DK143055B - DELIVERY VALVE TO A UNDER PRESSURE CONTAINER - Google Patents

DELIVERY VALVE TO A UNDER PRESSURE CONTAINER Download PDF

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Publication number
DK143055B
DK143055B DK226672AA DK226672A DK143055B DK 143055 B DK143055 B DK 143055B DK 226672A A DK226672A A DK 226672AA DK 226672 A DK226672 A DK 226672A DK 143055 B DK143055 B DK 143055B
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DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
valve
valve body
gasket
opening
ribs
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Application number
DK226672AA
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Danish (da)
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DK143055C (en
Inventor
J R Focht
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Precision Valve Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Precision Valve Corp filed Critical Precision Valve Corp
Publication of DK143055B publication Critical patent/DK143055B/en
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Publication of DK143055C publication Critical patent/DK143055C/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/44Valves specially adapted therefor; Regulating devices
    • B65D83/48Lift valves, e.g. operated by push action
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/4238With cleaner, lubrication added to fluid or liquid sealing at valve interface
    • Y10T137/4245Cleaning or steam sterilizing
    • Y10T137/4273Mechanical cleaning
    • Y10T137/4336Cleaning member reciprocates in passage

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Description

U3055 Ο ίU3055 Ο ί

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en udleveringsventil til en under tryk stående beholder, hvilken ventil består af et ventilhus, et ventillegeme aksialt bevægeligt i forhold til huset mellem åben og lukket 5 stilling og med en udstrømningskanal stående i forbindelse med ventilhusets indre og med en ventilåbning strækkende sig radialt fra ventillegemets yderside til udstrømningskanalen, og hvor en ringformet eftergivende tætningspakning har en central åbning med en omløbende 10 væg til dannelse af en tætningsflade omsluttende ventillegemet og lukkende ventilåbningen, når ventillegemet er i lukkestillingen.The present invention relates to a dispensing valve for a pressurized container, which valve consists of a valve housing, a valve body axially movable relative to the housing between open and closed position and with an outflow channel communicating with the interior of the valve housing and with a valve opening extending radially from the outside of the valve body to the outflow channel, and wherein an annular resilient seal gasket has a central aperture with a circumferential 10 wall to form a sealing surface surrounding the valve body and closing the valve opening when the valve body is in the closing position.

Ventiler af denne art anvendes til aerosolbeholdere, som indeholder et forråd af et produkt, der skal udleveres, 15 samt et drivmiddel i flydende form, begge indesluttet i den under tryk stående beholder. Ventilen aktiveres ved en bevægelse af ventillegemet i forhold til beholderen, ved hvilken bevægelse en åbning frigives, så at der opstår en forbindelsesvej fra beholderen til en udstrømningskanel. Pro-20 duktet og drivmidlet tvinges frem af denne forbindelsesvej af drivmidlets tryk inde i beholderen.Valves of this kind are used for aerosol containers which contain a supply of a product to be dispensed, as well as a propellant in liquid form, both enclosed in the pressurized container. The valve is actuated by a movement of the valve body relative to the container, in which movement an opening is released so that a connecting path from the container to an outflow channel is created. The product and propellant are forced by this path of pressure by the propellant pressure inside the container.

På grund af gensidig opløselighed er produktet tilbøjeligt til at blande sig med drivmidlet, og uopløselige dele af visse produkter og dele af partikel-25 formede eller pulveriserede produkter er da tilbøjelige til at udfældes og samle sig på nogle steder langs vejen, så at åbningen tilstoppes og senere udstrømning formindskes, eller dele af produkter sætter sig på de tættende flader og hindrer fuldstændig og korrekt tætning af ven-30 tilen, så at den som drivmiddel anvendte gas ukontrollerbart siver ud, og drivmiddelbeholdningen slipper op i utide. Et tidligere forslag til løsning af sidstnævnte problem i forbindelse med aerosolbeholderventiler er at tætningen tilvejebringes ved, at en del af ventil-35 legemet bringes i anlæg mod tætningspakningens underside, er beskrevet i britisk patentskrift nr. 1.216.655.Due to mutual solubility, the product tends to mix with the propellant, and insoluble portions of certain products and portions of particulate or powdered products tend to precipitate and accumulate at some points along the pathway so that the opening closes and later outflow is reduced, or parts of products settle on the sealing surfaces and prevent complete and proper sealing of the valve so that the gas used as a propellant uncontrollably seeps out and the propellant stock escapes outwardly. An earlier proposal to solve the latter problem of aerosol reservoir valves is that the seal is provided by bringing a portion of the valve body into contact with the underside of the seal gasket, described in British Patent Specification No. 1,216,655.

En anden ventil af samme art har tre ringformede ribber, 0 2 143055 som er koncentriske dels indbyrdes, dels med ventilens midterakse, og indrettet til at trykke opad mod tætningspakningens underside og tilvejebringe tætning, når ventilen befinder sig i lukkestilling. Under lukningen le-5 des ansamlede partikler af produkt i fast form til siden og optages i rillerne mellem ribberne, og da tætningen sker mellem ribbernes toppe og pakningen, påvirkes den i begyndelsen ikke af tilstedeværelsen af sådanne partikler, men efterhånden, som flere og flere 10 partikler samler sig i rillerne, kan deres nettorum-fang begynde at få en uheldig virkning på tætningens effektivitet.Another valve of the same type has three annular ribs, which are concentric partly to one another and partly to the central axis of the valve, and arranged to push upwards towards the underside of the seal gasket and provide sealing when the valve is in the closing position. During closure, accumulated particles of solid product are laid aside and taken up in the grooves between the ribs, and as the sealing occurs between the tops of the ribs and the gasket, it is initially not affected by the presence of such particles, but as more and more If 10 particles accumulate in the grooves, their net space trapping may begin to have an adverse effect on the efficiency of the seal.

Det er foreliggende opfindelses formål at gøre det muligt at undgå udsivning fra under tryk stående aero-15 solbeholdere på en måde, der er i mindre grad udsat for nedsat effektivitet på grund af materialeansamling. Til dette formål er en ventil af den indledningsvis angivne art ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved i det mindste én ringformet ribbe omkring ventillegemet og beliggende 20 i ventilhuset inden for ventilåbningen og udformet på den del af ventillegemet, som er omgivet af tætningspakningen, således at ribben er i indgreb med pakningens tætningsflade, når ventilen er i lukkestilling.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to enable leakage from pressurized aerosol containers in a manner which is less subject to reduced efficiency due to material accumulation. For this purpose, a valve of the type initially described according to the invention is characterized by at least one annular rib around the valve body and located in the valve housing within the valve opening and formed on the part of the valve body which is surrounded by the sealing gasket so that the rib is in the engaging with the gasket sealing surface when the valve is in the closing position.

Ved bevægelse af ventillegemet under ventilens 25 oplukning vil der herved først foregå en aksial bevægelse af ventillegemet i forhold til pakningen, før den radialt forløbende ventilåbning frigives, og under denne første relative bevægelse vil ventillegemets ribbe.eller ribber da udføre en skrabende virkning på pakningens 3ø tætningsflade og løsne eventuelt efterladte produktre ster. Under den fortsatte bevægelse af ventillegemet vil pakningen tilsidst krænges så meget nedad og bort fra ventillegemet, at den radialt forløbende ventilåbning frigives, så at udstrømningen af produktet indle- 35 des·In this case, when the valve body moves during the opening of the valve 25, an axial movement of the valve body relative to the gasket will take place before the radially extending valve opening is released, and during this first relative movement the ribs or ribs of the valve body will then exert a scraping effect on the gasket 3. sealing surface and loosen any leftover products. During the continued movement of the valve body, the gasket will eventually be pushed so far down and away from the valve body that the radially extending valve opening is released to initiate the outflow of the product.

Dersom ventilen er af den art, hvor ventillegemet har en opstående hul spindeldel indeholdende udstrømningskanalen, en cylindrisk del med mindre diame- 143055 0 3 ter end spindeldelen og en konisk del tilspidsende fra spindeldelen til den cylindriske del, kan ventilen ifølge opfindelsen hensigtsmæssigt udføres på den måde, at ventilåbningen er placeret i den koniske del, og at ribben 5 eller ribberne er placeret på den cylindriske del. Under ventillegemets aksiale bevægelse vil den koniske del forblive i kontakt med pakningen et længere stykke, før pakningens krængning frigiver ventilåbningen i nævnte del.If the valve is of the type in which the valve body has an upright hollow spindle portion containing the outflow channel, a cylindrical portion of smaller diameter than the spindle portion, and a conical portion tapering from the spindle portion to the cylindrical portion, the valve of the invention may conveniently be performed on the such that the valve opening is located in the tapered portion and the ribs 5 or ribs are located on the cylindrical portion. During the axial movement of the valve body, the tapered portion will remain in contact with the gasket for a longer period before the heel of the gasket releases the valve opening in said portion.

10 Den tilstræbte skrabning af pakningens inder- flade kan ifølge opfindelsen yderligere forbedres ved, at ribben eller ribberne har en skarp yderkant.10 According to the invention, the desired scraping of the inner surface of the gasket can be further improved by the fact that the ribs or ribs have a sharp outer edge.

Opfindelsen skal i det følgende forklares nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, som viser en udfø-15 relsesform for ventilen ifølge opfindelsen, idet fig. 1 viser et delvist snit gennem en ventil i lukkestilling, og fig. 2 på tilsvarende måde den samme ventil under aktivering, idet ventilåbningen er drejet 90° til 20 siden fra den i fig. 1 viste stilling.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows an embodiment of the valve according to the invention. 1 shows a partial section through a valve in the closing position, and FIG. 2 is similarly the same valve during activation, the valve opening being turned 90 ° to the 20 side from the one shown in FIG. 1.

Fig. 1 og 2 viser et ventilaggregat 10, som er indsat og ved krympning fastgjort i en sokkeldel 11 af et skålformet monteringslukke for en ikke vist, under tryk stående beholder. Ventilaggregatet 10 har et dykrør 25 12, en nippel 13 til optagelse af dykrøret, et ventilhus 14, en skruefjeder 15 og et ventillegeme 16. En elastisk, ringformet pakning 17 omslutter et parti af ventillegemet 16. Ventillegemet 16 har en opstående, hul ventilspindel 19, under denne en konisk tilspidset del 20 med en åbning 30 21, derefter en tynd, cylindrisk del 22 med en omgivende, udragende, ringformet ribbe 23, og endelig en nederste del 24, som er indrettet til optagelse af skruefjederen 15. En skulder 25 er dannet på det sted, hvor det tynde parti 22 og ventillegemet 16's nederste del 24 mødes.FIG. 1 and 2 show a valve assembly 10 which is inserted and shrunk into a socket portion 11 of a bowl-shaped mounting closure for a non-pressurized container. The valve assembly 10 has a plunger tube 25 12, a nipple 13 for receiving the plunger tube, a valve housing 14, a screw spring 15, and a valve body 16. An elastic annular gasket 17 encloses a portion of the valve body 16. The valve body 16 has an upright hollow valve spindle 19 , below which is a tapered portion 20 with an opening 30 21, then a thin, cylindrical portion 22 with a surrounding protruding annular rib 23, and finally a lower portion 24 adapted to receive the screw spring 15. A shoulder 25 is formed at the point where the thin portion 22 and the lower portion 24 of the valve body 16 meet.

35 Når ventilen befinder sig i sin i fig. 1 viste lukkestilling, ligger skulderen 25 under fjederen 15's påvirkning an mod pakningen 17's underside til dannelse af en tæt- 4 14305535 When the valve is in its position in FIG. 1, the shoulder 25, under the influence of the spring 15, abuts the underside of the gasket 17 to form a sealing.

OISLAND

ningsflade, og pakningen 17's indvendige kant trykkes fast mod ventillegemet 16's modsvarende overfladepartier, deriblandt den af ribben 23 omgivne flade 22, til dannelse af den primære tætning.and the inner edge of the gasket 17 is pressed against the corresponding surface portions of the valve body 16, including the surface 22 surrounded by the rib 23, to form the primary seal.

5 Ventilen aktiveres ved, at der på ventilspin delen 19 udøves et nedadrettet tryk, som er tilstrækkeligt til at overvinde fjederen 15's opadrettede kraft.5 The valve is actuated by exerting a downward pressure on the valve spindle portion 19 sufficient to overcome the upward force of the spring 15.

Idet ventillegemet 16 bevæger sig nedad, bøjer det tilspidsende parti 20 pakningen 17's indvendige kan ned-10 ad og bevirker, at den krænges bort fra åbningen 21 og til sidst frigiver åbningen 21 mod det under tryk stående produkt i beholderen. Under åbningsprocessens indledende del vil skulderen 25's berøring med undersiden af pakningen 17 ophøre, og pakningen 17's inderkant vil 15 delvis være krænget bort fra ventillegemet 16.As the valve body 16 moves downward, the tapered portion 20 bends down the inner can of the gasket 17 and causes it to pivot away from the opening 21 and eventually release the opening 21 toward the pressurized product in the container. During the opening portion of the opening process, the contact of the shoulder 25 with the underside of the gasket 17 will cease, and the inner edge of the gasket 17 will be partially pivoted away from the valve body 16.

Det er klart, at det nederste parti af inderkanten først krænges bort fra ventillegemet. Da åbningen 21 er anbragt højere oppe på ventillegemet end i de fleste ventiler af denne art, er det slag, som er 20 nødvendigt for at trykke pakningen 17's inderkant tilstrækkeligt langt ned til, at åbningen 21 frigives mod beholderens under tryk stående indre, noget længere end ellers nødvendigt. Betydningen af dette længere slag vil fremgå af den følgende beskrivelse.It is clear that the lower portion of the inner edge is first pivoted away from the valve body. Since the aperture 21 is located higher on the valve body than in most valves of this kind, the stroke 20 required to push the inner edge of the gasket 17 far enough to allow the aperture 21 to release against the interior of the pressurized container is somewhat longer. than otherwise necessary. The significance of this longer battle will be apparent from the following description.

25 Under åbningsprocessen bevæger ventillegemet 16 sig simpelt hen nedad, mens punkter på pakningen 17's indvendige, tættende flade både bevæger sig nedad og radialt bort fra ventillegemet og desuden i nogen grad sammentrykkes. Denne afbøjning af pakningen bevir-30 ker, at pakningens indvendige tætningsflade bevæger sig i forhold til ventillegemet 16 og dets dermed sammenhængende ribbe 23. Med andre ord bevæger et givet punkt på pakningens tætningsflade sig under åbningsprocessen et kortere stykke nedad end det overfor liggende punkt 35 på ventillegemet 16. Der vil derfor, idet ribben 23 bevæger sig nedad, foregå en lodret relativ bevægelse mellem ribben og den omgivende indvendige tætningsflade 143055 0 5 af pakningen 17. Denne relative bevægelse vil søge at løsne produktrester, som findes på ventillegemet eller på pakningens tætningsflader. Hvis produktresten optræder i form af agglomerationer eller klumper, vil ribben 5 23 søge at pulverisere klumperne under lukkebevægelsen og løsne dem fra tætningsfladen.During the opening process, the valve body 16 simply moves downward, while points on the inner, sealing surface of the gasket 17 both move downward and radially away from the valve body and are also compressed to some extent. This deflection of the gasket causes the inner sealing surface of the gasket to move relative to the valve body 16 and its associated ribs 23. In other words, a given point on the gasket surface of the gasket moves a shorter distance downward than the opposite point 35. Therefore, as the rib 23 moves downward, there will be a vertical relative movement between the rib and the surrounding inner sealing surface 14 of the seal 17. This relative movement will seek to loosen product residues found on the valve body or on the seal. sealing surfaces. If the product residue occurs in the form of agglomerations or lumps, the ribs 5 23 will seek to pulverize the lumps during the closing movement and release them from the sealing surface.

Da åbningen 21 ikke frilægges i væsentligt omfang, før ventillegemet 16 næsten har fuldført sin nedadgående bevægelse, vil partikelformet materiale, som 10 er blevet løsnet på grund af ribbens og den indvendige pakningskants samvirken, frit kunne falde tilbage i beholderen. På denne måde sikrer det længere slag, som er nødvendigt forud for åbningen og efter produktstrømmens standsning under lukning, at det løsnede materiale får 15 mulighed for at falde og komme af vejen og ikke vil blive ført op til andre tætningsflader eller til ventilåbningen,.Since the opening 21 is not substantially exposed until the valve body 16 has almost completed its downward movement, particulate material 10 which has been loosened due to the interaction of the rib and the inner gasket edge can freely fall back into the container. In this way, the longer strokes necessary prior to opening and after stopping the product flow during closing ensure that the loosened material is allowed to fall and get out of the way and will not be led to other sealing surfaces or to the valve opening.

Mange ribbetværsnit er mulige til gennemførelse af opfindelsen, men det har vist sig særlig effek-20 tivt at benytte en trekantet ribbe med en basisbredde på 0,08636 mm og en højde på 0,0762 mm og anbragt på et til partier 22 svarende tyndt cylindrisk parti med en diameter på ca. 3,175 mm.Many rib cross sections are possible for carrying out the invention, but it has been found particularly effective to use a triangular rib with a base width of 0.08636 mm and a height of 0.0762 mm and placed on a thin cylindrical corresponding to portions 22 portion with a diameter of approx. 3.175 mm.

Dersom det ønskes, kan ventilen have mere end 25 §n ribbe.If desired, the valve may have more than 25 §n ribs.

DK226672A 1971-05-07 1972-05-05 DELIVERY VALVE TO A UNDER PRESSURE CONTAINER DK143055C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14126871A 1971-05-07 1971-05-07
US14126871 1971-05-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK143055B true DK143055B (en) 1981-03-23
DK143055C DK143055C (en) 1981-11-02

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ID=22494934

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DK226672A DK143055C (en) 1971-05-07 1972-05-05 DELIVERY VALVE TO A UNDER PRESSURE CONTAINER

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US3773064A (en)
JP (1) JPS5247165B1 (en)
AT (1) AT320517B (en)
AU (1) AU461072B2 (en)
BE (1) BE783118A (en)
BR (1) BR7202786D0 (en)
CA (1) CA982095A (en)
CH (1) CH545935A (en)
DE (1) DE2221190C2 (en)
DK (1) DK143055C (en)
ES (1) ES402239A1 (en)
FI (1) FI53666C (en)
FR (1) FR2139274A5 (en)
GB (1) GB1356492A (en)
IT (1) IT959630B (en)
NL (1) NL167649C (en)
NO (1) NO133693C (en)
SE (1) SE373300B (en)
ZA (1) ZA722637B (en)

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DK155233C (en) * 1986-10-14 1989-07-10 Kosan Teknova As CYLINDER VALVE
ES2149050B1 (en) * 1996-05-24 2001-05-01 Reyde Sa IMPROVEMENTS IN THE OPENING AND CLOSURE VALVES OF THE LIQUID OUTLET BOCKS CONTAINED IN HIGH CAPACITY CONTAINERS.
US5975378A (en) * 1998-06-09 1999-11-02 Precision Valve Corporation Aerosol powder valve
DE19850146A1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2000-05-11 Coster Tecnologie Speciali Spa Valve for dispensing pressurized liquids
US6394321B1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2002-05-28 Precision Valve Corporation Aerosol powder valve
US8580725B2 (en) 2006-03-22 2013-11-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Aerosol product comprising a foaming concentrate composition comprising particulate materials
DE102008051888B4 (en) * 2008-10-16 2011-02-03 C. Ehrensperger Ag Valve for a container for delivery of pressurized fluid
FR2996827B1 (en) 2012-10-12 2014-10-31 Rexam Healthcare La Verpillier DOSING VALVE FOR DISTRIBUTING AN AEROSOL
FR2993250B1 (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-08-01 Rexam Healthcare La Verpillier DOSING VALVE FOR DISTRIBUTING AN AEROSOL
CN107405292B (en) 2015-03-24 2021-07-13 宝洁公司 Foam compositions, aerosol products and methods of using the same for improving skin sensory benefits
EP3515564B1 (en) 2016-09-19 2023-05-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Foam compositions, aerosol products, and methods of using the same to improve sensory benefits to the skin
EP3515397B1 (en) 2016-09-23 2021-06-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Stable foam compositions and methods of using the same to provide enhanced sensory and visual benefits to skin
US20180085294A1 (en) 2016-09-23 2018-03-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Foam Compositions, Aerosol Products, and Methods of Using the Same

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US2706660A (en) * 1952-10-23 1955-04-19 Carl W Johnson Dispenser for pressurized fluid containers
US2932432A (en) * 1955-12-30 1960-04-12 Risdon Mfg Co Metering type aerosol spray dispenser
US3048307A (en) * 1959-08-24 1962-08-07 Michel David Daniel Device for dispensing aerated products
US3289949A (en) * 1964-07-09 1966-12-06 Geigy Chem Corp Pushbutton dispenser for products in the fluid state
US3429331A (en) * 1965-03-24 1969-02-25 Heurtey Sa Needle valves,notably for direct-flow lock-chambers
US3352464A (en) * 1966-06-15 1967-11-14 Revlon Pressure fluid metering and dispensing container valves
US3353873A (en) * 1966-07-11 1967-11-21 Dietert Co Harry W Valve structure for bulk materials
GB1216655A (en) * 1966-12-23 1970-12-23 Goddard & Sons Ltd J Improvements in pressurised dispensing containers
US3615042A (en) * 1968-10-15 1971-10-26 Geigy Chem Corp Plug valve assembly for fluid product dispenser having a stem configuration for easy manipulation and good sealing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA722637B (en) 1973-01-31
FI53666C (en) 1978-07-10
AU4154972A (en) 1973-12-20
BR7202786D0 (en) 1973-05-31
ES402239A1 (en) 1975-03-16
IT959630B (en) 1973-11-10
NO133693C (en) 1976-06-16
AU461072B2 (en) 1975-05-15
GB1356492A (en) 1974-06-12
AT320517B (en) 1975-02-10
CA982095A (en) 1976-01-20
US3773064A (en) 1973-11-20
DE2221190A1 (en) 1972-11-16
SE373300B (en) 1975-02-03
JPS5247165B1 (en) 1977-11-30
FR2139274A5 (en) 1973-01-05
NL167649B (en) 1981-08-17
NL167649C (en) 1982-01-18
CH545935A (en) 1974-02-15
NO133693B (en) 1976-03-08
BE783118A (en) 1972-09-01
NL7205621A (en) 1972-11-09
DE2221190C2 (en) 1985-08-14
DK143055C (en) 1981-11-02
FI53666B (en) 1978-03-31

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