DE916161C - Device for eliminating the scattered rays running outside the telecentric or approximately telecentric bundle of rays - Google Patents

Description

Device for eliminating the outside of the telecentric or approximate telecentric bundle of scattered rays The invention relates to a device for eliminating the outside of the telecentric or approximately telecentric bundle of rays running scattered rays. The essence the invention consists in the fact that a highly focused car headlight on one known mechanical attachment body, which consists of a plurality of thin-walled, Slats, tubes, arranged at a short distance from one another and parallel to one another, prism-shaped hollow bodies open at both ends, flat and / or corrugated, folded or ribbed metallic sheets or non-metallic sheets and its position in front of the headlight is chosen so that the parallel to each other Longitudinal axes of the open at both ends formed by the fins, tubes, etc. Chambers run parallel to the optical axis, and that also the length of the lamellae or the like. A considerable multiple of the spacing between the lamellae or the like is, with the lamellae, tubes or the like of the attachment body either on both Pages with a reflection preventing radiation, for example matt black Layer covered or polished on one side and matted on the other side or radiation-absorbing, and. that these elements by interposed sawtooth-shaped designed sheets or by meander-shaped or by inserted and by pins or the like. Secured square bars or by comb-like inserts od. Like. Measures are fixed.

The attachment body can be made of thin glass plates with particular advantage exist that are layered on top of each other and glued if necessary each glass plate on one or both sides by roughening (matting) and, if necessary, coloring the property of total reflection is taken. The entire glass plate package is expediently ground flat on both sides and polished.

The attachment body can be made from flat, oval or round tubes Wall thickness or made of profiled sheets or in the injection molding or pressing process be made.

In particular, the attachment body is designed so that the bundling is caused less in the vertical that the vertical spacing of the webs or other spacers between the slats or the like. Is large in comparison to the distance between the slats or the like.

For operating the glare-free car headlight according to the invention A low-beam foot switch, which has an additional contact, is particularly useful and its push-button stroke is roughly twice that of conventional foot switches for switching from city lights to high beam, with the proviso that halfway through the stroke the anti-glare headlight is switched on and that only when fully stepping through the usual switch between high beam and low beam or vice versa he follows. Here, the training can expediently take place in such a way that when actuated of the dip foot switch only up to about half of the pushbutton stroke and when it is reached of a pressure point provided for this purpose, only the anti-glare headlight lights up, which goes out again when the push button is released.

The generation of a strongly bundled and sharply delimited headlight beam is so far with relatively high costs for this required optical Establishment connected. It is known to have high requirements in this regard good and expensive mirrors, especially small and yet powerful light sources as well as additional reflector mirrors and optionally ring prisms, lenses and the like. high precision to use. Satisfied for the purposes of motor vehicle operation Because of the high cost of such structures, one has hitherto been less concerned with headlights Quality that is generally a satisfactory brightness and one in addition have consciously induced, partly unwanted dispersion. This unwanted spread but is often the cause of glare and thus hindrance and danger of vehicles meeting each other.

Two or more vehicles obstructing each other in the dark often due to the glare effect, even if they drive with the glare on. The consequence is that one or more of these vehicles will pass the oncoming one temporarily drive into a dark-appearing zone in which bad or other vehicles or pedestrians driving ahead or stationary that are not illuminated at all etc. cannot be recognized in time. This is by side lighting only imperfectly remedied evil.

The invention reduces these fouling levels to a considerable extent, some of the previously known mechanical masking means are used. So is for example an attachment body consisting of lamellas in front of one seated in a reflector Known lamp. The spacing between the lamellas is too large, and moreover there is a lack of funds for distancing the leaf-like lamellae. With another Method for separating rays of light of a limited species from a bundle parallel rays becomes the parallel light bundle after passing through a prism or another cutting device passed through channels whose parallel Walls are designed to absorb the rays that are not parallel to the walls ",-earth. This previously known measure is not suitable for use in car headlights.

The headlight according to the invention is useful on the left Front of your own vehicle, in countries with left-hand driving regulations on the right Front attached, which can be switched on at will and its bundling and light cone limitation is so sharp that on the one hand it provides sufficient brightening and has a long-distance effect and on the other hand, on the other hand, on the other side of the street Vehicles does not dazzle.

The invention is shown in the drawing in exemplary embodiments, and it means Fig. i Scheme for the demonstration of the dazzling effect of people encountering one another Motor vehicles and the anti-glare effect in one equipped according to the invention Vehicle, Figure 2 section through a headlight according to the invention, Figure 3 front view a headlight with different embodiments of the attachment body and Fig.4 Diagrammatic representation of an attachment body according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram for demonstrating the glare effect of motor vehicles approaching each other and the glare protection effect in a vehicle equipped according to the invention. A is the vehicle equipped with additional headlights according to the invention, B, C and D are oncoming, partially imperfectly dimmed vehicles. The light cone K of vehicle A is sharply delimited on the left, i.e. with a blatant transition from light to dark, such that, for example, the unlit bicycle F is brightly illuminated, but the vehicle C even driving in the middle of the road is not dazzled .

In the headlight housing according to Figure 2 of the headlight according to the invention is in the usual way a parabolic mirror 2 with a lamp holder 3 and optionally a ReflektorkalOtte 4 arranged. In front of the mirror opening is an in of the figure only partially reproduced light filter 5, which is of a Housing 6 and a glass pane 7 is tightly enclosed. The light filter 5 consists from a large number of flat lamellas 8, the distance between which is small, compared to their length in the direction of the headlight axis. The distance is determined by means of sheets folded in a suitable shape and inserted between two lamellas, Web or the like according to FIG. 3. The lamellae and optionally the spacer plates are either on both sides with a light reflection preventing, for example matt black layer covered or polished on one side and polished on the other Side provided with the above-mentioned layer. In Fig. 2, from above in the axial direction looking at the headlight, each slat on its right-hand side is bare and open their left side is shown dull.

The rays of light emanating from the filament i i of the incandescent lamp partly hit directly, partly after reflection on the inside of the mirror dome q. on the parabolic mirror 2, are reflected by this and appear as a cone of light from the mirror opening 12.

This cone of light now falls on the rear face of the filter 5, 6, with all light rays within the due to the spacing of the lamellas Opening angle can pass through the filter unhindered. Even those on the bare surface g of the lamellae 5 reflected from the center to the end thereof Rays emerge from the filter, whereas all of them enter directly or after reflection the blank surface g absorbs light rays incident on the matt surface io will.

In Fig. 2 some examples of the light beam path are shown. The beam 12 emanating from the center of the filament i i leaves after reflection The filter 5, 6 on the parabolic mirror 2 is unhindered. One of the filters is no longer in focus The point of the filament located near the mirror is the beam 13 at point 14 absorbed by the matt surface. The same thing happens with the one from the rear Beam 15 emanating from the end of the filament, which is absorbed at 16. The beam 17 again falls through the filter unhindered and parallel to the headlight axis. The beam 18 is also still able to move unhindered under the z # a against the filter axis to pass the filter. The ray ig is reflected at point 2o and leaves with the Z 2 a the filter. All three rays 17, 18 and ig go from one of the focal point nearby part of the filament.

In Fig. 3 is the front view of a headlight i according to the invention Shown with several embodiments for the slat holder. The distance the slats 5 can according to 2q. and 25 by interposed sawtooth-shaped folded ones Sheets or according to 26 by meandering folded or according to 27 by corrugated sheet-like or according to FIG. 28 by comb-like inserts or according to FIG. 29 by grooved webs with embedded short slats 5 'or through continuous square bars with pin locking or can be fixed in accordance with 3o by folding the lamellas themselves. In the middle of A stronger plate 31 can be provided for stabilization of the lamellar stack. There is also the possibility, instead of the individual parallel slats 5, according to FIG Fig. 4. Use very thin glass plates that are layered on top of each other and optionally Glued together, with each sheet of glass on one or both sides by roughening (matting) and, if necessary, coloring the property of total Reflection is taken and with the entire glass plate package on both sides is ground and polished flat.

The filter can also be made from flat, oval or round tubes Wall thickness or from profiled sheet metal or by injection molding or pressing getting produced.

Would, as is the case with conventional headlights, the filter attachment 5, 6 are not present, then forms the light emerging from the headlight a cone, the opening angle of which depends on the position of the lamp filament to the Focal point, from the spatial expansion or length of the filament, the accuracy the shape of the parabolic mirror 2 and the accuracy of the position of the mirror cap 4. to the filament.

This usual case is shown in the upper part of FIG.

The rays emanating from the center of the filament (focal point) 21 emerge in parallel, but rays 22 and 23 diverge. In case of Use of the headlight in vehicles is this in the plane of the drawing vertical plane in the case of the subject matter of the invention is desirable.

The theoretical possibility of generating a parallel light beam can only be approximated at high cost, as is known, if the light source is exactly in the focal point of the parabolic mirror, the light source is point-shaped or small compared to the focal length of the parabolic mirror, the mirror is geometrically-optical has been worked correctly and the accuracy and position of the mirror cap q. the correspond to optical conditions. The first- and the latter can still be fulfilled relatively easily, whereas the other two Conditions can only be met at considerable expense.

According to the invention it is possible at low cost and under Use of commercially available headlight bulbs a sharply delimited light cone to produce almost any sharp focus, with for special purposes, for example For motor vehicles, the bundling in the horizontal and strong in the vertical can thereby be chosen less that the vertical spacing of the webs between the slats is large compared to the distance between the slats. Through this the full light of the filament is in the vertical and that through the spatial Expansion of the filament-related opening angle of the light cone exploited. To the Actuation of the additional headlight according to the invention is expediently used Dimmer switch, which differs from the conventional type by attaching an additional Contact differs. In addition, the stroke of the push button is roughly doubled. The auxiliary headlight is switched on halfway through the stroke. In this position a pressure point can be clearly felt. Only when fully stepped through the usual switching high beam - low beam, or vice versa. The additional headlight goes out when the button is released. This arrangement also allows light signals to be given to a vehicle in front that is about to be overtaken, with oncoming vehicles due to the nature of the additional headlight are not dazzled. PATENT CLAIMS: i. Device for eliminating the outside of the telecentric or approximated telecentric bundle of scattered rays, characterized in that that a strongly focused car headlight has a mechanical attachment body known per se has, which consists of a plurality of thin-walled, at a small distance from each other and parallel to each other arranged fins, tubes, prismatic and on both Ends of open hollow bodies, flat and / or corrugated, folded or ribbed metallic sheets or non-metallic sheets and its position in front of the headlight is chosen so that the parallel longitudinal axes of the Chambers formed by the fins, tubes, etc., open at both ends, parallel run to the optical axis, and that also the length of the lamellas od. Like. A Significant multiple of the spacing between the lamellas or the like the lamellas, tubes or the like of the attachment either on both sides a layer which prevents the reflection of rays, for example a matt black layer covered or polished on one side and matted or matted on the other side. are radiation-absorbing, and that these elements are interposed sawtooth-shaped designed sheets or by meander-shaped or by inserted and by pins or the like. Secured square bars or by comb-like inserts od. Like. Measures are fixed.

a. Device according to claim i, characterized in that the attachment body consists of thin glass plates, which are layered on top of one another and optionally glued each glass plate on one or both sides by roughening (matting) and, if necessary, coloring the property of total reflection is taken.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the entire The glass plate package is ground flat and polished on both sides.

4. Apparatus according to claim i, characterized in that the attachment body made of flat, oval or round tubes with a small wall thickness or of profiled ones Sheets or is made by injection molding or pressing.

5. Apparatus according to claim i or the following, characterized in that that the attachment body is designed so that the bundling in the vertical thereby is less that the vertical spacing of the webs or other spacers Od between the slats. The like. Is large compared to the distance between the slats od. like. from each other.

6. Apparatus according to claim i or the following, characterized by a low-beam foot switch that has an additional contact and its push-button stroke is roughly doubled compared to conventional foot switches for fading city streets on high beam, with the proviso that the anti-glare headlights halfway through the stroke is switched on and that the usual only when the foot switch is fully depressed Switching between high beam and low beam or vice versa takes place.

7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that when you press the low-beam foot switch only up to about half of the pushbutton stroke and reaching a pressure point provided for this purpose, only the anti-glare headlamp lights up and goes out again when you let go of the pushbutton. Cited publications: German Patent Specifications Nos. 540 555, 541 412; French patents nos. G9 i 989, 702014.