DE9416667U1 - Movable soil compaction vehicle - Google Patents

Description

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Mobile soil compaction vehicle

The invention relates to a mobile soil compaction vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

The data to be set for the compaction process, in particular vehicle data, are all data that are included in the compaction process of the soil to be compacted and an applied asphalt layer. This is in particular the vibration frequency, the deflection of the pressure exerting element in relation to the soil to be compacted and the compaction force acting on it. The independent adjustability is described, for example, in EP-A 0 411 349. The driving speed of the compaction vehicle is also included in the compaction process, as well as the temperature of the roller (drum) and its sprinkling with water, depending on the temperature of the surface to be compacted.

The object of the invention is to create a mobile soil compaction vehicle with which a perfect soil compaction can be achieved even with different materials to be compacted and soil conditions as well as in difficult terrain, in particular with area limitations, without the vehicle driver {"roller driver ¹¹ )

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overstress is feasible.

The solution to the problem is achieved by three solutions that can also be combined with one another. Firstly, the operating elements of the mobile soil compaction vehicle are arranged in such a way that they can be operated "blindly" by the driver and thus do not affect his attention. Secondly, the driver's "observation point ^11" on the soil compaction vehicle can be changed in such a way that he can easily see the area boundaries up to which he has to compact and can also easily set and change the compaction data for the soil compaction vehicle at this observation point. Thirdly, the driver can call up complete compaction programs from a data storage device on the soil compaction vehicle, which can be automatically transferred to the relevant machine components.

By using a joystick that can be deflected sideways in the x and y planes to control the direction of the soil compaction vehicle and its speed, a simple control option is provided. If buttons that can be operated with the thumb are integrated into the joystick head for compaction data that can be changed at short notice during operation, the driver can concentrate fully on moving his soil compaction vehicle.

If, in an advantageous design variant, the driver's cab is arranged so that it can be moved sideways, i.e. transversely to the direction of travel, it can on the one hand be guided past objects directly next to the track to be compacted, such as information signs. On the other hand, the driver's cab can be brought into a position in which a good and non-tiring observation of the field edge that is still to be compacted is possible.

If not just one but two control sticks are arranged on each side of the vehicle, the control readiness of which can be easily switched, this makes the driver's work even easier.

In order to enable the driver to quickly enter the data to be set and the data that has just been set, the keypads for setting the vehicle and compaction data are arranged in a very easy-to-understand combination of three, provided with pictograms and each with the same colored background for related functions. The combination of three was chosen because the number three is the highest number that a person can usually understand without counting or combining.

Another advantage is the storage of data from any frequently recurring compaction process as well as data from the most recently set compaction process. This allows the driver to always continue driving "seamlessly" with the data that has been set and tested after a short break, such as a phone call, a trip to the toilet, a short meeting with a colleague, a meal break, etc.

As explained below, a number of data must be set for the soil compaction vehicle in order to achieve optimum compaction. Some data must also be changed continuously during the compaction process. These settings and changes are now made using the joystick, the buttons on the joystick head and/or the buttons on a keypad in the driver's cab. In order to be able to check the set data and the data to be called up from a memory, they can be displayed in a field of view. Joystick, buttons and

Field of view must now be wired. To reduce the number of connecting cables, in a preferred design variant a number of conductors for the corresponding functions are combined and their data is sent to a single signal cable using a coding unit. The functions of 16 cables are preferably always coded to a single signal cable. Since the temporal data flow density in the soil compaction vehicle is not very high, the coded signals can be sent as individual "packets" with an identifier on the respective signal cable.

Soil compaction vehicles are used in rough construction operations. In order for the equipment used here to work maintenance-free, the expert was of the opinion that the adjustment elements of the equipment used here should also be coarse and robust. It was therefore far from his intention to choose a highly technical, delicate-looking adjustment and setting arrangement in the earth and stone processing industry.

In the following, examples of the soil compaction vehicle according to the invention and variants thereof are explained in more detail using drawings. They show:
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Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a soil compaction vehicle with a driver’s cab that can be moved transversely to the direction of travel,
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Fig. 2 a top view of the control panel of the soil compaction vehicle ,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a joystick of the control panel,

Fig. 4 an example of a display of compaction data on the field of view of the control panel and

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Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram for the connection of the switching functions of the soil compaction vehicle.
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The mobile soil compaction vehicle 1 shown schematically in a top view in Figure 1 has a front and a rear compaction roller 4 and 5, also called a drum, arranged below the driver's cab 3. The driver's cab 3 can be moved sideways, across the direction of travel of the vehicle 1 and is shown in Figure 1 on the left side of the vehicle in the forward direction of travel. This lateral displacement enables the driver to always position himself in such a way that he can clearly see the edge of the field to be compacted, here a row of curbs 7 on the left, and can therefore also drive along it without touching it or driving onto it. Damage to the row of curbs 7, for example, is thus almost impossible.

The control panel 9, shown in a top view in Figure 2 and arranged in the driver's cab 3 of the soil compaction vehicle 1, has two control sticks 10a and 10b arranged on its left and right sides. The control sticks 10a and 10b are arranged in such a way that they can also be operated by the driver when he leans out of a side window (not shown) on the left and right sides of the driver's cab 3. Each control stick 10a or 10b can be deflected up, down, left and right, i.e. in any direction in the horizontal x-y plane. The structure of each control stick 10a and 10b is selected in such a way that it remains self-locking in its deflection once it has been set. If the control stick 10a or 10b is deflected from the front, i.e. upwards in Figure 2, the forward travel of the soil compaction vehicle 1 is specified. The more the control stick 10a or 10b is deflected from its center

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position, the greater the specified vehicle speed v. The same applies to a deflection backwards, ie downwards in Figure 2. The deflection merely specifies a speed value v, which is then implemented by a control system in such a way that this takes place with a normal acceleration or with such a gentle acceleration, selectable with the button 39 described below, that no horizontal displacement of the surface to be compacted can occur.

If the control stick 10a or 10b is moved to the left or right, the front or rear roller 4 or 5 is adjusted to steer the soil compaction vehicle. The selection of the roller 4 or 5 to be controlled is made by a setting on the soil compaction vehicle 1 (not shown). Which of the rollers 4 or 5 is currently being controlled is shown by the lights 11a and 11b for the left control stick 10a and by the lights 12a and 12b for the right control stick 10b . If, for example, the light 11a lights up, the rear roller 5 is controlled with the left control stick 10a , while the front roller 4 is fixed in its middle position with the roller axis perpendicular to the direction of travel.

Which of the joysticks 10a or 10b is currently activated is shown by a left or right light 14a or 14b divided in the middle. When the joystick 10a is activated and travel is in reverse, for example, half 17a of the light 14a lights up. The same applies to the forward direction and to the other joystick 10b .

If, for example, the driver wants to switch from the joystick 10a to the joystick 10b , e.g. because he has to close the gap on the right side of the vehicle to a limit, he leaves the joystick 10a in its current position and moves to the

right side of the vehicle to the joystick 10b. The joystick 10b is now activated by a predetermined movement pattern carried out with it, ie it is put into control readiness. At this moment both joysticks 10a and 10b are activated. The driver can now control the machine with the left or right joystick 10a or 10b . The joystick 10a or 10b that is moved first remains activated. This type of control has the advantage that the driver can put both joysticks 10a and 10b into readiness when driving precisely and then control the soil compaction vehicle 1 from the side that is more critical.

As a movement pattern for activation, the joystick 10a or 10b to be activated, here joystick 10b, is now moved to the position of joystick 10a up to a position tolerance. If joystick 10b is in the relevant position range, light 14a and light 14b also light up. If joystick 10b is now moved out of this area again, light 14a goes out and only light 14b lights up. Only joystick 10b is now active. If joystick 10a is moved out of its position range first instead of joystick 10b , it remains active and joystick 10b loses its readiness.

Instead of this suggested movement pattern, other movement patterns can of course be used for activation.

Each joystick 10a and 10b has six function keys on its joystick head 19 on a keypad 20 arranged at an angle to the vertical joystick axis. The six function keys consist of a separate upper key 21 for setting the roller vibration, three keys 23a to 23c arranged in a row for

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Adjustment of the water quantity for sprinkling the front and rear rollers 4 and 5 respectively and two buttons 25a and 25b located under the three buttons 23a to 23c for adjusting the travel speed of the soil compaction vehicle 1.

Each time button 21 is pressed, the vibration of the front or rear roller is switched on or off. Which of the two or whether both rollers 4 and 5 should vibrate or not is set by pressing button 27a, which has an ochre background, for vibration of the front roller 4 and by pressing button 27b, which also has an ochre background, for vibration of the rear roller 5. If both the front and rear rollers 4 and 5 are to vibrate, both buttons 27a and 27b must be pressed. A high or low vibration amplitude is selected using button 27c, which also has an ochre background. Buttons 28a to 28c on control panel 9, which also have an ochre background, are also used to set the vibration. Button 28a completely switches off a vibration option. After switching off with this button 28a, vibration can no longer be switched on using button 21 in the keypad 20 of the joystick head 19. Button 28b causes a pre-selection for button 21. When button 28c is pressed, the system switches to automatic vibration operation, whereby if the soil compaction vehicle 1 is travelling at a speed of less than 2 km/h, the vibration is switched off and if the speed exceeds this value, it is switched on again. To make them easier to identify, the buttons 27a to 27c and 28a to 28c relating to the three vibration options are arranged in groups of three on the control panel 9 and are highlighted in one and the same color, here ochre.

With three keys 23a to 23c arranged in a row in the keypad. 20 αιαιεία.,καιαιείαια.βιαιεία.βιαιεία.βιαιεία.βιαιεία.βιαιεία. 19 is the irrigation

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The sprinkling of the front or rear roller 4 or 5 can be adjusted. By pressing button 31a on the control panel 9, the sprinkling is switched off completely and by pressing button 31b, the sprinkling is switched to manual operation using buttons 23a to 23c in the control head 19. When activated (press once) using button 31b, the sprinkling is then switched on and off using button 23b. By pressing button 23a in the control head 19, the sprinkling amount is gradually reduced and gradually increased using button 23c. Whether the sprinkling should only affect the front or only the rear roller 4 or 5 is set by pressing the blue button 29a or 29b. By pressing the button 31c, the spraying is switched to interval operation, whereby the interval times can also be changed using the buttons 23a and 23c in the control head. The basic setting of the spraying-free time and the spraying time is made via a menu display using the field of view 35 described below. If the button 29c is pressed, the release agent pump is activated to spray the relevant roller 4 or 5. The buttons 29a to 29c and 31a and 31c are highlighted in the same color, namely blue, since they are used to set the spraying process.

The speed of the soil compaction vehicle 1 is controlled by the deflection of the joystick 10a or 10b. The maximum speed, which can be reached when the joystick 10a or 10b is fully deflected, is set by pressing the buttons 25a or 25b on the joystick head 19. By pressing the button 25a, the maximum speed just set is reduced by one step and by pressing the button 25b, it is increased by one step.

In the top row of the control panel there are two warning lights 33a and 33b, which, when lit, indicate a Magchinep warning^, such as fuel

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fuel on reserve, alternator failed, water in front on reserve, engine oil pressure too low, ... The respective warning is shown as a pictogram in the field of vision 35. Between the two warning lights 33a and 33b, two groups of three are arranged in a row. In the first group of three there is a red button 36 for switching the hazard lights on and off. Next is a yellow button 37 for switching the flow divider on and off and the last of the group of three is a yellow button 39 with which the type of drive change or speed changes can be set between normal and gentle. This button is used to influence the drive acceleration ramp. In the subsequent three-button field with three yellow buttons 41a to 41c, the tire heating can be switched on or off with the first button 41a, an asphalt temperature measuring device can be switched on or off with the middle button, whereby the measured temperature is then displayed on the field of view 35, and a return trip buzzer can be switched on and off with the third button 41c.

Two further fields of three are arranged directly next to the field of vision 35. The group arranged to the left of the field of vision 35 has two green-backed buttons 43a and 43b for the left and right vehicle indicators and a yellow-backed button 44 for the horn. On the other side of the field of vision 35 there are three green-backed buttons 45a to 45c for switching the parking lights, dipped beam and high beam on and off. A drum light is switched on and off with a button 46, also with a green background, in a field of four buttons 47, the remaining buttons of which serve as reserves.

Below the keys 43a, 43b and 44 there is another green four-key field 49, of which only two of the keys are used to raise and lower the edge cutters. The remaining keys are also used as reserves. In addition to three-key fields, four-key fields are also used.

which are easily recognized because they can be disassembled at a glance into the two upper or two lower key fields or into the slanting diagonal.
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Below the keys 3la to 31c and 29a to 29c, further keys 50 are arranged, which are used to store machine data in and retrieve it from a memory 52. These keys can also be used to display operator guidance menus that can be displayed on the field of view 35.

Figure 4 shows an example of the representation of the compaction data with the field of view 35. The field of view 35 is divided into four subfields 51a to 51d. In subfield 51a, warnings such as fuel on reserve, alternator failed (the diesel engine is not running), water for the front or rear roller is on reserve, the engine oil pressure is too low (the engine is not running), the engine oil temperature is too high, the cooling water temperature is too high, V-belt break, the air filter is dirty, the hydraulic temperature is too high, the pressure of the feed hydraulics is too high, ... are shown using pictograms. In subfield 51b, the maximum speed of 10 km/h is shown according to pictogram 53a, the zero position of the joystick(s) 10a or 10b is shown according to pictogram 53b and the switchover to a gentle travel changeover using button 39 is shown according to pictogram 53c. In subfield 51c, a vibration in automatic mode switched on using button 28c is shown according to pictogram 54a, a vibration with a large amplitude switched on using button 27c is shown according to pictogram 54b and a sprinkling of rollers 4 and 5 switched off using button 31a is shown according to pictogram 54c. In subfield 51d, the asphalt temperature of 95° measured with a radiation temperature measuring device (not shown) which can be activated by key 41b is shown in accordance with pictogram 55a, and the vibration of the front and rear rollers 4 and 5, which can be activated by keys 29a and 29b, is shown in accordance with pictogram 55b.

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Figure 4 is intended only to give a general impression of the

There are display options on the field of view. The display of sub-programs, e.g. as used for setting the vibration frequency, the intervals for the sprinkling, the limit values for the rolling process based on the measured asphalt temperature, etc., will not be discussed here. All of these values can be stored in the machine memory 52 and called up again for compaction operation.

It has proven particularly advantageous to always save the most recently used compaction data so that it can be called up again after a short interruption, such as removing an obstacle on the surface to be compacted, going to the toilet, etc. and the compaction process can simply be continued without having to reset the data.

As already explained above, the compaction data of the soil compaction vehicle 1, which can be stored in the memory 52 and retrieved from there for automatic transfer to the relevant machine components, depends on the type of compaction to be carried out. This dependency is illustrated with the example below for compacting gravel and asphalt:

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Occurrence gravel asphalt Compaction frequency 3 2 Hz 48Hz Travel speed 3km/h 5km/h Acceleration ramp normal soft Vibration on/off by hand automatically Roller sprinkling a Interval operation
10 s off/5 s on Vibration amplitude 0.6mm 0.11mm

Care must be taken when setting the compaction data, as, for example, if the data is incorrect, gravel compaction may be insufficient or asphalt compaction may cause irreparable damage. It is therefore advisable, as explained above, to determine optimal compaction data by engineers and store them in memory 52. With these stored data, even a non-experienced driver of a soil compaction vehicle 1 can achieve optimal compaction.

As shown in the block diagram in Figure 5 , the signal lines 57a to 57n or 59a to 59n of the buttons 21, 23a, 23b, 23c, 25a and 25b for the control functions of the speed in the forward and reverse direction as well as the lateral control of the joystick 10a and the joystick 10b are combined in a coding unit 61a or 6lb in such a way that the signals can be fed on only one signal line 62a or 62b to a central unit 63 for processing. All signal lines 65a to 65n for the key and light functions of the control panel 9 without the field of view 35 are routed to the coding unit 61c and from there also go to the central unit 63 on a single signal line 62c . The signal lines 67a to 67n from and to the field of view 35 are connected to the coding unit 61d and those from and to the periphery

of the soil compaction vehicle 1 is coded with the coding unit 6le and routed to the central unit 63 via a signal line 62d or 62e.

In the illustration in Figure 5, power supply, shielding and grounding lines to the individual units have been omitted, as they only overload Figure 5 and do not contribute to understanding.

The wiring arrangement described above has resulted in extremely clear wiring that also takes up little space. This wiring arrangement makes it possible to make the control stick 10a or 10b removable from the control panel. The removed control stick can now be carried around in the driver's cab 3 connected to the control panel 9 by a cable, which on the one hand makes it much easier for the driver to control the soil compaction vehicle 1 and on the other hand also increases driving precision, as the driver can position himself in such a way that he can easily observe critical areas.

To move the joystick, you can hold it in one hand and the piece of land around which you want to move it in the other. The piece of land can also be placed in a holder that stands off to the side and is carried by the person and is preferably attached to the person with two straps.
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In addition to the joystick(s), one or more steering wheels for controlling the direction of the soil compaction vehicle 1 can also be arranged in the driver's cab 3.
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Instead of the six keys 21, 23a, 23b, 23c, 25a and 25b described above on the keypad 20 of the joystick head 19, more or fewer keys can be arranged.

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However, it should be noted that only the keys that are to be changed during operation should be arranged here. The arrangement of the keys, in particular their mutual spacing, should always be chosen so that they can be operated on the field 20 with the thumb. Instead of arranging the key field 20 on the front of the stick head 19, a key field can also be arranged on the opposite side, the keys of which would then be operated with the index, middle, ring and little fingers. The advantage of these keys would be that they can be operated more quickly than those operated only with the thumb. The disadvantage, however, would be that these keys would have to be operated almost "blindly", since they are not immediately recognizable at first glance, since they are on the back.

Claims (9)

1. Mobile soil compaction vehicle (1) for earthmoving and/or road construction, characterized in that the data essential for the compaction process, in particular those to be changed during this process, can be set with a control stick (10a, 10b) which can be deflected laterally, preferably in the xy plane, and first function keys (21, 23a-c, 25a/b) arranged in the stick head (19) thereof. 2. Soil compaction vehicle (1) according to claim 1, characterized by two control sticks (10a, 10b) each arranged in the region of the respective vehicle longitudinal side, in particular in the lateral longitudinal region of the vehicle driver's cab (3), the control functions of which can be coupled to one another in such a way that only one of the control sticks (10a, 10b) can be used for control, but preferably both can be brought into a control readiness, wherein the control readiness of the other control stick (10b, 10a) can be achieved preferably when the first control stick (10a, 10b) is at a standstill via a predetermined movement pattern of the other control stick (10b, 10a) and can be displayed in particular by a signal element (14a/b) . 3. Soil compaction vehicle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first and second second function keys (21, 23a-c; 25a/b; 27a-c; 28a-c; 29a-c; 31a-c; 36, 37, 39; 41a-c; 43a/b, 44; 45a-c) arranged on a control panel (9) in the driver's cab (3) of the soil compaction vehicle (1) are arranged in fields, preferably in groups of three and/or smaller groups, whereby in particular analogous functions of the respective function keys (27a-c/28a-c; 29a-c/31a-c; 37/39/41a-c; 43a-c/45a-c/46) are arranged with one and the same background color. -17-be are occupied. 4. Soil compaction vehicle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the key surface of the function keys (21, 23a-c; 25a/b; 27a-c; 28a-c; 29a-c; 31a-c; 36, 37, 39; 41a-c; 43a/b, 44; 45a-c) has a pictogram representation to identify the function that can be influenced and/or called up with it.
10 5. Soil compaction vehicle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, in particular according to claim 3, characterized by a field of view (35) in which the essential current data for soil compaction can be displayed, preferably in the form of a pictogram, and which is integrated into a control panel (9) in particular together with the field-arranged function keys (27a-c; 28a-c; 29a-c; 31a-c; 36, 37, 39; 41a-c; 43a/b, 44; 45a-c). 6. Soil compaction vehicle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, in particular according to claim 3, characterized in that the control stick(s) (10a, 10b) together with function keys (27a-c; 28a-c; 29a-c; 31a-c; 36, 37, 39; 41a-c; 43a/b, 44; 45a-c) is/are arranged on the control panel (9) and in particular is/are removable from it. 7. Soil compaction vehicle (1), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by a storage unit, with which setting data of the soil compaction vehicle (1) for the soil compaction process can be stored and retrieved again for instantaneous soil compaction. 8. Soil compaction vehicle (1) according to one of claims 1 to _7, characterized by at least one coding unit (6la.-rei, with« the ..dex. signal content of the radio tion keys (21, 23a~c; 25a/b; 27a-c? 28a-c; 29a-c; 31a-c; 36, 37, 39; 41a-c; 43a/b, 44; 45a-c) and can be transformed into information to be transmitted on only one data line (62a-e) in order to reduce the number of connecting lines (51a-n, 59a-n, 65a-n, 67a-n). 9. Soil compaction vehicle (1), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by a driver's cab (3) that can be moved transversely to the direction of travel of the soil compaction vehicle (1), so that the driver can easily identify and observe edge areas to be compacted and can avoid obstacles in the vicinity of an edge to be compacted.