DEP0035779DA - Wetting agents, detergents, cleaning agents and dispersants - Google Patents
Wetting agents, detergents, cleaning agents and dispersantsInfo
- Publication number
- DEP0035779DA DEP0035779DA DEP0035779DA DE P0035779D A DEP0035779D A DE P0035779DA DE P0035779D A DEP0035779D A DE P0035779DA
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- agents
- dispersants
- detergents
- wetting
- cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- -1 alkyl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- WAPNOHKVXSQRPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylethanol Chemical compound CC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WAPNOHKVXSQRPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XPNGNIFUDRPBFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methylbenzylalcohol Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1CO XPNGNIFUDRPBFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AOGQPLXWSUTHQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(C)=O AOGQPLXWSUTHQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLYBTZIQSIBWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(C)=O YLYBTZIQSIBWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NKJOXAZJBOMXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-Oxybisoctane Chemical class CCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCC NKJOXAZJBOMXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001348 alkyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
Alkylbenzolsulfonate mit längeren Alkylresten, wie sie beispielsweise durch Kondensation von aliphatischen, alicyclischen oder aliphatisch-alicyclischen Kohlenwasserstoffen oder deren Gemischen mit den Siedegrenzen von etwa 120 und 320° einerseits und Benzolkohlenwasserstoffen andererseits und Sulfonierung erhalten werden können, sind wertvolle Netz-, Wasch-, Reinigungs- und Dispergiermittel. Aliphatische u.dgl. Kohlenwasserstoffe der erwähnten Art können z.B. aus den Oxyden des Kohlenstoffs und Wasserstoff nach Fischer-Tropsch erhalten werden. Auch die hierbei entstehenden, ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffe und sauerstoffhaltigen Verbindungen mit etwa der gleichen Anzahl Kohlenstoffatome im Molekül sowie die Hydrierungsprodukte dieser Verbindungen kommen in Frage, ferner Krackolefine, Petroleumdestillate, perhydrierte Mittelöle der Teerdestillation usw. Die Herstellung der Alkylbenzole erfolgt nach den üblichen Methoden, indem man beispielsweise die zweckmässig hydrierten Fraktionen einer Chlorierung unterwirft und die entstandenen chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffe mit Benzolkohlenwasserstoffen in Gegenwart von z.B. Aluminiumchlorid kondensiert, worauf die erhaltenen alkylierten Benzolkohlenwasserstoffe sulfoniert werden. Bei Verwendung von analogen ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffen oder sauerstoffhaltigen Verbindungen führt man die Kondensation mit dem Benzolkohlenwasserstoff in Gegenwart von Schwefelsäure durch, wobei Kondensation und Sulfonierung in einem Arbeitsgang erfolgen kann.Alkylbenzenesulfonates with longer alkyl radicals, such as can be obtained, for example, by condensation of aliphatic, alicyclic or aliphatic-alicyclic hydrocarbons or their mixtures with boiling limits of about 120 and 320 ° on the one hand and benzene hydrocarbons on the other hand, and sulfonation, are valuable wetting, washing and cleaning agents - and dispersants. Aliphatic and the like hydrocarbons of the type mentioned can be obtained, for example, from the oxides of carbon and hydrogen according to Fischer-Tropsch. The resulting unsaturated hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing compounds with approximately the same number of carbon atoms in the molecule as well as the hydrogenation products of these compounds are also possible, as well as cracking olefins, petroleum distillates, perhydrogenated middle oils from tar distillation, etc. The alkylbenzenes are prepared according to the usual methods by for example, subjecting the suitably hydrogenated fractions to chlorination and condensing the chlorinated hydrocarbons formed with benzene hydrocarbons in the presence of, for example, aluminum chloride, whereupon the alkylated benzene hydrocarbons obtained are sulfonated. When using analogous unsaturated hydrocarbons or oxygen-containing compounds, the condensation with the benzene hydrocarbon is carried out in the presence of sulfuric acid, it being possible for condensation and sulfonation to take place in one operation.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass Mischungen aus den erwähnten Alkylbenzolsulfonaten und wasserunlöslichen organischen Lösungsmitteln hervorragende Netz-, Wasch-, Reinigungs- und Dispergiermittel darstellen. Die Alkylbenzolsulfonate gelangen zweckmässig in Form ihrer Alkali- oder Ammoniumsalze zur Anwendung, doch kann man sie auch in Form ihrer Salze mit organischen Basen, wie Methylamin, Alkylolamine, organische Ammoniumbasen, Pyridin, Morpholin usw., verwenden. Geeignete wasserunlösliche organische Lösungsmittel sind beispielsweise Benzine, niedrigsiedende flüssige Paraffine, hydrierte Benzole und Naphthaline, Alkohole, wie Cyclohexanol, Methylphenylcarbinol, Ester, z.B. Hexylacetat, Oktylacetat, ferner Ketone, wie Cyclohexanon, Äther, wie Kresylglykol, Dioctyläther, aliphatische und aromatische Chlorkohlenwasserstoffe, Fettsäureamide, wie Fettsäurediäthanolamide, sowie Gemische dieser Lösungsmittel.It has now been found that mixtures of the alkylbenzenesulfonates mentioned and water-insoluble organic solvents are excellent wetting agents, detergents, cleaning agents and dispersants. The alkylbenzenesulfonates are conveniently used in the form of their alkali metal or ammonium salts, but they can also be used in the form of their salts with organic bases, such as methylamine, alkylolamines, organic ammonium bases, pyridine, morpholine, etc., use. Suitable water-insoluble organic solvents are, for example, gasolines, low-boiling liquid paraffins, hydrogenated benzenes and naphthalenes, alcohols such as cyclohexanol, methylphenylcarbinol, esters, for example hexyl acetate, octyl acetate, and also ketones, such as cyclohexanone, ethers, such as cresylglycol, dioctyl ethers, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons such as fatty acid diethanolamides, and mixtures of these solvents.
Das Verhältnis zwischen dem Alkylbenzolsulfonat, das zweckmässig in Form seiner wässrigen konzentrierten Lösung angewandt wird, und dem wasserunlöslichen organischen Lösungsmittel kann in weiten Grenzen schwanken und richtet sich einerseits nach dem Verwendungszweck und andererseits nach dem Emulgiervermögen des angewandten Alkylbenzolsulfonates. Auch der bei der Verwendung in Frage kommende Verdünnungsgrad spielt bei der Auswahl des Mengenverhältnisses eine Rolle. Gegebenenfalls kann man noch andere Verbindungen mit netzenden Eigenschaften zusetzen. Die erhaltenen Mischungen lösen sich in Wasser glatt auf und liefern stabile Emulsionen, die sich durch vorzügliche Eigenschaften auszeichnen.The ratio between the alkylbenzenesulfonate, which is expediently used in the form of its aqueous concentrated solution, and the water-insoluble organic solvent can vary within wide limits and depends on the one hand on the intended use and on the other hand on the emulsifying capacity of the alkylbenzenesulfonate used. The degree of dilution in question for use also plays a role in the selection of the quantitative ratio. If necessary, other compounds with wetting properties can also be added. The resulting mixtures dissolve smoothly in water and provide stable emulsions which are distinguished by excellent properties.
Beispielexample
90 Teile einer 30%-igen Lösung eines Alkylbenzolsulfonates (wie es z.B. aus einer Kohlenwasserstoffraktion mit dem Siedebereich 180 - 200°, die aus den Oxyden des Kohlenstoffs und Wasserstoff nach Fischer-Tropsch und anschliessende Hydrierung erhalten wurde, durch Chlorierung bei 100° bis zur Aufnahme von etwa 10% Chlor, Kondensation des entstandenen Alkylchlorids in Gegenwart von Aluminiumchlorid mit Benzol im Verhältnis 100 Teile Alkylhalogenid auf 200 Teile Benzol, Sulfonierung des entstandenen Alkylbenzols und Neutralisation hergestellt werden kann) und 10 Teile Methylphenylcarbinol werden unter Erwärmen und Rühren gemischt. Man erhält eine homogene, durchscheinende Paste, die in Wasser leicht löslich ist und ein vorzügliches Waschvermögen besitzt.90 parts of a 30% solution of an alkylbenzenesulfonate (such as is obtained, for example, from a hydrocarbon fraction with the boiling range 180-200 °, which was obtained from the oxides of carbon and hydrogen according to Fischer-Tropsch and subsequent hydrogenation, by chlorination at 100 ° up to Absorption of about 10% chlorine, condensation of the resulting alkyl chloride in the presence of aluminum chloride with benzene in a ratio of 100 parts of alkyl halide to 200 parts of benzene, sulfonation of the resulting alkylbenzene and neutralization) and 10 parts of methylphenylcarbinol are mixed with heating and stirring. You get a homogeneous, translucent paste that is easily soluble in water and has excellent washing properties.
Claims (1)
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