DK141864B - LIFTING AND TIPPING EQUIPMENT, NECESSARY FOR VEHICLES - Google Patents

Description

(11) PUBLICATION MANUAL 1 86½ (even DENMARK ™ lntc | i? G6 FP 7/22 (21) Application No 5155/75 (22) Filed on 20 Sep 197 ^ 5 (23) Living day 20 Sep 1973 (44) The note presented and submitted to the public on 7 · Jul · 1 98Ο

DIRECTORATE OF

PATENT AND TRADEMARKET (30) Priority begwet from it

23 · 8ep. 1972, 2246868, DE

(71) KARL MENGELE & SOHHNE MACHINENFAJBRIK UNDER EISENGIESSEREI, Guenz «burg-Danube, DE.

(72) Inventor: Blaz Santic, Goethestr. 21, 8872 Burgau, DE: Alois Mengele, Imraelmannstr. 887Ο Guenzburg, DE.

(74) Proxy during the proceedings:

Civil Engineer M. Gregersen.

(54) Lifting and tilting apparatus, in particular for vehicles.

The invention relates to a lifting and tilting apparatus of the kind specified in the preamble of the patent claim. The load that such appliances take up can be, for example, changing containers, pallets or cable reels.

In a lifting and tilting device of this kind known from French Patent No. 1,324,375, the swingarm pair is mounted jointed on brackets mounted on the front part of the side beams of a trailer in such a way that the apparatus is supported in the folded state. on the sidebars parallel to these. Similarly, the swing arms take the form of an angular barbell. The support arm has on the middle part support means for changing containers equipped with frames.

141864 2 When lifting shifting containers on the ground are to be lifted, the lifting and tilting apparatus is collapsed and the rod system of the apparatus, together with the support frame, is brought under carrier for the switching container. Then, the carrier frame with the shift container is lifted up for transport. The support means found on the side and at the center of the support frame are engaged.

With this known lifting and tilting apparatus, it is a disadvantage that, in addition to the hydraulic lifting mechanism 10, in addition to the hydraulic lifting mechanisms, hydraulic tipping mechanisms for lifting the shifting containers from the ground must also be found. This operation assumes that the lifting and tilting mechanisms get an absolutely corresponding movement and a particularly precise correspondence between the swingarm elements 15 and corresponding expensive control mechanisms, eg hydraulic quantities, is required, and in addition, attention is required during operation. You have to be very careful not to start the tipping course unintentionally.

Furthermore, the requirement for uniform movement is contrary to the fact that the hydraulic tilting mechanisms, as they are performed by said known lifting and tilting devices, must be dimensioned larger than the hydraulic lifting mechanisms.

If, for solving the said problem, one would dim. sioning the hydraulic lifting mechanisms as large as the 25 hydraulic tipping mechanisms, it would be difficult to place all the necessary large cylinders in, for example, a vehicle, or one would have to use very heavy and expensive cylinders with telescopic pistons, but these would not again without could also be used with exactly the same movement. Apart from this, at the known lifting and tilting apparatus, it is not possible at all to set any desired tilt height.

The known apparatus therefore has a very limited utility, and as a result it is also not possible to lift shift containers, pallets or similar articles 35 with different carrier heights, and finally, even distribution of the load is unconditionally required.

Apart from this, vehicles with such a lifting and tilting device would hardly be allowed in traffic, since the changing containers could be deposited unintentionally while driving during the failure of, for example, the hydraulic lifting mechanisms, for example as a result of loss of oil. .

In order to maintain the otherwise very simple construction method 5 of said known lifting and tilting apparatus, one could think of a fixing of the joints for solving the said problem. However, this is made more difficult by the large moments that the joints must absorb in this way of construction when the load is lifted to the roadmap.

10 Furthermore, due to the unilateral support of the support frame, oscillations of the uplifted change tank during transport can hardly be avoided, so that, for this reason, there are also limited limits on the use of vehicles with lifting and tilting devices as known.

15 It is also already known from German Patent Specification No. 1,904,830 to carry lifting and tipping devices on vehicles that are mechanically adjustable at multiple tipping heights, using a lever system consisting of a lifting scissors. In this way, the scissor ele- rents found on one of the sides of the vehicle must be slotted in the corresponding support beam on the side and in a frame frame beam also on the side and the guide may be locked in some resting points. The scissor elements lying on the other vehicle side are connected to the frame frame beams and the supporting beams.

25 For tilting of the lifted shifting container, the frame is mounted jointed as an auxiliary frame on the vehicle chassis and on the other hand by means of a resting connection held on the chassis. Therefore, a great deal is required in terms of controls and operations.

30 Due to the required uniform movement of the scissor rod system, only a few bars can be placed for locking. An infinite adjustment for different transport and tilting heights of the beams can therefore not be achieved. Furthermore, in the known apparatus, the scissor rod system on both sides of the vehicle 35 can easily be pushed apart and damaged by overloaded containers. If a U-shaped support frame were to be used, for example, a twist could occur, whereby the wear guides would go heavy, which can also lead to disturbances and wear. In addition, the changing containers of such a lifting and tilting device must be self-supporting so that they become heavy in relation to the payload and thus also place great financial demands.

5. With both of the lifting and tilting devices mentioned above, it is not possible to superimpose lifting and tilting courses on each other whenever desired.

In the first described apparatus, this can only be achieved by means of particularly demanding indication and control systems.

In addition, for vehicles with a lifting and tilting device of the latter type, also known from German Publication No. 20 50 052, the connection of the loads to the lifting device is problematic. Usually the loads that f.

15 items consist of switching containers, with carrying beams on the side for connection to the lifting device. In order to connect the lifting arms of the lifting apparatus by lifting with the supporting beams on the switching containers, these are provided with pockets on one container side with which they comprise projections located below the supporting beams 20. On the other container side, the lifting arms are provided with rollers which, together with the supporting beams, form a non-releasable shooting guide, by means of which coupling curve movements of the lifting device are translated into an equal position.

Since such connecting and engaging means must be placed in the same manner and with the same dimensions on each individual container, this solution becomes expensive, moreover, the containers themselves must also be designed so stable that they are capable of accommodating the initials on both sides. movement forces. If, on the other hand, interchangeable carriers are used, they must be equipped at different loads in a different manner that is cumbersome and time consuming.

During operation, in the case of lifting and tilting devices of the type described, it may occur, especially in the event of unevenness in the floor or ground, that the changing containers are not properly gripped by their projections, but for example only on one side. With a unilateral lift, there is, among other things, a tipping hazard that can cause damage to the vehicle and be dangerous to persons.

In addition, the loads of such lifting and tilting devices are only tiltable within limited heights * Combined lifting and tilting movements cannot be carried out at all, so that the operating area of such lifting and tilting devices with scissor-like lifting mechanism, as they are also known from German presentation 5 Session No. 1 904 830 and from German Publication Nos. 1 905 164 and 1 905 665, severely limited. In addition, the lifting mechanism, usually mounted on an auxiliary frame, is held partly in a pivot bracket (pivot) and partly in a resting mechanism on the vehicle frame. The 10 two hydraulic cylinders located in the lifting mechanism can, in the engaging position, as already noted, only carry out lifting movements. To initiate a tilt, the auxiliary frame must be removed from the drive frame, the lifting mechanism having to be pre-arranged.

15 Equally complicated is also a sale and a recording of changing containers. In this way, the lifting mechanism, for example with rollers, must be brought into the guide guides at a certain parallel container height before a changing container can be deposited or taken up. In particular, when picking up the shifting containers, an accurate adjustment is required, as otherwise the rollers cannot intervene in the sliding guides. In the event of an uneven run or an uneven floor or ground surface, on the other hand, one of the scissor ends may not intervene, and this requires time to rectify this. In addition, if a uniform course of the scissor bar system is to be secured on both sides, a special twisting rig must be made.

By another lifting mechanism known from German Patent Specification No. 1 047 638, switching containers cannot be accommodated at all in a position parallel to the floor or ground.

30 The change tanks must be inclined about 8 ° to the rear so that the vehicle is not at all usable for uneven ground, for example for deep shifting containers.

This also applies to an English patent no.

1 228 106 known device in which only one can lift shift container loads parallel to the floor or ground, if one wants to take an unfavorable lever angle for the lifting mechanism and corresponding relatively large sized and particularly powerful hydraulic cylinders in the purchase.

141864 6

Also, in these embodiments, the switching containers can also be tilted only to a certain height, which is always the same, which severely limits the scope of such lifting and tilting mechanisms. The present invention aims to provide a lifting and tilting apparatus of the kind in question. which makes less demands, is stable and can be controlled in any desired lifting and tilting position and is retained there, and by which changing containers or other objects of different sizes and types can also be used.

. This is achieved according to the invention in that the apparatus is designed as specified in the characterizing part of the patent claim.

In this embodiment, the lifting and tilting device receives the advantages of each of the two previously known lifting and tilting devices mentioned above, without having the disadvantages mentioned above, and the lifting and tilting apparatus thereby becomes surprisingly simple and gets a versatile application.

The invention is further explained with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the lifting and tilting apparatus of the invention for a vehicle; FIG. Figure 2 is a side view of the vehicle in a position for receiving changing containers; 3 shows the vehicle from the side and in the lifting position, fig. 4 shows the vehicle in a highly tilted position, fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the lifting and tilting apparatus in the recording position; FIG. 6 the same in the raised position, FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the apparatus, also in the raised position; FIG. 8 is the same in tilt position; FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the apparatus in the recording position, 35 fig · 10 same in the raised position, fig. 11 the vehicle of FIG. 1 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the support frame; FIG. 12 the vehicle of FIG. 1, but also here with another embodiment of the support frame, seen in perspective, fig. Fig. 13 is a side view of a fifth embodiment of the lifting and tilting apparatus, with a second embodiment of the support frame and a shifting container-working machine combination; 14 the same apparatus as in FIG. 13, but with another switch container-machine combination; FIG. Fig. 15 shows a sixth embodiment of the apparatus with a second embodiment of a support frame for accommodating a number of changing containers; 16 shows a seventh embodiment of the apparatus with a different drive mechanism; FIG. 17 shows an eighth embodiment of the apparatus for tilting positions of approx. 90 °, and FIG. 18 same in the tilted position.

In all the embodiments of the lifting and tilting apparatus shown in the drawing, this is arranged on a trailer. The reference numerals applicable to vehicle parts in FIG. 1, applies in principle also to the following figures.

20 Parts which are different are designated consecutively with the same reference numerals + 100, + 200, etc.

The driving frame for a single-axle trailer consists essentially of a frame 1, a driving frame 2 and a drawbar 3. The frame 1 is U-shaped. For a transverse beam Si frame, si-25 deb beams 6 and 7 connect at right angles. 10 is also a U-shaped support frame to whose cross beam 11 joins longitudinal beams 12 and 13.

15 and 16 denote pivot arms, with their upper free ends, the joint being held in fork-like bearing blocks 17 and 18 by means of adjustable link pins 19 and 20.

The other two free ends of the pivot arms 15 and 16 have forks 15a and 16a and are pivotally pivoted on pivot lever weights 21 and 22 by means of pins 23 and are mounted at their upper end on two bracket bearing blocks 8 and 9 with pivots 24, 35 mounted on side bars 6 and 7. In addition to the pins 24, pivot wheels 25 and 26 are pivotally mounted, which are firmly connected to the pivot arm weights 21 and 22, and into which piles 29 and 30, pivotable about pivots 27 and 28, engage underneath. 8 U1864 effect of springs not shown. 31 denotes a rope pull to pull pawls 29 and 30 out of engagement.

In the apparatus according to the invention, the pivot arms 15 and 16 belong to the scissor elements 40 and 41. These, with their lower ends, are pivotally mounted in pivot joints 42 and 43 and receive with slots 40a and 41a the pivot arms 15 and 16, respectively, with which they are connected scissor-wise by pins 44 and 45.

At their upper fork-shaped ends 40b 10 and 41b, respectively, the scissor elements 40 and 41 on both sides roll rolls having grooves 46 and 47. The rollers engage rail profiles 48 and 49 disposed on the side beams 12 and 13 in the sliding area of the rollers. The scissor rod system thus formed with the support frame 10 of the apparatus according to the invention is operable by means of hydraulic lifting mechanisms in the following arrangement: Below the longitudinal beams 6 and 7 there are fork-shaped bearing blocks 6a and 7a in which hydraulic cylinders 50 and 51 are mounted. which are pivotable in slots 6b and 7b in the longitudinal beams 6 and 7.

20 The associated pistons 52 and 53 are pivotally mounted in bearing blocks 40c and 41c found on the scissor arms 40 and 41. In slots 15b and 16b of the pivot arms 15 and 16, hydraulic cylinders 54 and 55 are similarly pivotally mounted.

The associated pistons 56 and 57 with their bearing pins 58 25 and 59 are slidably mounted in longitudinal slots 12a and 13a formed in the longitudinal beams 12 and 13. By means of this sliding guide, FIG. 4, increase the cutting torque of piston cylinder units 54-56 and 55-57.

As shown in FIG. 2 to 4, the longitudinal slots 30 12a and 13a on their upper load pick-up side may be provided with engagement cavities 60 which can be covered by means of a slider, not shown under spring pressure, towards the slots.

In this way, the piston torque can be increased.

The foliage is shown in FIG. 2 to 4, the individual settings 35 are shown from receiving a switching container 61 for outputting the container.

In FIG. 2, there is shown a container 61 which stands on a floor surface. The support frame 10 engages the container 61 and abuts against the rollers indicated by means of the grooves 46 and 47 on the scissors bars 40 and 41 and partly with the bearing blocks 17 and 18 against the front legs 40 and 41 of the scissor rod system.

The scissor arms 15 and 16, on the other hand, with their bearing blocks 5 and 17 are supported on the longitudinal beams 6 and 7 and partly directly against the longitudinal beams 6 and 7. In this position, the U-shaped driving frame of the carriage with the supporting frame 10 is driven into it. shown in the position until the end side of the container abuts the support beam 5 or 11. In this position, the front and rear side bolts 62 of the container 61 are located above and above the engagement holes 13b and 13c on the support arm length beams.

As the container is lifted by the action of cylinder piston units 50 to 53, the described engaging means, which may comprise catch cavities, intervene. Upon upward movement, the scissor arms 15 and 16 and the swing arm weights 21 and 22 are automatically spread out and mechanically locked in any desired position by means of the pawl bar 25,29 and 26,30. The spreading elements thereby in the apparatus according to the invention provide an equalization for the shaft-like two-stroke drive.

20 In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the piston 52 is led out of the cylinder 50. In this position, a piston pin 58 is horizontal from a right hollow 60a, fig. 2, to a left hollow 60c. The container 61 can then, fig. 4, with the greatest possible torque of the cylinder piston units 54 - 56 being emptied by tilting.

With a desired stepless emptying or by simultaneous lifting and tilting movement to distribute a load, all hydraulic lifting mechanisms can be pressurized. However, the cylinder piston units 50 to 53 may also be left unpressurized at a suitable engagement position of the locking means 25-30 when, for example, a transport during simultaneous tilting is desired.

In FIG. 5 and 6, another embodiment of the barrier is shown.

In FIG. 7 and 8, unlike the disclosed embodiments, an extension element is used in which the swing arm weight pliers 21 and 22 are replaced by slide link 7g.

In FIG. 9 and 10, a possible locking of such a slide joint is illustrated in the reverse manner by scissor arms 140.

10

14186A

Above a slot guide 107a, a rack 125 is found on the side beams of the telltale 107. The rack includes pawls 129, which are hinged blinded with scissor arm 140, which are disengaged under the action of a spring 129a and can be brought into locking position by of rope pull 131.

In FIG. 11, there is illustrated a switch carrier frame 210 which, in one embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, can be easily suspended by means of quick-closing bolts 219 and 259 as well as 220 and 258.

The shift carrier frame 210 is provided with brackets 211c and 211c arranged parallel to the cross beams 211 below the plane of the support frame, which engage the forks located on the front end of the switching mechanisms.

At the free ends, the side beams 212 and 213 have pre-curved portions 212a and 213a, each having an engagement cavity 212b and 213b, respectively. With this switch frame, for example, it is possible to lift and stack deep pallets.

Another advantageous design is the switch carrier frame 20 210 in that, with crippled parts 212a and 213a, it can be inserted into plug holes in a bend or a mounting wall in a highly upturned state.

After loosening the quick-release bolts 219 and 220, as well as 258 and 259 and lowering the scissor arms 240 and 241, the longitudinal cutter bars 212 and 213 are retained in the plug holes. In this way, a large number of switch carrier frames serving different purposes can be stored in an easily accessible mounting position.

You can also place them on high rails to which they are brought by the lifting device and anchor them by piercing bars and again taking them down.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the apparatus has a support frame 310, whose crossbeam is indicated by 311, on which are mounted two L-shaped forks 380 and 381. On the free ends of the support frame side beams 312 and 313 brackets 382 and 383 are arranged. extending from the plane of the support frame downwards and which by means of sliding shoes 384 and 385 and bolts 386 and 387 as well as 388 and 389 are longitudinally displaceable in slots 312a and 313b.

On the sliding shoes 384 and 385 as well as on the brackets 382 and 383, shafts 392 and 393 with lowered forks 394 and 395 are pivotally mounted in bearings 391 and 390 and 384a and 385a. 396 denotes control arms by which forks 394 and 5,395 can be brought into engagement position after receiving a changeover container. They can also, as holding arms at the rear, grab hold of changing containers. In this case, they are operated together with forks 394 and 395 by hydraulic lifting mechanisms 397 or similar switching mechanisms.

10 The embodiment of FIG. 13 and 14, the supporting frame 410 has length beams 413 to which forks and forks 498 and 499 are connected to the front and rear, which show outwards and are open upwards.

Using the support frame designed in this way, working machines can be combined with changing containers. In FIG.

15 13, 461 denotes a changing container which is held by means of side bolt tea 462 in engagement parts 413a and 413b of the support frame 410. 463 is a fertilizer spreading tool placed behind the container 461 which is secured by means of bolts 462 to engagement points in the support frame 410 and by means of bolts 462b in slots 20 499a in fork 499.

The fertilizer spreading device 463 is connected to an upwardly sloped switching container 461 so that when the container is brought into the raised tilt position it occupies a position approximately perpendicular to a baseline position, the charge 25 sliding by itself on the container bottom 461a forming an inclined plane. .

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, a loading assembly 563 is arranged on the front fork 498, with the pick-up mechanism 563a of harvested crop being collected and by means of tear chains 563b being inserted into an open end wall of the switching container 561.

The lifting position is chosen such that cargo pushed by the tear chains 563b on the container bottom 561a forming an inclined plane is transported backwards to the container wall rear wall 561b. The switching containers 561 can also be stacked for storage, possibly also for drying, by means of the lifting and tilting apparatus according to the invention with their charge.

In FIG. 15, a longitudinal beam 613 is formed as a staircase with steps 613a and 613b. 661 denotes waste containers which, with lateral support bolts 662, engage in resting places 613e.

Due to the fine-step control of the lifting position, possibly also of the tilting position of the support beam 613 of the apparatus according to the invention, it is achieved that, starting with a first container 661a, after a stepwise increase of the lifting height, all subsequent containers 661b-d can be accommodated. , without touching the already occupied containers in the recording position.

10. In the reverse order, the containers can be disposed of again in a row or in total.

FIG. 16, there is shown a simplified embodiment similar to FIG. 1. Coupling elements 815 and 816 as well as 15 821 and 822 are connected by pivot pins 823 formed as plug pins on a shaft 869 connecting them.

To the shaft 869 is attached a piston 852 with pivot head 840b. Compared to the one shown in FIG. 1, a piston cylinder unit is saved here.

20 In the embodiment of FIG. 17 and 18 of the apparatus of the apparatus, the lifting and tilting mechanism from a horizontal position can be tilted into a vertical position. This is accomplished by tipping bearings 971 for the scissor arms 940, tipping length beams mounted parallel to the pivot length beams 907. The tipping length beams are connected to one another at the other ends by a crossbeam not shown. With the 907i, an adjustable engagement mechanism is suggested. Telescope supports 1000 are indicated on the longitudinal beams.

By means of this embodiment of the lifting and tilting apparatus, a load, for example hay bales, can be deposited, for example, from a rear open switching container 961 by alternately operating the piston cylinder units 950 and 952 and 955 and 957 on the ground and place it in a vertical position.

Therefore, this embodiment can serve many purposes