DE963312C - Circuit arrangement for controlling and monitoring remote switching devices - Google Patents

Description

Circuit arrangement for control and monitoring remote Switching elements For controlling and monitoring switching elements that are not too further distance from a command post are observed, are circuits known, in which each switching element to be controlled and monitored has a line is assigned, while, the return via a number of organs, assigned jointly Management takes place. Some circuit designs, which are known under the name "single wire control" are generally known, have, in the command post, a switch that the control line assigned to each toi control the body depending on to be monitored. or to, controlling switching process with: one: or the other Pole of a battery connects whose iVIittelanzapfung to the common return line is introduced. The ones in the. Substations located, to be controlled and 'to; Monitoring switching elements each have one of the respective position of the SGhAiltorgans, dependent auxiliary contact, where: the contacts of the switch in the Command and the auxiliary switch contacts in the lower position in the same way with the Line power and the return line or with the poles of the empty battery are connected, The continuity of current is only possible if both switches are in the same position is. Any reversal of direction: r this. Stromes indicates a change in position of the monitored Switch, by a subsequent shift of the switch serving as a position indicator, in the command post the message acknowledged and the initial state restored.

The distinction between a message and a control is made In these known Ainr orders, the intensity of the line currents used. The relay used to control the switching element. namely in the substation placed in the loop used to send messages, but can be replaced by the normal Signaling current does not respond. It only responds if by short-circuiting the originalization. Realass in the command station there is a significant power boost in the reporting circuit.

With these well-known. Facilities occurs the difficulty that that Operating personnel are pushed forward so that there is always only one control process triggers. Because of the return line that flows through the same at the simultaneous triggering of several control processes a correspondingly increased current, which in turn results in an increased voltage drop. Either the The range of such systems is limited, or it is. enter into service, individual Control lines a current weakening: that the. correct execution of the intended Calls into question.

But above all, soot then; the operating personnel meet the requirement be directed that it only triggers a switching process if, as already is known, the current gain in the reporting circuit comes about that the battery connected with its center to the common return line in the idle state is switched so that the return line to the, one: pole of the battery and, the message line to: the other pole of the same. Battery switched on confused, um thereby double the battery voltage.

Are triggered simultaneously two different operations at these facilities, game, the Einsohaltung bite of a contactor on one of the control wires and the elimination of a contactor over another control wire, as is done on the Anschaltepunkt the common return to the battery short-circuit this battery, and none the desired switching commands can be given.

Another disadvantage of the known. Facilities is that the Switching means for the purpose of passing on. the SiromveT reinforcement in the control lines cause, per tax, are provided roughly and, thereby, the total system costs significantly more expensive.

In order to eliminate these disadvantages of the known arrangements., Suggests the present invention proposes that the switching means effecting the change in current the command post lead everyone from the command post to the individual switching bodies Control lines, are assigned jointly and through one according to their setting the selector device characterizing the switching element to be controlled with the desired one Control line to be connected. This dialing device arranged in the command post It also allows an ongoing line test to be carried out in a simple and relatively cheap way of the individual control lines, according to a further characteristic, the Invention are namely by, the, selection device, which the individual control lines connects to the switching means of the command post causing a change in the quiescent current, for the purpose of determining the line status of the individual. Control lines the the Switching means that cause the line test one after the other, the individual control lines, turned on.

In. the drawing shows an exemplary embodiment of the invention. It shows Fig. Z the monitoring and control circuits of the command and 'substations; Fig. Z the internal circuits of the command station with an additional device for checking the line status and FIG. 3 the occupancy of the in the command station located dialing device.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. R, the command station. and the individual. Substations through line lines; LL and two return lines connected in parallel, RI and R Il connected to one another. Via the position indicator St.A. In the command post, each line line assigned to such a position indicator can be labeled with: the plus or minus pole dier all. Lines common battery ba. be wasted. The center tap of this battery is connected to the return lines: RI and RII, which are connected to the switching contacts in the substation. Signal switch Sig are brought up. In these lines: there are also relay E and A in the substation, which are polarized by: upstream half-wave rectifiers, d; ate only when the position of the signal contact Sig and the position indicator St.A. on: Current flow can come through this relay. The two relays e an d A are the normal Signalii @ sierungsstrom not operated, but only when mando put in the coma that the line current monitoring relay L shorted and the full battery voltage to the: is created line LL .. control In this case, the contacts a4 and e4, the relevant switching element, z. B. the. Circuit breaker, in the desired manner.

In the command center that. Receipt of a message, that by Shifting the signal contact Sig is triggered in the substation; through a visual and acoustic alarm displayed. Even if a fault occurs If there is a wire break or a short circuit, such a signal is generated that differs when a report is received. Always takes place in both cases both a single alarm and a group alarm, so that without additional can be determined., from. which line a message came in or which line was disturbed.

For each control line there is a star acknowledgment switch in the command post. its contact and. Signal arrangement in Fig. I is shown with. aside from that is, as Fig. i and z shows, a Scholtschloß SK, the voz each release of a Control process must be actuated, _ a signal switch-off button, a control button KT and a test switch PS are provided, the latter. serves to be an automatic Check of the line condition. initiate all control lines.

The single ones. Switching processes in the various operating states take place as follows: A. Control state Is the device in the command station and. the substation in; Order, i.e. if the position of all position indicators corresponds to those of the monitored switching devices and if there is no line fault, then relay L in every line line is energized if the switch lock SK is still inactive: center tap of battery Ba, u2, return line RI, control relay E, Rectifier Gl i, signal contact (»off« side), lines: 1, lineLL, -hi, signal relay L, k6, position indicator St.A.2, minus (negative battery half) or u6, return line R II, control relay A, Rectifier Gl2, signal contact (»on« side), control line LL, h i, signaling relay L, k6, St.A.2, plus (positive battery half).

The current value of the respective circuit is dimensioned so that only the relay L can attract its armature. His contacts are in the position shown in dashed lines in FIG.

B. Signalislerung a change in position of the signal contact In the substation, the switching element to be monitored is transferred to a different position and if the signal contact of this switching element is thrown over, so, comes through the reversed polarity rectifier for the signaling relay L is not sufficient Current flow comes about, so that it drops and with its Kontaktl2 (Fig. 2) that Relay K in the following. Circuit turns on: Plus, KT, L2, q14, K, Minus.

The relay K creates a holding circuit with its contact k 4 via the control button: KT and reverses the polarity of the control line LL with its contact k 6 (FIG. I). As a result, the relay L comes back to respond, there, now over serve, transferred. Signaling contact of the substation, the rectifier Gli or: Gl2 iln Dwr_chlaßriahtung connected to the control relay A or E in the signaling circuit. In the command post, contact 12 switches via the actuated one. Contact k 5 turns on the red handle lamp of the control acknowledgment switch. Contact 14 brings the relay via contacts pg4 and gk3. QI to respond, while the green handle lamp does not light up due to the upstream winding of the relay QI. The relay QI maintains its contact q 1 6, and the contact q 1 3 prepares the short-circuit circuit for the relay K. Relays L, K and QI are now energized while fault current flows through one of the control relays in the lower part.

To acknowledge the change in position of this Schaltozgan in the substation, the operator at the command center first rotates the relevant control acknowledgment holder by 45 ° into a preparatory position. In this position the contact VK is switched over and the relay is activated via the contacts pe2, q13 and q16-. K thrown off by short-circuit. The excitation for the relay QI is still maintained via its own contact q13. The falling relay K reverses the polarity with its contact k 6 (Fig. I), so that the relay L drops out again: the red handle lamp remains on during this switching process via contacts k 4 and q I 2 . It. after this preparatory acknowledgment, only the relay QI in the command post is actuated. If the control acknowledgment switch is turned to the go ° position to carry out the acknowledgment and the position indicator St.A. transferred to its other position, the polarity of the line is reversed again and the relay L can respond again. The contact VK, which is turned over in this position, throws off the relay QI : The red handle lamp goes out because its circuit at contact q I2 is also opened.

C. Control target in a substation from the command post a certain switching process is triggered, so is first in the key lock S K to insert a switching key and turn it .. The contact sk i brings with this Process the green sauna lamp to light up.

If, for example, a switch that is in the "Off" position is to be moved to the "On" position, the control acknowledgment switch assigned to this switching element must be turned 45 ° to the right. The contact VK actuated here brings the relay ON and GK. in the following circuit to respond: Plus, pe2, VK, q13, AN, GK, minus.

The contacts at i and at 5 switch on, the two differentially switched effects of the relay WP , so that this relay does not yet respond. The wiring of the D-contact bank of the selector. SW, via which one winding of the differential relay WP is at positive potential, is shown separately in FIG. 3a. Put the contacts gk 2 and gk 6 , which are also differentially wound. Turns. of the relay T on: voltage, so that this relay cannot yet respond either. The contact an2 closes via the armature contact d (swI) of the search selector SW a circuit for the. Relay W, which with its contact w3 switches on the rotary magnet DSW prepared with its contact aM4. The armature contact d (sw I) again interrupts the excitation for the rotary magnet DSW of this selector. The relay W and the rotary magnet DSW are thus excited intermittently, and the switching of the selector SW lasts until the Schaltarui a of this selector. Contact is found at which the counter potential for one winding of the relay WP is disconnected. But this is the case with the line whose control acknowledgment switch at contact VK has removed this potential. The voter thus identifies this control line by its assumed position, and the responding relay WP switches off the magnet of the search selector DSW at contact wp6. A contact wp 3 continues to excite. the relay WD, and it becomes a circuit. closed for relay P, which runs as follows: Plus .. * wp 2, t6, b6, z6, Y5, P, wd 3, g-arm of the selector SW, K, minus.

The relay K does not yet respond in this circuit, since it is only traversed by fault current. The contact p 4 causes the relay X to respond via the contact wp2. with its contact x 6 short-circuits the high-resistance winding of the relay P and: thus brings the relay K to respond by amplifying the current. The contact k6 (Fig. I) reverses the polarity of the control line LL and thus throws the relay L off. The contact k4 keeps the relay K energized and throws the relay P off by short circuit, while the contact p4 via the contact sn6 causes the relay y to respond with a delay time caused by a parallel connected capacitor, because its short circuit through the contact gk 4 opened. The contact y 5 then throws off the relay K again after a certain period of time by short circuit, the short circuit running through the contacts wd 2, y5, z6, f a4 wp 2 and the b-arm of the selector SW . After a certain time, the relay X is also thrown off again via the contact yi, while the contact k 2 switches on the green handle lamp in the command station. Because the .Relay. K drops again; the polarity of the line is reversed again and the relay L is activated. After the preparation for the control in the command post, the relays L, WP, YVD, AAj, GK, W and X are energized.

The brief starting of the relay K @ and the resulting Un polarity of the control line LL are used to determine a. Short circuit (s. Paragraph D), since a possible line short-circuit can lead to incorrect control of a neighboring line Can have a consequence.

To switch through the intended control, the switch-through link DT must be turned to the right in the command post, namely until the red switch-through lamp next to the button lights up. The switching operations here are as follows. Closing contact DT energizes relay H: Plus, sk 2, DT, d6, s116-, y4, b4, pg 2, wd 4, H, minus.

The contact h 6 switches on the relay U assigned to the return lines RI and R II via the e-arm of the selector SW, while the contact h 2 (FIG. I) establishes a holding circuit for the relay L that is independent of the line L.

The contacts 11 2 and fit 6 apply the return lines R I and R II, the full battery voltage, via the contact wp5 and the switching arm f des Voter SW. The relay also comes in this circuit. RIV to speak to, that with its contact rsn4 (Fig. 2) the relay Z is energized. The contacts z i and z2 (Fig. i) cause by short-circuiting the high-resistance winding of the relay RAI and one Resistance Wi such a current gain on the control line L that the switch relay E in the sub-station to address: can come. Contact e4 switches this. relevant contactor., and the applied switching element brings the signal contact Sig in the "on" position. There. the relay E via a. Contact e2 directly to the line manager is switched on, the third relay can initially open the signal contact not be switched off-. Through this. is prevented that with slow switching movement the stimulus is interrupted prematurely.

But it is. the switching of the switching element to be controlled ends, so also has the: center spring of the signal contact. Sig reached the opposite side. As a result, a counter winding of relay E prepared via contact e6 is connected created the line line and started it up.

By moving the signal contact Sig, the polarity of the control line LL is reversed and. thus also the relay. RM dropped. The contact rm 4 (Fig. 2) short-circuits the relay Y via the contacts wp 2, z 3 and z 4 , so that the contact y 4 can also switch off the relay U. This also interrupts the excitation for relay H at contact U 3 , which drops out and interrupts the Hadtes.tromkreis for relay L at its contact h 2. That. falling relay L switches on with its contact 12 the relay, K, which holds itself with its contact k 4 , with its contact k 6 (Füg. i) reverses the polarity, and the relay L again to respond. brings. Contact t2 can now switch the red handle lamp back on.

The relay SI is switched on via the contacts 16, k i and x2 , which, with its contact s16 dä.s, energizes relay SII. Contact s II 3 switches the relay via contacts 14 and k: 2. QI on while the green handle lamp cannot light up; since it only receives fault current. The contact q13 keeps the relay QI energized and at the same time throws the relays ON and. GK from. As a result, the relay WP is switched off with the help of the contact at i , while the contact WP 3 de-energizes the relay WD. Through the opening. Contact wp 2 , the relay Z is also thrown off and at the same time the red switch-through part lamp is extinguished. Contact on: 2 switches off relay W , and contacts, q 1 3 and q 1 6 make one. Short circuit for the. Relay K, which drops out and, with its contact k6. (Fig. I) the line reversed. Here, the relay L drops out, is brought about by the: contacts: 16. the relay SI to drop out, whose, contact s I 6, with a certain time delay, also switches off the relay, SII. The red handle lamp continues to burn because it remains switched on via contacts k 4 and q I z. In this state. Is therefore only in the command post. the relay QI energizes while the red handle lamp and the green lock lamp are on.

To acknowledge the signal indicating the change in position in the lower position, the control acknowledgment switch is rotated by a further 45 °, and the position indicator St.A. the line reversed. That. Relay L of the line in question can. address again while. the moving contact VK drops the relay QI . The circuit for the red handle lamp is interrupted at contact q I 2, so that it goes out and now only the green lock lamp lights up when the switch is still activated. D. Monitoring of the line status should. If the individual control lines are checked for short-circuit, the operator in the command post has to flip the test switch PS. Through this; comes via the contacts s 11 3 and gk 3 in addition to the relay Pe and the relay PG to respond and. brings, if there is no un.acknowledged signal, a; Signal lamp to light up, which indicates that an automatic test of this line status, i.e., is taking place.

The 'contact pe2 brings the starter relay. AN via a second winding for response, which, with its contact at i, excites the differential relay WP. Since the search selector SW of a preceding, -given. Control is still on the intersection of a control line, the counter potential for the second winding of the Differen.tialredais WP at the contact de 2 has been removed. The contact WP 3 switches on the relay WD ; and the contacts wp 2 and; wd 3 bring the relay. P over dien. Contact 5 to respond while relay K receives fault current. The contact p 4 throws the relay. X on, which short-circuits the high-resistance winding of the relay P with its contact x6, so that the relay K can now respond. The polarity of the relevant control line is reversed with the contact k 6 (FIG. I), and if there is no connection between this line and another line, the line relay L of this control line remains de-energized. The relay K is held via the contact k 4 and the relay P is thrown off by a short circuit. The contact p 4 raises the relay Y with a time delay, which with: your contact y 5 drops the relay K by short circuit; As a result, the polarity of the line with contact k6 (FIG. I) is reversed, and the relay L can respond again. During this process, the green handle lamp on the control acknowledgment switch came on briefly.

With the energization of the relay Y becomes; Via your contact y i - the relay X is de-energized, while the contract y 3 causes the relay T to respond. Contact i4 closes the relay via contact pe2. Y briefly, so, d, ate at contact y 3 with a certain time delay, the circuit for relay I is also disconnected. During the release time of relay I, the rotary magnet DSW of the search selector receives a current impulse via contacts e6 and i3 and advances the selector by one step. On this intermediate step, as FIG. 3 shows, there is positive potential at the a-contact bank of the selector, so that the relay WP drops out and a new pulse is given to the rotary magnet DSW via the contacts aia-4, w 3 and b 2. This switches the selector to the next control line. The relay WP responds again, and it. the same switching processes take place as described above.

If the line to be tested has a short circuit with another control line or with one of the return lines, the relay comes on when the relay K is pulled. L (Fig. I) after a temporary drop during. the switching time of the contact k6 to respond again, since it receives a fault current that exceeds its response sensitivity via the resistor: RW. During the short, apostasy. this relay. L comes through the contacts 76 and, k 3, the relay D (Fig. 2) to respond, which also remains after the re-excitation of the relay L through the contacts di, x 4 and y 2 . Via contacts 16, k i, x 2 and d 5, when relay L reappears, blocking relay ß can be energized, whose contacts b 2 and b 5 prevent the search dialer from being forwarded., And whose contact bi next to the Attitude of the. Relay B also, a. Brings the signal to light up, which indicates the presence of a line short.

The contact p 4 causes the relay Y to respond when it drops as a result of the opening of the contact b 6 , which with its contact y 5 is again a relay. K through. Briefly throws off and. at the same time lights up the green handle lamp. The falling relay K reverses the polarity of the line.

At the beginning of the automatic line test, the flickering set consisting of dien, relays Fa and Fb was switched on via the contact, so that after. Open. this contacter b6, via the. Contact fa4 the green handle lamp flickering. lights up.

The; The arrangement shown in the exemplary embodiment gives the possibility of measuring not only a line short but also the insulation resistance of the individual lines. For this purpose, in addition to actuating the test switch PS, the measuring switch MS, which causes a relay M to respond. on the. Contact mi, the relay? ITTl is switched on in preparation, whereby the switch only becomes effective when relay D responds. This. is the case when the first time the control line is reversed, the relay L drops out and its contact 16. via the. closed contact k 3 the relay D turns on.

A contact in 2 switches on the relay ME, which in turn causes the relay MF to be excited. After the excitation of the relay MV, the relay ME is thrown off again by a short circuit, and the contact me 2 switches off the delayed releasing relay MF. While the relay ME drops and the relay MV responds at the same time, the contacts me 6. and. mv 6 (Fig. i) the instrument MI measuring the insulation value is connected in parallel to the line relay I_ and thus shows the current flowing through the insulation. After the relay MF drops out, the relay becomes. Y via the contact mv 2 (Fig. 2) to respond, which with its contact y 5 short-circuits the relay K and thus initiates the further switching d @ -s selector SW. Through the delay chain formed from the relays, L- IV, ME and MF, this switching of the selector is delayed so that the magnetic field built up in the measuring instrument has definitely disappeared again by the time the selector SW is switched, so that this instrument does not rock can.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Circuit arrangement for controlling and monitoring remote switching elements via a line individually assigned to each switching element and a return line common to several switching elements, the triggering of a. Control process caused by a change in the command post that flows through the line assigned to the organ to be controlled and the common return line. Ruble current is effected, characterized in that the switching means (U, RM, Z, Wi) effecting the change in current of the command post all from the command post to the. individual switching elements. leading control lines (LL) are assigned jointly and by one after their setting the. to. Selector device (SW) that characterizes the stoning switching element is connected to the control line required in each case. will. . 2. Circuit arrangement make a claim. i, characterized daJ3 a. in a preparatory position this control acknowledgment monitor (STA) the line to be controlled actuated contact (VK) to the to be controlled: switching element Identifies assigned Leiturig (LL) in the contact field of the selector (a [SW-1). 3. Circuit arrangement according to claim i, characterized in that the switching means (Z) provided in the command post control state triggered by a brief actuation of a switching element (DT). until completed by feedback of the circuit maintains regardless automatically from the position of this switching element. q .. Circuit arrangement according to claim i and 2, characterized by the preparatory, to be actuated. Kontaktei (VK) of the control acknowledgment switch (STA) of all control lines. (LL) to the even-numbered ones. Contact lamellas of the selector (a [SW]) are connected in such a way that the non-actuated Kontaktei (VK) at the initiation of a control process to the same potential, these Kontaktla..mellen: apply., That too. on, the odd-numbered lamellas rests, and. the line to be controlled is identified by the lack of this potential on the contact lamella corresponding to this line. 5. Circuit arrangement according to claim i to q., Characterized in that a (WP) is used as a test record for the voter, one winding of which is locally excited, and the other winding to the. Test arm. (a. (SW)) of the selector searching for the line to be controlled is connected. 6. Circuit arrangement according to. Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the selector (SW) switched on for the purpose of occupying the line to be checked is until the test arm (a (SW)) strikes a by the, actuated Vorbeirestungskontakt (Vk) of a Steuerqwi.ttungsschalter (STA) not occupied with potential, gear number Kon: taktlarnelle. 7. Circuit arrangement according to claim. i, characterized characterized in that the selector device (SW) connecting the individual control lines (LL) to the switching means (U, RM, Z, Wi) of the command post which cause a change in the quiescent current, switches on the individual control lines one after the other for the purpose of determining the line status. B. Circuit arrangement according to Claim 6, characterized in that when a control line di is found that has a connection with another control line or a return line e automatic switching to the dialing device does not take place and an alarm is given. 9 .. Circuit arrangement according to claim 6 and 7, characterized in that via a switching arm (e) of the selection device (SW) which responds to a line connection. Monitoring relay (L) each control line (LL) is supplied with a fault current which, if the line is intact, is below the response current. this relay. lies. ok Circuit arrangement according to Claim 6, characterized in that the device (MI) measuring the insulation value of the individual control lines is sent to the individual control lines one after the other via switching arms (e, f) of the selection device (SW). Control lines (LL) can be created. i r. Circuit arrangement according to Claim 9, characterized in that, during the measurement of the insulation value of the individual control lines (LL), the automatic switching of the selection device takes place with a delay. Considered publications: Venzke: »Remote control systems in. energy versargungsbetrieb ", p. 37, W. Sirardet, Essen, 195o Henning: »The remote control technology in the Electricity supply services ", pp. 12 to 19, Oldenbourg, Munich, 195o.