DE9004592U1 - Device for fertilizing plants - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for fertilizing plants, particularly in the home and garden.

The use of nutrient carriers for plant nutrition in the home and garden area to achieve optimal crop success is constantly increasing. Liquid fertilizers, nutrient solutions, granulated _fully water-soluble fertilizers or even partially water-soluble fertilizers as well as long-term fertilizers of organic and synthetic origin with different release mechanisms are used. Almost all fertilizers on the market are accompanied by appropriate instructions for use, so that in theory application errors when using the plant nutrients intended for the home and garden area should be eliminated. However , it must be said that application errors due to incorrect targeting often lead to unsatisfactory crop success. It is not uncommon for ornamental plants to die due to over- or under-supply.

In the usual recommendations for the use of certain nutrient sources in the home and garden, very specific quantities are sometimes given for use in defined crops as application quantities, without it being possible for the user to implement these recommendations in detail, since suitable measuring or weighing ^devices are not available. Even with approximate volumetric dosages such as teaspoons or tablespoons, the fluctuations when using these measuring containers are comparatively large.

With conventional nutrient carriers in the form of fertilizer sticks, comparatively precise dosages of nutrients are possible. The fertilizer sticks are usually pressed into the soil in the immediate vicinity of the plant. This can lead to damage to the root system and thus to a weakening of the plant. Another disadvantage is that the user comes into skin contact with the nutrient carrier during application and the application must be repeated at regular intervals.

The object of the present invention is to provide a device which ensures safe plant nutrition in the home and garden area for cultivated and ornamental plants, whereby dosing errors are almost impossible during use and, in comparison with other nutrition systems, a safe and very good cultivation result is achieved without any fertilization being necessary during the cultivation process . Furthermore, it is the object of the present invention to prevent skin contact with the nutrient carrier.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a device comprising a belt (1) which contains a fertilizer (3) and has tapers (K) with perforations (2) which enable the belt (1) to be torn off at any length.

The nutrients in the volume (1) are dosed and physically and chemically prepared in such a way that the fertilizers are available to the plant in sufficient quantities for the entire growing season of a normal flower culture. Plants sensitive to salt are not damaged by the dosage and, on the other hand, plants in need of nutrients receive enough nutrients to ensure good growth.

The fertilizer band (1) can be used in the required length depending on the dosage of the fertilizer and the length of a balcony box or the diameter or circumference of a flower pot or flower tub. The fertilizer band (1) is placed on a base of growing substrate at the bottom of a plant container before planting. The plants are then potted on this fertilizer band in the plant container according to the optimal growing technique.

The fertilizer band (1) can also be used for fertilizing plants in plant containers outdoors and in the greenhouse.

In principle, the device according to the invention can be used for all commercial

ul'irhPM natural ndi-r '.ynt net is hen, coated &ogr; ei ^r unbesr hi rhtpfen vungpi 7ur application. 0&igr;>· Dunqer can be used individually or in combination in the n^ngerbsnd »&Mgr;. E? is still possible, with c' leser Vn r ·
&tgr;&igr;'■ ht.uncj Pf 1 &EEgr;&pgr;,-erischutznni 11 ·-·). in Kortbina t ion with the fertilizer in the KiM-

t in μαπ to l>r &igr; TiC](Mi . []&lgr;^&ggr; , Barut (1) (&Igr;&rgr;&ggr;&rgr;&igr; f &igr; niluricj sqcm.i (1 >·&igr;&igr; device !>>■ ,! . .lit before /uy s//pi SP from tun 1 iK) &igr; sr ti ,ibhaubdmn ^r . ubs t aiizpn like 7e.l ■ lose, &iacgr; ■ ■ ■ r FI hohun ) dor effectiveness rl 111 f r> I &rgr ; &igr; m can be amplified &sfgr;&rgr;&igr;&eegr;.

The device according to the invention can be made in any size. Preferred band widths are 1-10 cm, preferred band lengths are 1-100 m, with the longer bands being conveniently wound on rolls.

The tapers (4) with the perforations (2) for tearing off the tape (i) are arranged at intervals of 2-20 cm, preferably at intervals of 1&Pgr; cm on the tape (1).

A further embodiment of the device is that instead of the eyelet tape (1) a water-soluble film made of polyvinyl alcohol or similar biodegradable substances with a permeability for water and nutrients, as well as flexibility of the material is used.

The device according to the invention consists essentially of ;<üs 3 TpI ¹ Ph:

a) Band (U

b) Ver3ung (O with perforations (2)
c ' D u &eegr; ger ( 3 ) .

Pas Band (1) is filled with fertilizer (3), whereby the band (1) is provided with tapers (4) and perforations (2) that prevent tearing of the
Band (1) of any length.

Fig. 1 shows the device according to the invention, consisting of a

Ba-.d (1) in which the fertilizer (3) is contained, the belt (1) being provided with tapers (I') and perforations (2).

&igr;) . &Iacgr; /('I'll &Iacgr;'&idiagr;&igr;V·'&igr; () 1 f &igr;< h 1'1(- ¹ V Ni hi" st (&rgr; ff · F r &rgr; .1 .ft ,■ ung hitr.l stuff!" -f III· Ii &bull;&igr;-1&igr;·&igr;Nf' K ¹ H f 11). -1 (j &igr;&lgr;&eegr;&igr;&igr; 1 , &igr; t »'&igr;·&igr;W,i'.· er, with u &eegr; rl &ogr; In &rgr;&Bgr;.&igr;&igr;&eegr;&Igr; , &igr;&pgr;&Lgr;&Igr;&igr;&Igr;&igr;·&igr;&eegr; Ij-MJk ₁ M t :, ,Ir 1- 7 _>M t .

L = Conductivity in millisiemens (mS) as a measure of the conductivity

Release t = time in &igr; yen

Fig. i shows a comparison of the total fresh weight (G) of the shoots without bleeding when using NPK fertilizer versus an NPK fertilizer band.

A = without band B · with band NPK fertilizer - nitrogen-phosphate-potassium fertilizer

[) L <;■ Ii ti &igr;. Ii f &ogr;' C)HtI(IiMi Aitwoiuliiny ^&Ggr; >&Igr;&iacgr;&eegr;&igr;',&rgr;&igr;.&rgr; Ip show &Iacgr;&igr;&rgr; b &igr;&ogr; log &igr;'. clip WiiKi.iihj &Iacgr;>-&ngr; (■ &ggr; f induni; ^r qein-iP. cn device

Application example 1

Vr Comparison of nutrient release of plastic-coated fertilizer granules in water, without and without band

It can be shown that coating fertilizers with a glue-reinforced cellulose strip has an additional "slow release effect." This increases the nutrient release of partially coated fertilizer granules.

&iacgr; ¹ For this purpose wuruV as N.iR f'.n <:! . · 'J-ihr ■ '·&igr; F f - &Ggr;;>.&igr; ^ft ^uncj du? I ei tf ahiijl· " it :,i;

1 liter of water is injected. Peak myssunyen were carried out over a period of 250 days.

I 10 g of NPK fertilizer granules were added. The conductivity values were measured over the days (see Fig. 2).

Application for SDiel 2

Effect of an NPK riuiujei band, compared to the homogeneous substrate pre-lating with &igr; nr &rgr;,- uuiia ^e '

100 liters of peat were treated with calcium carbonate (4.5 kg calcium carbonate pm m

^ Substrate) mixed homogeneously.

The peat treated in this way was filled into pots and covered with fertilizer strips of 5, 7 and 10 cm in length, which contained a long-term fertilizer of the composition 16-10-12 (NPK fertilizer)-2 magnesium oxide and trace elements.

% see.

I For each 10 fertilizer band segments, 10 pots each with one Pelargonium

■r zonal plant of the variety "Merkur". As a control, only the

'&Idigr;-: NPK fertilizer of the same composition is added homogeneously into the pots. The

The experiment was repeated twice.

% The plants were kept in the ^greenhouse under constant conditions.

F', wurctH rlie Wuchslpi -.t'ltiq qptniP. rti-m opt ; '.(hen impression r|pr F r &igr;?<;hm,i&sfgr;&sfgr; ppr nrf ii kt &igr; nn . inwif rl le B 1 at t f &Lgr; r be ge ma C cl er Int. ensitit.it &Iacgr;· \ G r um f a rt.H.ny , in Ahh.) ti'j ijl· "jt j·";·_'.>■· r P &igr;'ILin^:''Dunn&igr;&Iacgr; .1 s 15 j &pgr; .1 c h '. , 7 s 1 r 1 tl 9 Wu c h &rgr;&pgr; \ ni V ei''j ] '' 1 1" hr 11 r K1 >&pgr; t 1 ■ > ] 1 1- hnnit ated .

Test results show the effect of a fertilizer batch in comparison to a homogeneous fertilizer batch . Results with regard to growth and flower color at the time of sale via U-&eegr;&igr;'. t .

The results c.ind i η dev δ a! j ►? .1 ] ►- I da lg^st cl: t ( <. . Table I).

Table I I to I to I n,n:h

I 4 Worhun | 7 WuchPn | ^ U <&iacgr;&rgr;

Treatment

mg N dose per 1 (g/1)

Band length 5 cm ! '. ^L . 2 7.H ! 6*5

^{85 7 p}

Band length 7 cm 1600 10,00

80 I 90 80 I 90 80

Band length 10 cm 2284 H. 28 | 77 85 | 95 85 | 100 85

NPK fertilizer

1280 6.00

70 I 92 70 ! 75 70

H = Nitrogen M - Growth performance B - Leaf colour

-&bgr;&idgr;·

Implementation example 3

Comparison of the effect of a fertilizer band compared to the homogeneous mixing of nutrient salt or long-term soil fertilizer in standard soil (ED-73)

In a plastic balcony box (60 cm length, 6 litre volume) 3 i

Pelargonium zonale plants of the "Herkur" variety were planted in standard soil ED-73, into which NPK fertilizer was previously mixed homogeneously. Another box was covered with an NPK fertilizer band.

The plants were potted and placed outdoors at the end of May. The experiment was repeated three times.

The growth performance, leaf color, flower development and general condition were determined after 21 weeks, as well as the number of flowers and flower weight after 23 and 26 weeks. The fresh weight and growth performance of the plants were also assessed.

The results are presented in Table II and Ha (see Table II and Table Ha).

■ · t ·

· &bull;&bull;-&bull;&bull;

ft * ·

&bull; I Il

&bull; Ill I

> The ■

&bull; II« I

I f I

&bull; ai &igr;

Table II

I after 21 weeks | after 23 weeks I I

Treatment mg N Dose g Düoger | W B per 1 ig/1! i--i.Meter| *) *)

I A i

6a RR in 7. in T

&igr;&igr;

NPK fertilizer 1500 10.00 - | 88 67 40 77| t00

I I

NPX-Oüngerbar.ü" '600 10,00 100.0 | 95 90 90 100| 103

I I

Table Ha

NPK fertilizer

I after 26 weeks |

Treatment mg N Dose g Fertilizer | |

per 1 (g/1) lid.MeterlBA BG | F G

I in 1. in g in ji| in g in

1600 10,00

I I

I 100 34,4 100 I 646.84 100 B

NPK fertilizer band 1600 10.00 100 |133 47.3 138 | 764,48 118 A

1 &igr;

N = Nitrogen

W = growth performance, B = leaf colour, BE = flower development,

&Lgr; : A 1 1 (jprnpin/us t and , βΛ =· R 1 Uterine number , BG ■ Blood weight I ,

I trnf.h'ipwu.ht (ihnp '&Iacgr;'&Iacgr;»&mgr;&igr;, f. = '.&rgr; ? amt.wuf h-, 1 &rgr;&igr;&sfgr; t ling rtpr &Ggr; f I a 11 7 &rgr;&eegr;

) - &eegr;&igr;,&igr;&igr;&idiagr;&igr; mi 1 1 fin point t

&bull; » · »It

· · ■ 111

&Lgr;\\ ···· · I IiIII

The total fresh weight of the plant shoots is plotted in a bar chart, in comparison to homogeneous fertilizer mixed into the soil and fertilizer band (see Fig. 3).

The yields were calculated using the Duncan test. The weight difference is statistically proven. The probability of error is 5X.

Implementation example <■

Compatibility comparison of NPK fertilizer to NPK fertilizer in extreme application rates

The peat was previously mixed homogeneously with calcium carbonate and nutrient salt (H-10-U NPK). For this purpose, 100 gram peat was mixed with 0.45 kg calcium carbonate and 0.2 kg nutrient salt .

NPK fertilizer was added to the five boxes in a dose of 10, 2μg, 3μg, 4μg and 50 g per liter of dry matter. In an analogous procedure, five boxes were provided with NPK fertilizer bands of 10, 20, 30, 50 and 50 cm in length, with 10 cm of fertilizer band corresponding to 10 g of fertilizer per liter of substrate. The plants were kept in greenhouses under constant test conditions. After six weeks, growth performance, leaf color, general condition and damage were determined, with a maximum value of 100 points being set. After seven weeks, the fresh weight of the plants was determined in '/. After 8 weeks, the dry weight of the plants was determined. The tests were repeated twice.

The test results are shown in Table III (see Table III).

From the test results it is clear that the tolerance of band-coated fertilizers is higher than the tolerance of the same amounts of fertilizers in bands, whereby excessively high fertilizer doses when fertilizing with fertilizer bands are still partially compatible with the plants. On a total of five test days, the proportion of fresh and dried fertilizers is 1.5% ^. Use of &eegr;&iacgr;&ggr;&eegr;-s Dunypric band higher than at g]pu (ifii

«ti

ti

·&igr;&igr;.

homogeneous amounts of nutrients mixed into the pot. It was also proven that with a high stock of 50 g NPK fertilizer, root development was still acceptable if the fertilizer was offered in a packaged band. When the same amount of fertilizer was mixed homogeneously into the substrate, only a severely damaged cell system was found due to the high salt concentration.

Table III Treatment

mg N Dosii, dose/ per 1 (g/l) box

I 6 weeks | 7 '.mc her. ^a Wnch. I W B A Damages F

I max. I 7. :'

1 100 pts. I

NPK fertilizer homogeneous

1600

10g 60g

I 83 68 90

100

100

NPK fertilizer belt 1600

10cm 60cm Bandl 96 70 95 1

_L

118

113

NPK fertilizer homogeneous

3200

20g 120g

I 83 78 75 15 |

100

100

NPK-Dunqerbdnd 3200

20cm 120cm Bandl 90 75

105

10t

NPK fertilizer homogeneous

4800

30g 180g

I 73 85 65 25

NPii- Fertilizer belt 4800

I I

30cm 180cm Bandl 83 78 80 10 I

100

124

100

NPK fertilizer homogeneous

6400

40g 240g

I 65 85 45 30 |

NPK-Dunoerb and 6400

I 40cm 2*0cm Bandl 83 85

t5_

100

123

100

110

NPK fertilizer homogeneous

8000

50g 300g

60 85 40 40

NPK-Dunqerb and 8000

I I

I I

50cm 300cm Bandl 80 88 60 20 I

100

126.

100

_LU_

. t ic y st &ogr; ff , W - Wuchsle &igr;'. t iing . &Lgr;- A] 1 gf me inzustanci F -

f T : T] &igr; ' k"nqpw&igr;ch t

Claims (7)

Sc n utz j nsD rue tie 1. Device for fertilizing plants, consisting of a tape (1) containing an opening (3) and having tapers (O) with perforations (2) which allow the tape (1) to be torn off to any length. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the belt (1) contains a natural or synthetic fertilizer (3). 3. Device according to claim 1 ₁ , characterized in that the band (1) consists of biodegradable substances. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the band (1) consists of cellulose. 5. Device according to claim ;, characterized in that the band (1) is reinforced by glue. G. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the film (1) is a water-soluble film made of polyvinyl alcohol. 7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fertilizer (3) contains a plant protection agent. &THgr;. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tapers Ui with the perforations (2) are applied at intervals of 2 - 20 cm.