DE923009C - Process for the production of high molecular weight alcohols - Google Patents

Description

'Process for the production of high molecular weight alcohols The condensing Treatment of aldehydes and ketones is already known. By hydrogenation of this The condensation products obtained form high molecular weight alcohols. The ones processed so far Starting materials contained, besides, aldehydes, ketones, aldolenr, acetals and others oxygen-containing compounds do not contain saturated hydrocarbons. Also were these starting materials are not converted to olefinic ones by catalytic water gas attachment Carbon bonds made.

It has been found that particularly valuable high molecular weight alcohols are obtained with at least 6 carbon atoms in the molecule through condensing and hydrogenating Treatment of products obtained from the catalytic attachment of water gas to unsaturated, in particular olefinic hydrocarbon mixtures which contain large amounts of paraffinic hydrocarbons. The peculiar structure the water gas addition products allows the manufacture of novel. Condensation products. The subsequent hydrogenation results in high molecular weight alcohols with particularly valuable Properties. These products are both highly viscous and deeply stocky and possess a low vapor pressure. They are useful in; excellent way; z. B. as a plasticizer, Lubricant, hydraulic working fluids and as raw materials for the production of sulfanated detergents or wetting agentsi.

For the condensation of the - water gas addition products are alkalis, z. B. potassium hydroxide solution or sodium hydroxide solution, suitable. Those not connected to the water gas system Participating accompanying substances of the olefinic hydrocarbon mixture can be either take it into the condensation process or beforehand: completely or partially split off.

It is particularly advantageous that structure is obtained in the new process and properties of the high molecular weight alcohols produced, the desired use -Can adapt to a large extent. The reaction of olefins with water gas delivers . Quite certain mixtures of the same or different molecular size, which are now arbitrarily supply the condensation in the appropriate selection or combination permit. -One can, for example, narrow-cut olefinic hydrocarbon fractionsi, which only one. Contain molecule size, treat with water gas and the resulting Addition products condense with themselves. This results in alcohols of uniform molecular structure and corresponding properties. But you can also a broad band of olefinic hydrocarbons, the successive ones Molecular sizes; contains and z. B. by hydrocarbon splitting or Kohlemxydhydri, erung is easily accessible, react with water gas and the resulting mixture from. Subject oxo compounds to condensation. In the subsequent hydrogenation This then results in an inseparable mixture of high molecular weight alcohols with molecules of the most varied of size and structure. Mixtures built up in such a complex manner are for certain areas of use, e.g. B. for SehmierzwedQe, particularly advantageous.

But it is also possible to use olefins of smaller molecular size and olefins higher molecular size., either separately or together with water gas to .handeln in order to condense the resulting aldehyde products and 'to hydrogenate. In this way, alcohol mixtures are obtained which differ in their composition and in their physical properties essentially from the reaction products just mentioned differentiate.

The execution of the method will be explained in more detail with reference to the following exemplary embodiment. EXAMPLE 500 cc of a fraction from the Kahlenoxide hydrogenation boiling between 150 and 230 ' and containing 500 per cent olefins were treated with water gas using a cobalt mixed catalyst at 20 ° and 18 ° atm. The resulting reaction product was mixed with 2,000 cc of methanol to which 5110 metallic sodium had previously been admixed. A violent reaction occurred with a sharp increase in temperature. The resulting condensation product was washed cold with a sufficient amount of water and freed from the condensation agent.

The washed-out product had a density D o = 0.825 and a refractive index n D = 1.4462, its OH number was 87, its neutralization number NZ = 3. It was at 140 ° under a pressure of r50 atm. hydrogenated with a cobalt mixed contact. After 2 hours, the hydrogen uptake was complete, so that the catalyst filtered off, and the hydrogenation product with dilute nitric acid of; the recorded. Metal residues could be freed. After this acid treatment, the product was washed neutral with water and an end product was obtained which had the following properties: hydroxyl number ... OHZ = 2o2 neutralization number NZ = o density . . . . . . . . . . . . Dü ° = 0.832 refractive index .... nD = 1.4458.

After distilling off the araffin hydrocarbons present, 158o ccm of valuable, highly viscous oil with an OH number of 256, a neutralization number NZ = 0, a density Dz4 = 0.868 and a refractive index n D = 1, 592 was obtained. : The viscosity at 3o0 was V30 = 9, o 1 '°' E and at 5o0 to V5, = 3.6 ° 'E. The viscosity pole height was found to be VPH = 2.34. The pour point was -43 "# and the cloud point was -400.

The product was suitable, for example, as a lubricating oil for refrigeration machines.

Claims (1)

PATI: NTANSPRU.CI3: Process for the production of high molecular weight alcohols with at least 6 carbon atoms in the molecule by condensation of mixtures of aliphatic oxo compounds in the presence of basic agents and subsequent hydrogenation of the condensation products, characterized in that starting mixtures are processed which are processed by the catalytic addition of water gas to unsaturated ones , in particular olefin-containing hydrocarbons, which contained large amounts of paraffin hydrocarbons. Cited references: British Patent Nos. 309,200 , 461,662; French patent specification No. 832 O72.