DE9210406U1 - Hand tool with hydraulic drive - Google Patents

Description

Description

The electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics for hand tools and associated clamping devices and dies.

The invented multi-purpose electric hand hydraulics and associated clamping devices and dies relate to electrical engineering and mechanics.

The hydraulics in general are hand-operated. When operating them, they must be held with both hands. Thus, their application is limited. In the structure, in order to ensure the compression ability of the first piston (namely, the piston of the hydraulic plunger pump), the hand lever of the hydraulic plunger pump must keep a certain length. Thus, its weight cannot be effectively reduced and its size cannot be effectively reduced.

The object of the invention is to offer a hand hydraulic that can be operated with one hand and is driven by an electric motor. With various clamping devices and dies, it can conveniently complete many technological processing in the electrical and mechanical construction projects such as pushing, pulling, pressing, tearing, cutting, extruding, compressing, expanding and bending, etc. and ease the labor intensity of the operators and improve the quality of the construction project.

The object of the invention is achieved by using an electric motor, which, by reducing the speed, directly drives the piston of the plunger pump from the hydraulic system, so that the working fluid is pressed into the cylinder of the working piston and the working piston is thereby operated. According to Pascal's law: The pressure strength acting on a hermetic fluid can be constantly transmitted through the fluid in different directions. (From the textbook "Physics" in Chinese). Namely: "Inside and at the interfaces of a fluid, the static pressure is the same everywhere.

*The force acting on a surface due to pressure in liquids is always directed perpendicular to this surface.

"■■The two forces acting on the piston behave like the corresponding piston surfaces. (from the textbook "Basic Knowledge of Physics" Körner, Technik-Tabellen-Verlag Fikentscher & Co, Darmstadt 1977)
Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the working piston must be as large as

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can be increased if it is required that the force from the working piston of the hydraulic system must be large, namely: F=pS (F means the force that is delivered or carried by the working piston, S means the cross-sectional area of the piston, ρ means the pressure of the liquid). Since the liquid cannot be compressed, the path of the working piston is equal to the quotient of the volume of liquid that is pumped into the cylinder of the working piston by the plunger of the plunger pump, divided by the cross-sectional area of the working piston. In order to be able to pump the liquid safely and quickly enough into the cylinder of the working piston, the cross-sectional area of the pump plunger must not be too small. But it must not be too large either. If the pump plunger is too large, a greater force is required to drive the pump plunger. Under the constant conditions of human power, this means that the lever must be lengthened, that is, the size and weight of the hydraulic system must be increased. If the pump plunger is too thin, the time in which the operating fluid is pumped in must be extended, or the operating frequency of the pump plunger must be increased. But this is relatively difficult for human power. If you have to continuously operate the lever of a hand hydraulic system at a frequency of 80 l/min, you will already feel tired after a minute, but this tiredness can quickly disappear. If you continuously operate the lever at a frequency of 160 l/min for a minute, the tiredness caused by this must be eliminated in a longer or multiple time. If you operate the lever at a frequency of 240 l/min, the human attention has already left the work goal, and the tiredness that arises in one minute must be eliminated in more than ten minutes. Of course, such a tool is not convenient to use. Based on the above analysis, in this invention the manual hydraulics, which are normally driven by a hand lever, will be driven by an electric motor. Due to the elimination of the hand lever, the weight of the hydraulics does not need to increase, but their size can be reduced. Due to the use of an electric motor drive, the operating frequency of the hydraulics, although very high, does not disturb the operator's attention. Due to the use of an electric motor drive, the manual hydraulics can be operated with one hand. This means convenience in handling for the operator, and a guarantee of quality when processing the electrical and mechanical structure.

The electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics and associated special clamping devices and dies of this invention consist of

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Hydraulics (body), driver, controller, device housing and various special clamping devices, dies and slot irons. The hydraulics (body) consists of working cylinder, working piston, return spring for working piston, pump plunger, plunger pump cylinder, pump plunger guide column and return spring, one-way valve, pressure relief valve and operating fluid bag. The cylinder of the working piston is arranged together with the cylinder of the plunger pump in a column body, connected in between by a one-way valve. The working piston has the shape of a T-shaped column. The thick end (namely piston) is located in the cylinder of the working piston. The narrow end (namely guide column) is radially attached to the cylinder mouth of the working piston by a sealing support ring so that the working piston can only be moved axially back and forth. The sealing support ring and working piston are supported in between by the return spring of the working piston. The pump plunger is also a T-shaped structure, it is a narrow column body. At the end of the pump plunger which is outside the cylinder of the hydraulic plunger pump, there is a smooth support plate (a T-shaped structure is formed between the pump plunger and the smooth support plate). Both sides of the smooth support plate are folded over on both guide columns of the pump plunger. The elasticity of the return spring will return the pump plunger to its place through the smooth support plate. Another function of the smooth support plate is to transmit the rolling force from the eccentric to the piston of the hydraulic plunger pump, and thus the piston can move back and forth in the cylinder of the plunger pump, so the working fluid is sucked out of the rubber bag of the working fluid through the one-way valve into the hydraulic cylinder of the plunger pump and further pressed into the hydraulic cylinder of the working piston through the other one-way valve.

The driver consists of the electric motor, the gear group for the speed drop, the eccentric (you can also use crankshaft, connecting rod, etc. driving method for hydraulic plunger pump, but here it is with eccentric.) and the power source. (The power source is the electricity from the socket. Cable and plug are available. Another option is batteries and rechargeable batteries.)

The controller consists of the power switch, the pressure relief valve and the pressure relief latch.

The housing of the hand hydraulics is made of metal or plastic. Its shape is designed so simple and compact that the hand hydraulics can be operated comfortably and the hydraulic body, driver and controller can be securely attached. (e.g. pistol

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shape, column shape, etc.)

The special clamping devices and dies are designed for pressing, pulling, punching, cutting and pressing, pulling or bending. In particular, they are press tool holders, shearing pliers, drawing tubes, pipe bender and pulling hooks, etc. The clamping devices are connected to the working piston or cylinder of the working piston of the hydraulics depending on the processing purpose. The connection and fastening forms can be screw fastening or bayonet fastening. The connection and fastening between the hydraulics and the clamping device can also be realized using bolts, screws, etc. For dies and cutting dies, mainly the general standard items are used. Special dies and cutting dies can also be designed and manufactured according to technological requirements.

The invention is shown in more detail below with the figures. Figure 1 is a concrete external structural diagram of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics and associated clamping devices and dies of the invention. Below this, 2 is the hydraulic part; 3 is the electrical operating part; 4 is the control part; 5 is the clamping device part; 6 is the part of the dies and cutting dies; 7 is the device housing part.

Figure 2 is a concrete structural sectional view of the hydraulic part of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics of the invention. In Figure 2 and Figure 2.1, 2a is the cylinder for the working piston; 2b is the working piston; 2c is the spring for the return of the working piston; 2d is the cylinder for the pump plunger; 2e is the pump plunger; 2f is the guide columns for the pump plunger; 2g is the spring for the position return of the pump plunger; 2h is the one-way valve; 2i is the valve for pressure release; 2j is the liquid return hole for pressure release; 2k is the rubber bag for the operating liquid. In Figure 2.1.1, the return spring of the pump plunger 2g is in the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d. Figure 2.1.2 shows another drive form for the pump plunger 2e, in which the crankshaft 3b,1 and the connecting rod 3b.2 are used. Figure 2.1.3 shows the cross-smooth groove method, in which 2f is the guide column and 2f.1 is the cross-smooth groove. And 3c.1 is a small eccentric that rolls in the cross-smooth groove. Figure 2.2 is a concrete structural sectional image of the hydraulic part of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics of the invention, in which the working piston 2b is supposed to pull inwards in order to perform the processing. Figure 2.3 shows three different structural forms between the cylinder of the working piston and the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d.

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Figure 3 is a concrete external structural image of the operational part of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics of the invention. In it, 3a is the electric motor; 3b is the gear group for speed reduction; 3c is the eccentric.

Figure 4 is a concrete external structural diagram of the control part of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics of the invention. In it, 4a is the power switch for the electric motor; 4b is the pressure release latch; 4c is the pushrod for the pressure release valve; 4d is the overload protection switch for the electric motor.

Figure 5a to Figure 5h are eight concrete example structure images of the clamping devices of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics of the invention. In them, 5a is the hook-shaped clamp for pressing, pressing, cutting and punching, etc. (clamp for pressing dies); 5b is the tubular clamp for processing such as pulling, pulling out, expanding, etc. (punch-pulling bush); 5c is the cutting shears for wire cutting processing; 5d is the pulling clamp for removing bearings, bushes, bolts, etc.; 5e is the bender for bending wire and tube materials.

Figure 6a to Figure 6f are the examples of the dies and cutting dies equipped for attaching the processing such as punching, pulling, pushing, extracting, cutting, pressing, compressing, expanding etc. of the multi-purpose electric hand hydraulics of the invention.

When operating, press the power switch 4a, which is located on the handle of the multi-purpose electric hand hydraulics. The electric motor 3a immediately drives the speed reduction gear group 3b and causes the eccentric 3c to drive the piston of the plunger pump 2e to move back and forth in the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d. The piston of the plunger pump 2e will press the operating liquid, which it has sucked out from the rubber bag of operating liquid 2k, into the cylinder of the working piston 2a through the one-way valve 2h. The increase in the volume of the operating liquid in the cylinder of the working piston 2a forces the working piston 2b to protrude from the cylinder of the working piston 2a. The protrusion of the working piston allows a position to exist between the dies or between the cutting dies, which are attached to the cylinder of the working piston, so that the machining task is completed. After the processing task has been completed, the pressure release latch 4b is pressed, due to the pressure force of the return spring of the working piston 2c, the operating fluid is forced to flow back into the operating fluid rubber bag 2k through the pressure release valve 2i and the fluid return hole for pressure release 2j, the working piston 2b is put back in place

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return and be ready to do the next job.

During operation, one may sometimes forget to turn off the power switch 4a due to loss of attention among other reasons after finishing the machining tasks, in this situation the operating fluid will continue to be pumped into the cylinder of the working piston 2a and the working piston 2b will protrude further, when it protrudes to a certain point, the position rod will be hit by the special clamps and dies on the switch-off rod (namely push rod) of the pressure relief valve 4c, so that the pressure relief valve 2i will be pushed off and the pumped operating fluid will no longer drive the working piston 2b, but will flow back from the cylinder of the working piston 2a through the pressure relief valve 2i and the fluid return hole of the pressure relief 2j into the rubber bag of the operating fluid 2k. Although the electric motor 3a is still driving the plunger pump during this time, the hydraulic system is already out of operation. This not only protects the clamping devices, dies and cutting dies, but also the hydraulic system so that they are not damaged by over-exertion. To protect the hydraulic system, two more measures can be taken. One is to make a position hole for liquid return in a certain place of the cylinder of the working piston 2a (namely in the place of the greatest piston travel of the working piston 2b), which should be connected to the liquid return hole of the pressure release 2j. When the working piston 2b comes to this place, the working liquid will flow directly from the position hole through the liquid return hole of the pressure release 2j into the rubber bag of the working liquid 2k. And the working piston 2b will naturally stop moving. The other possibility is the liquid ration method; namely, the amount of operating fluid in the rubber bag of operating fluid 2k is such that it is sufficient to push the working piston 2b out of the cylinder of the working piston 2a at a certain point, there are no other options. Because the piston of the plunger pump 2e cannot suck out operating fluid from the rubber bag of operating fluid 2k, the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d is in a vacuum state at this moment. The piston of the plunger pump 2e has the support of the spring of the return of the pump plunger 2g, but cannot return to its place because the piston of the plunger pump 2e is reduced from atmospheric pressure to negative pressure. The plunger pump has in fact already left contact with the driving part. All driving parts in which the electric motor 3a, gear

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group responsible for the speed drop 3b and eccentric 3c will continue to operate, but the hydraulics will not be affected or damaged.

Description of the embodiments

1. The electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics and associated clamping devices and dies relate to electrical engineering and mechanics. The invention is made up of the hydraulics (2), the driver (3), the controller (4), the housing (7) and the various special clamping devices (5) as well as dies and cutting dies. Their special feature is:

1.1. The hydraulic system (2) consists of the cylinder of the working piston 2a, working piston 2b, return spring for working piston 2c, cylinder of the plunger pump 2d, piston of the plunger pump 2e, the guide columns of the pump plunger 2f and return spring of the pump plunger 2g, one-way valve 2h, pressure relief valve 2i, liquid return hole for pressure relief 2j and rubber bag of the working liquid 2k. The cylinder of the working piston 2a is arranged together with plunger pump cylinder 2d in a column body and connected between them by one-way valve 2i. The working piston 2b is the shape of a T-shaped column. The thicker end (namely piston) is in the cylinder of the working piston 2a. The narrower end (namely the guide column) is attached radially to the cylinder moon of the working piston 2a by a sealing support ring 2a.1 so that the working piston 2b can only be pushed back and forth axially. The return spring of the working piston 2c is supported between the sealing support ring 2a.1 and the working piston 2b. (Figure 2) (Figure 2.2).

1.2. The plunger of the plunger pump 2e is also a T-shaped structure. It is a narrow column body. At the end of the pump plunger which is outside the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d, there is a smooth support plate (The support plate is perpendicular to the plunger pump piston. The pump plunger and the smooth support plate form a T-shaped structure). Both sides of the smooth support plate are folded over on both guide columns of the pump plunger 2f. The elasticity of the return spring of the pump plunger 2g will return the plunger of the plunger pump 2e to its place through the smooth support plate. Another function of the smooth support plate is the transmission of the rolling force from the eccentric 3c to the piston of the plunger pump 2e and thus the piston 2e can move back and forth in the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d, so the operating fluid from the rubber bag of the operating fluid 2k is sucked through the one-way valve 2h into the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d and further pressed through the other one-way valve 2h into the cylinder of the working piston 2a.
(Figure 2.1).

1.3. The driver (3) consists of the electric motor 3a, the gear group for the speed reduction 3b, eccentric 3c (you can also

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Crankshaft and connecting rod etc. Use the drive method for plunger pump, but here it is with eccentric.) and power source. (The power source is the electricity from the socket. Cable and plug are available. There is also another option using batteries and rechargeable batteries (Figure 3).

1.4. The controller (4) consists of the current switch 4a and the pressure release latch 4b, the pressure release valve switch rod 4c and the electric motor overload protection switch 4d (Figure 4).

1.5. The special clamping devices (5) are of four types in pressing, pulling, cutting and extracting. Individually they are the pressing tool holder 5a, the shearing pliers 5b, the drawing tube 5c, the pipe bender 5d and the extracting hook 5e etc. Depending on the processing purpose, the clamping devices are connected to the working piston 2b or cylinder of the working piston 2a by the hydraulics. The connection and fastening forms can be by screw fastening or by bayonet fastening. The connection and fastening between the hydraulics and the clamping device can also be realized by bolts, screwdrivers etc. (Figure 5).

1.6. Dies and cutting dies (6) are special dies and cutting dies designed according to technological requirements. General items can also be used (Figure 6).

1.7. The housing of the hydraulics (7) is made of metal or plastic
Its shape is designed so simple and compact that the hydraulics can be operated easily and the hydraulic body (2), the driver (3) and the controller (4) can be firmly attached (eg pistol shape 7a, column shape 7b, etc.) (Fig. 7).

2. The special feature of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics described in point 1 and the associated clamping devices and dies is that the axial movement of the working piston 2b can be pushed outwards and also pulled back inwards in order to do the work. When the work is done outwards, as described in point 1.1, the spring of the return of the working piston 2c is supported between the sealing support ring 2a.1 and the working piston 2b. The position reached by the operating fluid, which is sucked out by the piston of the plunger pump 2e through the one-way valve 2h from the rubber bag of the operating fluid 2k and pressed again through the other one-way valve 2h into the cylinder of the working piston 2a, is between the apex of the working piston 2b and the base of the cylinder 2a, namely the one-way valve 2h is drawn to the base of the cylinder of the working piston 2a (Figure 2). When the

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When the piston performs the machining inwards, the return spring of the working piston 2c is supported between the apex of the working piston 2b and the base of the cylinder of the working piston 2a. The position of the operating fluid that is sucked out of the rubber bag of the operating fluid 2k by the piston of the plunger pump 2e through the one-way valve 2h and pressed back into the cylinder of the working piston 2a through the other one-way valve 2h is between the sealing support ring 2a.1 and the working piston 2b. The one-way valve 2h is pulled into place where it is between the sealing support ring 2a.1 and the working piston 2b, and the sealing support ring 2a.1 is made with the cylinder of the working piston 2a as a single piece. The actual base of the cylinder of the working piston 2a is a screwed or bolted sealed cover 2a.2 that can be opened (Figure 2.2).

3. The special feature of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics described in point 1 and the associated clamping devices and dies is that the position between the cylinder of the pump plunger 2d and the cylinder of the working piston 2a can be perpendicular to each other (2.3a), parallel to each other (2.3b), or at a certain angle to each other (2.3c), so that the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics can be structurally designed to be compact, easy to handle, small and light (Figure 2.3).

4. The special feature of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics described in point 1 and the associated clamping devices and matrices is that the piston of the plunger pump 2e can be:

(1) T-shaped structure as shown in item 1.2. It is a narrow column body. At the end of the pump plunger which is located outside the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d, there is a smooth support plate. (The smooth support plate is perpendicular to the pump plunger and a T-shaped structure is formed between them). Both sides of the smooth support plate are folded over both guide columns of the pump plunger 2f. The elasticity of the return spring of the pump plunger 2g will return the plunger of the plunger pump 2e to its place through the smooth support plate. The support plate will transmit the eccentric rolling force of the eccentric 3c to the plunger of the plunger pump 2e, thus moving the piston 2e back and forth in the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d (Figure 2.1).

(2) The return spring of the pump plunger 2g can be inserted into the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d, so that the piston of the plunger pump 2e is brought back into place and moved back and forth.

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moved back (Figure 2.1.1).

(3) The eccentric 3c can also be replaced by using the crankshaft and connecting rod. This drives the piston of the plunger pump 2e back and forth in the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d. In this situation, the return spring of the pump plunger 2g is superfluous and can be omitted (Figure 2.1.2 In it, 3b.1 is the gear with the crankshaft, 3b.2 is the connecting rod.).

(4) In order to bring the piston of the plunger pump 2e back into place in the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d and to move it back and forth, the cross smooth groove method can also be used, namely the guide columns 2f are not located on both sides of the piston of the plunger pump 2e, but the guide column 2f is the extension of the piston of the plunger pump 2e. Between the piston of the plunger pump 2e and the guide column of the pump plunger 2f there is a vertical smooth groove in which the eccentric 3c.1 rolls during operation, thereby forcing the piston of the plunger pump 2e to come into place in the cylinder of the plunger pump 2d and to move back and forth (Figure 2.1.3).

5. The special feature of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics described in point 1 and the associated clamping devices and dies is that the pressure relief valve 2i can be sealed by the wedge-shaped spring plug or by the screwdriver plug. If the pressure relief valve 2i is sealed with the wedge-shaped spring plug 2i.l, the pressure relief latch 4b and the push rod for the pressure relief valve 4c will function by means of a lever and connecting rod connection to control the pressure relief valve 2i (Figure 4). When sealing the pressure relief valve 2i with the screw plug 2i.2, the pressure relief latch 4b and the pushrod for the pressure relief valve 4c will function through the rack-gear or pull rope connection to control the pressure relief valve 2i (Figure 4.1 In it, 4c.1 is the rack, 4c.2 is the gear.).

6. The special feature of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics described in point 1 and the associated clamping devices and dies is that when the working piston 2b is pushed outwards, the processing is carried out. The specific clamping device parts of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics of this invention are:

(1) the hook-shaped clamp for processing such as pressing, pressing, cutting and punching, etc. 5a (clamp for pressing dies) (Figure 5a);

(2) the tubular clamp for machining operations such as pulling, extracting, expanding, etc. 5b (hole drawing bush) (Figure 5b);

(3) the cutting shears for wire cutting 5c

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(Figure 5c);

(4) the pull clamp for removing the bearings, bushings, bolts, etc. 5d (Figure 5d);

(5) the bender for bending the wire and tubular materials 5e (Figure 5e).

When the working piston 2b retracts inward to perform the machining, the concrete designed clamping device parts of the electric multi-purpose hand hydraulics of this invention are:

(1) the hook-shaped clamp for machining operations such as pressing, pressing, cutting, etc. 5f (clamp for pressing dies) (Figure 5f);

(2) the cutting shears for wire processing 5g (Figure 5g);

(3) the bender for bending wire and tubular materials etc. 5h (Figure 5h).

7. The special feature of the multi-purpose electric hand hydraulics and the associated clamping devices and dies described in point 1 is that the dies and cutting dies, in addition to the general items used according to the processing requirements (such as hole-drawing dies and punches), are equipped with special dies and cutting dies that are specially designed according to the processing requirements and the special features of the clamping devices. They are:

(1) the pressing dies for cable lug pressing (Figure 6a);

(2) the compression dies for the copper and aluminum pipe connection (Figure 6b);

(3) the cutting dies and patrices for the profile metals (Figure 6c);

(4) the non-standard hole pressing dies for thin metal plates (Figure 6d);

(5) the non-standard hole-drawing dies and punches for thin metal plates (Figure 6e);

(6) Expansion matrices for the copper and aluminium pipe connection (Figure 6f);

(7) the cutting shears for wire materials (Figure 5c; Figure 5g).

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Claims (1)

Claim for protection Hand tool with a hydraulic pump and a hydraulically driven pressing or drawing punch, characterized in that the hydraulic pump can be driven by an electric motor.