DEP0045347DA - Process for the biotechnical production of protein- and starch-splitting ferments - Google Patents
Process for the biotechnical production of protein- and starch-splitting fermentsInfo
- Publication number
- DEP0045347DA DEP0045347DA DEP0045347DA DE P0045347D A DEP0045347D A DE P0045347DA DE P0045347D A DEP0045347D A DE P0045347DA
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- protein
- ferments
- splitting
- starch
- biotechnical production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013452 biotechnological production Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 2
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000008934 Muscle Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010074084 Muscle Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009990 desizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000010643 digestive system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- -1 etc.) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000004252 protein component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021119 whey protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Description
Es ist bekannt, daß Schimmelpilze auf geeigneten Nährböden Fermente mannigfaltiger Art zu bilden vermögen. Unter diesen finden sich neben Amylasen vor allem Proteasen verschiedener Wirkungsrichtung. Es ist weiter bekannt, daß man bei Anwendung von kleiehaltigen Nährböden durch Zusatz von Leim oder Kazein die Ausbeute - vor allem an Proteasen - steigern kann.It is known that molds are able to form various kinds of ferments on suitable nutrient media. In addition to amylases, these primarily include proteases with various directions of action. It is also known that, when using nutrient media containing bran, the yield - especially of proteases - can be increased by adding glue or kazein.
Wie nun gefunden wurde, läßt sich die Ausbeute an Proteasen in durch Züchtung von Schimmelpilzen gewonnenen Fermantgemischen um das Mehrfache steigern, ohne daß eine Beeinträchtigung der Amylasenbildung erfolgt, wenn man den zur Verwendung gelangenden (festen oder flüssigen) Nährböden eu- und/oder mesoplasmatische Proteine (z.B. Muskeleiweiß) bzw. deren Abbauprodukte zusetzt, wobei man sowohl im submersen als auch im Oberflächen-Verfahren arbeiten kann. Zur technischen Durchführung der vorliegenden Erfindung gelangen somit solche Schlacht- und/oder Fischabfälle zur Anwendung, die Eiweiß der gekennzeichneten Genese enthalten; nicht brauchbar im Sinne des Verfahrens der vorliegenden Anmeldung sind demgegenüber alloplasmatische Eiweißarten, also solche, welche lediglich aus Gerüstsubstanzen des tierischen Organismus herrühren (Knochenmehl, Leim usw.), desgleichen Milch bzw. deren Eiweißbestandteile (Molkeneiweiß, Kasein). Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich Fischmehl erwiesen. Gewünschten- bzw. erforderlichenfalls werden den Nährböden oder auch erst dem Erntegut spezifisch wirkende Aktivatoren (wie z.B. Ammoniumsalze, gewisse Spurenelemente usw.) zugesetzt, wie es dem Fachmann bekannt ist.As has now been found, the yield of proteases in fermant mixtures obtained by cultivating molds can be increased several times without impairing the formation of amylases if the (solid or liquid) nutrient media used are eu- and / or mesoplasmic proteins (e.g. muscle protein) or their breakdown products added, whereby one can work both in the submerged and in the surface method. For the technical implementation of the present invention, such slaughterhouse and / or fish waste is used which contains protein of the identified genesis; In contrast, alloplasmatic types of protein, i.e. those which originate only from structural substances in the animal organism (bone meal, glue, etc.), as well as milk or its protein components (whey protein, casein), are not usable in the context of the process of the present application. Fish meal has proven to be particularly advantageous. If desired or necessary, activators (such as ammonium salts, certain trace elements, etc.), as is known to the person skilled in the art, are added to the nutrient media or also to the harvested material.
Die unter Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gewonnenen Fermentgemische unterscheiden sich von den mittels Schimmelpilzen bisher hergestellten Präparaten nach Wirkungsrichtung und -intensität in vorteilhafter Weise. Je nach Art des Ausgangsmaterials und des kultivierten Schimmelpilzes können sie in der Therapie (insbesondere der Verdauungskrankheiten), in der Textilindustrie (z.B. als Wasch- und Entschlichtungsmittel), für die Beizung und Aescherung tierischer Häute oder sonstige Zwecke verwendet werden.The fermentation mixtures obtained using the method according to the invention advantageously differ from the preparations previously produced using molds in terms of the direction and intensity of action. Depending on the type of raw material and the cultivated mold, they can be used in therapy (especially for digestive diseases), in the textile industry (e.g. as a washing and desizing agent), for dressing and ashing animal skins or for other purposes.
Beispielexample
300 g Weizenkleie werden mit 30 g Fischmehl homogen vermengt, worauf das Gemisch mit etwa 200 ccm Leitungswasser gleichmäßig angefeuchtet wird. Hierauf wird die Masse im Brutraum in 3 cm hoher Schicht auf Regalen ausgebreitet und an zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen je eine Stunde im strömenden Dampf sterilisiert. Nun werden Konidien aus einer Reinkultur von Aspergillus crycae eingeblasen. Der Brutraum wird in gewissen Zeitabständen mit steriler, feuchter Luft ventiliert. Nach etwa 5 Tagen wird die Kultur unter Anwendung geeigneter Sterilisierungsmaßnahmen abgebrochen, worauf die Masse getrocknet wird. Das trockene Erntegut aknn für die meisten Zwecke direkt zur Verwendung gelangen; in manchen Fällen aber ist es geraten, eine Extraktion des Erntegutes vorzunehmen, wobei die Enzyme in Lösung gehen. Man erhält ein Produkt, welches pro Gramm Trockensubstanz etwa 9000 B-Einheiten und 100.000 W-Einheiten enthält. Züchtet man denselben Pilzstamm unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen auf Weizenkleie, welcher kein Fischmehl zugesetzt war, so erhält man nur etwa 2000 B-Einheiten, während man 3 - 4000 B-Einheiten erhält, wenn dem Nährboden Kasein zugesetzt war.300 g of wheat bran are mixed homogeneously with 30 g of fish meal, after which the mixture is moistened evenly with about 200 cc of tap water. The mass is then spread out on shelves in a 3 cm high layer in the brood chamber and sterilized in flowing steam for one hour each on two consecutive days. Now conidia from a pure culture of Aspergillus crycae are blown in. The brood chamber is ventilated with sterile, moist air at certain time intervals. After about 5 days, the culture is terminated using suitable sterilization measures, whereupon the mass is dried. The dry crop can be used directly for most purposes; in some cases, however, it is advisable to extract the harvested material, in which case the enzymes go into solution. A product is obtained which contains approximately 9,000 B units and 100,000 W units per gram of dry substance. If the same strain of fungus is grown on wheat bran to which no fishmeal has been added under otherwise identical conditions, only about 2000 B-units are obtained, while 3 - 4000 B-units are obtained if casein was added to the nutrient medium.
Claims (2)
Family
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