DE86852C - - Google Patents

Description

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IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 21: Electrical apparatus.

ALFRED PIEDFORT in CALAIS (France).

Number of vibrations.

Patented in the German Empire on November 4, 1894.

The present invention relates to a telegraphic transmission system which at the same time on the same wire in the same or in the opposite direction permitted to transmit more than one hundred dispatches, each dispatch separately to their destination is recorded and not by mixing the character delivery for disturbs the other.

With this purpose in mind, each is made up of an ordinary pushbutton telegraphic giver associated with an institution that enables him to pass through the line to send an undulating current, the frequency of which for each Button is assumed differently. In the line wire, the currents of different frequencies appear mixed, so to speak, but they become individually of them assigned recipients of the destination stations effectively recorded by these receivers only respond to currents of a certain number of oscillations and with the help of light (by means of radioscopes) cause the actuation of electrical relays.

In this way, the aforementioned system of multiple parts is based on that of Helmholtz with reference to the principles established by the response.

The attached drawing shows:

Fig. Ι and 2 a side view and a top view of a mechanical encoder of new kind.

Fig. 3 and 4 are Grundrifs and Aufrifs (section) of the new optical receiver according to an embodiment in which a lens is mounted on the vibrating plate and moves between two grille panels.

Fig. 4a shows, in sectional elevation, part of the optical receiver of those Embodiment, in which the lens is fixed, but the vibrating plate is provided with a grille.

Fig. 4 b illustrate the opposing two grille diaphragms.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of an optical receiver installed in a darkroom arranged and without switching on a lens acts in the light beam paths, the penetrating through channel gaps Rays of light fall on a grille, beyond which a radioscope is located.

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating the connection of a number of substations B to a main station A for a system in which up to 20 dispatches can be conveyed simultaneously on the same line wire.

7, 8, 9 and ι ο represent an embodiment in the arrangement of the current surges generating commuter roller, with FIGS. 7 and 8 showing the side and top views, FIG. 9 shows a longitudinal section and FIG. 10 shows a circuit diagram is.

Identical or corresponding organs are denoted by the same letters.

The encoder according to Figs. 1 and 2 also consists of

next from the wheels or running gear installed between frame parts a a ^{s, the base} plate a ¹ of which is screwed onto the table top α. This drive, the arrangement of which is similar to that of the Hu gh's see type printer, is driven by the weight Q suspended from the loose roller ι and acting through the chain ο and the row of wheels io, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5 transmits a rotation onto the shaft d, with which the shaft of the commutator roller R is coupled at ^{d 1.} This roller R is formed by a metallic cylinder, on the circumference of which copper rings r ¹ or rings made of other highly conductive metal are placed; in turn, insulated pieces, appropriately ivory pieces r ^2, are embedded in these at equal intervals. The roller R receives as many rings r ¹ as telegraph offices or stations are to be connected to the same mechanical transmitter. The illustrated embodiment shows the arrangement of ten rings r ¹ , corresponding to ten stations that enter into communication with each other and can exchange up to 20 dispatches simultaneously (giving and receiving). Each ring r ¹ is provided with a different number of ivory bars r ² , and a special spring or electric circuit brush r grinds on each ring. These electric circuit brushes, whose holder, which can be folded down around a hinge b ¹ at the posts b, carries an insulating ebonite rail b ' ² , are each connected by a special wire to the lever pivot point of an associated button M , so that when the button is pressed against a stop m , the circuit of the battery P connected to m is completed and a current is sent into the line; as a result of the interruptions which it ^{suffers when passing the insulating strips r 2} under the brushes r , the current acquires an undulating character. The derivation of the current from the metal commutator roller R is conveyed by the frame α ' ² , to which the clamp y is attached.

The endless chain ο of the Hughes' elevator, in which the drive weight Q. hangs, leads over the drive-receiving sprocket 2 on the shaft of the gearwheel 10 and furthermore, leading over rollers ee , forms a loop on the other side of the sprocket c , in which the tension weight q is hanging with the loose roller e ^1. When the clockwork is about to run down, which is indicated by a fork q ^{1 connected} to the support bracket of the tensioning weight q and striking a bell, the weight Q must be wound up again. For this purpose, one presses on the footboard p, which is rotatable at p ³ , whereby a pawl c ^{1 is} moved by means of the chain o ¹ , which is led past c and is held on the other side by a spring p- and is attached to the footboard rod p ¹ , in order to move in Engage with a ratchet on the wheel c to bring about a rotation of the same. The backward rotation of the wheel c is prevented by the pawl c ² , so that the weight Q. can be fully raised with the repetition of the footboard movement. The drive emanating from the same continues to act uninterruptedly.

The gear 3 is driven with the shaft h by the wheel 4 on the shaft d ; in this shaft, the Hughes regulator H (Fig. 2) is arranged, which BEZW a precisely uniform rotation of the gear train. enables the commutator roller R and the synchronization with the other station apparatuses of the same device.

The engine device and regulator are known and are the subject matter of the present invention only shared.

The different type of commutator roller shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 consists of two cylinder pieces RR ^{1 of} unequal diameter, each of which has ten rings, which are connected in pairs, ie one of one part with one of the other. From Fig. 9, the longitudinal section of this roller, it can be seen how the connection between the related rings is accomplished by wires arranged inside, while the outer conductive connection between the current circuit springs associated with the rings r respectively. r ° with inclusion of the battery P of the individual buttons Ai ¹ M and resistors G ¹ G in FIG. 10 is illustrated.

The hollow body of the two parts RR ^{1 of} the commutator cylinder consists of ebonite, and the metal copper rings which belong to part R have parallel pieces of ivory set at equal intervals; each ring r ¹ has a different number of such embedded insulating pieces. One ring r ¹ is in conductive connection with one of the rings r + made entirely of copper at R ^{by a conductor rail r 4} , to which the current path is formed from the ring r ¹ by an inwardly continuous screw r ³ , while the connection the conductor rail r ⁴ with the ring r + through the screw r ⁶ happens. Insulated attached screws r ⁵ hold the conductor ^{rails r 4} in position within the roller body.

The circuit springs or brushes r slide on the rings r ¹ and the circuit springs or brushes r ° on the full rings marked r +; the brush holder i? ² R ³ are attached so that they are isolated from each other and are also arranged in such a way that the brushes are completely lifted off or are supported on the rings with more or less pressure

The shaft d ^{2 of} the commutator roller RR ¹ is coupled at d ^L to the drive shaft of a synchronous clockwork, as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, in order to obtain the uniform and regular rotation.

Between the 1 to 10 designated individual terminals of the brushes r r °, the connection is then BEZW by means of the commutator roller. made on the conductor rails r * when the brush r rests on the copper pieces of the rings r ¹ . In this way, one ring r ^{1 is} in a conductive connection with one ring r +, without current being able to be diverted to the others. Each terminal / the roller part R ¹ is connected to a button M ¹ , after which the line is connected to a resistor G ¹ , from which the earth line branches off on this side, on the other side a connection to the relevant terminal / the other roller part R, as well as another connection leads to the adjacent resistors G ² . This resistor G ² is in turn connected to terminal 2 of part R with button M ² and terminal 2 of part R ¹ , as well as to resistor G ³ , and so on. Resistor G ¹⁰ is ultimately connected to battery P of line χ and thereby with the receiver sets N which are switched on in the same and which individually correspond to the rings r ^1.

As soon as the button Ai ^{1 is} depressed, the current from the battery P passes the resistors G, provided that the brush r rests on an insulating piece r ^1; on the other hand, there is an electrical circuit on the conduction path at the commutator roller RR ¹ , which offers less resistance, when the brush r is on the copper surface of the ring r ¹ . By virtue of this device, current oscillations are communicated to the line, the frequency of which corresponds to ^{the current loop number on the rings r 1 interacting with the brush r.} A single source of electricity P is sufficient for operation.

The optical receiver, represented by Figures 3, 4, 4a and 4b, consists of a prismatic box N which forms a kind of dark room. Light - of a natural or artificial light source - may in this case N through a hole% penetrate, in which within a plate w ^L is arranged and can be adjusted by means of a carriage "', to which it is attached, forwards or backwards, by the knurled screw nut w ^{2 is turned} on a micrometer threaded pin. A grating diaphragm n ¹ , as can be seen in FIG. 4 b, is inserted on the plate w ^l and in a straight line opposite the light incidence opening \. The actual electrical receiver or vibrator is arranged on this side of the slide w , consisting of a magnet J, to whose poles the coils i of an electromagnet are attached. The vibrating plate η is attached to one of the poles of the electromagnet i and can vibrate against the other pole. At this free end a lens v ^{1 is} provided, which can thus suffer a displacement in exact opposition to the grating diaphragm n ¹ on the plate w ^1. The lens v ¹ throws the light, insofar as it penetrates from ^ through the slits or transparent parts of the grating diaphragm η , on the way through a tube ζ ^{2 fixed to a diaphragm plate ^ 3} (at ^ ¹ ), against the grating diaphragm u (Fig 3, 4 and 4 b). This lattice screen u can be moved with a partition w ⁴ which divides the darkroom into two compartments N and JV ¹ and shows parallel perforations arranged at the same distance in such a position that the opaque parts of the lattice screen n ^{1 project} exactly onto this gap can, provided that the light rays pass through the non-moving lens v ^l .

So that a proper adjustment can be made, the grille u can be moved in the transverse direction on the partition w ⁴ . Springs attached at ti ¹ cooperate with an adjusting screw M ^{2 in} such a way that the rotation of the knob w ^{3 of} the latter is sufficient to transfer a displacement movement to the diaphragm until the gaps and covering strips of the grille diaphragms are in the same position.

A biconvex lens ν is fixed behind the partition w ⁴ and in opposition to the grating diaphragm u; the same serves to throw the light rays on a cylindrical lens t which is set up close in front of it and which is enclosed in a perpendicular rectangular frame.

In order to allow the temporary lighting effect to close a circuit, a radioscope k is attached behind the lens t ¹ within the room N ¹ , consisting of the glass bulb k, within which a leaf or the lamella / free is rotatable about a spindle k ^l , ie can oscillate substantially without friction. The radioscope glass bulb k can be rotated about pegs lying in the longitudinal axis, and is set by means of the knurled button Z ^{1 in} such a way that the lamella / is perpendicular to the light rays emerging from the grille u. Behind the plate Z and against whose lower part is a metallic surface gröfsere k ^'2 and arranged made of a relay to a current-conducting connection with the Stromschlufswiderlager by a clamp against which the decaying anzustofsen lamella can, wherein the relay circuit

is closed, provided that the lamellar spindle k ^{l is to be} connected to the other relay terminal.

When the vibrating plate η is stationary, the light which enters into the darkroom N through the hole \ and passing further through the gaps or transparent parts of the grating aperture N ¹ is at the lens v ¹ such refracted at the grating aperture transferred u, that it is intercepted by the covering, opaque parts of this diaphragm u and cannot pass into the darkroom N ¹ , where accordingly the lamella / of the radioscope remains immobile.

As soon as a current excites the electromagnet i and causes the plate η to vibrate, the lens v ¹ shifts, and the light rays beyond the grating diaphragm n ^l are deflected laterally at the lens v ^{1 in} order to pass through the gaps or transparent provided in the grating diaphragm u Passing through parts, after which the light is refracted by the lens ν and the cylindrical lens t and thrown onto the lamella / radioscope k , so that the relay is put into operation by an electric circuit between k ¹ kr .

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4 a, it is assumed that the lens v ^{1 is arranged} on the adjustable slide w , while the grating diaphragm n ¹ forms a component of the oscillating plate η that oscillates with it. As long as the latter does not vibrate, the transparent parts of the grating diaphragm n ^{1 are} projected onto the opaque one of the grating diaphragm u. But when the plate with the grating diaphragm ti ¹ vibrates, the latter lets the light fall through the openings of the grating diaphragm u , so that the light rays the Hit the lamella / of the radioscope and. put the relay into action.

The optical receiver of modified construction, which Fig. 5 illustrates, is characterized in that the light rays falling on the mirror D are deflected between the compartment gaps or channels which are created on a bundle of parallel spaced-apart plates. Of this prismatic sheet bundle s receiving box frame can in the sense of rotation by a g engaging in a screw Schneckenradzahnkranz g ¹ to be adjusted, while the raising and lowering of the support carriage is provided for by rotation of the screw. Accordingly, the bundle of plates can be positioned in such a way that the individual plates are in the position of correspondence with the translucent gaps of the grating diaphragm n ¹ , which is attached to the oscillating plate η . The core of the coil i can be adjusted higher or lower by means of the screw z ² , whereby its effect on the oscillating plate η is regulated accordingly.

When the plate η oscillates, the grating diaphragm n ¹ allows the light emerging in layers from the plate bundle s to pass into the darkroom N; a relay which is connected to terminals 20 and 30 is then activated by acting on the lamella / radioscope k.

The bundle s formed from plates stacked one on top of the other can also be replaced by a bundle of tubes arranged in parallel rows with the same spacing. In this case, the light passage openings of the diaphragm n ¹ could be formed by holes arranged in rows.

In the overview representation of Fig. 6, which illustrates the new system of 'multiple telegraphy for the operation of six substations B ⁰ B ¹ B' ² B ³ J3 * B ⁵ from a main office A , JR denotes the commutator roller of main office A, which is occupied with ten rings r ¹ , ie with as many rings as there are in total at the substations B ⁰ B ¹ ... B ^h. The rings are interspersed in various divisions by the insulating bars r ² , and the division of a ring of the main office corresponds to that of a ring of the substations. All commutator rollers R of stations AB ⁰ B ¹ ... B ^h should now rotate at the same speed; the result thereof is, that the undulating current, its transfer to the line by the rotation of each ring r ¹ of the office A or the substations B ⁰ .... B is added ⁵ to the division matching rings in exactly the same Zeitmafs occurs with respect to , and that dispatches to station A resp. B ⁰ .... B ⁵ can exchange both sending and receiving. Each ring r ¹ corresponds to a button M, a battery P and an optical receiver JV, which is to be equipped with an oscillating plate η , the second frequency of which corresponds exactly to the number of power interruptions as it is caused by the rotation of the ring r ¹ assigned to it at a certain speed of rotation the rollers R come about.

The various current dissipation brushes r of a commutator roller R can be connected to a common battery; in this case, however, a resistor is inserted between each brush r and the battery P.

The battery or batteries P transmit the current to the line line indirectly through an induction coil L (a current transformer), to whose main winding they are connected. The main winding is also connected to the commutator roller R through the terminal y . The secondary winding of the induction coil L is on the one hand with the line line x, on the other hand with

connected several optical receivers according to the number of rings r ^{x of} the relevant station. The wire of the line line χ forms a current path to the coils ii ^{1 of} the receiver electromagnet, from where a discharge to earth is created. The resistance of each station B ⁰ B ¹ . . . B ⁵ is to be chosen higher than that of the line χ between the main station A and the outermost station B ⁵ . On the other hand, all the individual stations B ⁰ ... are given. B ^'a have the same resistance as it presents itself on the path from the master station A to the ground.

If it is assumed that all commutator rollers R of the stations are driven at the same speed of rotation, the following mode of operation results in the transmission of telegraphic dispatches.

Each telegraph officer presses the button M for a shorter or longer time, depending on the character string of dots or. Dashes that are to be reproduced as dispatches; As a result, it sends a current with undulations into the line line χ , the number of oscillations of which depends on the number of interrupter ^{bars 2} , which are embedded in the rings r ¹ connected to the relevant button M. This undulatory current of longer or shorter duration is effective at that receiver of a station which contains an oscillating plate η , the frequency of which is equal to the number of interruptions caused by the designated ring r ^λ. Accordingly, the plate η starts to vibrate and allows the light to pass through the grating diaphragm connected to it, as a result of which the light rays act on the lamella of the radioscope k and the. Circuit of the relay between A: ¹ and k ^{2 can} close.

With the ten pushbuttons M , ten dispatches can be conveyed simultaneously and on the same wire χ , which by virtue of the different number of oscillations of the undulation currents are sent individually to theirs. Destinations are included and do not interfere with each other.

Claims (3)

Patent Claims: i. Device for multiple telegraphy by means of wave-shaped currents of different vibrations, which are sent by a uniformly driven commutator roller with metal webs or breaker rings when the assigned keys are pressed and the electromagnetic receiving devices are intended to be activated individually, characterized in that each electromagnet (i) of the latter on a plate (s) which is only responsive to a certain number of vibrations and which is attached to one pole, so that the same, provided that its number of vibrations coincides with a current wave caused by an associated ring (r ¹ ) of the transmitter, to the other pole back and forth oscillates here, whereby an optical receiver device with two grating diaphragms blocking or releasing a light path is brought into effect in order to be able to directly effect the closure of a local circuit. 2. In the case of the under i. The special arrangement of the commutator roller, which may be moved in synchronism by means of Hu gh es regulator, consists of two ebonite cylinders (RR ¹ J) sitting on the same shaft, one of which has metal rings (r ¹ ) with inserted interruption parts of an unequal number, the other contains the metal full rings (r +) that interact with the conductor brushes (r °) , which are connected in pairs to the former (at r ⁴ ) and with the same by means of their circuit brushes (r) shunts of low resistance for resistors (G) form in such a way that when one of the associated pushbuttons (M ¹ J is pressed, the resistance circuit in connection with the line line receives a wave-shaped current due to the alternating interruption and current circuit of the secondary current path, the frequency of which depends on the number of current circuit pieces that the brush ( r) on her rings (r ¹ ) ' produces upon rotation of the roller. 3. By blocking and uncovering a light beam path effective receiver device for the device according to claim i, characterized by two grating diaphragms (n ^l u) arranged in the light paths, one of which (n ¹ ) or a lens arranged between the diaphragms (v ¹ ) is arranged on the oscillating plate (s) of the receiver electromagnet (i) in a dark room, so that the light penetrating into one section of this chamber at a hole (\) only when the plate (s) oscillates through both grating diaphragms (n ¹ u) is able to fall through and into a rear compartment of the darkroom. where a radiometric lamella (I) allows a relay circuit to be closed when the light falls on it and shows the vibration of the plate (s) corresponding to the current waves in the electromagnet (i) with the same number of vibrations (Fig. 3, 4, 4 a and 4 b). Receiver device of the type characterized by claim 3, in which, instead of a grating screen, a bundle (s) of parallel, spaced-apart plates or tubes, the light is stratified or in interstices onto a grating screen (n ¹ J or screen with holes after it falls from a mirror (D) , so that the way of the light rays into a darkroom is blocked as long as the oscillating plate (s), which carries the grille diaphragm (n ¹ J, does not, according to the measure of its number of oscillations, occurring current waves ;; im Receiver electromagnet (i) is set in vibration, in which case the radiometric lamella (I) in the darkroom is affected and a relay circuit is closed to display or record this effect (Fig. 5). 1 sheet of drawings.