DE8817004U1 - Garbage press - Google Patents

Description

GARBAGE PRESS

The invention relates to a garbage press according to the generic term

of claim 1.
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An example of such a garbage press is shown in DE-PS 22 62 288.

The application area of the invention is the disposal of garbage cans and sacks of garbage, such as those that accrue in residential areas, on highways, in industrial areas, etc. In this area, for example, there are already garbage transport and compaction devices with the input point for the

Garbage downstream conveyor rollers, which take over the garbage

and transport it into the rear storage space of a container.

This essentially results in a transport effect of the waste, but no greater compaction.

Waste compaction devices have also been announced.

where the garbage behind the input point of

a slider extending essentially over the entire width of the container and pushed backwards. In this known waste compaction device, however, the

Compaction effect of the waste is limited. 25
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Some of these well-known waste transport and compaction devices also have a large conveyor spiral behind the waste input point, which transports the input waste after a screw conveyor

conveying effect into the garbage container. The container

has spiral-shaped conveyor plates on its circumference.

In another waste transport and compaction device, the input point is followed by a rotating conveyor pusher, which conveys the material into the container across its entire width, whereby the input device can be folded up from the back of the garbage truck when the waste needs to be pushed out of the container again.

- In many cases, such waste transport and compaction devices have a very high construction weight, so that, for example, vehicles equipped with them already have a dead weight of up to 2/3 of the permissible total vehicle weight.

c , weight and the usable garbage load is limited.

This means that such vehicles have to travel many kilometers to dispose of waste in a certain area and corresponding additional wage costs etc. are incurred.

The large rotating parts often used also cause the noise of garbage trucks, which is particularly disturbing in residential areas and can be heard from a distance when the garbage trucks are working.

In general, such waste transport and compaction vehicles

designed as complete vehicles in which the waste filling and compaction device and the associated container are permanently installed with the vehicle. _This leads to a high investment cost for the operators

such devices.

DE-PS 22 62 288 mentioned above in the preamble of claim 1 relates to a garbage press with a garbage press piston arranged on a front face of the receiving container in its longitudinal extension and designed as a press shield and mandrels that can be extended or retracted transversely to the container's longitudinal axis, whereby these are provided in two vertically arranged rows in vertical chambers in the area of the vertical longitudinal sides of the container,

_on and where the position of the mandrels on a path of movement of the

The tips of the mandrels are achieved, the direction of which initially has a component against the springback force of the container contents, and then has a component that is aligned with the springback force of the container contents. For this purpose, the mandrels are provided at their chamber-side end both

connected to the drive as well as to a special guide rod. The press plate has a drive and guide device, which is located on both sides of the press plate.

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*■ extends, and a considerable piece in the garbage container

This has a conical shape that opens in the direction of the pressing stroke for emptying the pressed waste

in the direction away from the press plate.

In the application area in question, numerous attempts have already been made to make waste transportable by compacting it in order to

to facilitate disposal.
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The present invention is based on the object of creating a device which is particularly suitable for household and bag waste, as well as mixed ^ and wet waste, which

Despite its lightweight construction, it still results in a high level of waste compression, but is also suitable for attachment to existing trucks or transportable containers.

*
The solution to this task is based on the

^O as known assumed type of garbage press because

characterized in that the garbage press together with the drive device of the pressing piston and garbage retention flaps form an independent add-on unit with connecting parts for attachment to the container used to receive the compressed garbage.

,- ¹ ^ agreed garbage container, whereby the garbage press

has a total dimension smaller than the dimensions of a rear unloading flap of a truck and is of sufficiently light construction to be lifted when a rear unloading flap is swung up. The garbage compactor

^ piston a compared to the cross-sectional area of the

The loading of a garbage container has a small surface area for exerting a high surface pressure on the garbage.

The garbage press according to the invention combines the 3^ advantages of a high compaction of the garbage in the manner of a

with a small piston area achieved pump effect with optimal use of the available waste container space and the comparatively small dimensions of the waste

. the possibility of designing the press piston as

Attachment garbage press that can be attached to the pivoting rear unloading flaps of standard tipping trucks or to other containers as required. ■

While previous garbage transport and compaction vehicles were consistently designed as expensive complete vehicles with high investment costs, according to the present invention, existing tipping trucks can easily be retrofitted with a garbage press according to the invention.

Many common truck types are suitable for accommodating a waste container on their tipping loading area and ) a waste press on a rear unloading flap

according to the invention. However, this can also be stationary

•,c can be used.

According to a practical further development, the add-on unit formed by the garbage press also has a lifting mast for lifting household garbage bags, garbage cans or the like from a lowered floor position to a raised dumping position.

The subclaims characterize advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention, which contribute to the compactness of the garbage press and its functional reliability and good compaction effect despite its small design.

The arrangement of the components of the garbage press, as characterized in claim 3, partly also on the side of the mounting flange facing the garbage container, ensures a shorter overall length of the outwardly protruding press part and a favorable weight distribution, which makes it easier to swing up. The flat, sickle-shaped design of the garbage retention flaps according to claim 4 allows them to be arranged on simple pivot bearings without additional guide rods and still ensures safe retention.

effect for the compressed garbage that springs back into the garbage container. It can also be used with other garbage presses.

Fig. 1 shows a side view of a garbage transport vehicle with

Attachment garbage press, the latter shown in the filling position and the dashed opening position, which allows garbage to be emptied when the vehicle garbage container is transferred to the tipping position.

Fig. 2 shows a view of the refuse transport vehicle from the rear, showing the lifting mast for lifting refuse bins to be emptied from their ground position to the tipping position.

Fig. 3 shows a top view of the add-on garbage press with the attachment flange, garbage filling opening, garbage press piston in various positions and spring-loaded garbage retention flaps in the closed position.

Fig. 3a - 3c show a top view of the attached garbage press with the garbage retention flaps and the garbage press piston in different positions of the pressing process.

Fig. 4 shows a representation corresponding to Fig. 3 and 3a - 3c with the garbage compacting piston and the retaining flaps in the final position of the garbage compacting process.

J Fig. 5 shows the mounting shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

Garbage press in side view, where the mounting flange, the filling opening and the retaining flaps in their closed position can also be seen and also hydraulic lifting cylinders for operating the garbage press piston (dashed line)

in the rest position and (dash-dotted) to indicate the garbage pressing and ejection path.

Fig. 6 shows an enlarged individual view of the garbage retention flaps.

Fig. 1 shows the attached waste press 1 in an attached state on the rear discharge flap 3 of a waste container 5, which can be swivelled up by means of a lifting cylinder and which is placed on the tipping

· Loading area 7 of a truck. In the

In the manner indicated in la, the waste press can be swivelled up using the rear discharge flap 3 when the container 5 is to be tipped out.

The garbage press can be attached to the back of the discharge flap 3 or to stationary garbage containers using the attachment flange 9 shown schematically in Fig. 2 and 3. It forms an independent attachment unit, the connecting parts of which for connection to the container 5 are formed by the attachment flange 9.

The garbage press has a garbage press piston 11, which can be moved from its rest position shown in Fig. 3 and 5 via an intermediate position 11a into a garbage pressing and ejection position 11b as the final position.

The garbage press has an upper filling opening 13 and, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2, a lifting mast 15 is provided on one side of the garbage filling opening, by means of which garbage cans 17 can be lifted from a floor position into a tilted emptying position 17a. As required, such lifting masts can also be arranged on the other side and on the rear of the garbage press. Below the garbage filling opening is the garbage receiving space through which the pressing piston 11 moves to the outlet opening 19 leading into the garbage container 5.

In the manner mentioned, the garbage press 1 is designed as an attachment garbage press, whereby the press piston 11 is relative to

the cross-section of the garbage container 5 to be loaded has small dimensions and thus a very high surface pressure of the garbage results, which leads to a pump-like stuffing effect of the garbage in the container 5. The container 5 is filled progressively from the back to the front and the

The waste is strongly compressed, resulting in a high loading weight. For this purpose, the container 5 is preferably made of high-strength aluminum composite panels with

-1-3»

It is designed with smooth walls and has a slightly conical shape so that even heavily compacted waste can be tipped out.

The strong compaction of the waste in container 5 leads to

that the waste tends to follow the plunger during the retraction movement from its pressing and ejection position 11b and fall back into the filling opening 13. However, this is prevented by the specially arranged and

designed retaining flaps 19, which can be seen in detail in terms of their design and mode of operation in Fig. 3, 3a-3c, 4 to 6, and can also be generally referred to as retaining elements.

c In short, the retaining flaps 19 are arranged such that

designed and mounted so that their free ends 21 move in close contact with the leading surface of the press piston, so that no significant volume of waste enters the space between the retaining

„~ flaps 19 and the leading surface 23 of the plunger

can occur. When the retaining flaps 19 have reached their closed position shown in Fig. 3 during the retraction movement of the press piston into the intermediate position 11a, their free ends 21 are then sufficiently close together to prevent

in the rest position no significant volume of waste falls back from the container 5 into the filling opening 13.

_o - For this purpose, the retaining flaps 19 have a

flat sickle-shaped and are mounted by means of a swivel bearing in the area of the side plates 27 of the press box slightly inside the mounting flange 9 inside the container. The retaining flaps each have a diameter approximately equal to

length corresponding to half the width of the plunger 11, whereby

the stroke of the press piston into the container 5 is designed to approximately align the press piston front surface 23 with the free ends 21 of the retaining flaps 19 and

the retaining flaps 19 in their pivot bearings 25

have a stronger curvature in the adjoining area, which flattens out towards the free ends 21 of the retaining flaps.

On their sides facing the pistons, the

Retaining flaps 19 in their upper area on the upper edge of the guide rails 29 for interaction with ball-bearing pressure rollers 31 arranged on the two front sides of the press piston, which always position the retaining flaps 19 exactly along the

The opening movement of the retaining flaps 19 is counteracted by strong springs 43, so that the waste is pushed out into the

the garbage container 5 undergoes pre-compaction.

The flat sickle-shaped design of the retaining flaps 19 also means that the retaining flaps during their opening movement in addition to the garbage compaction

effect of the advancing press piston 13 in the manner indicated by the arrows 33 in Fig. 3a a lateral compaction effect on the waste in the lateral area 35 between the side surfaces of the

J 25 plunger 11 and the side walls 37 of the container

As can be seen from Fig. 5, the side walls 27 of the outer press chamber are continued into the interior of the container only as upper and lower beams 39 and 11, so that the retaining flaps 19 can move freely to the side

_on . These beams have cover plates at the top and bottom

In Fig. 6 you can see in detail the installation of the retaining flaps 19 and their pivot bearings 25 in relation to the upper and lower beams 39 and 41. As already mentioned

and as can be seen from Fig. 3 a, the front ends 35

21 of the retaining flaps 19 in the swung-apart state

essentially in alignment with the leading edge 23 of the garbage compactor piston 11. It can also be seen from Fig. 6 that

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the radius of curvature R of the inner sides of the retaining flaps 19 adjoining the pivot bearings 25 is flattened towards the outer end 21 of the return flap. This can be seen on the right-hand side of the radius R. The starting rails 29 interacting with the pressure rollers 31 are offset a little inwards according to the radius R1. It can be seen that the radius R2 of the outer sides of the retaining flaps 19 is offset outwards and upwards by small distances a and b from the center of the radii R and RI, whereby the center of rotation of the pivot bearing 25 is again offset by a small distance c from the center of the radii R and R1 into the container.

■' is inserted. The sickle-shaped form of the retaining

flaps 19 also results from the fact that the width dimension D of the retaining flaps near the pivot bearing is larger than the width dimension e at the free end 21. Together with the distance dimension f of the center point and the dimension L of the total length of the retaining flaps 19

in relation to the total width KB of the press piston 11

and the attachment of the pivot bearings 25 in the middle

The beam width H results in the desired closely adjacent guidance of the free ends 21 of the retaining flaps 19 to the leading edge 23 of the press piston 11 as indicated in Fig. 3a-3c.

For the compact press design described above, the following dimensional ratios have proven to be practical in order to achieve the closely spaced guide mentioned:

Piston width KB 700 mm

Beam width H 80 mm

Rear flap inner radius R 160 mm

Starting rail radius R1 147 mm

Retaining flap outer radius R2 193 mm

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Dimension offset of 10 mm

Dimension offset b 15 mm

Center distance f 168 mm

Center distance c 35 mm

Retaining flap width d 65 mm

Retaining flap width d 44 mm
End bevel on retaining flaps 20°.

The dimensional relationships mentioned are a practical example for achieving the desired effect and can be adapted depending on the application.

The pressing chamber of the garbage press is formed by a pressing box 40, which has a frame made of square tubes

can have, for example with pipes with a wall thickness of 4 mm and a thickness of 80 mm. The underside and sides of the press box are lined with light metal composite panels that can withstand very high pressures with a minimum weight. To reduce wear

the plates are coated on the inside with a plastic that has favorable friction conditions with a wear-resistant layer provided on the sliding sides of the press piston. A suitable light metal composite material for the side walls 27 and the underside of the press box

are, for example, aluminum composite panels, such as those available under the trade name "Alucopan". Such panels are available with a high-strength aluminum outer skin of 3 mm thickness on one side, a 1 mm thick aluminum outer skin on the other side and a light

in the composite core material with a density of 150 kg/m ³ , a compressive strength of 0.3 N/mm ³ , a shear strength of 0.3 N/mm ² and, for example, 30 mm thickness.

It has been proven that a press box made of such material, despite its lightweight construction, which allows for a favorable attachment to the swiveling discharge flaps of the 3

shown type and the like, but still a

has a high degree of dent resistance and can withstand the stresses that occur during operation.

Since the plunger is also made of lightweight steel construction or

Since the press can be built from a cast aluminum construction, the overall weight of the press is very low, allowing for a wide range of applications.

As can be seen, the plunger 11 is designed as a flat plunger

As can be seen from Fig. 5, diagonal hydraulic pistons 43 V and 45 are provided inside the flat piston 11, the extended positions of which are determined by

the dotted lines 43' and 45' are indicated.

In total there are four such double-acting

Cylinders that are guided synchronously by a synchronous stroke device (not shown in detail) so that no jamming can occur in the piston area. Such synchronous stroke devices are commercially available, for example from Neumeister Hydraulik KG, and

They therefore do not require any further description here. It is important that each of the four double-acting hydraulic cylinders performs exactly the same stroke and thus avoids any unwanted jamming.

The press described has no moving parts other than the return flaps and the press piston 11 and is therefore very robust, resistant to faults and, above all, quiet. The electro-hydraulic control, which is not explained in detail here, is tailored to the individual lifting processes, so

that speedy work is guaranteed. Control is possible using a four-way control element.

Depending on the application, either a central

Press unit or parallel press units can be used, since the press according to the invention can be made very small.

15

The garbage press according to the invention expediently works together with a swap container, which is only shown and not described in more detail, which is placed on the loading area of a truck and, if required, can also be removed from the truck equipped with the press and parked separately.

Claims (8)

MULAG VEHICLE WORKS H. WÖSSNER GMBH & CO KG 7605 Bad-Peterstal-Grb. Munich, July 24, 1991 ^protective smells T 1. Garbage press with an upper garbage filling opening with an adjoining garbage receiving space, through which a pressing piston can be moved, which pushes the garbage out through an exit opening of the garbage receiving space into an adjoining garbage container and presses it, wherein garbage retaining elements can be inserted from the side at the exit opening of the garbage receiving space, which at least partially cover the exit opening and prevent pressed garbage from springing back from the garbage container into the garbage receiving space at the garbage filling opening, characterized in that the garbage press (1) together with the drive device (43, 45) of the pressing piston (11) and garbage retaining flaps (19) are designed as an independent add-on unit with connecting parts (9) on the garbage container (5) intended for receiving the pressed garbage, wherein the garbage press (1) as a whole has a dimension smaller than the dimension of a rear unloading flap of a truck (7) and can be inserted in sufficiently lightweight construction for lifting when swinging up a rear discharge flap, whereby the garbage compactor piston (11) is designed to exert a high Bavarian Association Bank, Munich, account no. 882495 (bank code 700 202 70) ■ German Bank, Munich, account no. 82/08050 (bank code 700 700 10) Postal Check Office Munich, Account No. 1633 97 -802 (bank code 700 100 80) 2
Surface pressure on the garbage is designed. 2. Garbage press according to claim 1, characterized in that the add-on unit also has a lifting mast for lifting household garbage bags, garbage cans or the like from a lowered floor position (17) into a raised dumping position (17a). 3. Garbage press according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the garbage press with its part receiving the garbage press piston in its final position of the garbage pressing process projects over an attachment flange (9) serving as a connecting part in the direction of the interior of the garbage container (5) into which the garbage is pressed, and that the pivot bearings (25) of the garbage retaining flaps (19) are also located in this part. 4. Garbage press according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the garbage retaining flaps (19) are designed in such a flat sickle shape (Fig. 6) that their free ends (21), which in the retaining position reach close to the middle of the press piston front side (23), can be guided in close proximity to the press piston front side when the press piston (11) is retracted. 5. Garbage press according to claim 4, characterized in that the opening movement of the garbage retaining flaps (19) is counteracted by strong springs (13) in such a way that the garbage in the garbage receiving space below the filling opening (13) 3Q is pre-compacted as the garbage compactor piston moves forward, before the garbage pushed out into the garbage container (5) opens the retaining flaps (19). 6. Garbage press according to claim 4, characterized in that the garbage retaining flaps (19) have guide rails (29) for interacting with pressure rollers (31) arranged on the front side (23) of the press piston, which are used for the forced control of the distance between the garbage retaining flaps (19) and front of the press piston (23), whereby the outer sides of the waste retention flaps (19) form pressing surfaces with lateral pressing force components (arrows 33), which _c in the side corner spaces (35) at the front of the garbage container (5) press. 7. Garbage press according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the press piston (11) is designed as a flat piston that is narrow in the stroke direction and is driven by means of synchronously guided diagonal hydraulic pistons (13, 45). 8. Garbage press according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the press box (40) and/or the press piston (11) is made of light metal composite panels with a high-strength outer skin and lightweight core material as well as with a friction-reducing coating. 2Q 9- Garbage press according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the garbage retention flaps are covered on their upper and lower sides by cover plates (42) which are carried by the upper and lower beams (39, 41), while the lateral space between the beams (39, 41) is open ^ ₅ is.