DK148322B - Analogifremgangsmaade til fremstilling af alfa-mono- eller -difluormethylornithin eller -arginin eller -ornithinalkylestere, deres farmaceutisk acceptable syre- eller basesalte eller optiske isomere - Google Patents
Analogifremgangsmaade til fremstilling af alfa-mono- eller -difluormethylornithin eller -arginin eller -ornithinalkylestere, deres farmaceutisk acceptable syre- eller basesalte eller optiske isomere Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK148322B DK148322B DK309478AA DK309478A DK148322B DK 148322 B DK148322 B DK 148322B DK 309478A A DK309478A A DK 309478AA DK 309478 A DK309478 A DK 309478A DK 148322 B DK148322 B DK 148322B
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- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- compounds
- arginine
- formula
- amino
- Prior art date
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 39
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- -1 methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy Chemical group 0.000 description 25
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 13
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- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 12
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Ornithine Chemical class NCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orn-delta-NH2 Natural products NCCCC(N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(C)CCCN UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229960003104 ornithine Drugs 0.000 description 9
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N spermidine Chemical compound NCCCCNCCCN ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PFNFFQXMRSDOHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N spermine Chemical compound NCCCNCCCCNCCCN PFNFFQXMRSDOHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 108700005126 Ornithine decarboxylases Proteins 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 4
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- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940063673 spermidine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229940063675 spermine Drugs 0.000 description 4
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- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
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- ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium amide Chemical compound [NH2-].[Na+] ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWCSXQCXXITVKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyloxidanium Chemical compound CC[O+](CC)CC DWCSXQCXXITVKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKGLSKVNOSHTAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N valerophenone Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XKGLSKVNOSHTAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
- A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C229/00—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/02—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/04—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C229/20—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated the carbon skeleton being further substituted by halogen atoms or by nitro or nitroso groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C279/00—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C279/04—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of guanidine groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton
- C07C279/14—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of guanidine groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton being further substituted by carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/68—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D211/72—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/74—Oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/68—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D211/72—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/74—Oxygen atoms
- C07D211/76—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2 or 6
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D223/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D223/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D223/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D223/08—Oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
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Description
i 148322 o
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en analogifrem-gangsmåde til fremstilling af hidtil ukendte a-mono- eller -difluormethylornithin eller -arginin eller alkylestere af ornithinforbindelserne med den almene formel 5 y
x- (ch2) 3-c-cor1 I
nh2 hvor Y er FCH,- eller F~CH-, X er amino eller guanidyl og 1 Δ Δ 1 R er hydrogen, eller, når X er amino, R desuden er en 10 ligekædet eller forgrenet alkoxygruppe med 1-8 carbonatomer, eller farmaceutisk acceptable syre- eller basesalte eller individuelle optiske isomere deraf. Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved det i den kendetegnende del af krav 1 angivne.
15 Eksempler på alkoxygrupper med 1-8 carbonatomer som anvendt i formlen I er methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy og octyloxy.
Eksempler på farmaceutisk acceptable salte af forbindelserne, der fremstilles ved fremgangsmåden ifølge 20 opfindelsen, omfatter ikke-toksiske syreadditionssalte dannet med uorganiske syrer såsom saltsyre, brombrintesyre, svovlsyre og phosphorsyre, og organiske syrer såsom methan-sulfonsyre, salicylsyre, maleinsyre, æblesyre, vinsyre, citronsyre, cyclaminsyre og ascorbinsyre, samt ikke-toksiske 25 salte dannet med uorganiske eller organiske baser- såsom af alkalimetaller, f.eks. natrium, kalium og lithium, jordalkalimetaller, f.eks. calcium og magnesium, lette metaller fra hovedgruppe 3 f.eks. aluminium, organiske aminer såsom primære, sekundære eller tertiære aminer, 30 f.eks. cyclohexylamin, ethylamin, pyridin, methylamino- ethanol, ethanolamin og piperazin. Saltene fremstilles på gængs måde.
Foretrukne forbindelser er sådanne med formlen I, hvor R"1· er hydroxy.
35 Forbindelserne med formlen I er inhibitorer for decarboxylaseenzymer, der er medvirkende ved polyamiddannelse, hvilket gør disse forbindelser til værdifulde farmakologiske 148322 2
O
midler. Polyaminer, især putrescin, spermidin og spermin, er til stede i plante- og dyrevæv og i visse mikroorganismer. Selv om polyaminers nøjagtige fysiologiske rolle ikke er blevet helt klart afgrænset, er der tegn, der tyder på, 5 at polyaminer er medvirkende ved celledeling og -vækst.
(H.G. Williams-Ashman m.fl., The Italian J. Biochem. 25, 5-32 (1976), A. Raina og J. Janne, Med. Biol. 53, 121-147 (1975) og D.H. Russell, Life Sciences 13, 1635-1647 (1973)). Polyaminer er vigtige vækstfaktorer i celler eller medvir-10 kende ved visse mikroorganismers vækstprocesser, f.eks.
E. coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus, C. cadaveris, Salmonella typhosa og Haemophilus parainfluenza. Polyaminer har forbindelse både med normal og neoplastisk hurtig vækst, idet der forekommer en stigning i polyaminers 15 syntese og akkumulation efter stimulus der fremkalder celleproliferation. Man ved ligeledes, at polyaminers niveau er højt i embryosystemer, i testes og hos patienter med hurtigt voksende væv. Man ved, at der er en sammenhæng mellem ornithins, S-adenosylmethionins, arginins og 20 lysins decarboxylaseenzymaktivitet og dannelsen af poly-amin.
Putrescins, spermidins og spermins biosynteser er indbyrdes forbundne. Putrescin er decarboxyleringsproduktet af ornithin katalyseret ved ornithindecarboxylase. Put-25 rescindannelse kan også forekomme ved decarboxylering af arginin til dannelse af agmatin, der hydrolyseres, så at der fås putrescin og urinstof. Arginin er ligeledes medvirkende ved ornithindannelse ved indvirkning af enzymet arginase. Aktivering af methionin ved hjælp af S-adenosylmethionin-30 synthetase danner S-adenosylmethionin, der decarboxyleres, hvorefter propylamindelen af aktiveret methionin kan overføres til putrescin til dannelse af spermidin, eller polyamindelen kan overføres til spermidin til dannelse af spermin. Derfor fungerer putrescin som precursor for 35 spermidin og spermin og har yderligere vist sig at have en udpræget regulerende virkning på polyaminets biosynte- o 3 148322 tiske vej derved, at det har vist sig, at forøget syntese af putrescin er det første tegn på, at et væv vil blive udsat for fornyede vækstprocesser.
Forbindelserne med formlen I er inhibitorer 5 af ornithindecarboxylase. Forbindelserne med formlen I, hvor X er guanidino, er tillige inhibitorer af arginin-decarboxylase. Som inhibitorer af de ovennævnte decarboxy-laseenzymer er forbindelserne med formlen I derfor værdifulde antiinfektionsmidler, der er effektive til bekæmpelse 10 af mikroorganismer, f.eks. E. Coli, Enterobacter,
Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus, C. cadaveris, virus såsom H. parainfluenza, picornavirus, f.eks. encephalo-myocarditis, Herpes simplex, poxvirus og arbovirus såsom Semliki forest. Forbindelserne med formlen I må af samme 15 årsag regnes for egnede til bekæmpelse af visse hurtige vækstprocesser såsom ved inhibering af spermatogensis og embryogenesis og som abortfremkaldende midler, ligeledes ved inhibering af immunreaktion dvs. som immunosuppressorer og til bekæmpelse af neoplastisk vækst, f.eks. faste 20 tumorer, leukæmi og lymphomer, samt som inhibitorer af prostatisk hypertrofi af for kraftig vækst hos hovedbundsceller (forekommer ved skældannelse) og som inhibitorer af unormal hudcellevækst (tilfældet ved psoriasis). Anvendeligheden af forbindelserne med formlen I som 25 irreversible inhibitorer af ornithin-decarboxylaseenzymer in vivo er påvist ved, at en vandig opløsning af en udvalgt forbindelse med formlen I indgives parenteralt til hanrotter. Dyrene aflives 5 timer efter indgivelse af forbindelsen, og prostatas ventrallapper fjernes og homogeni-30 seres, og ornithindecarboxylaseenzymaktiviteten måles som beskrevet af E.A. Pegg og H.G. Williams-Ashman i Biochem. J. 108, 533-539 (1968) og af J. Janne og H.G. Williams. Ashman i Biochem. and Biophys. Res. Comm.
42, 222-228, (1971), jfr. den nedenfor anførte biologiske 35 afprøvning. Forbindelserne med formlen I og disses farmaceutisk acceptable salte og isomere kan indgives alene
O
148322 4 eller i form af farmaceutiske præparater enten oralt eller parenteralt og topisk til varmblodede dyr, dvs. fugle og pattedyr, f.eks. katte, hunde, køer, får, heste og mennesker. Til oral indgivelse kan forbindelserne 5 indgives i form af tabletter, kapsler eller piller eller i form af eliksirer eller suspensioner. Til parenteral indgivelse kan forbindelserne bedst anvendes i form af en steril vandig opløsning, der kan indeholde andre opløste bestanddele, således tilstrækkelig saltvand eller 10 glucose til at gøre opløsningen isotonisk.
Som farmakologisk anvendelige midler kan forbindelserne med formlen I indgives på forskellige måder til den patient, der skal behandles, for at opnå den ønskede virkning. Forbindelserne kan indgives alene eller 15 kombineret i form af et farmaceutisk præparat, der kan indgives oralt, parenteralt, f.eks. intravenøst, intra-peritonealt eller subcutant eller topisk. Mængden af forbindelse, der indgives, kan variere over et stort område og kan være en hvilken som helst effektiv mængde. Afhængigt 20 af den patient, der skal behandles, den lidelse, der skal behandles, og indgivelsesmåden kan den effektive mængde forbindelse, der indgives variere fra ca. 0,1 mg/kg til 500 mg/kg legemsvægt pr. enhedsdosis og vil fortrinsvis være ca. 10 mg/kg til ca. 100 mg/kg legemsvægt pr. enheds-25 dosis. Således kan en typisk enhedsdoseringsform være en tablet, der indeholder 10-300 mg af en forbindelse med formlen I, der kan indgives patienten, der skal behandles, 1-4 gange dagligt for at opnå den ønskede virkning.
Som anvendt her skal udtrykket "patient" omfatte 30 varmblodede dyr, såsom pattedyr, f.eks. katte, hunde, rotter, mus, marsvin, heste, køer, får eller mennesker.
Forbindelserne med formlen I, hvor er hydroxy, og X er amino, fremstilles ved at behandle et alkylester-derivat af ornithin, hvor dannelse af carbanion-mellem-35 produktet, der omsættes med et passende halogenmethyl- -halogenalkyleringsreagens i et aprotisk opløsningsmiddel 5
O
143322 såsom dimethylsulfoxid, dimethylformamid, dimethylacetamid, benzen, toluen, ethere såsom tetrahydrofuran, diethyl-ether eller dioxan, eventuelt i nærværelse af hexamethyl-phosphortriamid, når Y ikke er F2CH-, ved en temperatur på 5 ca. -120 til 120°C, fortrinsvis ca. 25-50°C, i 1/2 til 48 timer efterfulgt af syre- eller basehydrolyse som gengivet i følgende reaktionsskema.
10 Γ" / \ y1 N(CH2)3-CH-COOR6 ^0¾^-0 “ 00011 ! °"r7 N=C-R7 Stærk base !°“R n=CR7 j R8 .3 --|R > : R ; K 1 L . _ _i
Forb. 1 .
15 alkylerxngs- middel Y +
Y
Y fortyndet vandig 1
20 HoN(CH„)o-C-C00R6 . syre/hydrazin N-C-COOR
1 ' ^ N=C-R7 NH2 r ;8
Forb. 3
Forb. 2 25 H2° (syre/base)
Y
v
H2N(CH2)3-C-COOH
30 NH2 forb. 4 35 6 6 148322
O
I ovenstående reaktionsskema er R en alkylgruppe såsom methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl eller n-butyl, 7 R er hydrogen, phenyl, en ligekædet eller forgrenet 7 8 alkylgruppe med 1-8 carbonatomer, eller R og R kan til-5 sammen danne en alkylengruppe med 5-7 carbonatomer, dvs.
-CH2(CH2)m-CH2_f hvor m er et helt tal fra 3 til 5. Eksempler på ligekædede eller forgrenede alkylgrupper med 7 8 1-8 carbonatomer, som R 6g R kan være, er f.eks. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert.butyl, 7 8 10 n-pentyl, neopentyl eller triethylmethy1, eller R og R er hydrogen henholdsvis carbonylphenyl eller benzyl, dvs.
0
" 11 -NH-C-R
eller 15 0 1 12 -NH-COR , 11 12 hvor R og R er phenyl, benzyl eller alkyl eller 7 8 alkoxy. Fortrinsvis er R og R dog ens.
Egnede stærke baser, der kan anvendes i oven-20 stående reaktionsrækkefølge til dannelse af carbanionmel-1emproduktet, er sådanne, der vil flytte en proton fra α-carbonatornet til carboxygruppen såsom alkyllithium, f.eks. butyllithium eller phenyllithium, lithium-di-alkyl-amid, f.eks. lithiumdiisopropylamid, lithiumamid, tertiær 25 kåliumbutylat, natriumamid, metalhydrider, f.eks. natrium-hydrid eller kaliumhydrid, tertiære aminer såsom tri-ethylamin, lithiumacetylid eller dilithiumacetylid. Lithiumacetylid, dilithiumacetylid, natriumhydrid og lithiumdiisopropylamid er særligt foretrukne baser.
30 Egnede alkyleringsreagenser, der kan anvendes i ovenstående reaktionsrækkefølge, er f.eks. chlorfluor-methan, bromfluormethan, fluoriodmethan, chloridfluor-methan, bromdifluormethan, difluoriodmethan. Alkylerings-reagenserne er kendt.
35 Fjernelse af de beskyttende grupper for amino- og carboxylisk funktion kan foretages i ét trin ved at behandle forbindelserne 2 med vandig syre, f.eks. saltsyre 148322 7
O
eller toluensulfonsyre, ved en temperatur på ca. 0-160°C i ca. 4-24 timer, hvilket giver forbindelserne 4. Det foretrækkes først at fjerne de aminobeskyttende grupper 1 forbindelserne 2, når disse funktioner er beskyttet g som en Schiff's base, ved at behandle forbindelserne 2 med fortyndet vandig syre, f.eks. saltsyre, eller med hydrazin eller phenylhydrazin i opløsningsmidler, såsom lavere alkoholer, f.eks. methanol eller ethanol, ethere, chlorerede carbonhydrider, benzen og vand. Fjernelse af 10 de beskyttende grupper for de carboxyliske funktioner og aminogrupperne, når disse er beskyttet på anden måde end som en Schiff's base, sker ved at behandle forbindelserne 2 med koncentrerede vandige syrer, f.eks. brombrintesyre, ved en temperatur på ca. 0 til 160°C eller i vandige baser, 15 f.eks. ammoniumhydroxid.
De aminobeskyttede esterderivater, dvs. forbindelserne 1, fremstilles, når R ikke er methoxy eller ethoxy, ved at behandle en passende aminosyreester med en carbonylbærende forbindelse til dannelse af en Schiff's base på almindelig 20 7 kendt måde, især (a) når R er hydrogen, ved at behandle en passende aminosyreester med benzaldehyd eller en alkanal med 1 til 9 carbonatomer, der er ligekædet eller forgrenet, f.eks. 1-propanal, 1-butanal, 2,2-dimethylpropan-l-al 7 eller 2,2-diethylbutan-l-al; (b) når R er phenyl, ved 25 at behandle en passende aminosyreester med benzophenon eller phenylalkylketon, hvor alkyldelen har 1-8 carbonatomer og er ligekædet eller forgrenet, f.eks. phenylmethylketon, phenylethylketon, phenylisopropylketon, phenyl-n-butylketon 7 eller phenyl-tert.butylketon, og (c) når R er en ligekædet 30 eller forgrenet alkylgruppe med 1-8 carbonatomer, ved at behandle en passende aminosyreester med et phenylalkylketon som beskrevet ovenfor eller med et dialkyl-keton, hvor hver alkyldel har 1-8 carbonatomer og er ligekædet eller forgrenet, f.eks. dimethylketon, diethylketon, methylisopropylketon, di-n-butylketon eller methyl-tert.--butylketon. De carbonylbærende forbindelser er kendt eller kan fremstilles ved kendte metoder.
35 o 7 8 148322 Når R er methoxy eller ethoxy, omsættes ornithines terderivatet med benzoylhalogenld, f.eks. -chlorid, eller et alkansyrehalogenid, f.eks. chlorid, hvor alkansyren har 1-9 carbonatomer og kan være ligekædet eller forgrenet, 5 såsom acetylchlorid, propionylchlorid, butyrylchlorid, tert.-butyrylchlorid, 2,2-diethylsmørsyrechlorid eller valerylchlorid, ved 0°C i ethere, methylenchlorid, dime-thylformamid, dimethylacetamid eller chlorbenzen i nærværelse af en organisk base såsom triethylamin eller pyri-10 din, hvorefter reaktionsblandingen får lov at varme op til ca. 25°C i en time. Det herved fremkomne amidderivat kombineres med et alkyleringsreagens såsom methylfluorsulfo-nat, dimethylsulfat, methyliodid, methyl-p-toluensulfonat, 7 eller trimethyloxoniumhexafluorphosphat, når R er methoxy, 7 15 eller triethyloxoniumtetrafluorboran, .når R er ethoxy, ved ca. 25°C i et chloreret carbonhydridopløsningsmiddel såsom methylchlorid, chlorbenzen eller chloroform, og reaktionsblandingen tilbagesvales i 12-20 timer. Blandingen afkøles herefter til ca. 25°C, og der tilsættes en 20 organisk base såsom triethylamin eller pyridin, hvorefter opløsningen ekstraheres med saltvand, og produktet isoleres.
7 8 Når R og R i forbindelserne 1 danner en alkylengruppe med 5-7 carbonatomer, fås aminosyreester- 25 derivaterne ved at behandle aminosyreesteren med et cyclisk alkanon, der er cyclopentanon, cyclohexanon eller cycloheptanon, til dannelse af en Schiff's base ved kendte metoder.
0 0 " 11 " 12 30 De -CR - og -COR -beskyttende grupper anbringes på den frie.aminosyre, dvs. ornithin véd behandling af aminosyren med et overskud af kobbersalt, f.eks. kobber-carbonat i kogende vand i ca. 1-6 timer, og efter afkøling til stuetemperatur filtreres de uopløselige materialer fra, 35 og filtratet behandles med et passende syreahlogenid, når 9 1A8322
0 O
II 11 den beskyttede gruppe er -NH-CR , eller et passende alkyl- eller arylhalogenformiat, når den er 0 " 12 -NH-COR , 5 f.eks. i acetone i nærværelse af en base såsom natrium-carbonat eller natriumhydroxid, efterfulgt af behandling med hydrogensulfid. Eksempler på syrehalogenider, der kan anvendes, er acetylchlorid, propionylchlorid, benzylchlorid eller 2-phenylacetylchlorid. Eksempler 10 på halogenforraiater, der kan anvendes er benzylchlor-formiat, phenylchlorformiat, methylchlorformiat eller ethylchlorformiat.
Ornithinesteren dannes ved kendte metoder, f.eks. behandles aminosyren med en passende alkohol såsom methanol, 15 ethanol eller n-butanol mættet med HCl-gas.
Forbindelserne med formlen I, hvor X er guanidino, fremstilles ud fra det tilsvarende ornithinderivat, hvor Y er FCH2_ eller F2CH-, dvs. forbindelsen
Y
on '
H2N(CH2)3-C-COOH V
nh2 ved behandling med et alkylisothiouroniumsalt, f.eks. ethylisothioroniumhydrobromid, ved kendte metoder f.eks.
Organic Synthesis III, side 440 (1955). Reaktionen udføres 25 i nærværelse af en base, f.eks. vandige natriumhydroxid eller kaliumhydroxid ved pH ca. 8-12 og ved en temperatur på ca. 0 til 100°C i ca. 6 timer til 8 dage, hvorefter reaktionsblandingen neutraliseres med koncentreret saltsyre, og produktet isoleres.
30 1
Forbindelserne med formlen I, hvor R er en ligekædet eller forgrenet alkoxygruppe med 1-8 carbonatomer, fremstilles ved at omdanne den tilsvarende forbindelse, hvor R^ er hydroxy, dvs. α-mono- eller -difluorornithin til syrehalogenidet f.eks. ved behandling med thionyl-35 chlorid efterfulgt af alkoholyse med en alkohol med formlen R^OH, ved kendte metoder. Eventuelt kan forbindel- 148322 o ίο ser med formlen I, hvor R1 er en ligekædet eller forgrenet alkoxygruppe med 1-8 carbonatomer, fremstilles ud fra det tilsvarende derivat, hvor er hydroxy, ved behandling af derivatet med en alkohol med formlen R^OH som anført 5 ovenfor mættet med HCl i ca. 30 minutter til 12 timer ved en temperatur på ca. 25°C til alkoholens kogepunkt.
De individuelle optiske isomere af forbindelser med formlen I fås på samme måde som racematet, blot begynder man med den optiske ornithinanalog.
10 De individuelle optiske isomere af forbindelserne med formlen I, hvor R^- er hydroxy, og X er amino, fås tillige ud fra racematet via lactamet med formlen NH2 Y-C - C=0
15 (CH2)3-NH
‘»•ed anvendelse af et (+) eller (-)binaphthylphosphorsyresalt ved den af R. Viterbo m.fl. beskrevne metode i Tetrahedron Letters 48, 4617 (1971). Andre optiske opløsningsmidler 20 såsom (+) kamfer-10-sulfonsyre kan også anvendes.
De følgende eksempler belyser fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen.
Eksempel 1 25 2-Difluormethyl-2,5-diaminopentansyre
Under nitrogen sættes 500 ml opløsning af 2 molær butyllithium i hexan til en omrørt opløsning af 143,1 ml diisopropylamin i 1,5 liter tetrahydrofuran ved -78°C, hvorefter der tilsættes 261 g eller 0,81 mol 30 ornithindibenzaldiminmethylester i 1,5 liter tetrahydro furan. Efter at tilsætningen er tilendebragt, hæves reaktionstemperaturen til 40°C og holdes mellem 40 og 50°C i 3 timer, imedens der bobles chlordifluormethan-gas gennem blandingen under omrøring. Derefter behandles 35 reaktionsblandingen med en mættet opløsning af natrium- chlorid. Det organiske materiale ekstraheres med ether, o 11 148322 og etherekstrakten vaskes adskillige gange med natrium-chloridopløsning, tørres over magnesiumsulfat og inddampes, hvilket giver en viskos olie. Olien omrøres med 1,5 liter IN HCl i 3 timer, blandingen ekstraheres flere gange 5 med chloroform, og den vandige opløsning inddampes til tørhed. Den olieagtige remanens tilbagesvales med 1,5 liter 12N saltsyre i 16 timer, den afkølede opløsning klares ved chloroformekstrahering før inddampning, affarvning (trækul) og yderligere inddampning til ca. 750 ml.
10 Opløsningens pH indstilles til 3,5 ved tilsætning af triethylamin, opløsningen behandles igen med trækul før inddampning til ca. 500 ml og fortynding med 7-8 liter acetone. Det udfældede produkt filtreres fra og vaskes med ethanol. Det rå produkt omkrystalliseres ved 15 opløsning i ca. 150 ml varmt vand og behandling af opløsningen med 450 ml varm ethanol. Efter afkøling fraskilles 71 g krystaller (37%) 2-difluormethyl-2,5-diaminopen-tansyre-hydrochlorid-monohydrat, smeltepunkt 183°C, 20 Eksempel 2 2-Difluormethyl-2-amino-5-guanidinopentansyre
Til en opløsning af 5 g eller 21,12 mmol 2-difluormethyl-2,5-diaminopentansyre-monohydrat-mono-hydrochlorid (fremstillet ifølge eksempel 1) i 8,5 ml 25 NaOH 2 molær sættes på én gang 7,82 g eller 42,26 mmol ethylthiouroniumhydrobromid. Opløsningens pH indstilles til 10-,5 med 2 molær NaOH og holdes på denne værdi i 4 dage. Derefter neutraliseres reaktionsblandingen til pH = 7 med 1 molær HCl og inddampes under formindsket 30 tryk. Remanensen passeres på en Amberlite-søjle IR 120 H+--form. Eluering med 2 molær NH^OH giver 2,3 g af den i overskriften nævnte forbindelse, der omkrystalliseres ud fra H20/EtOH, smeltepunkt 257°C.
35
O
148322 12
Eksempel 3
Opdeling i optiske isomere 3-Amino-3-difluormethyl-2-piperidon
Til en oplosning af 2,7 g methyl-2-difluormethyl-5 -2,5-diaminopentanoat-dihydrochlorid, der fremstilles ud fra 2-difluormethyl-2,5-diaminopentansyren fra eksempel 1 ved behandling med methanol mættet med HC1, i 30 ml tør methanol, sættes under nitrogen 2 ækvivalenter natriummethylat i methanol (0,46 g natrium 10 i 20 ml methanol). Reaktionsblandingen omrøres i 3 timer ved stuetemperatur, derefter afdampes opløsningsmidler under formindsket tryk. Remanensen ekstraheres med ether, hvilket giver den i overskriften nævnte lactamforbindelse, der renses enten ved krystallisation ud fra CHCl^/pentan 15 (smeltepunkt 149°C) eller ved destillation (kogepunkt 135°C/0,05 mm Hg).
(-) og (+) 2-Amino-3-difluormethyl-2-piperidon-hydrochlorid Til en opløsning af 1,27 g (-) binaphthylphos-20 phorsyre (BNPA) i 50 ml varm ethanol sættes en opløsning af 0,546 mg (-) 3-amino-3-difluormethyl-2-piperidon i 5 ml varm ethanol. Ved afkøling udskilles krystaller.
Derefter henstår reaktionsblandingen ved 4°C natten over. Bundfaldet filtreres fra, vaskes med ethanol og diethyl-25 ether, hvilket giver 0,54 g (-) binaphthylphosphorsyre ([o]D = -409°# C = 0,3, MeOH smeltepunkt: 300°C). Omkrystallisation af modervæsken giver 0,15 g (-) binaphthyl-phosphorsalt. Inddampning af filtratet giver 1,1 g af et klæbende materiale, der behandles med 3 molær HC1 30 ved stuetemperatur i 3 timer. (-)BNPA filtreres fra, og filtratet inddampes under formindsket tryk. Omkrystallisation af remanensen (320 mg) i ethanol giver (+) 3-amino-3-difluormethyl-2-piperidonmonohydrochlorid (160 g) ([a]D = + 18°C, C = 1 (MeOH), smeltepunkt 238°C).
35 Behandlet under samme betingelser giver (-)BNPA-saltet (436 g) (-) 3-amino-3-difluormethyl-2-piperidonmonohydro-
O
13 148322 chlorid (137 mg), der omkrystalliseres i ethanol (67 mg) ([a]D = -19°, C = 1,02, MeOH, smeltepunkt 240°C, sønderdeling).
5 (-) og (+) 2-difluormethyl-2,5-diaminopentansyre-monohydro-, chlorid_ (-) 3-Difluormethyl-3-amino-2-piperidon-hydrochlorid (60 g) opvarmes i 4 ml HCl 6 molær ved tilbagesvaling i 12 timer. Efter inddampning under formindsket tryk, opløses 10 remanensen i vand, og opløsningens pH indstilles til 4,5 med en opløsning af NEt^. Derefter inddampes opløsningen under formindsket tryk, og remanensen ekstraheres mange gange med chloroform og omkrystalliseres derefter ud fra H20/Et0H, hvilket giver 54 mg (+) 2-difluormethyl-2,5-diamino-15 pentansyre-monohydrochlorid ([α]D = +6°C, C = 0,48, MeOH, smeltepunkt 5> 240°C). Ved identisk behandling giver 96 mg (+) 3-difluormethyl-3-amino-2-piperidon-hydrochlorid 56 mg (-) 2-difluormethyl-2,5-diaminopentansyre-monohydrochlorid ([o] = -10°, C = 0,7, MeOH, smeltepunkt > 244°C).
20
Biologisk afprøvning
Tre repræsentative forbindelser, nemlig henholdsvis I a-monofluormethylornithin-hydrochlorid II a-difluormethylornithin-hydrochlorid 25 III a-difluormethylarginin-hydrochlorid afprøves ved indgive som enkeltdosis i vandig isotonisk opløsning intraperitonealt til hanrotter af stammen
Sprague-Dawley opdelt i grupper på 5 hver. Dyrene aflives 5 timer senere ved dekapitation, og præparaternes ornithinde- 30 carboxylase-aktivitet måles på prostatas ventrallapper 14 14 ved bestemmelse af rigivelsen fra [1- Cjornithin ifølge den af Danzin m.fl. i Life Sciences 24, 519 (1979) beskrevne metode. De følgende resultater udtrykker den resterende ornithindecarboxylaseaktivitet i forhold til 35 en ubehandlet kontrol. Dvs. inhiberingen af ornithinde-carboxylase er i % subtraktionen fra 100%.
o 14 148322
Resterende
Dosis decarboxylaseaktivitet (mg/kg) (% i forhold til ubeh. kontr).
5 Kontrol 0 100 - 17
Forbindelse I 200 15,5-1,0
Forbindelse II 200 4,5 - 1,5
Forbindelse III 200 67 - 14
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US81476577A | 1977-07-11 | 1977-07-11 | |
| US81476577 | 1977-07-11 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK309478A DK309478A (da) | 1979-01-12 |
| DK148322B true DK148322B (da) | 1985-06-10 |
| DK148322C DK148322C (da) | 1985-11-04 |
Family
ID=25215950
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK309478A DK148322C (da) | 1977-07-11 | 1978-07-10 | Analogifremgangsmaade til fremstilling af alfa-mono- eller -difluormethylornithin eller -arginin eller -ornithinalkylestere, deres farmaceutisk acceptable syre- eller basesalte eller optiske isomere |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63246365A (da) |
| DK (1) | DK148322C (da) |
| ES (4) | ES471596A1 (da) |
| HK (1) | HK76986A (da) |
| IE (1) | IE47081B1 (da) |
| IL (1) | IL54912A (da) |
| IT (1) | IT1105099B (da) |
| NZ (1) | NZ187536A (da) |
| SE (1) | SE444934B (da) |
| ZA (1) | ZA783349B (da) |
-
1978
- 1978-06-06 IE IE1146/78A patent/IE47081B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-06-12 ZA ZA00783349A patent/ZA783349B/xx unknown
- 1978-06-13 NZ NZ187536A patent/NZ187536A/xx unknown
- 1978-06-15 IL IL54912A patent/IL54912A/xx unknown
- 1978-07-10 ES ES471596A patent/ES471596A1/es not_active Expired
- 1978-07-10 SE SE7807691A patent/SE444934B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-10 DK DK309478A patent/DK148322C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-10 IT IT50231/78A patent/IT1105099B/it active
-
1979
- 1979-03-14 ES ES478611A patent/ES478611A1/es not_active Expired
- 1979-03-14 ES ES478612A patent/ES478612A1/es not_active Expired
- 1979-03-14 ES ES478610A patent/ES478610A1/es not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-10-09 HK HK769/86A patent/HK76986A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1987
- 1987-12-28 JP JP62330367A patent/JPS63246365A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK76986A (en) | 1986-10-17 |
| IL54912A0 (en) | 1978-08-31 |
| JPH0325424B2 (da) | 1991-04-05 |
| NZ187536A (en) | 1982-03-23 |
| JPS63246365A (ja) | 1988-10-13 |
| ES478611A1 (es) | 1979-07-16 |
| IT1105099B (it) | 1985-10-28 |
| IT7850231A0 (it) | 1978-07-10 |
| DK309478A (da) | 1979-01-12 |
| ES478612A1 (es) | 1979-09-16 |
| IE781146L (en) | 1979-01-11 |
| ES478610A1 (es) | 1979-07-16 |
| ES471596A1 (es) | 1979-10-01 |
| IL54912A (en) | 1984-11-30 |
| SE444934B (sv) | 1986-05-20 |
| IE47081B1 (en) | 1983-12-14 |
| DK148322C (da) | 1985-11-04 |
| ZA783349B (en) | 1979-06-27 |
| SE7807691L (sv) | 1979-01-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| CTFF | Application for supplementary protection certificate (spc) filed |
Free format text: CA 1993 00047, 930630 |
|
| CTFF | Application for supplementary protection certificate (spc) filed |
Free format text: CA 1993 00047, 930630 |
|
| PUP | Patent expired |