DE882683C - Stiffener - Google Patents

Description

Reinforcement material in the manufacture of clothing and the like as interlinings textile fabric with or without Roßh: aareinlagen used the certain Must have properties related to porosity, elasticity, etc. Such Stiffening linings are available under the trade names Steifleinen, Watteline and the like known.

According to the invention, fabric structures are used as stiffening inserts, which consist of random fibers that are bonded together and the properties required for stiffening inserts, e.g. B. with regard to thickness, Porosity, elasticity (crackability), sewability, etc.

It is known to make fabrics with leather-like properties Nonwovens by impregnation with bonding agents such as rubber emulsions, and appropriate post-treatment such as drying, calendering, etc. to prepare. That Being known of such art leaders, however, does not have the idea of technology able to convey, fabric-like, as a stiffening insert for items of clothing and the like. to produce usable structures from random fibers by gluing the fibers together. This thought was not obvious for the reason that stiffening inserts must have completely different properties than synthetic leather, e.g. B. the textile-like Fall as well as the so-called volatility, by which the property is understood, that .the fabric when it creases and folds due to its elasticity again and again takes on its original form.

Fibers are used as the base material for stiffening fabrics according to the invention into consideration that can be carded but not spun and in the form of nonwovens can be applied. With Advantage: elastic fibers, such as wool fibers or fiber blends, which uses wool as an essential component contain. Additional fibers include: others, more or less elastic Animal hair, human hair, etc., but also vegetable fibers, such as. B. Cotton, mineral fibers, such as B. glass wool, synthetic fibers such. B. rayon, fibers based on polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, Super polyamides, etc. into consideration.

The content -the fiber blends of wool is generally about 700/0 to 2o and is zweckmäß: i, 1 getwa 5 ° / o not fall below. Depending on the degree: the desired elasticity of the stiffening material to be produced, the amount of elastic or elastic fibers in the fiber mixture, such as wool and human hair, is more or less high. .

For impregnation, the nonwovens can be vulcanizable film-forming Crosslinking agents such as natural and / or. artificial rubber, can be used, and film-forming plastics can also be used in place of or in addition to such bonding agents used, which in the solidified state approximately: the elasticity of vulcanized Have rubber and are as washable as possible.

The film-forming crosslinking agents are advantageously in shape. one aqueous emulsion or dispersion used, which z. B. about 2o to ¢ oo / o Bonding agents, such as rubber, contains. Except for the adhesive should the aqueous emulsions nor additives such as vulcanizing agents, vulcanization accelerators and advantageously also contain wetting agents and anti-aging agents. The presence of anti-aging agents is particularly recommended when used or co-used of natural rubber. Other additives include finishing agents, such as z. B. polyvinyl alcohol, thickeners, such as. B. methyl cellulose; Plasticizers, such as B. glycerin, fillers, such as. B. Si 02, dyes and the like to several in consideration.

Types of rubber are particularly advantageous as adhesives used, which have no or only a slight tendency to aging and in the finished product not attacked in a disruptive manner by common chemical cleaning agents will. Among other things, they have proven themselves well. Butadiene acrylonitrile and butadiene styrene polymers.

The adhesives are advantageously in foam form, e.g. B. in shape a rubber emulsion, which is whipped into a still flowable foam has been.

The impregnation is advantageously carried out in such a way that: the superficially pre-consolidated fleece leaving free gaps .by the Gap of a horizontally mounted roller pair is performed and in this case: that is advantageous Foam-like impregnation agent in the fiber structure under as uniform as possible Filling: the same is pressed in. The solidification of the structure after Impregnation is beneficial by heating and drying. performed. When applying vulcanizable adhesive and the presence of vulcanizing agents vulcanization or pre-vulcanization takes place at the same time. It is advisable but to still subject the structure to a vulcanizing treatment, .so that they are vulcanized well and evenly. This is how the formations attain i.a. increased resistance to the attack of chemical cleaning agents. After solidification and vulcanization have taken place, the structures are still advantageous subjected to a washing process, expediently in warm or hot water. Here are still existing water-soluble substances such. B. wetting agents, dissolved out. To After washing, drying must of course take place again.

It is important that the impregnation agent is so composed and the Impregnation is carried out so that the individual fibers of the random fiber fleece are connected to one another by the film-forming adhesive material and the solidified, structures evenly interspersed with pores and cavities in terms of softness, Air permeability, grip and drape roughly correspond to textile fabrics.

By post-treatment of the textile-like products produced according to the invention Structures can still be improved on in different directions. So can one z. B. by treating the structure with water-repellent .Stoffe, which how Wax, paraffin and the like still have the ability to act as a kind of lubricant to work, make the stiffening fabrics sewable. Incorporation can be beneficial take place in such a way that the wax, paraffin and the like, or combinations of these substances be converted into emulsion form with aluminum salts and the structures with these Emulsions are impregnated. Such preparations are known as impregnating agents known. The amount of the lubricants incorporated into the structures can e.g. B. about 2 to 100 per cent, based on the finished material. By incorporating water-repellent Lubricants give the stiffeners the ability: that when sewing, in particular When sewing with a machine, the needles are smooth when they are pierced without any annoying friction slide through the structures and as a result no difficulties such. B. Overheating of the needles during machine sewing and the associated malfunctions. the Incorporation of lubricants such as paraffin, wax and the like becomes beneficial after other post-treatments have been carried out on the structures, such as washing, finishing or the like., made.

The finishing or weighting of those produced according to the invention Forms can e.g. B. by treating the same with about 2 to 50% solutions of substances such as polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, super polyamide and the like. In this way you can: improve the grip of the fabrics. By incorporating the Crease resistance increasing synthetic resins, such as urea-formaldehyde or dicyandiami @ d-formal @ dehyde condensates or mixed condensates (no polymers), one can see the crease resistance and elasticity of the products in per se known Way to improve.

The textile-fabric-like structures produced according to the invention, the thickness of which z. B. 0.15 to 0.9 mm, preferably 0.2 to 0.5 mm, has proven itself when used as a stiffening material for suits, costumes, dresses, coats and other items of clothing; they have a number of advantages compared to the previously known and customary stiffening materials. As a result of the uniform penetration of the structures with fibers (tangled fibers) running in different directions, the structures are uniformly elastic (isoelastic) on all sides and retain their shape well. As a result of the presence of elastic fibers, the stiffening materials according to the invention have very good resilience; they are permeable to air and sweat, easy to wash, can be treated with chemical cleaning agents and, due to the manufacturing process, have the valuable property that they do not shrink. The specific weight of the stiffening materials produced according to the invention is lower than that of the known fabric inserts; the porosity is greater than that of the known fabric-based stiffeners. Example A mixture of the following composition is used as the fiber material: Wool . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 parts by weight Women's hair ....... io - Kainelhaar. .... ... io - Cotton ........ 15 - Rayon ... .. 2o - The mixture consisting of cardable fibers is converted into a random fiber fleece which contains about 170 g of fibers on the square meter. For one-sided surface pre-consolidation of the fleece, a dispersion of the following composition is applied in foam form: Parts by weight liquid, solid Butadiene-styrene polymer (6o "" oig) 167 zoo Softened water ............... 8i2 - Sodium isobutyl naphthalene sulfonate. 30 30 Ultra accelerator dispersion, z. B. Zinl; dimethyldithiocarbamate (200, ',) ig) ....................... 5 z Zinc oxide dispersion (400, / 0ig) ....... 15 6 Sulfur dispersion (250, 'oig). . . ..... 1o 2.55 Anti-aging agents, e.g. B. phenyl f-naphthalenamine (5o0.! oig) ....... 2.4 = .44 An impregnation mixture with the following composition in flowable foam form is used to impregnate the fiber fleece that has been pre-bonded on one side: Parts by weight liquid I solid Butadiene-styrene polymer (6o0, `oig) 167 zoo Softened water ............... 2o2 Sodium isobutyl naphthalene sulfonate. 9 Ultra accelerator dispersion, z. B. zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (2oo; 'oig) ....................... 5 z Zinc oxide dispersion (400, 'oig) ....... 15 6 Sulfur dispersion (250, "oig)........ Zo i 2.55 Anti-aging agents, e.g. B. phenyl β-naphthylamine (about 6o "0ig) ..... z, S 1.05 The impregnation is carried out in such a way that the solid and vulcanized finished product contains about 40 to 55% impregnation substance.

The impregnated structure is dried, e.g. B. through leadership through a drying tunnel heated to about 8o to 120 °, solidified, at the same time vulcanization or pre-vulcanization takes place. After drying it will the structure is advantageous for repeated vulcanization or finished vulcanization subject, e.g. B. in such a way that the structure via heated cylinders, their temperature can be about 100 ° and more,: is guided or for several days in one heated room is kept. Then the structures are preferably treated with warm or washed out with hot water, the introduced wetting agents and optionally still other water-soluble components are removed and dried.

The structures are also advantageous to a treatment with water-repellent Subject to lubricants. This can e.g. B. done so that the goods at about 5o ° is passed through an impregnation bath, which has a z. B. i5% in-e paraffin emulsion and Aluminum salt, e.g. B. aluminum triformate contains. After incorporation of the water-repellent Lubricants is z. B. by guiding! The building dried over drying cylinders and then optionally ironed or calendered under moderate pressure, wherein if necessary, a post-vulcanization takes place or a post-vulcanization can be connected.

The product obtained, which has a thickness of about 0.8 mm has a textile-like character and has the good properties given above.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Stiffening material, especially for clothing, characterized in that it consists of a thin, porous, elastic, from one another glued tangled fibers consists of existing fabrics. a. Stiffening material according to claim i, characterized in that it is made from a fiber that can be carded formed tangled fiber fleece, which is vulcanized with film-forming adhesive is impregnated, contains about 40 to 55 "/ o impregnating substance, the property of textile materials, breathable, sweat-permeable, sewable and washable is, does not shrink, is isoelastic and is characterized by good jumping ability. 3. A process for the production of reinforcing material according to claims i and 2, characterized characterized, @ that a self-supporting random fiber fleece made of carded fibers, .The wool, possibly in a mixture with other fibers, contains, with an aqueous one Dispersion (emulsion), which is vulcanizable adhesive, such as natural rubber and / or synthetic rubber, vulcanizing agents, vulcanization accelerators and may contain other substances by pressing in the impregnating agent is impregnated through and through into the fiber fleece, the structure undergoes a * consolidation process and vulcanization process are subjected to and optionally refining Subsequent treatments are subject to. q .. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that that butadiene styrene polymer is used as the adhesive. 5. Procedure according to claims 3 and q., characterized in that @ that the adhesive means Serving aqueous dispersion - (emulsion) about 3o to 5% of vulcanizable Contains adhesive agents. 6. The method according to claims 3 to 5, characterized in that that the fiber fleece coming from the carding machine is first rolled through a heated press out, then treated superficially with a small amount of an adhesive is then to solidify the surface layer, leaving pores free is passed through a drying tunnel and then the impregnation dispersion (emulsion) is pressed in an expediently concentrated form into the fleece in such a way that the entire fleece is evenly filled with impregnation compound, whereupon the impregnated structure through Drying is solidified and subjected to vulcanization. 7. The method according to claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the solidified unvulcanized structures water-repellent substances that act as lubricants, such as wax, paraffin and the like, be incorporated. B. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that water-repellent Substances such as waxes, paraffins and the like, in conjunction with other types of water-repellent Substances, e.g. B. aluminum salts can be used. G. Method according to claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the structures are produced in such a way that one side is adhesive, so that reinforcement pieces by measures such as ironing and hot pressing can be connected to the stiffening material by gluing.