DE929253C - Process for the partial synthesis of colchicoside from the autumn crocus - Google Patents

Process for the partial synthesis of colchicoside from the autumn crocus

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Publication number
DE929253C
DE929253C DEU2084A DEU0002084A DE929253C DE 929253 C DE929253 C DE 929253C DE U2084 A DEU2084 A DE U2084A DE U0002084 A DEU0002084 A DE U0002084A DE 929253 C DE929253 C DE 929253C
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Prior art keywords
colchicoside
autumn crocus
partial synthesis
substance
solvent
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DEU2084A
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German (de)
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Gaston Amiard
Paul Bellet
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UCLAF SOC
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UCLAF SOC
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/88Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
    • A61K36/896Liliaceae (Lily family), e.g. daylily, plantain lily, Hyacinth or narcissus
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07HSUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H15/00Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
    • C07H15/20Carbocyclic rings
    • C07H15/24Condensed ring systems having three or more rings
    • C07H15/248Colchicine radicals, e.g. colchicosides

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Teilsynthese des Colchicosids aus der Herbstzeitlose Die Erfindung betrifft eine Teilsynthese des Colchicosids C7 H33 O11 N, das aus der Herbstzeitlose gewonnen wird. In dem Patent 926 489 wird ein neues Glucosid, das sogenannte Colchicosid der Formel Cz7Haa011N, beschrieben, welches in rechteckigen Prismen kristallisiert, nach Erweichen bei ungefähr igo°, bei 2,16 bis 2r8° schmilzt und in wäßriger i%iger Lösung stark nach links dreht: [a]ö - - 36o° ± 3°. Nach diesem Verfahren wird die Herbstzeitlose zunächst mit einem Lösungsmittel, welches alle aktiven Bestandteile mit Ausnahme des Colchicosids löst, erschöpfend extrahiert und dann der Rückstand mit einem anderen Lösungsmittel, welches das Colchicosid löst, behandelt und dieses aus der erhaltenen Lösung abgeschieden.Process for the partial synthesis of the colchicoside from the autumn crocus The invention relates to a partial synthesis of the colchicoside C7 H33 O11 N, which is obtained from the autumn crocus. Patent 926 489 describes a new glucoside, the so-called colchicoside of the formula Cz7Haa011N, which crystallizes in rectangular prisms, after softening at around igo °, melts at 2.16 to 2r8 ° and strongly to the left in aqueous 1% solution turns: [a] ö - - 36o ° ± 3 °. According to this process, the autumn crocus is first extracted exhaustively with a solvent which dissolves all active ingredients with the exception of the colchicoside and then the residue is treated with another solvent which dissolves the colchicoside and this is separated from the resulting solution.

Nach dem Verfahren der Erfindung wird dieses Colchicosid auf einem anderen Wege, und zwar aus einem Bestandteil der Herbstzeitlose, hergestellt, der eine freie phenolische Gruppe enthält und durch S a n t av y und R ei ch s t ei n (Helv. Chim. Acta, Bd. 33, 1950, S. 16o6) unter der Bezeichnung »Substanz C« beschrieben worden ist.According to the method of the invention, this colchicoside is on a other ways, namely from a component of the autumn crocus, the contains a free phenolic group and is represented by S a n t av y and R ei ch s t ei n (Helv. Chim. Acta, Vol. 33, 1950, p. 16o6) described under the name "Substance C" has been.

Das Verfahren besteht darin, daß man zuerst die a-Tetraacetylbromglukose mit der freien phenolischen Gruppe der »Substanz C« der Herbstzeitlose nach folgendem Reaktionsschema kondensiert dann das erhaltene Tetraacetylcolchicosid mit Alkali in einem Lösungsmittel, wie Alkohol, verseift,, das hydrolysierte Produkt extrahiert und z. B. aus Alkohol kristallisiert.The process consists in first condensing the α-tetraacetylbromoglucose with the free phenolic group of "substance C" of the autumn crocus according to the following reaction scheme then the obtained tetraacetylcolchicoside is saponified with alkali in a solvent such as alcohol, the hydrolyzed product is extracted and z. B. crystallized from alcohol.

Das entstandene Colchicosid ist mit dem Naturprodukt C27H"011N identisch.The resulting colchicoside is identical to the natural product C27H "011N.

Das Colchicosid wird biologisch im reinen Zustand oder in einem Lösungsmittel oder in Suspension, insbesondere zur Kernteilung (Mitose oder Karyokinese) und zur Herstellung von Polyploiden, verwendet. Das Colchicosid besitzt Eigenschaften, welche denen des Colchicins ähnlich sind, aber es läßt sich wesentlich besser verarbeiten.The colchicoside is biologically pure or in a solvent or in suspension, especially for nuclear division (mitosis or karyokinesis) and for Production of polyploids, used. The colchicoside has properties which are similar to those of colchicine, but it is much easier to process.

Das Verfahren wird im -Beispiel näher erläutert. Beispiel_ Zu o,8 g kristallisierter »Substanz C«, Schmelzpunkt 18o bis igo°, dann 275 bis 28o°; (in Chloroform), welche in 3 ccm normaler Natronlauge gelöst sind, fügt man bei o° 4 ccm einer 25°/oigen acetonischen Lösung von a-Acetobromglukose. Die Mischung wird nach 24stündigem Stehen bei 15 bis 2o° mit i2 ccm Wasser verdünnt, der man sodann 8 ccm Chloroform zusetzt, um das acylierte Produkt zu lösen, sodann wird i ccm normale Natronlauge zum Neutralisieren der gebildeten Bromwasserstoffsäure und Lösen der nicht umgesetzten »Substanz C« zugegeben. Nach gutem Rühren und Abtrennen des Chloroforms wird dieses mit 1/2 n-Natronlauge, um noch vorhandene Spuren von nicht umgesetzter phenolischer Substanz zu entfernen, sodann mit Wasser gewaschen und hierauf über wasserfreiem Natriumsulfat getrocknet. Nach dem Abdestillieren des Lösungsmittels erhält man ein klargelbes Harz, das man in 2 ccm Chloroform löst, dem man allmählich 4 ccm Äther zufügt, wodurch sich 0,46 g rechteckiger Kristalle des Tetraacetylcolchicosids abscheiden, die bei 175 bis i77° (im Block) _ schmelzen. Eine Umkristallisation aus Chloroform-Äther ändert diesen Schmelzpunkt nicht mehr ab. Das Produkt ist linksdrehend, (10/,) in Chloroform).The procedure is explained in more detail in the example. Example_ To 0.8 g of crystallized "substance C", melting point 180 to igo °, then 275 to 28o °; (in chloroform), which are dissolved in 3 cc of normal sodium hydroxide solution, are added at 0 ° 4 cc to a 25% acetone solution of α-acetobromoglycose. After standing at 15 to 20 ° for 24 hours, the mixture is diluted with 12 cc of water, to which 8 cc of chloroform is then added to dissolve the acylated product, then 1 cc of normal sodium hydroxide solution is used to neutralize the hydrobromic acid formed and dissolve the unreacted substance C «admitted. After thorough stirring and separation of the chloroform, this is washed with 1/2 N sodium hydroxide solution in order to remove any traces of unreacted phenolic substance, then washed with water and then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After the solvent has been distilled off, a clear yellow resin is obtained which is dissolved in 2 cc of chloroform, to which 4 cc of ether is gradually added, whereby 0.46 g of rectangular crystals of tetraacetylcolchicoside separate out, which at 175 to 177 ° (in the block) _ melt. Recrystallization from chloroform-ether no longer changes this melting point. The product rotates to the left, (10 /,) in chloroform).

Analyse: C"H410"N = 715,7. Acetylzahl: Berechnet 30,5°/0; gefunden 28,9°/o.Analysis: C "H410" N = 715.7. Acetyl number: calculated 30.5 ° / 0; found 28.9%.

Man löst 0,3 g des Tetraacetylcolchicosids in 3 ccm absolutem Alkohol und fügt zu der Lösung 4 Tropfen i%ige alkoholische Natronlauge. Die Verseifung geht schnell vonstatten, und das Colchicosid kristallisiert aus. Nach dem Absaugen und Trocknen bei ioo° erhält man o,igo g einer Substanz, welche nach dem Umkristallisieren aus absolutem Alkohol bei 2i6 bis 2i8° (im Block) schmilzt. Der Mischschmelzpunkt mit natürlichem Colchicosid ist nicht erniedrigt. (i°/oige wäßrige Lösung). Analyse: C27H"011N = 547,5. N-Acetylzahl: Berechnet 7,9; gefunden 7,9. 0.3 g of the tetraacetyl colchicoside is dissolved in 3 cc of absolute alcohol and 4 drops of 1% alcoholic sodium hydroxide solution are added to the solution. The saponification is quick and the colchicoside crystallizes out. After suctioning off and drying at 100 °, o. Igo g of a substance is obtained which, after recrystallization from absolute alcohol, melts at from 21 to 28 ° (in a block). The mixed melting point with natural colchicoside is not lowered. (100% aqueous solution). Analysis: C27H "011N = 547.5. N-Acetyl Number: Calculated 7.9; found 7.9.

Es sei noch bemerkt, daß das auf natürlichem Wege gewonnene Colchicosid durch Acetylierung in das Tetraacetylcolchicosid übergeführt werden kann.It should also be noted that the naturally obtained colchicoside can be converted into the tetraacetylcolchicoside by acetylation.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Teilsynthese des Colchicosids C27H33011N aus der Herbstzeitlose, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die freie phenolische Gruppe eines aus der Herbstzeitlose extrahierten Begleitstoffes, der bereits unter dem Namen »Substanz C« bekannt ist, mit a-Acetobromglukose kondensiert, dann das gebildete Tetraacetylcolchicosid mit Alkali in einem Lösungsmittel, wie Alkohol, verseift, das Glukosid extrahiert und aus einem Lösungsmittel, wie Alkohol, umkristallisiert,PATENT CLAIM: Process for the partial synthesis of the colchicoside C27H33011N from the autumn crocus, characterized in that one has the free phenolic group an accompanying substance extracted from the autumn crocus, which is already under the Name "substance C" is known, condensed with a-acetobromoglucose, then the formed Tetraacetylcolchicoside saponified with alkali in a solvent such as alcohol, the glucoside is extracted and recrystallized from a solvent such as alcohol,
DEU2084A 1952-03-28 1953-03-11 Process for the partial synthesis of colchicoside from the autumn crocus Expired DE929253C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR929253X 1952-03-28

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DE929253C true DE929253C (en) 1955-06-23

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