DE920210C - Process for the production of load-bearing lightweight composite structures made of plastics - Google Patents
Process for the production of load-bearing lightweight composite structures made of plasticsInfo
- Publication number
- DE920210C DE920210C DEF8030A DEF0008030A DE920210C DE 920210 C DE920210 C DE 920210C DE F8030 A DEF8030 A DE F8030A DE F0008030 A DEF0008030 A DE F0008030A DE 920210 C DE920210 C DE 920210C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- plastics
- polyurethane
- composite structures
- load
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/34—Chemical features in the manufacture of articles consisting of a foamed macromolecular core and a macromolecular surface layer having a higher density than the core
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
- B29C70/086—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers and with one or more layers of pure plastics material, e.g. foam layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
Leichtstoff-Verbund-Konstruktionen aus starren Polyurethanschaumstoffen als Stützstoffbauelement und tragenden dünnwandigen Deckschichten aus Stahl, Leichtmetall, Sperrholz, Schichtpreßstoff, Kunststoffen aller Art, Papier, Pappe usw. sind bekannt.Lightweight composite constructions made of rigid polyurethane foams as support material components and load-bearing thin-walled cover layers made of steel, light metal, plywood, laminated plastic, Plastics of all kinds, paper, cardboard, etc. are known.
Grundsätzlich erfordert die Herstellung der bekannten Leichtstoff-Verbund-Konstruktion ein Vorfabrizieren der Deckschichtbauelemente, d. h. Formen der Bleche, Pressen der Schichtpreßstoffschalen, Formen von Kunststoffolien, ζ. Β. auf Basis Polyvinylchlorid, Niederdruckpreßverfahren für Polyester-Glas-Gewebe-Kombinationen. Diese vorgefertigten Deckschichtbauelemente werden mit Polyurethanschaumstoffen vereinigt. Dies geschieht zweckmäßig direkt beim Verschäumen des Polyurethans. Dabei spielt die Klebewirkung des Polyurethanschaumstoffes auf der Deckschicht eine wichtige Rolle, um eine gute Verbindung des ausgehärteten Schaumes auf der Deckschicht zu gewährleisten und damit die geforderte Tragfähigkeit der Gesamtkonstruktion zu erzielen.In principle, the production of the known lightweight composite construction requires prefabrication the cover layer components, d. H. Forming the sheets, pressing the laminate shells, Forms of plastic films, ζ. Β. based on polyvinyl chloride, low pressure molding process for polyester-glass-fabric combinations. These prefabricated top layer components are included with Polyurethane foams united. This is expediently done directly when the polyurethane is foamed. The adhesive effect of the polyurethane foam on the top layer plays a role here important role in ensuring a good bond between the cured foam and the top layer and thus to achieve the required load-bearing capacity of the overall construction.
Für die Verbundbauweise kann die Fabrikationsmethode für Kunststoffdeckschichten erfmdungsgemäß dadurch vereinfacht werden, daß in die Form aus Metall, Glas, organisches Glas, Schichtholz, Gips oder Gießharz reaktionsfähige Kunststoffmassen durch Einspritzen, Einstreichen oder Spachteln eingebracht werden, die entweder vor Einbringen des Schaumstoffes im Kalt- oder Warmverfahren oder während des Schaumprozesses durch die Reaktionstemperatur des Polyurethanschaumes,For composite construction, the manufacturing method for plastic cover layers can be used according to the invention be simplified by the fact that in the form of metal, glass, organic glass, plywood, Gypsum or cast resin reactive plastic compounds by injection, brushing or filling be introduced, either before the introduction of the foam in the cold or warm process or during the foam process due to the reaction temperature of the polyurethane foam,
die bis 2oo° C betragen kann, zur Aushärtung gebracht werden. Bei dem letzten Verfahren ist eine schnellere Fabrikation von Formteilen möglich, da die Aushärtung der Deckschicht zeitlich mit dem Reaktionsprozeß des Schaumes zusammenfällt und durch geeignete Wahl der Deckschicht- und Schaumstoffrezepturen und gegebenenfalls durch Wärmezufuhr bis etwa 50 bis 6o° C innerhalb von 15 bis 5 Minuten der so erzeugte Formkörper der Form entnommen werden kann.which can be up to 2oo ° C, brought to hardening will. In the last process, a faster production of molded parts is possible because the curing of the top layer coincides with the reaction process of the foam and through a suitable choice of the top layer and foam formulations and, if necessary, through the supply of heat up to about 50 to 60 ° C. within 15 to 5 minutes of the molded body of the mold produced in this way can be taken.
Die starren Polyurethanschaumstoffe können in der bekannten Weise durch bekannte Verarbeitungsgeräte in flüssigem reaktions- und treibfähigem Zustand in die mit den gegebenenfalls noch reaktionsfähigen Deckschichten vorbehandelten Formen eingegossen werden und zu Raumgewichten zwischen 20 und 400 kg/m3, je nach Verwendungszweck des Formteils, aufgetrieben werden.The rigid polyurethane foams can be poured in the known manner using known processing equipment in a liquid, reactive and blowing state into the molds that have been pretreated with the possibly still reactive outer layers and can be expanded to densities between 20 and 400 kg / m 3 , depending on the intended use of the molded part .
Für die Deckschichterzeugung eignen sich erfindungsgemäß besonders Polyesterharze sowie ähnliche als Marcoharze bekannte Kunststoffe, d. h. Polymerisate von mehrfach ungesättigten Polyestern und polymerisierbaren monomeren Vinylverbindungen, die in ihrer Reaktionsfähigkeit durch Wahl von Beschleunigern so eingestellt werden, daß sie vorzugsweise durch die Reaktionstemperatur in den Polyurethanschaumstoffen zur schnellen Erhärtung gebracht werden.According to the invention, polyester resins and the like are particularly suitable for producing the top layer plastics known as marco resins, d. H. Polymers of polyunsaturated polyesters and polymerizable monomeric vinyl compounds, which are adjusted in their responsiveness through the choice of accelerators so that they preferably due to the reaction temperature in the polyurethane foams for rapid hardening to be brought.
Es ist für derartige Verbundkonstruktionen für hohe Beanspruchungen zur Erhöhung der Tragfähigkeit der durch den starren Schaumstoff gestützten Deckschichten notwendig, die Deckschichten durch Gewebe oder Matten aller Art zu verstärken. Die hohe Isolierfähigkeit des Schaumstoffstützstoffes gegen Kälte, Wärme, Luft- und Körperschall spielt für die nachstehend erwähnten Einsatzgebiete eine ganz hervorragende Rolle.It is used for such composite structures for high loads to increase the load-bearing capacity the top layers supported by the rigid foam are necessary, the top layers to be reinforced with fabrics or mats of all kinds. The high insulating properties of the foam support plays against cold, heat, airborne and structure-borne noise for the areas of application mentioned below a very excellent role.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung von Leichtstoff-Verbund-Konstruktionen gestattet, wirkliche Leichtkonstruktionen mit hoher Tragfähigkeit zu erzeugen, was für den Fahrzeugbau und für den konstruktiven Ingenieurbau von großer Bedeutung ist.The inventive method for the production of lightweight composite structures allows to produce real lightweight structures with high load-bearing capacity, something for vehicle construction and is of great importance for structural engineering.
Zur Verbesserung der mechanischen Eigenschaffen kann der Schaumstoffkern örtlich durch Einlagen aus Schaumstoff mit höherem spezifischem Gewicht oder durch Einlagen aus Holz, Kunststoff oder Metall verstärkt werden. Auch die Deckschichtstärke kann dem Kräftefluß entsprechend verändert werden. Ferner besteht jegliche Freiheit, die Gesamtstärke z. B. von Schalenelementen (Deckschicht zusammen mit Schaumkern) der statischen und dynamischen Beanspruchung entsprechend abzustufen, was in einfacher Weise durch den Formenbau bestimmt werden kann.To improve the mechanical properties, the foam core can be added locally by means of inserts made of foam with a higher specific weight or with inserts made of wood or plastic or metal reinforced. The thickness of the top layer can also correspond to the flow of forces to be changed. Furthermore, there is any freedom to adjust the total strength z. B. of shell elements (top layer together with foam core) according to the static and dynamic load, which can be determined in a simple way by the mold construction.
Die Verbindung von derartigen Leichtstoff-Verbund-Konstruktionen mit Stahl, Holz, Kunststoff oder mit sich selbst wird vorzugsweise mit Kalt- oder Heißklebern auf Polyurethanbasis durchgeführt. Auch eine mechanische Verbindung der Bauelemente durch Schrauben und Nieten ist gegeben, wenn im Bereich der Verbindungsstellen eine örtliche Verstärkung des Schaumstoffkerns durch Metall, Holz, Kunststoff oder spezifisch schwerere Schaumstoffe und eine Erhöhung der Deckschichtwandstärke vorgesehen ist.The connection of such lightweight composite structures with steel, wood, plastic or with itself is preferably carried out with cold or hot glue based on polyurethane. There is also a mechanical connection between the components using screws and rivets, if a local reinforcement of the foam core is carried out in the area of the connection points Metal, wood, plastic or specifically heavier foams and an increase in the outer layer wall thickness is provided.
Das Verfahren gemäß Erfindung ist geeignet für die Herstellung ^ypn Bauteilen für den Hausbau und Bauteilenijurjien konstruktiven Ingenieurbau^ ferner fur**^arpsseriebau, JWaggJjn^, Flugzeug-, Schiff- undBootsbau sowie Tür. B ehalter .aller Art, Bauteile der Isolierindustrie und Elektrotechnik. Erwähnt seien folgende Beispiele: Türen, J^enster^ _Wandplatten,..Wandkonstruktion, Deckenkonstruktion, DachstuhUconsTruktion, MÖbelbau, Wasch becken, _Wannen, Mastbau, Karosserieteile und, ganze Karosserien ~fuf "Personen- und Lastkraftwagen (dröhnsichere Bauteile), Waggonschalen; elemente und Waggonembauteile, Rumpf, Flügel, LeitwerkT Landeklappen, Einbauteile des Flugzeugs (beulsteife Leichtkonstruktion), Bauteile des Schiffbaus (ZwisdKnwäjade^Türenus.w· und Bootskörper), Isolierschalen für Kälte und Wärme, Kühlschränke, Kühlmöbel aller Art, Radiogehäuse., und Gehäuse für Fernsehapparate, Sportgeräte, Verpackungs: The method according to the invention is suitable for the production of components for house building and building structures ilenijurjien structural engineering, furthermore for ** ^ arpsseriebau, JWaggJjn ^, aircraft, ship and boat building as well as door . B eh old Mongolo way component e of the insulation industry and electrical engineering. The following examples may be mentioned: Doors, window panels, wall panels, wall construction, ceiling construction, roof structure construction, furniture construction, wash basins , walls, mast construction, body parts and whole bodies for cars and trucks (drone-proof components), wagon shells ; elements and wagon components, fuselage, wings, tail unit, landing flaps, built-in parts of the aircraft (bulging-resistant lightweight construction), shipbuilding components (ZwisdKnwäjade ^ doors etc. and hulls), insulating shells for cold and warmth, refrigerators, refrigeration cabinets of all kinds, radio housings., and housings for televisions, sports equipment, packaging :
insbesondere Tropenhelme^ " —»--«»especially pith helmets ^ "-» - «»
Aus einem Gemisch (20 : 80) aus kalt- oder heißhärtenden Polyesterharzen und Bimskies werden etwa 10 mm starke Platten hergestellt. Diese Platten können zur Erhöhung der statischen Festigkeit mit Eiseneinlagen bewehrt werden. Zwischen zwei derartig vorfabrizierte Platten, die im Kaltverfahren in etwa 60 Minuten ausreagiert sind und im Heißverfahren in wesentlich kürzerer Zeit weiterverarbeitbar sind, wird in einem festzulegenden Abstand ein treib- und reaktionsfähiges Gemisch vorzugsweise für die Erzeugung von Schaumstoffen auf Polyurethanbasis eingetragen. Das treibfähige Gemisch füllt den vorhandenen Hohlraum zwischen den aufgestellten Deckplatten vollkommen aus und verbindet sich intensiv mit den Deckplatten. Das spezifische Gewicht des Schaumstoffkerns wird zweckmäßig zwischen 100 und 200 kg/m3 gewählt, wobei höhere spezifische Gewichte dadurch Vorteile bieten, daß die frei liegende Schaumstofffläche hohe Stoß- und Abriebfestigkeit und geringe Wasseraufnahme zeigt und außerdem ein hohes spezifisches Gewicht des Schaumstoffes eine ausreichende Schubfestigkeit der Gesamtplattenkombination, besonders für die Randzonen des Bauelements, aufweist. Der Abstand der Außendeckplatten aus Polyesterharz— Bims kann den Beanspruchungen der Platten oder evtl. auch schalenförmigen Bauelementen entsprechend vergrößert werden.From a mixture (20:80) of cold- or hot-curing polyester resins and pumice, panels about 10 mm thick are made. These plates can be reinforced with iron inserts to increase the static strength. Between two such prefabricated panels, which have reacted in about 60 minutes in the cold process and can be further processed in a much shorter time in the hot process, a foaming and reactive mixture is added at a distance to be determined, preferably for the production of polyurethane-based foams. The propellant mixture completely fills the existing cavity between the installed cover plates and combines intensively with the cover plates. The specific weight of the foam core is expediently chosen between 100 and 200 kg / m 3 , with higher specific weights offering advantages in that the exposed foam surface shows high impact and abrasion resistance and low water absorption and, in addition, a high specific weight of the foam provides sufficient shear strength the overall plate combination, especially for the edge zones of the component. The distance between the outer cover plates made of polyester resin - pumice can be increased according to the loads on the plates or possibly also shell-shaped structural elements.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEF8030A DE920210C (en) | 1951-12-29 | 1951-12-30 | Process for the production of load-bearing lightweight composite structures made of plastics |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1078423X | 1951-12-29 | ||
DEF8030A DE920210C (en) | 1951-12-29 | 1951-12-30 | Process for the production of load-bearing lightweight composite structures made of plastics |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE920210C true DE920210C (en) | 1954-11-15 |
Family
ID=25973808
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEF8030A Expired DE920210C (en) | 1951-12-29 | 1951-12-30 | Process for the production of load-bearing lightweight composite structures made of plastics |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE920210C (en) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1024343B (en) * | 1955-09-07 | 1958-02-13 | Morhard G M B H | Winding core for rolling up material, especially paper, textile, foil u. like. tracks |
DE1061507B (en) * | 1953-07-06 | 1959-07-16 | Bayer Ag | Process for the production of composite structures from outer layers with foam |
DE1116384B (en) * | 1959-01-21 | 1961-11-02 | Pirelli General Cable Works | Method for making a tight connection of polyvinyl chloride pipes with parts made of polyvinyl chloride |
DE1141075B (en) * | 1956-01-30 | 1962-12-13 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for the production of a foam structure |
DE1214391B (en) * | 1954-11-11 | 1966-04-14 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of molded bodies from porous polystyrene with an impact-resistant surface |
DE1228789B (en) * | 1959-01-30 | 1966-11-17 | Jean Bourgois | Process for the production of hollow bodies or upholstery parts filled with elastic foam |
DE1254858B (en) * | 1960-01-07 | 1967-11-23 | Licentia Gmbh | Method and injection molding machine for the production of a foam-insulated cool container |
DE2940851A1 (en) * | 1978-11-21 | 1980-06-04 | Sportgeraete Veb | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PLASTIC SKI, ESPECIALLY CHILDREN'S SKI |
DE2946877A1 (en) * | 1979-11-21 | 1981-06-04 | Staudenmayer GmbH, 7335 Salach | Prefabricated sanitary type room cell installation on substructure - involves application of viscous polyurethane resin layer foaming and hardening under influence of moisture |
EP0053662A1 (en) * | 1980-12-09 | 1982-06-16 | Kurt Held | Stiffening or armouring body for hollow window frame sections |
DE3436026A1 (en) * | 1984-10-01 | 1986-04-03 | Puroll Hartschaum-GmbH, 8029 Sauerlach | Parabolic reflector for microwaves |
DE3805100A1 (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-08-31 | Lentia Gmbh | Directly foamed moulding and process for its production |
DE19941199A1 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2001-03-01 | Arved Huebler | Production of composite articles, e.g. shafts and axles, from foam component and other solid components, comprises combining sections whose foam structure and arrangement is chosen to give uniform mass distribution throughout article |
DE102005011970A1 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-21 | SLT Systemtechnik Ladungsträger GmbH | Prefabricated garage or other building has walls formed by plates with polypropylene honeycomb or foam core between two outer layers |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE626942C (en) * | 1933-10-14 | 1936-03-05 | Int Latex Processes Ltd | Process for the production of artificial sponge in the form of plates |
GB588617A (en) * | 1944-08-30 | 1947-05-29 | British Insulated Cables Ltd | Improvements in apparatus for producing cellular material |
FR951768A (en) * | 1941-10-08 | 1949-11-03 | Int Latex Processes Ltd | Process and installation for the manufacture of rubber foam products |
DE853198C (en) * | 1951-05-23 | 1953-03-26 | Hans Guenter Moeller | Isolation container, for example a cupboard |
-
1951
- 1951-12-30 DE DEF8030A patent/DE920210C/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE626942C (en) * | 1933-10-14 | 1936-03-05 | Int Latex Processes Ltd | Process for the production of artificial sponge in the form of plates |
FR951768A (en) * | 1941-10-08 | 1949-11-03 | Int Latex Processes Ltd | Process and installation for the manufacture of rubber foam products |
GB588617A (en) * | 1944-08-30 | 1947-05-29 | British Insulated Cables Ltd | Improvements in apparatus for producing cellular material |
DE853198C (en) * | 1951-05-23 | 1953-03-26 | Hans Guenter Moeller | Isolation container, for example a cupboard |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1061507B (en) * | 1953-07-06 | 1959-07-16 | Bayer Ag | Process for the production of composite structures from outer layers with foam |
DE1214391B (en) * | 1954-11-11 | 1966-04-14 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of molded bodies from porous polystyrene with an impact-resistant surface |
DE1024343B (en) * | 1955-09-07 | 1958-02-13 | Morhard G M B H | Winding core for rolling up material, especially paper, textile, foil u. like. tracks |
DE1141075B (en) * | 1956-01-30 | 1962-12-13 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for the production of a foam structure |
DE1116384B (en) * | 1959-01-21 | 1961-11-02 | Pirelli General Cable Works | Method for making a tight connection of polyvinyl chloride pipes with parts made of polyvinyl chloride |
DE1228789B (en) * | 1959-01-30 | 1966-11-17 | Jean Bourgois | Process for the production of hollow bodies or upholstery parts filled with elastic foam |
DE1254858B (en) * | 1960-01-07 | 1967-11-23 | Licentia Gmbh | Method and injection molding machine for the production of a foam-insulated cool container |
DE2940851A1 (en) * | 1978-11-21 | 1980-06-04 | Sportgeraete Veb | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PLASTIC SKI, ESPECIALLY CHILDREN'S SKI |
DE2946877A1 (en) * | 1979-11-21 | 1981-06-04 | Staudenmayer GmbH, 7335 Salach | Prefabricated sanitary type room cell installation on substructure - involves application of viscous polyurethane resin layer foaming and hardening under influence of moisture |
EP0053662A1 (en) * | 1980-12-09 | 1982-06-16 | Kurt Held | Stiffening or armouring body for hollow window frame sections |
DE3436026A1 (en) * | 1984-10-01 | 1986-04-03 | Puroll Hartschaum-GmbH, 8029 Sauerlach | Parabolic reflector for microwaves |
DE3805100A1 (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-08-31 | Lentia Gmbh | Directly foamed moulding and process for its production |
DE3805100B4 (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 2005-03-10 | Borealis Polymere Holding Ag | Directly foamed molded body |
DE19941199A1 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2001-03-01 | Arved Huebler | Production of composite articles, e.g. shafts and axles, from foam component and other solid components, comprises combining sections whose foam structure and arrangement is chosen to give uniform mass distribution throughout article |
DE102005011970A1 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-21 | SLT Systemtechnik Ladungsträger GmbH | Prefabricated garage or other building has walls formed by plates with polypropylene honeycomb or foam core between two outer layers |
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