DK144036B - Smoeremiddel - Google Patents
Smoeremiddel Download PDFInfo
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- DK144036B DK144036B DK436871AA DK436871A DK144036B DK 144036 B DK144036 B DK 144036B DK 436871A A DK436871A A DK 436871AA DK 436871 A DK436871 A DK 436871A DK 144036 B DK144036 B DK 144036B
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940113115 polyethylene glycol 200 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFVMEOPYDLEHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-fluorophenyl)-phenylmethanol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(F)C=1C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HFVMEOPYDLEHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPYKYDBKQYZEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)O QPYKYDBKQYZEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol Natural products CCCCC(O)CCC WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RALRVIPTUXSBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperidin-4-ol Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C(C(F)(F)F)=CC=1C1(O)CCNCC1 RALRVIPTUXSBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M3/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/288—Partial esters containing free carboxyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/30—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/30—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids
- C10M2207/304—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monohydroxy compounds, dihydroxy compounds and dicarboxylic acids only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/11—Complex polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/11—Complex polyesters
- C10M2209/112—Complex polyesters having dihydric acid centres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
144036
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår et smøremiddel på basis af en syntetisk esterolie af polyvalente, primære alkoholer med 2-20 carbonatomer og forgrenede monoalkoholer med 3-18 carbonatomer som alkoholkomponenter, og monocarboxylsyrer som 5 syrekomponenter.
Teknikkens stadigt voksende krav til smøremidlerne kan ikke længere i alle tilfælde opfyldes af mineraloliesmøremidlerne.
I tilfælde af store krav til smøremidlet, f.eks. på jetmotorområdet, og også om forbedring af mineralsmøreoliernes egenska-10 ber, anvendes syntetiske smøremidler, De såkaldte esterolier er en særlig værdifuld gruppe blandt de syntetiske smørestoffer.
Esterolierne er estere af for eksempel dicarboxylsyrer og forgrenede monoalkoholer. En anden gruppe er estrene af monocar-15 boxylsyrer og en polyalkohpl, såsom petaerythritol, Endvidere kendes blandingsestere, der er opbygget af komponenter af tre eller fire af de nævnte forbindelsesklasser.
Esterolierne udmærker sig frem for mineralolierne med lignende viskositet blandt andet ved et lavere størkningspunkt, et 20 højere flammepunkt og et bedre viskositets/tempepatur-forhold. Den sidste egenskab karakteriseres ved hjælp af viskositetsindekset (V.I.).
En ulempe ved esterolierne i forhold til mineralsmøreolierne er den væsentligt højere pris, der ikke mindst bestemmes af 25 syrekomponentens pris.
Ved oxidation af cyklohexan med luft til dannelse af cyklo-hexanol/-on i industriel målestok dannes carboxylsyreblandin-ger som biprodukt. Det mængdemæssige indhold af disse syrer er betydeligt. Det kan for eksempel udgøre ca. 10 - 12% af 30 den oxiderede cyklohexan. En anvendelse eller fjernelse af disse syrer er vanskelig. En fraskillelse og udvinding af de enkelte syrer er ikke økonomisk. Syreblandingen er således 144036 2 for det meste et affaldsprodukt, som sædvanligvis må fgernes ved en uøkonomisk forbrænding.
Det har nu vist sig, at sådanne syreblandinger, som dannes som biprodukt ved oxidation af cykloalkaner med 6-12 carbo-5 natomer, kan forarbejdes til økonomisk interessante esterolier med fremragende smøreolieegenskaber. De opnåede organiske syrer udgør følgelig, således som de dannes som biprodukt véd oxidationen af en af de ovennævnte cykloalkaner til den tilsvarende cykloalkanol/-on-blanding, syrekomponenter i ester-10 blandinger.
Udvindingen af de som biprodukt dannede syreblandinger kan f.eks. ved cyklohexanoxidationen ske således, at de sure bestanddele med en vandig alkaliopløsning udvaskes fra reaktionsproduktet, der dannes ved oxidation af cyklohexan ved 15 155 - 165°C med en oxygenholdig indifferent gas i nærværelse af for eksempel coboltnaphthenat som katalysator. Den vandige alkaliopløsning gøres derefter sur, f.eks. med svovlsyre, og de frigjorte carboxylsyrer ekstraheres med et opløsningsmiddel, såsom Cyklohexan, toluen eller methylethylketon. Alt ef-20 ter kvaliteten af de således opnåede syrer kan der eventuelt følge en yderligere rensningsoperation, såsom affarvning med aktivt kul eller destillation af syrerne. De opnåede carboxyl-syreblandinger består hovedsagelig af mono- og dicarboxylsy-rer med 3-6 carbonatomer. Sammensætningen varierer i over-25 ensstemmelse med reaktions- og oparbejdningsbetingelserne, f. eks. ekstraktionsmidlet. Hvis den rå carboxylsyreblanding for eksempel ekstraheres med cyklohexan, opnås monocarboxylsyre-blandinger med 5-45 vægtprocent smørsyre, 40 - 80 vægtprocent valerianesyre og 15 - 55 vægtprocent capronsyre. Hvis alle 30 syrer ekstraheres, f.eks. med methylethylketon, indeholder blandingen udover 40 - 60 vægtprocent af de allerede nævnte monocarboxylsyrer yderligere 20 - 40 vægtprocent hydroxycap-ronsyre og 20 - 40 vægtprocent dicarboxylsyrer. Dicarboxyl-syreme består udover ringe mængder ravsyre og glutarsyre af 35 65 - 85 vægtprocent adipinsyre.
144036 3
De sålede? opnåede syreblandinger kan efter bestemmelse af deres syretal anvendes til en forestring. Som alkoholkomponenter til en forestring anvendes der, såfremt syreblandingen hovedsagelig består af monocarboxylsyrer, polyvalente, 5 primære alkoholer med 2-20 carbonatomer og fortrinsvis lavmolekylær polyethylenglycol, dimethylpropandiol, trimethyl-olpropan og pentaerythritol. Det er dog også muligt, især når der foreligger en stor mængde dicarboxylsyrer, at erstatte en del af den polyvalente alkohol med en forgrenet monoalkohol 10 Bjed 3-18 carbonatomer, såsom 2-ethyl-l-hexanol. Det er endvidere muligt at anvende syreblandingeme sammen med andre monocarboxylsyrer og/eller langkædede dicarboxylsyrer med 6 -12 carbonatomer, såsom decandicarboxylsyre.
Forestringen sker på i og for sig kendt måde, f.eks. i nær-15 værelse af en katalysator ved flere timers kogning af en opløsning af reaktanterne i for eksempel toluen, hvorved det ved reaktionen dannede vand hele tiden fjernes azeotropt.
Som katalysatorer kan anvendes svovlsyre, phosphorsyre, p-to-luensulfonsyre og natriumbisulfat. Efter fuldstændig fore-20 string udvaskes de sure bestanddele, såsom katalysator og et eventuelt carboxylsyreoverskud, fra reaktionsproduktet med vandig alkali- eller alkalicarbonat og vand. Til slut afdestilleres opløsningsmidlet og fjernes fuldstændigt i vakuum.
Estrene kan imidlertid f.eks. også fremstilles ved tilsvaren-25 de omestring, hvorved denne metode samtidigt også kan tjene til rensning af den opnåede syreblanding.
De således opnåede esterolier kan tilsættes sædvanlige additiver, såsom antioxidanter. Det er også muligt at blande dem med andre smøremidler, såvel med syntetiske olier som med .sådanne 30 på mineraloliegrundlag.
Udover biprodukterne ved oxidation af cyklohexan kan også de sure biprodukter ved oxidation af højere cykloalkaner forarbejdes til esterolier med fremragende smøreolieegenskaber.
144036 4
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår følgelig et smøremiddel på basis af en syntetisk esterolie af polyvalente, primære alkoholer med 2-20 carbonatomer og forgrenede monoalkoholer med 3-18 carbonatomer som alkoholkomponenter, og monocarboxyl-5 syrer som syrekomponenter, hvilket smøremiddel er ejendommeligt ved, at syrekomponenterne består af fortrinsvis af mono-carboxylsyrer bestående syreblandinger, der dannes som biprodukt ved oxidationen af en cykloalkan med 6-12 carbonatomer med en oxygenholdig gas til dannelse af cykloalkanol/-on.
10 Esterolierne i smøremidlet ifølge opfindelsen har særdeles gode smøremiddelegenskaber, og deres egenskaber, såsom viskositeten, kan desuden varieres vidtgående, alt efter valget af alkoholkomponenten eller kombinationen af syrekomponenten med andre carboxylsyrer.
15 EKSEMPEL 1
Cyklohexan oxideres med en indifferent oxygenholdig gas ved 160°C og 10 atmosfæres tryk i nærværelse af 0,1 vægtprocent coboltnapthanat. Reaktionsproduktet vaskes med en vandig natronlud, som kan være 2 - 20%-ig. Af den vandige fase udvin-20 des en syreblanding A med et syretal på 489 ved syrning med svovlsyre, ekstrahering med cyklohexan og vidtgående fjernelse af opløsningsmidlet.
134 gram trimethylolpropan (l mol), 378 gram syreblanding A (3 ækvivalenter + lo% overskud), 1 liter toluen og 5 gram na-25 triumdisulfat fyldes på en 2 liter kolbe. Kolben forsynes med en tilbagesvaler og en vandudskiller. Blandingen koges i 15 timer ved hjælp af elektrisk opvarmning, hvorved der i alt udskilles 54 ml vand.
Efter afkøling vaskes reaktionsproduktet først med 10% vandig 50 natriumbicarbonatopløsning og derefter med vand. Opløsnings midlet afdestilleres fra esteropløsningen, til sidst ved 0,3 mm vakuum og 170°C, 144036 5
Der opnås en olie med følgende egenskaber: kinematisk viskositet ved 38° C = 16,8 cSt, ved 99° C = 3,9 cSt, viskositetsindeks = 148, størkningspunkt ifølge DIN 51.583 = - 72° C, flammepunkt ifølge DIN 51.584 = 224° C.
5 EKSEMPEL 2
Ved hjælp af den samme fremgangsmåde som i eksempel 1 forestres 136 gram pentaerythritol (l mol) og 504 gram syreblanding A (4 ækvivalenter + lo % overskud) i 1 liter toluen med 5 gram svovlsyre som katalysator.
10 Den færdige esterolie har følgende egenskaber: kinematisk viskositet ved 38° C = 25 cSt, ved 99° G - 5,3 cSt, viskositetsindeks = 141, størkningspunkt ifølge DIN 51.583 = - 57° C, flammepunkt ifølge DIN 51.584 = 238° C.
EKSEMFEL 3 15 200 g polyethylenglycol 200 (middelmolekylvægt = 200) og 252 gram syreblanding A (2 ækvivalenter + 10 9é) forestres og oparbejdes i 500 ml toluen og med 5 gram natriumbisulfat som katalysator som angivet i eksempel 1.
Der opnås en olie med følgende kendetegn: kinematisk visko-20 sitet ved 38° C - 9,9 cSt, ved 99° C = 2,8 cSt, viskositetsindeks = 144, størkningspunkt ifølge DIN 51.583 - - 67° C, flammepunkt ifølge DIN 51.584 = 216° C.
EKSEMPEL 4 I løbet af 10 timer fqrestres først 200 gram polyethylengly-25 col 200 (1 mol) og 115 gram decandicarboxylsyre (0,5 mol) i 1 liter toluen og med 5 gram natriumbisulfat som katalysator. Der udskilles derved 18 ml vand. Derefter sættes 126 gram syreblanding A (1 ækvivalent + 10 % overskud) til reaktionsblandingen, hvorefter der forestres i yderligere 8 timer, hvorved der endnu en gang udskilles 18 ml vand. Efter op- 144036 6 arbejdning ifølge eksempel 1 opnås en kompleks ester med følgende egenskaber: kinematisk viskositet ved 38° C = 62,3 cSt, ved 99° C = 8,8 cSt, viskositetsindeks = 121, størkningspunkt ifølge DIN 51.583 = - 36° C, flammepunkt ifølge DIN 51.584 = 5 230° C.
EKSEMPEL 5
Ligesom i eksempel 4 forestres først 208 gram 2,2-dimethyl-l, 3-propandiol (2 mol) og 230 gram decandicarboxylsyre (l mol) i 1 liter toluen og med 6 gram natriumbisulfat som katalysa-10 tor. Derefter tilsættes 252 gram syreblanding A (2 ækvivalenter + 10 % overskud), og forestringen føres til ende.
Den dannede komplekse ester har følgende egenskaber kinematisk viskositet ved 38° C = 79 cSt, ved 99° C = 9,8 cSt, viskositetsindeks = 111, størkningspunkt ifølge DIN 51.583 = -15 51° C, flammepunkt ifølge DIN 51.584 = 234° C.
EKSEMPEL 6
Ligesom i eksempel 1 oxideres cyklohexan, reaktionsproduktet vaskes med vandig natronlud, og ekstrakten syrnes med svovlsyre. Den syrnede opløsning ekstraheres nu med methylethylke-20 ton, opløsningsmidlet fjernes vidtgående fra ekstrakten, og resten destilleres ved 3 mm vakuum og indtil 180° C damptemperatur. Det opnåede destillat har et syretal på 401 og er syreblandingen B.
Ved hjælp af den i eksempel 1 angivne fremgangsmåde forestres 25 136 gram pentaerythritol (l mol), 670 gram syreblanding B (4 ækvivalenter + 20 % overskud) i 500 ml toluen med 3,5 gram p-toluensulfonsyre som katalysator. Der opnås en olie med følgende egenskaber: kinematisk viskositet ved 38° C = 60,8 cSt, viskositetsindeks = 125, størkningspunkt ifølge DIN 51.583 = 30 46° C, flammepunkt ifølge DIN 51.584 = 236° C.
Claims (2)
- 20 Patentkrav
- 1. Smøremiddel på basis af en syntetisk esterolie af polyva-lente, primære alkoholer med 2-20 carbonatomer og forgrenede monoalkoholer med 3-18 carbonatomer som alkoholkomponenter, og monocarboxylsyrer som syrekomponenter, kende-25 tegnet ved, at syrekomponenterne består af fortrinsvis af monocarboxylsyrer bestående syreblandinger, der dannes som biprodukt ved oxidationen af en cykLoalkan med 6-12 carbonatomer med en oxygenholdig gas til dannelse af cykloalkanol/-on.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1332870 | 1970-09-07 | ||
| CH1332870 | 1970-09-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK144036B true DK144036B (da) | 1981-11-23 |
| DK144036C DK144036C (da) | 1982-05-03 |
Family
ID=4391469
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK436871A DK144036C (da) | 1970-09-07 | 1971-09-06 | Smoeremiddel |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5035991B1 (da) |
| KR (1) | KR790000105B1 (da) |
| AT (1) | AT312779B (da) |
| BE (1) | BE772225A (da) |
| BG (1) | BG19191A3 (da) |
| CA (1) | CA954850A (da) |
| CH (1) | CH545762A (da) |
| CS (1) | CS166032B2 (da) |
| DE (1) | DE2144252C3 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK144036C (da) |
| ES (1) | ES394826A1 (da) |
| FR (1) | FR2106349B1 (da) |
| GB (1) | GB1356405A (da) |
| HU (1) | HU172801B (da) |
| IE (1) | IE35597B1 (da) |
| NL (1) | NL152598B (da) |
| PL (1) | PL87254B1 (da) |
| RO (1) | RO70130A (da) |
| SU (1) | SU561519A3 (da) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014047043A1 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-27 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Materials comprising nvr polyols |
-
1970
- 1970-09-07 CH CH1332870A patent/CH545762A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1971
- 1971-08-02 RO RO7167871A patent/RO70130A/ro unknown
- 1971-08-05 GB GB3685971A patent/GB1356405A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-09-03 CA CA122,070A patent/CA954850A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-09-03 DE DE2144252A patent/DE2144252C3/de not_active Expired
- 1971-09-04 BG BG018506A patent/BG19191A3/xx unknown
- 1971-09-06 CS CS6345A patent/CS166032B2/cs unknown
- 1971-09-06 KR KR7101256A patent/KR790000105B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1971-09-06 ES ES394826A patent/ES394826A1/es not_active Expired
- 1971-09-06 NL NL717112233A patent/NL152598B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-09-06 PL PL1971150373A patent/PL87254B1/pl unknown
- 1971-09-06 IE IE1131/71A patent/IE35597B1/xx unknown
- 1971-09-06 BE BE772225A patent/BE772225A/xx unknown
- 1971-09-06 HU HU71IE00000474A patent/HU172801B/hu unknown
- 1971-09-06 DK DK436871A patent/DK144036C/da active
- 1971-09-06 AT AT772571A patent/AT312779B/de active
- 1971-09-06 JP JP46068823A patent/JPS5035991B1/ja active Pending
- 1971-09-06 FR FR7132145A patent/FR2106349B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-12-31 SU SU1732565A patent/SU561519A3/ru active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SU561519A3 (ru) | 1977-06-05 |
| HU172801B (hu) | 1978-12-28 |
| IE35597L (en) | 1972-03-07 |
| BG19191A3 (bg) | 1975-04-30 |
| DE2144252C3 (de) | 1979-02-15 |
| FR2106349B1 (da) | 1974-03-15 |
| NL152598B (nl) | 1977-03-15 |
| FR2106349A1 (da) | 1972-05-05 |
| DE2144252B2 (de) | 1978-06-15 |
| DK144036C (da) | 1982-05-03 |
| IE35597B1 (en) | 1976-03-31 |
| AT312779B (de) | 1974-01-25 |
| KR790000105B1 (en) | 1979-03-15 |
| JPS5035991B1 (da) | 1975-11-20 |
| PL87254B1 (da) | 1976-06-30 |
| CS166032B2 (da) | 1976-01-29 |
| GB1356405A (en) | 1974-06-12 |
| BE772225A (fr) | 1972-01-17 |
| CH545762A (da) | 1974-02-15 |
| ES394826A1 (es) | 1974-03-01 |
| CA954850A (en) | 1974-09-17 |
| NL7112233A (da) | 1972-03-09 |
| RO70130A (ro) | 1980-12-30 |
| DE2144252A1 (da) | 1972-03-09 |
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