US1958821A - Method of making artificial leather - Google Patents
Method of making artificial leather Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1958821A US1958821A US647831A US64783132A US1958821A US 1958821 A US1958821 A US 1958821A US 647831 A US647831 A US 647831A US 64783132 A US64783132 A US 64783132A US 1958821 A US1958821 A US 1958821A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- binder
- artificial leather
- making artificial
- adhesive
- leather
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002160 Celluloid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101150027068 DEGS1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 for instance Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06N3/10—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with styrene-butadiene copolymerisation products or other synthetic rubbers or elastomers except polyurethanes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S524/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S524/925—Natural rubber compositions having nonreactive materials, i.e. NRM, other than: carbon, silicon dioxide, glass titanium dioxide, water, hydrocarbon or halohydrocarbon
- Y10S524/926—Natural rubber compositions having nonreactive materials, i.e. NRM, other than: carbon, silicon dioxide, glass titanium dioxide, water, hydrocarbon or halohydrocarbon with water as NRM, exemplified
Definitions
- My invention relates to a method of making artificial leather from fibrous material.
- I impregnate a body of fibrous material with a binder between two foraminous holders.
- I squeeze it while still between performed heretofore may be classified in two groups, as follows:
- the fibrous material is impregnated with a suitable adhesive as the binder by first preparing a pasty suspension or pulp of the fibrous material, then admixing the binder to the pulp, precipitating the binder on the fibres, dehydrating the pulp on a screen, and finally drying it. If required,'the dried product is pressed under any suitable pressure.
- the fibrous material for instance shredded leather or cotton batten
- the binder is applied to the upper side of the material and worked into the material.
- Leather shreds are worked by rolling while cotton batten after having been coated with the adhesive or binder on one side, is covered with a second layer and the finished product is split if required.
- the drawbacks of the old methods are eliminated.
- the fibrous material is impregnated very thoroughly, there is no loss of binder or adhesive, and the equipment required is, comparatively speaking, very simple.
- the product is almost equal to natural leather in strength, and it is by no means difiicult to impart to it the flexibility of leather by suitable softening agents.
- Any fibrous material may be used for my method.
- a particularly. suitable material is cotton batten, but fabrics, dehydrated pulpsetc. may as well be used provided the structure of the material at all lends itself to the making of artificial leather, or'leather substitute.
- a mostintimate mixture of the fibres and the binder is effected in a simple and efiicient manner.
- Water-repellent properties may be imparted by adding suitable substances to the binder and/or the precipitating agent.
- latex is used as the binder or adhesive
- sulfur and an accelerator may be added to the latex so that vulcanization occurs during the drying of the product.
- Numerous other binders may be used instead of latex, for instance, viscose, gelatine or taurocolla, starch, celluloid solutions, a rubber-benzin solution of the proper concentration, etc.
- Fillers may be used and obviously the properties of the fillers must be selected in con- 40 per cent latex kilogrammes Water 40 litres Necal, BX as a damping agent 250 grammes 11 kilogrammes 6 kilogrammes Parafiine-oil emulsion Cumaron-resin emulsion
- the damping agent Necal, BX is produced on the basis of naphthene acid.
- Necal, BX is a trade-name for a damping agent produced by I-. G. Maschinenindustrie A. G., and is a derivative of naphthalene acid.
- Necals The composition of Necals is given in the journal fMelliand Textilberichte Volume XIV, No. 3, Heidelberg, March 1933, page 142.
- the time for which the piece or body moves through this mixture is so determined that the batten will be thoroughly impregnated.
- the impregnatingvperi'od is comparatively short, frequently under one minute.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Description
Patented May 15, 1934 METHOD OF MAKING ARTIFICIAL LEATHER Karl Haarburger, Reutlingen, Germany No Drawing. Application December 17, 1932,
Serial No. 647,831. 1931 1 Claim.
My invention relates to a method of making artificial leather from fibrous material.
It is an object of my invention to provide an" improved method for the purpose specified.
To this end, I impregnate a body of fibrous material with a binder between two foraminous holders. When the body has been impregnated with the binder, I squeeze it while still between performed heretofore, may be classified in two groups, as follows: I
According to the methods of thefirst group, the fibrous material is impregnated with a suitable adhesive as the binder by first preparing a pasty suspension or pulp of the fibrous material, then admixing the binder to the pulp, precipitating the binder on the fibres, dehydrating the pulp on a screen, and finally drying it. If required,'the dried product is pressed under any suitable pressure.
These methods have the drawbacks that in the preparation of the pulp, and particularly during the admixing of the binder, clots frequently form so that it is difficult or even impossible to obtain a uniform product; that it is difficult to work the binder into the material; and that loss of binder is inevitable during the dehydration.
According to the methods of the second group, the fibrous material, for instance shredded leather or cotton batten, is spread on' a suitable support, the binder is applied to the upper side of the material and worked into the material. Leather shreds are worked by rolling while cotton batten after having been coated with the adhesive or binder on one side, is covered with a second layer and the finished product is split if required.
These methods have the drawbacks that impregnation is difiicult, that they are complicated and require complicated equipment.
According to my invention, the drawbacks of the old methods are eliminated. In particular, the fibrous material is impregnated very thoroughly, there is no loss of binder or adhesive, and the equipment required is, comparatively speaking, very simple.
The product is almost equal to natural leather in strength, and it is by no means difiicult to impart to it the flexibility of leather by suitable softening agents.
Any fibrous material may be used for my method. A particularly. suitable material is cotton batten, but fabrics, dehydrated pulpsetc. may as well be used provided the structure of the material at all lends itself to the making of artificial leather, or'leather substitute.
My method is performed as follows: The fibrous In Germany December 19,
material, whatever it may be, is placed on a screen or other foraminous holder, and another screen or the like is placed on top of the material which may be of any desired thickness between the two holders. The two holders or screens are then moved through a solution or suspension of a binder or adhesive, and, if the method is performed properly, the material is thoroughly impregnated. The impregnated body of fibrous material, together with the two holders o'r screens, is now squeezed by a'pair of squeezing rollers or other suitable machine, and the holders or screens may then be'removed, as the body is now self-supporting. It is placed in a precipitating bath where the binder or adhesive is coagulated so that it loses its stickness and the body obtains the required strength. After the precipitation of its binder or adhesive, the body is again squeezed and finally dried.
By inserting the fibrous material between the two screens or holders and by impregnating it with the binder or adhesive while between the holders, a mostintimate mixture of the fibres and the binder is effected in a simple and efiicient manner. Water-repellent properties may be imparted by adding suitable substances to the binder and/or the precipitating agent.
If latex is used as the binder or adhesive, sulfur and an accelerator may be added to the latex so that vulcanization occurs during the drying of the product. Numerous other binders may be used instead of latex, for instance, viscose, gelatine or taurocolla, starch, celluloid solutions, a rubber-benzin solution of the proper concentration, etc. Fillers may be used and obviously the properties of the fillers must be selected in con- 40 per cent latex kilogrammes Water 40 litres Necal, BX as a damping agent 250 grammes 11 kilogrammes 6 kilogrammes Parafiine-oil emulsion Cumaron-resin emulsion The damping agent Necal, BX is produced on the basis of naphthene acid. Necal, BX is a trade-name for a damping agent produced by I-. G. Farbenindustrie A. G., and is a derivative of naphthalene acid.
The composition of Necals is given in the journal fMelliand Textilberichte Volume XIV, No. 3, Heidelberg, March 1933, page 142.
The time for which the piece or body moves through this mixture, is so determined that the batten will be thoroughly impregnated. The impregnatingvperi'od is comparatively short, frequently under one minute.
The body and the two screens are now taken through a pair of rollers where the excess binder is removed and the fibres are compressed. ,The
screens are then removed and the body'is brought into aprecipitating bath of about 45 grammes of acetate of alumina per litre, and is about degs'. centigrade warm. After the precipitation, the body is again squeezed and then dried, whereupon it may be finished as artificial leather in any suitable manner.
I claim:
A-method of making artificial leather from to about 80 0:, and lastly compressing and drying the cotton mass.
KARL HAARBURGER.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1958821X | 1931-12-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1958821A true US1958821A (en) | 1934-05-15 |
Family
ID=7781981
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US647831A Expired - Lifetime US1958821A (en) | 1931-12-19 | 1932-12-17 | Method of making artificial leather |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1958821A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2719795A (en) * | 1948-10-01 | 1955-10-04 | Pellon Corp | Absorbent fibrous sheet material and process of manufacturing the same |
| US2726967A (en) * | 1948-10-23 | 1955-12-13 | Permacel Tape Corp | Paper backed adhesive tape |
| US2737434A (en) * | 1949-04-09 | 1956-03-06 | George W Pierce | Process for treating wool textile products and resulting products |
| US3483016A (en) * | 1966-08-02 | 1969-12-09 | United Shoe Machinery Corp | Treatment of collagen fiber sheet |
-
1932
- 1932-12-17 US US647831A patent/US1958821A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2719795A (en) * | 1948-10-01 | 1955-10-04 | Pellon Corp | Absorbent fibrous sheet material and process of manufacturing the same |
| US2726967A (en) * | 1948-10-23 | 1955-12-13 | Permacel Tape Corp | Paper backed adhesive tape |
| US2737434A (en) * | 1949-04-09 | 1956-03-06 | George W Pierce | Process for treating wool textile products and resulting products |
| US3483016A (en) * | 1966-08-02 | 1969-12-09 | United Shoe Machinery Corp | Treatment of collagen fiber sheet |
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