varierer fra 400 Å til 2,5 pm.Preferred carriers for the polyurethanes of the present invention are synthetic silica or sodium silicoaluminates, which are obtained by precipitation according to known methods. These carriers are neutral or slightly basic. The carriers consist of elementary particles whose diameter varies between 50 and 1000 Å and which have a specific surface which, measured by the BET method, is between 50 and 600 m / g. Furthermore, the aforementioned carriers have a porosity of from 50 to 200 cm / 100 g, as measured by mercury porosity determination, in the range where the pore diameter varies from 400 Å to 2.5 µm.
Bærestoffernes oliebindingsevne (et andet mål for porøsiteten) 3 er, målt med dioctylphtalat, større end 70 cm /100 g og kan være op 3 til 250 cm /100 g, når der er tale om natriumsilicoaluminater, og op o til 460 cm /100 g, når der er tale om siliciumdioxid.The oil binding capacity of the carriers (another measure of porosity) 3, measured with dioctyl phthalate, is greater than 70 cm / 100 g and may be up to 3 to 250 cm / 100 g in the case of sodium silicoaluminates and up to 460 cm / 100 g in the case of silica.
Almindeligvis kan man benytte 10 til 90 vægtdele bære- eller fyldstof til 90 til 10 vægtdele polyurethan. Fortrinsvis præpareres 40 til 70 vægtdele af bærestoffet med 60 til 30 vægtdele polyurethan til opnåelse af et pulver, som er tilstrækkeligt dispergerbart i vand uden samtidig at føre til et niveau, som indebærer uopløst stof i vaskevandet.Generally, 10 to 90 parts by weight of carrier or filler can be used for 90 to 10 parts by weight of polyurethane. Preferably, 40 to 70 parts by weight of the carrier are prepared with 60 to 30 parts by weight of polyurethane to obtain a powder which is sufficiently dispersible in water without at the same time leading to a level involving undissolved substance in the wash water.
Ved blanding af polyurethanen med et mineralstof kan man på . forhånd smelte polyurethanen, tilsætte mængden af det ønskede bærestof og derpå finmale det således opnåede produkt. I tilfælde 149286 13 med polyurethaner, som har en hydrofil karakter, der er tilstrækkelig til, at der kan opnås en vandig dispersion, som indeholder 15 til 20 vægtprocent af de omhandlede polyurethaner, kan man først fremstille en opløsning eller emulsion af polyurethanerne, iblande mængden af det ønskede bærestof og derpå tørre og finmale det opnåede produkt. Dette gælder især, når der er tale om polyurethaner, som indeholder anioniske grupper, hvis opgave det er at fremme opnåelse af en koncentreret, vandig dispersion.By mixing the polyurethane with a mineral substance one can put on. pre-melt the polyurethane, add the amount of the desired carrier and then grind the product thus obtained. In the case of polyurethanes having a hydrophilic character sufficient to obtain an aqueous dispersion containing 15 to 20% by weight of the polyurethanes of the present invention, a solution or emulsion of the polyurethanes may be first prepared in admixture with the amount thereof. of the desired carrier and then dry and grind the obtained product. This is especially true in the case of polyurethanes containing anionic groups whose purpose is to promote the achievement of a concentrated aqueous dispersion.
I detergentsammensætninger anvendes polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen på sædvanlig måde i forhold på fra 0,1 til 5 vægtprocent. Fortrinsvis anvendes fra 0,5 til 3 vægtprocent af polyurethanerne i disse sammensætninger.In detergent compositions, the polyurethanes of the invention are used in the usual manner in a ratio of from 0.1 to 5% by weight. Preferably, from 0.5 to 3% by weight of the polyurethanes are used in these compositions.
Det har vist sig, at polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen iblandet et detergentpulver og oplagret under betingelser, som ligger nær de ί praksis forekommende, ved vask af syntetiske fibre udviser bedre elektrisk antistatiske, smudsafvisende og smudsgenafsætningsmodvir-kende egenskaber end hidtil kendte produkter, såsom "PERMALOSE T“ der er en polyester, som er beskrevet i eksempel 2 i beskrivelsen til fransk patent nr. 1.401.581.It has been found that the polyurethanes of the invention admixed with a detergent powder and stored under conditions which are near the practice of washing synthetic fibers exhibit better electrical antistatic, dirt repellent and dirt repellency properties than previously known products such as "PERMALOSE T "There is a polyester described in Example 2 of the specification of French Patent No. 1,401,581.
Nedenstående eksempler, som samtidig med at de belyser anvendelsen af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen, godtgør deres bemærkelsesværdige egenskaber, når de anvendes som genafsætningsmod-virkende, antistatisk og smudsafvisende middel.The following examples, while illustrating the use of the polyurethanes of the invention, demonstrate their remarkable properties when used as a repellent, antistatic and dirt repellent.
Det mineralske bærestof, som anvendes i eksemplerne, er et produkt, som er bragt i handelen “La Société SIFRANCE" under betegnelsen "TIX-O-SIL 38". Det drejer sig om syntetisk silicium-dioxid, som er fremkommet ved udfældning.The mineral carrier used in the Examples is a product marketed "La Société SIFRANCE" under the designation "TIX-O-SIL 38". It is a synthetic silica obtained from precipitation.
Eksempel 6 A. Fremstilling af pulver af en forudsmeltet polyurethan Nærværende eksempel 6 belyser fremstilling af pulver af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen.Example 6 A. Preparation of Powder of a Pre-Melted Polyurethane This Example 6 illustrates the preparation of powder of the polyurethanes of the invention.
1000 Vægtdele "TIX-O-SIL 38" opvarmes til 200°C i en kuglemøi-»e under en nitrogenatmosfære. Der tilsættes f.eks. 1000 vægtdele af den polyurethan, som er fremstillet i eksempel 3 eller 4, og som forinden er smeltet.1000 parts by weight "TIX-O-SIL 38" are heated to 200 ° C in a ball mill under a nitrogen atmosphere. For example, 1000 parts by weight of the polyurethane prepared in Example 3 or 4 and previously melted.
Der fremkommer herved et findelt pulver.This results in a finely divided powder.
149286 14 8. Fremstilling af pulver af en polyurethan, som forud er disperge-ret i vand. ·8. Preparation of powder of a polyurethane previously dispersed in water. ·
Man lader f.eks. 1000 vægtdele af den polyurethan, som er fremstillet i eksempel 1 og 2 strømme ud i 4000 vægtdele vand, som holdes ved en temperatur på 60°C og er under kraftig omrøing.One lets, for example, 1000 parts by weight of the polyurethane produced in Examples 1 and 2 flow into 4000 parts by weight of water maintained at a temperature of 60 ° C and under vigorous stirring.
Derpå hældes det hele ned i en blandemaskine, og der tilsættes 1000 vægtdele "TIX-Q-SIL 38". Den fremkomne pasta tørres i en ventileret ovn ved 60°C, før den formales.Then pour it all into a mixer and add 1000 parts by weight "TIX-Q-SIL 38". The resulting paste is dried in a ventilated oven at 60 ° C before grinding.
Eksempel 7 Nærværende eksempel godtgør stabiliteten ved oplagring af en polyurethan ifølge opfindelsen.Example 7 The present example demonstrates the stability of storage of a polyurethane according to the invention.
Polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen inkorporeres i et forhold på 3 vægtprocent i følgende detergentsammensætning:The polyurethanes of the invention are incorporated in a ratio of 3% by weight in the following detergent composition:
Lineært alkylbenzensulfonat (alkyl indeholdende ca. 12 carbonatomer) ...................... 9,9%Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (alkyl containing about 12 carbon atoms) ...................... 9.9%
Alkohol indeholdende 16 til 18 carbonatomer og ca. 15 ethy lenoxid rester ................................ 5,0%Alcohol containing 16 to 18 carbon atoms and approx. 15 Ethylene Oxide Residues ............................... 5.0%
Natursæbe af talg ..................................... 6,6%Natural soap from sebum ..................................... 6.6%
Natriumtripolyphosphat ................................ 34,0%Sodium Tripolyphosphate ................................ 34.0%
Natri umorthophosphat ................. 0,9%Sodium umorthophosphate ................. 0.9%
Natriumpyrophsphat..................................... 2,3%Sodium pyrophosphate ..................................... 2.3%
Natriumperborat ................·.....................22,9%Sodium Perborate ................ · ..................... 22.9%
Natriumsulfat ......................... 4,8%Sodium Sulfate ......................... 4.8%
Natriumdisilicat.......................................... 5,4%Sodium disilicate ......................................... 5.4%
Carboxymethylcellulose ................................ 0,6%Carboxymethyl cellulose ............................... 0.6%
Vand ....................».............................. 7,6%Water .................... »............................ .. 7.6%
Polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen blandes med siliciumforbindelsen "TIX-O-SIL 38" som beskrevet i eksempel 6B. Det fremkomne pulver iblandes derefter den ovenfor angivne detergentsammensætning i en håndbetjent blandemaskine af mærket "HENRY". Den fremkomne blanding oplagres derpå i en ovn i 4 uger ved 40°C.The polyurethanes of the invention are mixed with the silicon compound "TIX-O-SIL 38" as described in Example 6B. The resulting powder is then mixed with the above-mentioned detergent composition in a hand-operated mixer of the brand "HENRY". The resulting mixture is then stored in an oven for 4 weeks at 40 ° C.
Stabiliteten af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen undersøges derefter på følgende måde:The stability of the polyurethanes of the invention is then examined as follows:
To baner (20 x 115 cm) af polyester/bomuldsstof (67/33) med en reflektans C vaskes i en automatisk vaskemaskine "Miele 421 S" (kulørt vaskeprogram, 60°C) i nærværelse af 5 g/l af ovenanførte vaskemiddelsammensætning, som indeholder polyurethan ifølge opfindelsen. Stofbanerne tørres derefter ved omgivelsestemperatur og opskæres i kvadrater (12 x 12 cm), på hvilke man afsætter spildolie, 149236 15 "Spangler-snavs" (se J. Am. Oil Chem., 1965-42, 723-727), tomat-koncentrat og læberødt pi 6 kvadrater for hver plettype. Pletterne ældes derefter ved ophold på 1 time i en ovn ved 60°C. Deres reflek-tans R målet på et “Elrépho"-apparat med et FMY/C-filter for spildolie og "Spangler-snavs", og med et FMX/C-filter for tomatkoncentrat og læberødt.Two webs (20 x 115 cm) of polyester / cotton fabric (67/33) with a reflectance C are washed in an automatic washing machine "Miele 421 S" (colored washing program, 60 ° C) in the presence of 5 g / l of the above detergent composition, containing polyurethane according to the invention. The fabric webs are then dried at ambient temperature and cut into squares (12 x 12 cm) onto which waste oil is deposited, "Spangler dirt" (see J. Am. Oil Chem., 1965-42, 723-727), concentrate and lip red pi 6 squares for each stain type. The stains are then aged by staying for 1 hour in an oven at 60 ° C. Their R is reflected on an “Elrépho” device with an FMY / C filter for waste oil and “Spangler dirt”, and with an FMX / C filter for tomato concentrate and lip red.
De plettede kvadrater rimpes derefter på 10 stykker rent bomuldstof og vaskes derpå som tidligere beskrevet og tørres. Derefter måles deres reflektans R^. Effektiviteten af det undersøgte produkt som smudsafvisende middel vurderes ud fra den procentiske pletfjernelse beregnet efter formlen:The stained squares are then ripped on 10 pieces of pure cotton fabric and then washed as previously described and dried. Then their reflectance R ^ is measured. The effectiveness of the tested product as a soil repellent is evaluated based on the percentage stain removal calculated by the formula:
R^ - RR ^ - R
E (i %) — -- x 100E (in%) - - x 100
C - RC - R
For hvert undersøgt produkt beregnes middelværdien af den procentiske fjernelse af forskellige pletter. Resultaterne af disse forsøg er angivet i nedenstående tabel:For each product investigated, the mean value of the percentage removal of different spots is calculated. The results of these experiments are given in the table below:
Undersøgt polymer PU3 PU4 • X % 83,5 66,5 50 55,5 I 74 74 74 74 P 73 73 67 66 PUj: Betegner den polyurethan, som er beskrvet i eksempel "i".Polymer PU3 PU4 tested • X% 83.5 66.5 50 55.5 I 74 74 74 74 P 73 73 67 66 PUj: Refers to the polyurethane described in Example "i".
X%: Betegner vægtmængden af "TIX-O-SIL 38", som er iblandet polyurethanen per 100 vægtdele af blandingen (fyldstof + polyurethan).X%: Denotes the amount of weight of "TIX-O-SIL 38" mixed with the polyurethane per 100 parts by weight of the mixture (filler + polyurethane).
I: Betegner middeleliminationsprocenten af forskellige pletter før opbevaring af polymeren.I: Denotes the mean elimination percentage of various spots before storing the polymer.
F: Betegner middeleliminationsprocenten efter opbevaring af polymeren i 4 uger ved 40°C.F: Denotes the mean elimination rate after storing the polymer for 4 weeks at 40 ° C.
149286 16 Følgende tabel godtgør den tilvejebragte fordel med de højmole-kylvægtige polyurethaner ifølge opfindelsen, efter at de har været opbevaret. I tabellen betegner η/η0 viskositetsbrøken for de undersøgte produkter, som dels er polyurethaner, der er beskrevet i eksempel 3 (PU), og dels er en polyester, der er beskrevet i eksempel 2 i beskrivelsen til fransk patent nr. 1.401.581 (PE); (denne polyester er en copolymer af polyethylenterephthalat og polyoxy-ethylenglycol, og den anvendes ved den vaskefremgangsmide, der er beskrevet i det i indledningen til nærværende beskrivelse omtalte franske patentskrift nr. 1.499.508).The following table demonstrates the advantage of the high molecular weight polyurethanes of the invention after they have been stored. In the table, η / η0 denotes the fraction of viscosity of the products studied, which are partly polyurethanes described in Example 3 (PU) and partly a polyester described in Example 2 in the specification of French Patent No. 1,401,581 ( PE); (this polyester is a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene glycol and is used in the washing procedure described in French Patent Specification No. 1,499,508 disclosed in the preamble to this disclosure).
Undersøgt polymer X % ^ I FInvestigated Polymer X% ^ I F
-;----©--- PE 1,2 74 66 - 83,5 --- PU 2,3 74 73 PE 1,2 74 59 - 50--- PU 2,3 74 67-; ---- © --- PE 1,2 74 66 - 83,5 --- PU 2,3 74 73 PE 1,2 74 59 - 50 --- PU 2,3 74 67
Eksempel 8 Nærværende eksempel godtgør de smudsafvisende egenskaber af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen, når de anvendes i anioniske vaskemidler.Example 8 This example demonstrates the soil repellent properties of the polyurethanes of the invention when used in anionic detergents.
To baner (20 x 115 cm) polyester/bomuldsstof (67/33) med reflektansen C vaskes i en automatisk vaskemaskine "Miele 421 S" (kulørt vaskeprogram) i nærværelse af 5 g/l af den detergentsammensætning, som er beskrevet i eksempel 7. Det produkt, der skal afprøves, indføres derefter i et forhold på 3 vægt% i forhold til omtalte sammensætnng. Produkterne iblandes dels i form af en vandig opløsning på 5 vægt%, og dels i form af et pulver. Stofbanerne tørres derefter ved omgivelsestemperatur og opskæres i kvadrater (12 x 12 cm), hvorpå man afsætter spildolie, "Spangler-snavs", tomatkoncentrat og læberødt på 6 kvadrater for hver plettype.Two webs (20 x 115 cm) of polyester / cotton fabric (67/33) with the reflectance C are washed in an automatic washing machine "Miele 421 S" (colored washing program) in the presence of 5 g / l of the detergent composition described in Example 7 The product to be tested is then introduced at a ratio of 3% by weight to the composition mentioned. The products are mixed partly in the form of an aqueous solution of 5% by weight and partly in the form of a powder. The fabric webs are then dried at ambient temperature and cut into squares (12 x 12 cm) to deposit waste oil, "Spangler dirt", tomato concentrate and lipstick of 6 squares for each stain type.
Pletterne ældes derefter ved ophold på 1 time i en ovn ved 60°C.The stains are then aged by staying for 1 hour in an oven at 60 ° C.
Deres reflektans R måles på et " El répho"-apparat med et FMY/C-filter for spildolie og "Spangler-snavs", og med et FMX/C-filter for tomatkoncentrat og læberødt.Their reflectance R is measured on an "El répho" apparatus with an FMY / C filter for waste oil and "Spangler dirt", and with an FMX / C filter for tomato concentrate and lip red.
De plettede kvadrater rimpes derpå på 10 stykker rent bomuldsstof og vaskes derefter som tidligere beskrevet og tørres. Derefter 149286 17 måles deres reflektans R^. Effektiviteten af det afprøvede produkt som smudsafvisende middel vurderes ud fra den procentiske pletfjernelse beregnet efter formlen: E (i %) * —-- x 100The spotted squares are then ripped on 10 pieces of pure cotton fabric and then washed as previously described and dried. Then their reflectance R 1 is measured. The effectiveness of the tested product as a soil repellent is evaluated based on the percentage stain removal calculated by the formula: E (in%) * - - x 100
C - RC - R
For hvert undersøgt produkt beregnes middelværdien af den procentiske fjernelse af de forskellige pletter. Resultaterne af disse forsøg er angivet i nedenstående tabel:For each product examined, the mean of the percent removal of the various spots is calculated. The results of these experiments are given in the table below:
Undersøgt polymer Reference* PU^ PUj PU^ PU^ PU^ PUPolymer Examined Reference * PU ^ PUj PU ^ PU ^ PU ^ PU
X % - 50 50 0 50 55,5 66,6 66,6 E % 45 I 75 75 74 76 74 73 51 *) Som reference benyttes den i eksempel 7 angivne detergentsammensætning uden indhold af polyurethan ifølge opfindelsen.X% - 50 50 0 50 55.5 66.6 66.6 E% 45 I 75 75 74 76 74 73 51 *) As a reference, the detergent composition of Example 7 without the polyurethane content of the invention is used.
Undersøgelsens konfidensinterval er 2 %.The study's confidence interval is 2%.
I tabellen er også anført afprøvningen af en polyesterpolyure-than, som ikke falder indenfor rækkevidden af den foreliggende opfindelse, og som er betegnet med PU. Denne polymer er fremstillet ifølge den generelle fremgangsmåde, der er beskrevet i eksempel 1, og er karakteriseret som følger:The table also lists the testing of a polyester polyurethane which does not fall within the scope of the present invention and is designated PU. This polymer is prepared according to the general procedure described in Example 1 and is characterized as follows:
Sammensætning:composition:
Polyester 22,67 vægt%Polyester 22.67% by weight
Polyethylenglycol (Mn * 1500) 68,02 vægt%Polyethylene Glycol (Mn * 1500) 68.02% by weight
Toluendiisocyanat (kommerciel blanding) 9,31 vægt%Toluene diisocyanate (commercial blend) 9.31% by weight
Viskositetsbrøk η/η0 2,63 (målt som tidligere beskrevet)Viscosity fraction η / η0 2.63 (measured as previously described)
Polyesteren blev fremstillet ud fra 10 mol adipinsyre for hver 30 mol ethylenglycol og er karakteriseret som følger: 1 : 0,5 mg KOH/g 3 t0H: 16,5 mg KOH/gThe polyester was prepared from 10 moles of adipic acid for each 30 moles of ethylene glycol and is characterized as follows: 1: 0.5 mg KOH / g 3 t0H: 16.5 mg KOH / g
Mn: 6590 18 149280Mn: 6590 18 149280
Eksempel 9 Nærværende eksempel godtgør de smudsafvisende egenskaber af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen, når de anvendes i et ikke-ionisk vaskemiddel.Example 9 The present example demonstrates the soil repellent properties of the polyurethanes of the invention when used in a nonionic detergent.
Forsøgene gennemføres under de samme betingelser, som er beskrevet i eksempel 8, men med følgende ikke-ioniske detergentsammensætning:The tests are carried out under the same conditions as described in Example 8, but with the following nonionic detergent composition:
Alkohol, som indeholder 10 til 12 carbonatomer og gennemsnitlig 5 ethy lenoxid rester ...................9,4%Alcohol containing 10 to 12 carbon atoms and average 5 ethylene oxide residues ................... 9.4%
Natriumtripolyphosphat.............................31,4 %Sodium Tripolyphosphate ............................. 31.4%
Natriumorthophosphat ............................. 1,1%Sodium Orthophosphate ............................. 1.1%
Natriumpyrophosphat ..... 7,3%Sodium pyrophosphate ..... 7.3%
Natriumperborat ..................................26,2%Sodium Perborate .................................. 26.2%
Natriumsulfat..................... 15,8%Sodium sulphate ..................... 15.8%
Natriumdisilicat ................ 8,5%Sodium disilicate ................ 8.5%
Polysiloxan (antiskummiddel) ............. 0,3%Polysiloxane (anti-foaming agent) ............. 0.3%
Resultaterne af disse forsøg er angivet i nedenstående tabel: -71----The results of these experiments are given in the table below: -71 ----
Undersøgt polymer Reference PU2 PU3 PU4 X % - 60 50 0 50 55,5 E % 45 83 81 80 82 83 *) Som reference benyttes ovenanførte detergentsammensætning, men uden indhold af polyurethan ifølge opfindelsen.Polymer Examined Reference PU2 PU3 PU4 X% - 60 50 0 50 55.5 E% 45 83 81 80 82 83 *) As a reference, the above detergent composition is used, but without the polyurethane content of the invention.
Eksempel 10 Nærværende eksempel godtgør de genafsætningsmodvirkende egenskaber af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen.Example 10 The present example demonstrates the resilient antagonistic properties of the polyurethanes of the invention.
Kvadrater (12 x 12 cm) af polyester/bomuldsstof (67/33) vaskes i et "Lini-Tesf'-apparat (ORIGINAL HANAU®) i 20 minutter ved 60°C i hårdt vand (33°TH; 1°TH svarer til et indhold på 10 mg CaCO^ pr. liter vand) indeholdende 0,75 g/l af følgende klassiske detergentsammensætning : 149286 19Squares (12 x 12 cm) of polyester / cotton fabric (67/33) are washed in a "Lini-Tesf" apparatus (ORIGINAL HANAU®) for 20 minutes at 60 ° C in hard water (33 ° TH; 1 ° TH equals to a content of 10 mg CaCO 2 per liter of water) containing 0.75 g / l of the following classic detergent composition:
Liniært alkylbenzensulfonat ........... 8,0%Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate ........... 8.0%
Alkohol, indeholdende 16 til 18 carbonatomer og ca, 50 ethylenoxidrester ............................ 3,0%Alcohol containing 16 to 18 carbon atoms and about 50 ethylene oxide residues ............................ 3.0%
Natursæbe af talg ................................. 4,0%Natural soap of sebum ................................. 4.0%
Natriumtripolyphosphat .............................30,0 %Sodium Tripolyphosphate ............................. 30.0%
Natriumorthophosphat ........................... 1,5%Sodium Orthophosphate ........................... 1.5%
Natriumpyrophosphat ......................... .12,5%Sodium pyrophosphate ......................... .12.5%
Natriumperborat ..................................25,0%Sodium Perborate .................................. 25.0%
Natriumsulfat .......................................10,0%Sodium Sulfate ....................................... 10.0%
Natriumdisilicat....................................... 6,0% I hvert vaskekar tilføres "Spangler-snavs" i et forhold på 5 %o i forhold til vægten af vaskeopløsningen. Polyurethanen ifølge opfindelsen afprøves i en relativ mængde pi 3 vægt% i forhold til den detergentsammensætning, hvor den inkorporeres.Sodium disilicate ....................................... 6.0% In each washbasin add "Spangler "dirt" in a ratio of 5% o in relation to the weight of the wash solution. The polyurethane of the invention is tested in a relative amount of 3% by weight relative to the detergent composition in which it is incorporated.
Genaflejringen af "Spangler-snavset” bedømmes pi grundlag af værdien af reflektansen R af en i nærværelse af polyurethanen ifølge opfindelsen vaskede stofprøve. Reflektansen måles på et "Gardner"-apparat ("GARDNER INSTRUMENTS"). Det uvaskede stof har en reflektans pi 85,6.The repositioning of the "Spangler dirt" is judged on the basis of the value of the reflectance R of a fabric sample washed in the presence of the polyurethane of the invention. The reflectance is measured on a "Gardner" apparatus ("GARDNER INSTRUMENTS"). The unwashed substance has a reflectance pi 85 , 6th
De med nogle af de tidligere beskrevne polyurethaner opnåede resultater er angivet i nedenstående tabel: $The results obtained with some of the previously described polyurethanes are given in the table below: $
Undersøgt polymer Reference PU^ PU2 PU^ PU4 X % - 50 50 0 50 55,5 R 67 79,2 78,4 82,0 82,4 81 *) Som reference benyttes samme detergentsammensætning, men uden indhold af polyurethan ifølge opfindelsen.Polymer Examined Reference PU ^ PU2 PU ^ PU4 X% - 50 50 0 50 55.5 R 67 79.2 78.4 82.0 82.4 81 *) The same detergent composition is used as a reference, but without the polyurethane content of the invention.
Konfidensintervallet under forsøgsbetingelserne er 1.The confidence interval under the experimental conditions is 1.
Eksempel 11 Nærværende eksempel godtgør de antistatiske egenskaber af polyurethanerne ifølge opfindelsen.Example 11 The present example demonstrates the antistatic properties of the polyurethanes of the invention.
To baner (20 x 115 cm) polyesterstof ("Dacron type 54", "TEST FABRICS INC") vaskes i en automatisk vaskemaskine "Miele® 421 S" (kulørt vaskeprogram, 60°C) i nærværelse af 5 g/l af den i eksempel 7 beskrevne detergentsammensætning. Den afprøvede poly- 149286 20 urethan indføres i en relativ mængde på 3 vægt% i forhold til den detergentsammensætning, hvori den inkorporeres. Stofbanerne tørres derefter ved omgivelsestemperatur, og der udskæres skiver med en diameter på 10 cm. Stofskiverne konditioneres dernæst i 24 timer i et rum med styret temperatur og fugtighedsgrad (22°C, 46% relativ fugtighed). Hver enkelt af prøverne oplades under elektrostatisk påvirkning, hvorefter tiderne for middelhalveringsafladning og for middeltrekvartafladning måles pi et elektrostatiometer ("Creusot-Loire").Two webs (20 x 115 cm) of polyester fabric ("Dacron type 54", "TEST FABRICS INC") are washed in an automatic washing machine "Miele® 421 S" (colored wash program, 60 ° C) in the presence of 5 g / l of it detergent composition described in Example 7. The tested polyurethane is introduced in a relative amount of 3% by weight relative to the detergent composition into which it is incorporated. The fabric webs are then dried at ambient temperature and slices with a diameter of 10 cm are cut. The fabric discs are then conditioned for 24 hours in a room with controlled temperature and humidity (22 ° C, 46% relative humidity). Each of the samples is charged under electrostatic influence, after which the times for mean half-discharge and for mid-term discharge are measured on an electrostatiometer ("Creusot-Loire").
Undersøgt produkt Reference* PUj X % 50Product Investigated Reference * PUj X% 50
Halv afladning, sekunder 1-80 8 1440 20Half discharge, seconds 1-80 8 1440 20
Trekvart afladning, sekunder *) Som reference benyttes samme detergentsammensætning, men uden indhold af polyurethan ifølge opfindelsen.Three-quarter discharge, seconds *) As a reference, the same detergent composition is used, but without the polyurethane content of the invention.
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FR7538233A FR2334698A1 (en) | 1975-12-09 | 1975-12-09 | HYDROPHILIC POLYURETHANNES FOR USE IN DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS |
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FR2407980A1 (en) * | 1977-11-02 | 1979-06-01 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | NEW ANTI-SOILING AND ANTI-REDEPOSITION COMPOSITIONS FOR USE IN DETERGENCE |
US4307219A (en) * | 1980-04-30 | 1981-12-22 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Aqueous solvent dispersible linear polyurethane resins |
GB8918589D0 (en) * | 1989-08-15 | 1989-09-27 | Graham Neil B | Polymeric compositions |
DE4125454A1 (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-02-04 | Bayer Ag | COATING AGENTS AND THEIR USE FOR PRODUCING WATER VAPOR-PERMEABLE COATINGS |
ES2038909B1 (en) * | 1991-09-25 | 1994-02-16 | Gonzalez Hernandez Adelaido | PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING A FRESHENER AND CLEANING PRODUCT. |
FR2723858B1 (en) | 1994-08-30 | 1997-01-10 | Ard Sa | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SURFACTANTS FROM WHEAT BY-PRODUCTS AND NOVEL ALKYL XYLOSIDES |
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DE102007023827A1 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Use of polycarbonate, polyurethane and/or polyurea-polyorganosiloxane compounds or their acid addition compounds and/or salts to improve the cleaning efficiency of laundry detergents during washing textiles |
KR20090128445A (en) | 2007-04-03 | 2009-12-15 | 헨켈 아게 운트 코. 카게아아 | Cleaning agents |
JP5613558B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2014-10-22 | ローディア インコーポレイティド | Mono-, di- and polyol phosphate esters in personal care formulations |
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-
1975
- 1975-12-09 FR FR7538233A patent/FR2334698A1/en active Granted
-
1976
- 1976-10-25 ZA ZA766374A patent/ZA766374B/en unknown
- 1976-11-29 SE SE7613353A patent/SE437838B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-07 GB GB51006/76A patent/GB1578930A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-07 IT IT52515/76A patent/IT1069839B/en active
- 1976-12-07 ES ES454016A patent/ES454016A1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-07 DD DD7600196169A patent/DD127905A5/en unknown
- 1976-12-07 NO NO764172A patent/NO764172L/no unknown
- 1976-12-08 LU LU76343A patent/LU76343A1/xx unknown
- 1976-12-08 CH CH1545776A patent/CH602810A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-08 DE DE2655551A patent/DE2655551C3/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-08 BE BE173066A patent/BE849185A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-08 PL PL19423676A patent/PL194236A1/en unknown
- 1976-12-08 FI FI763531A patent/FI763531A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-12-08 JP JP51147598A patent/JPS5917759B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-08 CA CA267,395A patent/CA1091843A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-08 BR BR7608222A patent/BR7608222A/en unknown
- 1976-12-09 AT AT911376A patent/AT352397B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-09 NL NLAANVRAGE7613715,A patent/NL183727C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-09 DK DK553576A patent/DK149286C/en active
-
1977
- 1977-12-16 ES ES465154A patent/ES465154A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL183727C (en) | 1989-01-02 |
LU76343A1 (en) | 1978-01-18 |
JPS5269998A (en) | 1977-06-10 |
SE437838B (en) | 1985-03-18 |
JPS5917759B2 (en) | 1984-04-23 |
BE849185A (en) | 1977-06-08 |
DE2655551B2 (en) | 1980-01-17 |
ES465154A1 (en) | 1979-01-16 |
FR2334698A1 (en) | 1977-07-08 |
ZA766374B (en) | 1977-09-28 |
GB1578930A (en) | 1980-11-12 |
DK553576A (en) | 1977-06-10 |
FI763531A (en) | 1977-06-10 |
NL183727B (en) | 1988-08-01 |
NO764172L (en) | 1977-06-10 |
DD127905A5 (en) | 1977-10-19 |
DE2655551C3 (en) | 1980-09-11 |
DE2655551A1 (en) | 1977-06-23 |
FR2334698B1 (en) | 1981-03-27 |
SE7613353L (en) | 1977-06-10 |
CA1091843A (en) | 1980-12-16 |
ES454016A1 (en) | 1978-03-01 |
DK149286C (en) | 1986-09-01 |
NL7613715A (en) | 1977-06-13 |
CH602810A5 (en) | 1978-08-15 |
BR7608222A (en) | 1977-11-22 |
PL194236A1 (en) | 1978-07-03 |
IT1069839B (en) | 1985-03-25 |
ATA911376A (en) | 1979-02-15 |
AT352397B (en) | 1979-09-10 |
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