DE902051C - Indirectly heated cathode - Google Patents

Indirectly heated cathode

Info

Publication number
DE902051C
DE902051C DES11428D DES0011428D DE902051C DE 902051 C DE902051 C DE 902051C DE S11428 D DES11428 D DE S11428D DE S0011428 D DES0011428 D DE S0011428D DE 902051 C DE902051 C DE 902051C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
cathode
heating wire
indirectly heated
wire
heated cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DES11428D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Bernhard Kirschstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DES11428D priority Critical patent/DE902051C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE902051C publication Critical patent/DE902051C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/20Cathodes heated indirectly by an electric current; Cathodes heated by electron or ion bombardment
    • H01J1/22Heaters

Landscapes

  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)

Description

Bei indirekt geheizten Kathoden tritt stets das Problem auf, die starke Wärmeabfuhr der Kathodenenden zu kompensieren und damit eine gleichmäßige oder wenigstens möglichst gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung über @die ganze Länge der Kathode zu erhalten. Im allgemeinen pflegt man zu diesem Zweck die Heizwicklung .2 an 'dem beiden Endendes in Fig. i schematisch dargestellten Kathodenzylinders i dichter zu wickeln als in der Mitte. Die Herstellung solcher Heizer ist aber deshalb schwierig, weil der wendelförmige Heizdraht mit einer von Ort zu Ort verschiedenen Steigung auf der Drehbank bzw. Wickelmaschine gewickelt werden muß. Außerdem ist es bei verschiedenen Heizermaterialien nicht immer ganz einfach, die beim Wickeln hergestellte Verteilung der Ste'igunge'n über die Heizerlänge, auch bei der nachfolgenden weiteren Behandlung des Heizers aufrechtzuerhalten.The problem always arises with indirectly heated cathodes, the strong one To compensate for heat dissipation of the cathode ends and thus a uniform or at least as uniform as possible a temperature distribution over the entire length of the cathode obtain. In general, for this purpose, the heating winding .2 is maintained on the both ends of the cathode cylinder i shown schematically in FIG to wrap than in the middle. The production of such heaters is difficult, however, because the helical heating wire has a different pitch from place to place must be wound on the lathe or winding machine. Besides, it is with different ones Heater materials not always easy, the distribution produced during winding of the gradients over the heater length, also in the subsequent further treatment of the heater.

Die Erfin.düng#. gibt nun ein Mittel an, welches diese technische' Schwierigkeit beseitigt und in einfacher Weise d`en Ausgleich der Temperatur über die.. Läute .der indixekt geheizten Kathode' ermöglicht#Ex@nduugsgemäß wird ein wendelförmiger Heizer verwendet, bei welchem die Steigung der Wendelgänge über die Kathodenlänge konstant ist, während der Durchmesser des Heizdrahtes an den Wicklungsenden, d. h. an den Kathodenenden, dünner als in der Mitte ist. Eine solche Kathode ist schematisch in Fig. 2 veranschaulicht. Mit 3 ist der die Emissionsschicht tragende Kathodenzylinder bezeichnet, während 4. den Heizfaden bedeutet, der durch einen Überzug aus einem hochschmelzendere Oxyd, z. B. Aluminiumoxyd, gegenüber dem Kathodenzylinder isoliert ist. Wie aus der Zeichnung ersichtlich ist, hat der Heizfaden in der Mitte der Kathode eine größere' Stärke als an: den. Kathodenenden. Dadurch wird der Spannungsabfall auf einer Vl'indung der Wendel und damit die je' Windung zugeführte Heizenergie an den Enden größer als in der Mitte. Ein weitgehender Temperaturausgleich ist auch dann erzielbar ,wenn der Übergang von dem größeren zu dem kleineren Drahtdurchmesser nicht stetig, sondern an geeignet gewählten Stellen unstetig erfolgt.The invention fertilizer #. now indicates a means, which this technical ' Difficulty eliminated and in a simple way d`en compensation of the temperature over the .. ringing "the indirectly heated cathode" enables # Ex @ nduugs according to a helical heater used, in which the slope of the helical threads over the Cathode length is constant, while the diameter of the heating wire at the winding ends, d. H. at the cathode ends, thinner than in the middle. One such cathode is illustrated schematically in FIG. 3 is the one carrying the emission layer Cathode cylinder denotes, while 4. denotes the filament that goes through a Coating of a high-melting oxide, e.g. B. aluminum oxide, opposite the cathode cylinder is isolated. As can be seen from the drawing, the filament has in the middle the cathode has a greater 'strength than on: the. Cathode ends. This will reduce the voltage drop on one winding of the coil and thus the heating energy supplied per turn larger at the ends than in the middle. An extensive temperature compensation is also achievable when the transition from the larger to the smaller wire diameter not continuously, but discontinuously at suitably chosen points.

Der Heizdraht kann in verschiedener Weise hergestellt werden. Man zieht beispielsweise die beiden Drahtenden mit einem Zieheisen aus. Es ist ferner möglich, diejenigen Teile des Heizdrahtes, die eüien kleineren Durchmesser haben sollen, abzube@izen und dadurch ihre Stärke zu verringern:. Man kann ferner den mittleren Teil der Kathode mit einem dünnen Draht umspinnen.The heating wire can be manufactured in various ways. Man pulls out the two wire ends with a drawing iron, for example. It is further possible, those parts of the heating wire that have a smaller diameter are supposed to abzube @ izen and thereby reduce their strength :. You can also use the Wrap a thin wire around the middle part of the cathode.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: i. Indirekt geheizte Kathode mit wendelförmigem Heizer, dadurch gekennzeichnet:, daß die Steigung der Wendelgänge über die Kathodenlänge konstant ist, während der Heizdraht an den beiden Enden der Kathode einen kleineren Durchmesser hat als in der Kathodenmitte. PATENT CLAIMS: i. Indirectly heated cathode with a helical heater, characterized in that the pitch of the helical turns is constant over the length of the cathode, while the heating wire at the two ends of the cathode has a smaller diameter than in the center of the cathode. 2. Kathode nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Übergang von dem dicken zu dem dünnen Teil des Heizdrahtes unter stetiger Abnahme der Drahtstärke erfolgt. 2. Cathode according to claim i, characterized in that that the transition from the thick to the thin part of the heating wire under steady The wire gauge decreases. 3. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kathode nach den Ansprüchen i und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Enden des Heizdrahtes mit einem Zieheisen ausgezogen werden. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kathode nach Anspruch i oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die, Teile des Heizdrahtes, welche an den Kathodenenden und in deren Umgebung liegen, abgebeizt werden. S. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kathode nach Anspruch i oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der mittlere Teil des Heizfadens vor dem Wendeln mit einem dünnen Draht umsponnen wird.3. Method of manufacturing a cathode according to claims i and 2, characterized in that the ends of the heating wire with be pulled out with a drawing iron. Method for manufacturing a cathode according to Claim i or 2, characterized in that the parts of the heating wire which on the cathode ends and in their vicinity are stripped. See procedure for producing a cathode according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the middle part of the filament is wound with a thin wire before it is twisted will.
DES11428D 1944-07-01 1944-07-01 Indirectly heated cathode Expired DE902051C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES11428D DE902051C (en) 1944-07-01 1944-07-01 Indirectly heated cathode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES11428D DE902051C (en) 1944-07-01 1944-07-01 Indirectly heated cathode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE902051C true DE902051C (en) 1954-01-18

Family

ID=7473651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DES11428D Expired DE902051C (en) 1944-07-01 1944-07-01 Indirectly heated cathode

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE902051C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0496008A1 (en) * 1991-01-21 1992-07-29 Thomson Elektronenröhren AG Controllable high-power electron tube

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0496008A1 (en) * 1991-01-21 1992-07-29 Thomson Elektronenröhren AG Controllable high-power electron tube
US5206565A (en) * 1991-01-21 1993-04-27 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. High-power low-voltage tetrode having a full walled matrix cathode and a control grid spacing of less than 1 mm

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