DEV0001015MA - Process for the production of molded articles from mineral fibers - Google Patents
Process for the production of molded articles from mineral fibersInfo
- Publication number
- DEV0001015MA DEV0001015MA DEV0001015MA DE V0001015M A DEV0001015M A DE V0001015MA DE V0001015M A DEV0001015M A DE V0001015MA
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mineral fibers
- production
- fibers
- glass powder
- melting point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus Mineralfasern wie beispielsweise Glaswolle oder -Watte, Schlackenwolle, Steinwolle und dgl.The present invention relates to a method for the production of molded articles from mineral fibers such as glass wool or wadding, slag wool, rock wool and the like.
Die Mineralfasern gewinnen als Grundsubstanz für Formkörper wie Platten, Rohre, Schalen und dgl. immer mehr an Bedeutung, da sie gegenüber den sonst bisher meist verwendeten pflanzlichen Fasern wie Holzfasern, Stroh, Gräser usw. einige wichtige Vorzüge besitzen. Diese Vorzüge bestehen hauptsächlich in der ausserordentlich hohen Widerstandsfähigkeit der Mineralfasern gegenüber Feuchtigkeit und chemische Angriffe aller Art, in ihrer absoluten Beständigkeit gegen Bakterien, Fäulniserreger und dgl. sowie in der hohen Temperaturbeständigkeit und völligen Unbrennbarkeit. Schliesslich besitzen die Formkörper aus Mineralfasern, sofern sie nicht besonders hoch verdichtet sind, ausgezeichnete Isoliereigenschaften gegen Wärme und Schall.The mineral fibers are gaining more and more importance as a basic substance for molded bodies such as plates, pipes, bowls and the like, since they have some important advantages over the vegetable fibers, such as wood fibers, straw, grass, etc., which have otherwise been mostly used up to now. These advantages consist mainly in the extremely high resistance of the mineral fibers to moisture and chemical attacks of all kinds, in their absolute resistance to bacteria, putrefactive agents and the like. As well as in the high temperature resistance and complete non-flammability. Finally, the shaped bodies made of mineral fibers, unless they are particularly highly compressed, have excellent insulating properties against heat and sound.
Es sind daher schon Versuche unternommen worden, Formkörper aus Mineralfasern unter Zuhilfenahme der üblichen Bindemittel wie Wachse, Bitumen, Leime, Harze, Kunstharze und dgl. herzustellen. Die hochwertigeren dieser Bindemittel bringen aber eine Verteuerung mit sich, welche die Erzeugnisse aus Mineralfasern in manchen Fällen nicht mehr konkurrenzfähig gegenüber solchen aus pflanzlichen Faserstoffen erscheinen lässt. Ausserdem werden die oben aufgeführten vorteilhaften Eigenschaften der Mineralfasern durch diese Bindemittel mehr oder weniger ungünstig beeinflusst.Attempts have therefore already been made to produce molded bodies from mineral fibers with the aid of the usual binders such as waxes, bitumen, glues, resins, synthetic resins and the like. The higher quality of these binders, however, make them more expensive, which in some cases makes the products made from mineral fibers no longer appear competitive with those made from vegetable fibers. In addition, the above-mentioned advantageous properties of the mineral fibers are more or less unfavorably influenced by these binders.
Vorliegende Erfindung überwindet diese Nachteile. Sie besteht darin, mineralisches Fasermaterial mit solchem Glaspulver, welches einen niedrigeren Schmelzpunkt als das Fasermaterial hat, zu mischen, die Mischung bei Temperaturen zwischen dem Schmelzpunkt des Glaspulvers und dem Sinterungspunkt der Mineralfasern unter Druck zu verformen und unter Druck bis unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes des Glaspulvers abzukühlen.The present invention overcomes these disadvantages. It consists in mixing mineral fiber material with such glass powder which has a lower melting point than the fiber material, deforming the mixture under pressure at temperatures between the melting point of the glass powder and the sintering point of the mineral fibers and cooling it under pressure to below the melting point of the glass powder .
Das in dem Fasermaterial fein verteilte Glaspulver übernimmt die Rolle eines Bindemittels, indem es, nachdem das Fasermaterial auf die gewünschte Dichte und in die gewünschte Form gebracht worden ist, vorübergehend geschmolzen wird und wieder erstarrt. Dadurch werden die einzelnen Fasern an ihren Berührungsstellen miteinander verschweisst. Das Gefüge hält dann fest in sich zusammen, wodurch dem Material Formbeständigkeit und Festigkeit verliehen wird.The glass powder, which is finely distributed in the fiber material, takes on the role of a binding agent in that it is temporarily melted and solidified again after the fiber material has been brought to the desired density and shape. As a result, the individual fibers are welded to one another at their points of contact. The structure then holds together tightly, giving the material dimensional stability and strength.
Wichtig ist, dass keine so hohen Temperaturen angewandt werden, dass die Fasern sintern, weil sie dadurch spröde würden. Die Fasern selbst dürfen sich nicht verändern, damit ihre Elastizität erhalten bleibt.It is important that temperatures are not used that are so high that the fibers sinter, because this would make them brittle. The fibers themselves must not change in order to maintain their elasticity.
Die Verschweissung der Fasern nach dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren ist ausserordentlich fest und widerstandsfähig und wird weder durch Feuchtigkeit noch durch die meisten Chemikalien noch durch Temperaturen bis dicht unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes des Glaspulvers angegriffen. Nicht zuletzt stellt das Glaspulver ein wohlfeiles Bindemittel zur Herstellung der Formkörper dar.The welding of the fibers by the method according to the invention is extraordinarily strong and resistant and is attacked neither by moisture nor by most chemicals nor by temperatures just below the melting point of the glass powder. Last but not least, the glass powder is an inexpensive binding agent for the production of the moldings.
AusführungsbeispieleWorking examples
1.) Basaltwolle wird mit 10% ihres Gewichtes mit feinem Glaspulver vom Schmelzpunkt etwa 500°C gemischt, zwischen Heizplatten bei ca. 650°C gepresst und geformt und unter Druck bis unter 500°C abgekühlt. Man erhält auf diese Weise Platten, Schalen, Rohre und dgl. Formteile.1.) Basalt wool is mixed with 10% of its weight with fine glass powder with a melting point of around 500 ° C, pressed and shaped between heating plates at around 650 ° C and cooled under pressure to below 500 ° C. In this way, plates, trays, pipes and the like. Molded parts are obtained.
2.) Glaswatte vom Erweichungspunkt 600 - 650°C wird mit 15% ihres Gewichtes mit feinem Glaspulver vom Schmelzpunkt ca. 400°C gemischt und bei 500 - 550°C zwischen Heizplatten zu Platten gepresst. Der Druck wird beibehalten, bis sich die Masse unter 400°C abgekühlt hat.2.) Glass wadding with a softening point of 600 - 650 ° C is mixed with 15% of its weight with fine glass powder with a melting point of approx. 400 ° C and pressed between heating plates to form plates at 500 - 550 ° C. The pressure is maintained until the mass has cooled below 400 ° C.
Claims (1)
Family
ID=
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