DE947234C - Tunnel furnace for firing ceramic objects, especially porcelain - Google Patents

Tunnel furnace for firing ceramic objects, especially porcelain

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Publication number
DE947234C
DE947234C DER1016A DER0001016A DE947234C DE 947234 C DE947234 C DE 947234C DE R1016 A DER1016 A DE R1016A DE R0001016 A DER0001016 A DE R0001016A DE 947234 C DE947234 C DE 947234C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
tunnel furnace
porcelain
ceramic objects
firing ceramic
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DER1016A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Franz Hautmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ludwig Riedhammer GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Ludwig Riedhammer GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ludwig Riedhammer GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Ludwig Riedhammer GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DER1016A priority Critical patent/DE947234C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE947234C publication Critical patent/DE947234C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases

Description

Zum Brennen von keramischen G6genstägden, insbesondere Porzellan, werden meist gasbeheizte Tunnelöfen mit offener Feuerführung, also ohne Muffel verwendet. Es ist von größter Wichtigkeit, daß die Vorwärmung unter iooo bis 105o° C mit. Luftüberschuß erfolgt, damit sich kein Kohlenstoff in. den Scherben einlagert. In bekannter Weise wird zu diesem Zweck der erste Brenner mit Luftüberschuß eingestellt oder vorgewärmte Luft in die Vorwärmzone eingeführt. Ferner ist von großer Wichtigkeit, beim Brand von Porzellan wenigstens eine schwache reduzierende Feuerführung bis zum Ende der beheizten Zone zu halten, um die Nadelstichbildung zu vermeiden - und einwandfreies Porzellan zu erhalten. Letzteres ist aber bei den bisherigen Ofen nicht leicht zu erreichen, da dies nur bei schwachem Zug bzw. leichtem Druck nach der Ausfahrt zu möglich ist. Der Druck nach hinten bringt aber verrauchtes und durch den Schwefelgehalt der Heizgase blindes Porzellan, -sogenannten Belag. Bei den bisherigen Öfen muß man deshalb mit starkem Zug arbeiten, üm die vorgenannten Übelstände zu vermeiden. Der starke Ofenzug hat aber wiederum Nachteile in bezug auf den gleichmäßigen Brand und Temperaturunterschied zwischen oben und unten in der Vorwärmzone. Je stärker der Zug ist, um so höher ist die Temperaturdifferenz in der Vorwärmzone, da durch die Wagenstöße Falschluft rnit angesaugt wird.For firing ceramic G6genstägden, especially porcelain, gas-heated tunnel ovens with an open fire system, i.e. without a muffle, are mostly used. It is of the utmost importance that the preheating is below 100o to 105o ° C with. Excess air takes place so that no carbon is deposited in the shards. In a familiar way For this purpose, the first burner is set with excess air or preheated Air introduced into the preheating zone. It is also very important in the event of a fire of porcelain at least a weak reducing fire control until the end of the heated zone to avoid the formation of pinholes - and flawless To receive porcelain. The latter is not easy to do with the previous ovens achieve, as this is only possible with a slight pull or slight pressure after the exit is possible. The pressure to the rear brings smoke and the sulfur content the heating gases blind porcelain, so-called covering. With the previous ovens therefore work hard to avoid the abovementioned inconveniences. However, the strong furnace draft has disadvantages in terms of uniform firing and temperature difference between the top and bottom in the preheating zone. The stronger the draft, the higher the temperature difference in the preheating zone, because of it the wagon impacts false air is sucked in with it.

Zweck der Erfindung ist, einen guten Ausbrand der Rauchgase in der Vorwärmzone zu erhalten, das Temperaturgefälle zwischen oben und unten zu verringern und mit Gasüberschuß bis zum Ende der Brennzone fahren zu können, ohne Belag oder verrauchtes Porzellan zu erhalten.The purpose of the invention is to ensure a good burnout of the flue gases in the To get a preheating zone, to reduce the temperature gradient between top and bottom and to be able to drive with excess gas to the end of the combustion zone without covering or to get smoky porcelain.

Um diese Vorteile zu erreichen, ist es notwendig, daß am Ende der Brennzone Heizgase abgeleitet werden. Diese Heizgase werden unter Zuführung von Luft, also stark oxydierend, durch Kanäle regelbar zur Vorwärmzone geleitet. Durch die hohe Temperatur diesef Heizgäse wird die untere Partie des Wagenbesatzes in der - Vorwärmzone aufgeheizt, so daß die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen oben und unten geringer wird trotz starken Luftüberschusses. Um mit Sicherheit ein Zurückdrücken von Heizgasen nach der Ofenausfahrt zu verhindern, wird am Ausfahrtende Luft direkt in das Ofeninnere gedrückt. Da eine stetige Lufterneuerung für das Ausbrennen der Rauchgase in der Vorwärmung erfolgt, kann kein verrauchtes oder blindes Porzellan (Belag) entstehen.In order to achieve these advantages, it is necessary that at the end of the Burning zone hot gases are derived. These heating gases are supplied with Air, i.e. strongly oxidizing, can be regulated through ducts to the preheating zone. By the high temperature of these heating guests becomes the lower part of the trolleys in the - preheating zone is heated so that the temperature difference between top and bottom becomes lower despite a strong excess of air. To be sure of a push back to prevent hot gases after the furnace exit is air directly at the exit end pressed into the interior of the oven. As a constant renewal of air for burning out the Smoke or blind porcelain cannot be used (Deposit) arise.

In Abb. i, 2 und 3 ist die Wirkungsweise des Ofens nach der Erfindung zu erkennen.In Fig. I, 2 and 3 the operation of the furnace according to the invention is to recognize.

Abb. i stellt den Längsschnitt des Ofens dar, Abb. 2 den Grundrißschnitt, Abb. 3 den Schnitt durch die Vorwärmzone mit den seitlichen Kanälen; Abb. 4 den Schnitt durch die Kanäle hinter der Brennzone, Abb. 5 den Schnitt durch die Abzugskanäle der Heißluft für Trockenzwecke, Abb. 6 den Schnitt durch die Kanäle der direkten Kühlluft an der Ausfahrt.Fig. I shows the longitudinal section of the furnace, Fig. 2 the plan section, Fig. 3 shows the section through the preheating zone with the lateral channels; Fig. 4 den Section through the channels behind the combustion zone, Fig. 5 the section through the exhaust channels the hot air for drying purposes, Fig. 6 the section through the channels of the direct Cooling air at the exit.

.a ist der Ofen, b die beheizte Zone, c die Vorwärmzone, d die Abkühlzone, e die Rauchabzüge, f die Abzugkanäle am Ende der Brennzone, g die seitlichen Kanäle, welche zu den Öffnungen 1a führen, i die Warmlüftzuführung über den Ventilator h und Kanäle L, m ist das System der indirekten Kühlung mit dem Ventilator n, welcher die angewärmte Luft zu den Trockenräumen drückt, o ist der Ventilator für direkte Kühlung, p sind die Düsen für die Luftzuführung, qu Abzugskanäle der direkten Kühlluft, die mit dem Ventilator n teilweise abgesaugt wird.a is the furnace, b the heated zone, c the preheating zone, d the cooling zone, e the smoke exhausts, f the exhaust ducts at the end of the combustion zone, g the lateral ducts that lead to the openings 1a, i the hot air supply via the fan h and channels L, m is the system of indirect cooling with the fan n, which presses the heated air to the drying rooms, o is the fan for direct cooling, p are the nozzles for the air supply, qu exhaust ducts for the direct cooling air, which are connected to the Fan n is partially extracted.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Tunnelofen zum Brennen von keramischen Gegenständen, insbesondere Porzellan, dadurch 'gekennzeichnet, daß am Ende der Brennzone mittels Kanälen (f) Heizgase abgeführt, diesen dann Warmluft zugemischt und die so mit Sauerstoff angereicherten heißen Gase zur Vorwärmung und" Erzeugung .einer oxydierenden Atmosphäre in die Vorwä_ rmzone (c) eingeführt werden. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 544 792, 562 8o9; französische Patentschrift Nr. 843041-PATENT CLAIM: Tunnel furnace for firing ceramic objects, in particular porcelain, characterized in that at the end of the firing zone heating gases are discharged by means of channels (f), warm air is then mixed in and the hot gases enriched with oxygen are used to preheat and generate an oxidizing atmosphere into the preheating zone (c). Considered publications: German patent specifications No. 544 792, 562 809; French patent specification No. 843041-
DER1016A 1950-02-19 1950-02-19 Tunnel furnace for firing ceramic objects, especially porcelain Expired DE947234C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER1016A DE947234C (en) 1950-02-19 1950-02-19 Tunnel furnace for firing ceramic objects, especially porcelain

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER1016A DE947234C (en) 1950-02-19 1950-02-19 Tunnel furnace for firing ceramic objects, especially porcelain

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE947234C true DE947234C (en) 1956-08-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DER1016A Expired DE947234C (en) 1950-02-19 1950-02-19 Tunnel furnace for firing ceramic objects, especially porcelain

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE947234C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1110565B (en) * 1956-09-17 1961-07-06 Porzellanfabrik Kahla Method and device to prevent sulphate or other deposits on the material to be fired in the cooling zone of ceramic tunnel ovens

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE544792C (en) * 1930-05-17 1932-02-20 Holding Ges Fuer Keramische We Process for heating tunnel ovens and ovens
DE562809C (en) * 1929-03-16 1932-10-29 Heinrich Koppers Akt Ges Procedure for the operation of tunnel ovens and tunnel ovens for the execution of the procedure
FR843041A (en) * 1938-02-28 1939-06-23 Improvements to tunnel kilns

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE562809C (en) * 1929-03-16 1932-10-29 Heinrich Koppers Akt Ges Procedure for the operation of tunnel ovens and tunnel ovens for the execution of the procedure
DE544792C (en) * 1930-05-17 1932-02-20 Holding Ges Fuer Keramische We Process for heating tunnel ovens and ovens
FR843041A (en) * 1938-02-28 1939-06-23 Improvements to tunnel kilns

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1110565B (en) * 1956-09-17 1961-07-06 Porzellanfabrik Kahla Method and device to prevent sulphate or other deposits on the material to be fired in the cooling zone of ceramic tunnel ovens

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