DE8905154U1 - Garbage press - Google Patents

Description

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MOLLPRESS The invention relates to a garbage press according to the generic term

of claim 1.

k/ An example of such a garbage press is shown in DE-PS 22 62 288.

The application area of the invention is the disposal of garbage cans and sacks of garbage, such as those that accrue in residential areas, on motorways, in industrial areas, etc. In this area, for example, there are already garbage transport and compaction devices with the input point for the garbage cans and conveyor rollers, which take over the garbage ^. and transport to the rear of a container

This essentially involves a transport effect of the waste, but no greater compaction. ^

Garbage compaction devices have also been announced.

In which the garbage behind the input point is captured by a slider that extends across the entire width of the container and pushed backwards. However, in this known garbage compaction device, the

Compaction effect of the waste is limited. 25

Some of these well-known waste transport and compaction devices also have a large conveyor spiral behind the waste input point, which pushes the input waste into the waste container after a screw conveyor effect. The container itself has spiral-shaped conveyor plates on its circumference.

In another waste transport and compaction device, the input point is followed by a rotating conveyor slide, which pushes the material across its entire width into the container

^u , with the input device from the back

of the garbage truck can be folded up when the garbage is to be pushed out of the container again.

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, In many cases, such waste transport and compaction devices have a very high construction weight, so that vehicles equipped with them already have a dead weight of up to 2/3 of the permissible total vehicle weight and the usable waste load is limited.

% This means that such vehicles are used for disposal

j of a certain area many kilometers driven

eat and corresponding additional wage costs etc.

M attack.

M The large rotating parts often used cause

H Things that are particularly disturbing in living areas

Noises from garbage trucks, which allow one to hear the activity of such garbage trucks from a distance.

15

In general, such waste transport and compaction vehicles

;J have been designed as complete vehicles in which the waste

' filling and compaction device and the associated

,· Containers are firmly attached to the vehicle. The

__ leads to high investment costs for the operators

such devices.

DE-PS 22 62 288 mentioned above in the preamble of claim 1 relates to a garbage press with a front face

: __ of the receiving container in its longitudinal extension

■ and designed as a press shield garbage compactor piston and across the

mandrels that can be extended or retracted along the container's longitudinal axis, whereby these are provided in two vertically arranged rows in vertical chambers in the area of the vertical longitudinal sides of the container,

_o _ and wherein the position of the mandrels on a movement path of the

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tips of the mandrels, the direction of which initially has a component against the springback force of the container contents? and then has a component that is aligned with the springback force of the container contents. For this

The purpose of the mandrels at their chamber-side end is both

if

with the drive as with a special guide rod

m The press plate has a drive and guide

Device located on both sides of the press chute*

and extends a considerable distance into the garbage container. This has a conical shape that opens in the direction of the pressing stroke to empty the compressed garbage in the direction away from the pressing plate.

In the application area in question, numerous attempts have already been made to make waste transportable by compacting it in order to facilitate disposal.

&Dgr; The present invention is based on the object

to create a device that is particularly suitable for household and bagged waste, as well as mixed and wet waste, which although lightweight in construction, still leads to a high level of waste compression, but also allows for the attachment to already existing

existing trucks or transportable containers.

The solution to this problem is characterized, starting from the type of garbage press assumed to be known at the beginning, by the fact that the garbage press, together with the drive device of the press piston and garbage retention flaps, is designed as an independent add-on unit with connecting parts for attachment to the garbage container intended to receive the pressed garbage, whereby the garbage press

has a total dimension smaller than the dimensions of a rear unloading flap of a truck and is of sufficiently light construction to be lifted when a rear unloading flap is swung up, whereby the garbage compactor piston has a cross-sectional area of

The loading of a garbage container has a small surface area for exerting a high surface pressure on the garbage.

The garbage press according to the invention combines the advantages of a high compaction of the garbage in the manner of a pump effect achieved with a small piston area with optimal use of the available garbage container space and the relatively small dimensions of the garbage

The possibility of designing it as an add-on waste press, which can be attached to the swiveling rear loading flaps of standard tipping trucks or to other containers as required, thanks to the press piston.

While previous garbage transport and compaction vehicles were consistently designed as expensive complete vehicles with high investment costs, according to the present invention, existing tipping trucks can easily be retrofitted with a garbage press according to the invention.

Many common truck types are suitable for accommodating a suitable waste container on their tipping platform and for attaching a waste press according to the invention to a rear unloading flap. However, this can also be stationary

, _c can be used.

According to a practical further development, the add-on unit formed by the garbage press also has a lifting mast for lifting household garbage bags, garbage cans or the like from a lowered floor position to a raised dumping position.

The subclaims characterize advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention, which contribute to the compactness of the garbage press and its functional reliability and

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The arrangement of the components of the garbage press, as characterized in claim 3, partly also on the side of the mounting flange facing the garbage container, ensures a shorter

Overall length of the outwardly projecting press part and

favorable weight distribution, which facilitates the swiveling up. The flat, sickle-shaped design of the garbage retention flaps according to claim H allows them to be arranged on simple swivel bearings without additional guide rods and still ensures safe retention

effect for the compressed garbage that springs back into the garbage container. It can also be used with other garbage presses.

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Claim 10 characterizes a favorable development of the invention, in which the waste retention plates are formed by several plate-shaped segments, each of which is movable on both sides against a prestressing force

g above the height of the exit opening of the receiving room

are distributed.

Such a design has the advantage that a reliable retention effect is guaranteed even when

,Q if, for example, after the extension process and when reversing

When the press piston is in its retracted position, bulky objects can remain jammed in the area between the opposing tips of the press plates. In such a case, the press plate segments can still close completely above and below the jammed object, so that safety is guaranteed over the entire height against pieces of waste falling out.

In the flat conical &ldquor;^ Design of the press plate segments is also for

It is ensured that any waste that is at risk of getting stuck can slide freely out of the waste receiving area through the pressing plates during the emptying process of the waste press at the waste dump.

Claims 12 and 13 relate to advantageous embodiments which require less material expenditure and thus also less weight for the press plates, but nevertheless exert a secure retention effect for many types of waste.

Fig. 1 shows a side view of a refuse transport vehicle with an attached garbage press, the latter shown in the filling position and the opening position shown in dashed lines, which allows the garbage to be emptied when the vehicle garbage container is moved to the tipping position.

Fig. 2 shows a view of the refuse transport vehicle from the rear, showing the lifting mast for lifting refuse bins to be emptied from their ground position to the tipping position.

Fig. 3 shows a top view of the attachment press with the mounting flange, waste filling opening, waste press piston in various positions and spring-loaded waste retaining flaps in the closed position.

Fig. 3a - 3c show a top view of the add-on garbage press with the garbage retention flaps and the garbage press piston in different positions of the

&ldquor;&rdquor;

pressing process.

Fig. 4 shows a representation corresponding to Fig. 3 and 3a - 3c with the waste compactor piston and the retaining flaps

in the final position of the Mü" pressing process. 25

Fig. 5 shows the attached waste press shown in Figs. 3 and 4 in side view, where the attachment flange, the filling opening and the retaining flap in their closed position can also be seen and in addition hydraulic

Lifting cylinder for operating the garbage compactor piston (dashed line) in the rest position and (dash-dotted line) to indicate the garbage compaction and ejection path.

Fig. 6 shows an enlarged individual view of the MQIl retaining flaps.

Fig. 7 shows a top view of an embodiment with modified waste retention flaps, corresponding to Fig. 3.

8a.

Fig. 8 shows a front view of the modified gauze retention flaps from Fig.

Figure description:

30 Fig. 1 shows the attached waste press 1 in attached condition

on the rear unloading flap 3 of a waste container S, which can be swivelled up by means of a lifting cylinder and which is placed on the tipping

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ft · ft ft · ft ft ft ft ft I

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loading area 7 of a truck. In the

In the manner indicated in la, the garbage press can be swiveled up using the rear unloading flap 3 when the container 5 is to be tipped out.

The garbage press can be attached to the rear of the discharge flap 3 or to stationary garbage disposal systems by means of the attachment flange S shown schematically in Fig. 2 and 3. It is an independent attachment unit, the attachment to the connection between the container 5 and the attachment flange 9 is formed.

The garbage press has a garbage pressing piston 11, which is moved from its rest position shown in Fig. 3 and 5 via a

Intermediate position 11a into a garbage compacting and ejection position 11b

can be transferred to the final position.

The garbage press has an upper filling opening 13 and, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2, on one side of the

A lifting mast 15 is provided for the waste filling opening, by means of

whose garbage cans 17 can be lifted from a floor position into a tilted emptying position 17a. Depending on requirements, such lifting masts can also be arranged on the other side and on the rear of the garbage press. Below the garbage filling opening is the garbage receiving space through which the press piston 11 moves to the outlet opening 19 leading into the garbage container 5.

In the manner mentioned, the garbage press 1 is designed as an attachment garbage press ₃ Q, whereby the pressing piston 11 is relative to

the cross-section of the waste container 5 to be loaded has small dimensions and thus a very high surface pressure of the waste results, which leads to a pump-like stuffing effect of the waste in the container 5. The container 5 is

_Q , progressively filled from back to front and the

The waste is strongly compressed, resulting in a high loading weight. For this purpose, the container 5 is preferably made of high-strength aluminum composite panels with

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smooth walls and has a slightly conical shape so that even highly compacted MQII can be tipped out.

The strong compaction of the garbage in the container 5 means that the garbage tends to follow the pistons and fall back into the filling opening 13 during the retraction movement of the press piston from its pressing and ejection position. However, this is prevented by the specially designed and equipped retaining flaps 19, the design and mode of operation of which can be seen in Fig. 3, 3a-3c, 4 to 6, and which can also be referred to as retaining flaps.

In short, the P.tiekhaltekSppen 19 are arranged in such a way

designed and mounted in such a way that their free ends 21 move in close contact with the leading surface 23 of the press piston, so that no significant volume of waste can enter the space between the retaining

-_ flaps *) and the leading surface 23 of the plunger

can occur. When the retaining flaps 19 have reached their closed position shown in Fig. 3 during the retraction movement of the press piston into the intermediate position 11a, their free ends 21 are then sufficiently sealed

_2B together in order to further retract the plunger?

in the rest position no significant volume of waste falls back from the container 5 into the filling opening 13.

For this purpose, the retaining flaps 19 have a

flat sickle-shaped and are mounted by means of swivel bearings 25 in the area of the side plates 27 of the press box slightly inside the mounting flange 9 in the interior of the container 5. The retaining flaps each have a diameter approximately equal to

length corresponding to half the width of the plunger 11, whereby 36

the stroke of the press piston into the container 5 until

designed to align the front surface 23 of the press piston with the free ends 21 of the retaining flaps 19 and

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the retaining flaps 19 have a stronger curvature in their area adjacent to the pivot bearings 25, which flattens out towards the free ends 21 of the retaining flaps.

On their sides facing the pistons, the

Retaining flaps 19 in their upper area on the upper edge of the support rails 29 for interaction with ball-bearing pressure rollers 31 arranged on the two front sides of the press piston, which always position the retaining flaps 19 exactly along the

The piston front side 23 and a smaller distance lead to this, so that the piston does not suffer any frictional injuries during the return and working process. The opening movement of the retaining flaps 19 is subjected to strong

!5 springs 43 so that the waste is pushed out into

the garbage container 5 undergoes pre-compaction.

The flat sickle-shaped design of the retaining flaps also means that the retaining flaps

Opening movement in addition to the garbage compaction

effect of the advancing press piston 13 in the manner indicated by the arrows 33 in Fig. 3a a lateral compaction effect on the waste in the lateral area 35 between the side surfaces of the

_oe . Press piston 11 and the side walls 37 of the container

As can be seen from Fig. 5, the side walls 27 of the outer press chamber are continued into the interior of the container only as upper and lower beams 39 and 41, so that the retaining flaps 19 can move freely to the side

can. At the top and bottom, these beams carry cover plates 30

In Fig. 6 you can see in detail the installation of the retaining flaps 19 and their pivot bearings 25 in relation to the upper and lower beams 39 and 41. As already mentioned and as can be seen from Fig. 3 a, the front ends 21 of the retaining flaps 19 in the pivoted apart state are essentially in alignment with the leading edge of the garbage compactor piston 11. It can also be seen from Fig. 6 that

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the radius of curvature R of the pivot bearing 2S

the adjacent inner side of the retaining flaps 19 is flattened towards the outer end 21 of the return flap. This can be seen on the right side of the radius R.

* The starting rails interacting with the pressure rollers 31

29 are offset inwards a little according to radius R1. It is clear that the radius R2 of the outer sides of the retaining flaps 19 is offset outwards and upwards by small distances a and b from the center of the radii R and R1, with wisdsrum being the center of rotation

of the pivot bearing 25 is offset by a small distance c from the center of the radii R and R1 into the container. The sickle-shaped form of the retaining flaps 19 also results from the fact that the width dimension D

^lb of the retaining flaps near the pivot bearing

is larger than the width dimension e at the free end 21. Together with the distance dimension f of the center point and the dimension L of the total length of the retaining flaps 19 in relation to the total width KB of the press piston 11

^O and the attachment of the pivot bearings 25 in the middle

With respect to the width of the beam H, this structural design results in the desired closely adjacent guidance of the front ends 21 ^of the rear ends 19 to the leading edge 23 of the press piston 11, as indicated in Fig. 3a-3c.

For the compact press design described above, the following dimensional ratios have proven to be practical in order to achieve the closely spaced guide mentioned:

Piston boards KB 700 mm Beam width H 80 mm

Retaining flaps inner radius R 160 mm

Starting rail radius RI 147 mm

Rear shark flaps

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Dimension offset of 10 mm Dimension offset b 15 mm

Centre distance f 168 mm Centre distance c 35 mm Retaining flap width d 65 mm Retaining flap width d 44 mm End bevel on retaining flaps 20 ^c

The dimensional relationships mentioned are a practical example of how to achieve the desired effect and allow

adapt depending on the application.

The pressing chamber of the waste press is formed by a pressing box, which can have a frame made of square tubes, for example with tubes of H mm wall

thickness and 80 mm thickness. The press box is lined with light metal composite panels on the underside and on the sides, which can withstand very high pressures with a minimal weight. To reduce wear, the panels are coated with plastic on the inside.

which provides favorable friction conditions with a wear-resistant layer provided on the sliding sides of the press piston. A suitable lightweight composite material for the side walls 27 and the underside of the press box is, for example, aluminum composite panels, as described under

under the trade name "Alucopan". Such panels are available with a high-strength aluminum outer skin of 3 mm thickness on one side, a 1 mm thick aluminum outer skin on the other side and a light core material with a

Density of 150 kg/m ³ , a compressive strength of 0.3 N/mm ² , a shear strength of 0.3 N/mm ² and, for example, 30 mm thickness.

It has been proven that a structure made of such material

Press box despite a lightweight construction, which allows a favorable attachment to the swiveling emptying flaps of the 3

shown type and the like allowed/nevertheless a

has a high degree of dent resistance and can withstand the stresses that occur during operation.

Since the plunger is also made of lightweight steel construction or

Since the press can be built from a cast aluminum construction, the overall weight of the press is very low, allowing for a wide range of applications.

As can be seen, the plunger 11 is designed as a flat plunger

As can be seen from Fig. 5, diagonal hydraulic pistons 43 and 45 are provided inside the flat piston 11, the extended positions of which are indicated by the dash-dotted lines 43' and 45 ¹ .

In total there are four such double-acting

Cylinders that are provided with a CI calibration guide via a non-illustrated equal stroke device, so that no canting can occur in the piston area. Such equal stroke devices are commercially available, for example from Neumeister Hydraulik KC, and

They therefore do not require any further description here. It is important that each of the four double-acting hydraulic cylinders performs exactly the same stroke and thus avoids any unwanted jamming.

The press described has no moving parts other than the return flaps and the press piston 11 and is therefore very robust, resistant to faults and, above all, quiet. The electro-hydraulic

Control is tailored to the individual lifting processes, so

that draught-free working is guaranteed. The control is possible using a four-way control element.

Depending on the application, either a central

Press unit or parallel press units can be used, since the press according to the invention can be made very small.

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The garbage press according to the invention works

with a merely drawn and not further described swap container, which is placed on a truck bed, and if required also by

taken from the truck equipped with the press and

can be parked separately.

Depending on the type of waste compacted in the waste receiving area by the waste press and its greater or lesser tendency to fall back out of the

Garbage collection space in the garbage filling opening or to get caught on the garbage retention flaps, these can be designed differently.

¹ ^ Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a modified

Embodiment of garbage retention flaps 51 and 53, which have a flat conical cross-section.

The bearing of these waste retention flaps 51 and 53 as well as their guidance by means of

arranged pressure rollers 31' can be essentially the same as described in connection with Figures 3-3c.

Especially for larger waste, it may be sufficient if the free ends of the waste retention flaps 51, 53 extend from both sides up to about one third over the width of the exit opening of the waste receiving space, as can be seen in Fig. 7.

³ ^ The flat conical design also ensures

to ensure that even pieces of rubbish that tend to get stuck can slide out easily when the rubbish collection area is emptied at the rubbish tip.

Figure 8 illustrates that the waste retention plates

51, 53 formed by several plate-shaped segments

Segments free.

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which are distributed over the height of the exit opening of the receiving room. Depending on the type of '%

treated waste, the segments can be transported via the ^v ;l

Height can be distributed at a smaller or larger distance. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the segments distributed over the height of the refuse receiving space (below the refuse retention flaps numbered with reference numerals 51 and 52) leave between them spaces of approximately the same size as the

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Claims (1)

1. Garbage press with a garbage filling opening with an adjoining garbage receiving space, through which a pressing piston is displaced, which pushes out and presses the garbage through an exit opening of the garbage receiving space into an adjoining garbage container, wherein garbage retaining elements can be inserted from the side at the exit opening of the garbage receiving space, which at least partially cover the exit opening and prevent pressed garbage from springing back from the garbage container into the garbage receiving space at the garbage filling opening, characterized in that the garbage press (1) together with the drive device (43, 45) of the pressing piston (11) and garbage retaining flaps (19) are designed as an independent add-on unit with connecting parts (9) on the garbage container (5) intended for receiving the pressed garbage, wherein the garbage press (1) as a whole has a dimension of rear unloading flap of a truck (7) and is of sufficiently light construction to be lifted when a rear unloading flap is swung up wherein the garbage compactor piston (11) is designed to exert a high B*vtrltch« Vtr*ln«bink Münotwn, Account No. 882498 (bank code 70020270) · Oautiehe Bank Munich, Account No. 82/0&bgr;0&Bgr;0 (SLZ 70070010) PhlMlMfinM'Kw.Nr. 1A3307 ·802 (bank code 70010080) &idigr;« &diams;··· *· ··· ·· 2. . Surface pressure on the garbage is designed. 2. Garbage press according to claim 1, characterized in that the add-on unit also has a lifting mast for lifting household garbage bags, garbage cans or the like from a lowered floor position (17) into a raised dumping position (17a). § 3. ^ü£5pf@5$e according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that '% iQ that the garbage press with its garbage compactor piston in its !§ Final position of the garbage compacting process receiving part over fj a mounting flange (9) serving as a connecting part in towards the inside of the waste container (5), ,-- into which the waste is pressed, and that in this IQ Also part of the pivot bearings (25) of the waste retention flaps (19) condition. 4. Garbage press according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the garbage retaining flaps (19) are designed in such a flat sickle-shaped manner (Fig. 6) that their The free ends (21) which extend close to the middle of the front side of the press piston (23) in the retaining position can be guided in close proximity to the front side of the press piston when the press piston (11) is retracted. 25 5. Garbage press according to claim 4, characterized in that the opening movement of the garbage retaining flaps (19) is counteracted by strong springs (43) in such a way that the garbage in the garbage receiving space below the filling opening (13) 3Q is pre-loaded when the garbage compactor piston moves forward. sealing before the garbage pushed into the garbage container (5) opens the retaining flaps (19). 6. Garbage press according to claim 4, characterized in that 3g the garbage retaining flaps (19) have guide rails (29) for ! Interaction with the piston front string (23) arranged pressure rollers (31) which are responsible for the forced distance control between the garbage retention flaps (if) and 3. front of the plunger (23), whereby the outer sides the garbage retention flaps (19) form pressing surfaces with lateral pressing force components (arrows 33), which _&egr; into the side corner spaces (35) in the front of the garbage container (5) press. /. Garbage press according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the press piston (11) is designed as a flat piston that is narrow in the stroke direction and is driven by means of synchronized diagonal hydraulic pistons (43, 115). 8. Garbage press according to one or more of the preceding ,_ claims, characterized in that the press box (40) and/or the press piston (11) made of light metal composite panels with a high-strength outer skin and lightweight core material as well as a friction-reducing coating. 2Q 9. Garbage press according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the garbage pressure retaining flaps are covered on their upper and lower sides by cover plates (42) which are carried by the upper and lower beams (39, 41), while the lateral space between the beams (39, 41) is open ^. 3a 10. Garbage press according to one or more of claims 1 to 3 or 5 to 9, characterized in that the garbage retaining plates 61/53) are formed by several plate-shaped segments, which are each distributed on both sides over the height of the outlet opening of the garbage receiving space so as to be movable against a prestressing force. 11. Garbage press according to claim 10, characterized in that the segments arranged on both sides of the outlet opening of the garbage receiving space are flat and have a flat, conical cross-section . . are. 12. Garbage press according to claim 11, characterized in that the flat conical tapered free ends of the garbage retention flaps from both sides up to about one third over the Width of the exit opening of the waste collection area extend. 13. Garbage press according to claim 1-U 12 or 13 characterized in that the segments of the refuse retention flaps distributed over the height of the exit opening of the refuse receiving space have spaces between them of approximately the same size how to release the segments.
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