DE858017C - Fully automatic press for the production of molded objects from thermoplastic or thermosetting plastics, especially from ceramic synthetic resin mixtures for spark plug insulators - Google Patents

Description

Fully automatic press for the production of molded articles from thermoplastic or thermosetting plastics, in particular made from ceramic synthetic resin mixtures for spark plug insulators I) The invention relates to a press for molding of thermoplastic or thermosetting resinous materials such as of ceramic resin mixtures for spark plug insulators, with a turntable which the Forneu carries and is rotated step by step. so that the forms follow one another from a filling station via pressure and heat exerting stations to an ejection station The aim is to create a press that is almost fully automatic is working.

This is achieved by making the press a variety of sets of molded members which are hydraulically actuated under pneumatic control and in individual successive stages through the working cycle In the course of this, the molded links are rotated one after the other with the material loaded, then closed, compressed and opened, whereupon the molding is expelled.

According to the invention, the mold members are closed and opened by hydraulically operated pistons, with a pneumatic one acting on the pressure fluid Pressure is applied under the control of a main control valve connected to the Participation in rotation of the table. Here, one pressure is applied to the liquid one of the pistons exerted by compressed air while another higher Pressure after completion of the liquid present in your cylinder by compressed air is exerted on this piston and at the same time also on the other piston, wol> ei the molded elements move under the higher pressure against the action of springs.

Which caused by the hydraulic pressure under the compressed air control Mutual movements of the molded elements are hereby caused by the rotation of these Form links mastered.

Here, the heated moldings are pressed together with subjected to various pressures before and during the heat treatment of the material. These mutual movements are controlled by a valve that comes with the mold sets is gradually moved.

According to the invention, a is on both form elements of each sentence hydraulic pressure exerted under common compressed air control.

The closing and initial compression of the mold members takes place here by a pneumatic pressure on the hydraulic pressure medium, while the further compression of the mold members by a pneumatically operated Piston is caused, which acts on the enclosed hydraulic pressure medium.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, prior to opening of the molds, a liquid pressure is exerted on the molding to make it detach from it ensure one of the forms.

In the drawings, one embodiment of the invention is for example shown, namely Fig. 1 shows a view of the press, partially in section. namely only two of the piston and cylinder assemblies, Fig. 2 an enlarged Section drawn to scale through the upper cylinder of a unit, FIG. 3 on an enlarged scale a section through the lower mold and the cylinder, Fig. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 on the same scale Section through the ejection cylinder, Fig. 6 is an elevation of the upper part of the press, partially in section, FIG. 7 is a plan view of part of the machine head.

Fig. 8 and g plan views of the fixed and rotatable parts of the main control valve, Fig. 10 on an enlarged scale a section along the line X-N of Fig. I and a control valve for manual operation.

Fig. 11 is a view of the drive device, partially in section, FIG. 12 shows a plan view of the output device, partially in section, FIG. 13 a section along the line SIII-NII1 of FIG. I2, FIGS. 14 and 15 each a section by the ejector control valve along the line SIV-NIV of FIG. 15 and after Line XV-XV of FIGS. 12, 16 and I7 sections through the control valve for the Gripper device along the line SVII-XVII in FIGS. 12, 15 and 19 in a front elevation in section uiid a plan view of the gripper device, FIG. 20 a section after the line XX-XX of Fig. IS, Fig. 21 l) is 26 schematic sections of a piston-cylinder unit and the successive positions of the forms and various parts in the course a working cycle, Fig. 27 a schematic 1) representation of the entire press, but only a piston-cylinder unit, FIG. 25 a circuit diagram, of the electrical Part of the press and Fig. 29 shows a schedule showing a full cycle which is controlled by the drive device which is the main control valve and other valves operated.

I) he press shown in the drawings has a fixed press Basic plate 10 (Fig. I) with an upright standing firmly attached to it Center column II, to which a central shaft 12 is connected, which consists of two parts connected by a clamp 19, which become a later explained Purpose can be rotated. On column II and shaft 2 is a Housing attached. which is rotatable as a whole and from a relationship with one Gear rim 14 provided and set up for a drive drum 13 and from Spoke rings 15, 16, 17, I8, which through cylindrical. provided with openings Intermediate cylinder 2I, 22, 23 in a vertical Al) are held from each other, and consists of a cover plate 24. These parts are divided by twelve on the circumference un spaced tie rods 25 held together and supported by bearing sleeves 26, 27, 25, 29 centered in the corresponding rings 15, 16, 17 and 18. while their weight is supported by a thrust bearing 31 mounted inside the riiiges 18.

The bearings are all lubricated via a branched pressure oil line 30.

Äfit these rings are in the circumferential direction and at a distance from each other twenty-four piston and cylinder sets provided with the rings Drehl) ar siiid uucl of which, for the sake of clarity, only those suffering diametrically opposite are drawn in Fig. 1.

Each of these parts is composed as follows: Show the cover plate 24 and the next, underlying ring 18 is a cylinder 32 (Fig. 2) with a piston 33, whose piston rod 34 is threaded through a guide ring with a pierced through hole 35 passes and passes down through a sealing ring 36 which has a secondary line 37, which usually by a voii of a spring 39 upwards valve 38 pressed against its seat is completed. Inside the upper Cylinder 32 is slidably seated on the piston rod 34, for example made of wood existing float 41, which on the oil surface area of the im Cylinder of existing oil floats and home oil rise prevents oil splash get into the air ducts. The bore in the sealing ring 36 usually leaks the upper cylinder 32 with a lower cylinder 42 which extends between the Rings I7 and 18 is located and carried by these. In the cylinder 42 are a piston 43 uiid a piston rod 44 slidable, which aii its lower end carries the upper forming head and has an inner longitudinal bore 45 which defines the interior of the cylinder 42 with the forming head at the lower end of the piston rod 44 connects.

The forming head shown in Fig. 2 consists of the following three against each other sliding main parts: the lower end of the hollow piston rod 44 is the first Fastened rope, which consists of a hollleii sleeve 46, within which expand tem outer end a locking piece 47 held by an adjustable retaining ring 48b and is moved upward against a strong spring 49 by pressure. The locking piece 47 carries the upper molded member 51 and together with it forms two parts the mutually displaceable parts of the forming head. The third part consists of a piston 52 slidable in the upper inner end of sleeve 46 and one Rod 53 with a hollow pin 54 attached to it, in which a holller, on its lower egg inside the shaped member 51 open pin 55 fits, which is open at its upper end within the sleeve 46. Hell cone 54 and the pin 55 are thus opposite the fastener cord 47 within the molded member 51 and are relative to this by means of a through the bore 45 of Piston rod 44 through behind the piston 52 guided downward fluid pressure emotional. During this movement, the pin 55 strikes the upper end of the molding. The opposite upward movement is caused by springs 56, which with their upper end on the Äluffe 46 and with its lower end on one on the piston 52 angled) and slidable transverse rod 57 is fastened in slots 58 of sleeve 46. l) ie Umgekellrte relative movement of the locking piece 47 with respect to the pin 54 is caused by a return spring 49.

At the upper end of the forming head there is one with a retaining leaf spring 61 on the intermediate cylinder 22 cooperating outstanding annular disk 60, so that the unit during a part of the operation in which the fluid pressures not xvirkell, is held in the upper position. One that is coaxial with the machine and control keys extending over the required angle kaiin instead the springs 6I are used.

One of the spoke ring 16 becomes equiaxed on each of the cylinders 32 and 42 arranged lower mold means (Fig. 3) carried, which consists of one of a Ileizspirale 63 surrounding molded member 62 reads, in which a on his lower end m4t threaded dome 64 is slidably attached. That thorn 64 is attached to an ejector rod 65 which, along its axis, has a continuous, has at its upper end lateral channels 67 having bore 66 so that compressed air pressed in from the channels 67 against the walls of the lower end Form member 6) 2 emerges when the ejector rod is in the raised position is located.

A sleeve 68 is attached to the rod 65, usually on the top of one in the balance cylinder 7I against a strong spring 72 upwards displaceable piston 70 rests. This upward movement is caused by fluid pressure causes which is passed through the opening 73 under the piston 70 while the downward movement caused by the spring 72 when the pressure is released by a at the upper end of the piston attached stop 74 is limited to the upper End of the cylinder 7I comes into contact. At the bottom of the cylinder 7I is a counter spring 75 attached, on which a disk 76 attached to the ejector rod 65 lies, when the push rod 65 is moved upward.

On the heating coil 63 is a thermostat, which consists of a hollow, closed metal tube 77 (Fig. 4), which at one end of one attached to part of the grounded main assembly by means of screws 79 Block 78 made of copper or similar metal is supported, while its other end free-standing and at a certain temperature is able to use an adjustable isolated terminal 81 contact to l) ildell those in a circuit controlling the heating current lies. When the heating coil 63 reaches the set temperature, it expands the pipe 77 of the thermostat closes here via the terminal 81 the circuit and interrupts the electricity.

In the base plate of the cultivator is at the same radial distance from the middle column like the piston and cylinder described by ellen an ejector cylinder 82 arranged, which is shown on the left in Fig. I and in Fig. 5 and with which, if the cutting machine is switched on during operation, each of the Cylinder sets come in a coaxial position. in the left part of Fig. I are the different Parts shown in the ejection station.

Inside the cylinder 82 is a piston 83 with a hollow rod 84, the upper end of which is used in order to be pushed onto the hollow ejector rod 65 to push open each cylinder set and move them upwards. The piston 83 also carries a lower tube 85 which is freely movable in a feed air cylinder 86 is so that this through a pipe 87 supplied compressed air from the cylinder the tube 85 and rod 84 and on through the ejector rod 65 the branched channels 67 located within the lower mold member 62 flow can.

I) the piston 83 is together with the hollow rod 84 and the tube 85 movable by hydraulic pressure, upwards through the hydraulic Pressure in the lower tube 88 and down through the pneumatic pressure from the upper Pipe 89. The control is carried out by valves described in more detail below. For the upward movement is pressurized oil through pipe 88 from a storage container 91 (Fig. I) supplied to which compressed air is fed through a pipe 92. For the downward movement is supplied with compressed air through the upper tube 89, see above that the piston 83 pushes the oil back into the storage container.

The pistons in the upper cylinders 32 and 42 are mixed by means of pneumatic-hydraulic pressure operated. The top cylinder is usually up filled with oil to the level indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2 by the float 41, which also the bore in the sealing ring 36 and the cup-shaped head of the lower piston 43 fills, which, as shown in Fig. 2, at a certain distance from the wall of the cylinder 42 is, at the upper end of a tube also filled with oil 93 is connected, which at its lower end with the compensating cylinder 71 (Fig. 3) is connected.

A compressed air line 94 is located above the uppermost piston 33 and below the piston, just above the peak of Schwinmer 41, a second compressed air line 95 opens into the wall of the cylinder 32. A third Compressed air line 96 opens below the bottom dead center of the piston 43 in the Wall of the lower cylinder 42. Each of the compressed air lines 94, 95 and 96 for each the twenty-four pistons and cylinders are controlled in by a main valve connected in the correct order to an air compression or air extraction device, and the main valve itself is controlled by the rotation of the entire unit.

I) The main valve is on the rotatable head plate 24 (Fig. I and 6) attached by which. as shown in Fig. 6, each of the compressed air lines passed through and then fixed to a distributor plate which can be rotated together with the plate 24 97 (Fig. G) is connected. There is one for each set of three compressed air lines on the plate 24 an interrupter valve, which consists of a rod gX with one each separate part 99 for each line (Figs. 6 and 7). In Figs the valve is shown in the open connection position, but by radial displacement rod 98 closes the valve. In this way the connection can too can be put out of operation for each individual piston-cylinder set as required. the Distribution plate 97 has twenty-four groups of six holes, each group into a set of pistons and cylinders arranged along the twenty-four radii heard (Fig. 9). From Fig. 6 it can be seen that of the two outermost holes of each group of holes, the outer hole 100 is connected to the line 94 and the inner Hole 101 is open to the outside air.

From the middle pair of holes is the outer hole I02 with the line 95 in communication and the inner hole 103 is open to the outside air. From the inside In pair, the outer hole 104 is connected to the conduit 96, and the inner hole 105 is open to the outside air.

A slide plate is located on the top of the distributor plate 97 106 (Fig. 6 and 8) close, the rotation of which by a in the fixed central axis 12 attached cross bar 107 is prevented from getting between rows of on the pusher plate arranged pin 108 engages. The distributor plate 97 and the slide plate 106 are formed by a cover 110 and with the unit itself Enclosed rotating box, in the through a hole located in the axis I2 111 compressed air is passed through from a line 112. The plate 106 has on its circumference channels or grooves for the supply of compressed air to the to Pairs of hole groups connected lines 94, 95, 96 or to the outlet of the air from these lines (Fig. 6).

For the outer pairs of holes 100 and IOI there is an arc over a circle extending from 2750 and communicating only with the outer set of holes 100 standing pressure channel 113 is provided.

This channel is pressurized from the valve body through openings 114 fed through the slide plate, one of which is shown in FIG. 6 is. The air outlet channel 115 for the outer pair of holes extends approximately over an arc of 600 and is geiiü, "end wide, around the holes 100 and 101 of the outer set to be connected together, so that for the line 94 the pressure equalization to -Nussellluft takes place through the hole 101 through.

There is a short pressure channel I23 for the inner pairs of holes 104, 105 provided together with the channel 117, of which the former extends over an arc of a circle of about 30 ° and the latter extends over a very small cell Krcisliogeii. These channels are ticked out of the valve body through corresponding holes IIS and 119 I) forwarded. There are two air outlet ducts for the same pairs of holes, from which the channel 121 extends over an arc of about 2700 and the other Channel 122 extends over an arc of up to about 300. In Fig. 6 on the left it can be seen in which way the channel I2I the holes 102 and IO3 with one another connects.

A short pressure channel 123 is provided for the inner pairs of holes 104, 105 with an opening 124 and one extending over an arc of approximately 300 ° Air outlet duct 125 available. In Fig. 6 the inner pair of holes IO4, I05 (right) perfectly closed, as is the case when these holes are between the Pressure channel I23 and the air outlet channel I25 are located.

So if, as a result of the switching of the whole unit, the radial Rows of holes 100 to 105 in the distributor plate 97 one after the other under the different If pressure and air outlet ducts arrive, those which actuate the molds will be Piston and cylinder units according to a pre- certain Execute work cycle movements or stand still.

The setting between the slide plate 106 and the distributor plate 97 takes place after releasing the clamp 19, which the two parts of the central axis 12 connects together, whereupon the upper part is rotated in relation to the lower part, so that the transverse rod attached between the rows of pins 108 of the slide plate 106 107 the slide plate 106 rotates relative to the distributor plate 97.

In addition to the possibility of leaks or one Damage to the die or a similar malfunction, any piston and to put the cylinder unit out of operation by means of the shut-off valve 98 a device is provided to manually control each unit instead of using the to control the main valve described. This is achieved by for each Unit a special compressed air line set branched off directly from the valve body is provided in place of the lines 94, 95, 96. One through the lid of the valve body 110 (Fig. 1) through the main supply pipe 80 is with the prevailing in this Compressed air is connected and goes down to one arranged on the spoke ring I7 annular head piece 90. A number of tubes 109 are connected to this head piece. there is a pipe for each piston and cylinder unit and leads to a new valve block attached to the associated unit on ring I7 120. The valve block has three separate, manually rotatable valves 130, 140, 160 (Fig. 10), by means of which the three to the main lines 94, 95.

96 connected lines 94A, 95A, 96A shown in FIG either with the common pressure line Iog or with its air outlet openings 1 39 can be associated. The upper valve 130 (Fig. 10) conducts the pressure from pipe log to pipe 94A; by turning this valve clockwise it interrupts the pressure line and connects line 94A to the upper air outlet opening 139.

I) the middle valve I40 closes its line 95A, through Clockwise rotation of line 95A with the center air outlet 139 in connection uiid establishes the connection by turning in the opposite sense between line 95A and pressure line 109. The lower valve 160 60 v connects its line 96A to the lower air outlet opening I39 and provides by 1) turning counterclockwise the connection between the pressure line 109 and tube 96A. The effect of these various circuits of the lines 94A, 95A, 96A and thus the corresponding lines 94, 95, 96 on entry of pressure and air outlet is explained in more detail below.

During normal operation, the entire unit is switched on using the on the Drum I3 arranged ring gear 14 by a shown in FIGS. 11 to I3. Drive device rotated intermittently.

An electric motor 126 drives a horizontal one via a belt drive 127 Shaft I28, which carries a worm 129, which in a worm gear 131 on a upright shaft I32 engages.

There is a second worm at the polished end of the shaft I32 133, which engages in a worm gear 134 on a horizontal shaft 135, which at its end adjacent to the machine is the first wheel 136 of a Geneva gear carries whose drive pin I37 into the second, slotted wheel 138 of the transmission engages. This second wheel I38 sits on a shaft 141, which is a in the ring gear 14 engaging bevel gear I42 carries. If the motor I26 the Device drives, the Geneva wheel 130 performs a uniform rotary motion off, and its drive pin I37 engages alternately in the slots of the wheel I38 and turns it every time by 90 °. So the whole unit becomes exactly one that Distance of the piston and cylinder units corresponding angle switched further, namely in a predetermined, by the engine speed, the translation of the Gear transmission and the time interval determined by the Geneva transmission. In the The press described here lasts 2 seconds and the subsequent one Stand still for 6 seconds, so that for each of the twenty-four mold sets the total time from the beginning to the end of a complete work cycle I92 Seconds.

At the end of each work cycle, the molding has to be ejected and removed from its retaining mandrel, and these operations take place during the last rest and are controlled by a valve device operated by the in Figs. 11 to I3 shown main drive is operated. This control takes place by means of two sets of four control disks each on the shaft I35 (Fig. 11 and 12). The four control discs 143, 144, 145 and 146 control the compressed air for the Ejection device, which, as already explained, by direct means of compressed air generated oil pressure from the collecting container 91 is actuated. Each control disk has a driven part, e.g. B. a role that is under spring action Lift valve actuated, the head of which is indicated in dash-dotted lines in FIG and is also shown schematically in FIG. The control disk 146 has a role 147, which actuates a pressure inlet valve I50 by means of a plunger I48, which is usually is held on its seat (Fig. 11), but in Fig. 14 in the raised position is shown in which it is the compressed air from line 151 into line I52 can enter, which to the upper part of the discharge container 91 (Fig. I and 27) leading line 92 and to the line leading to the bottom of the compressed air cylinder 86 Line 87 is connected. When the control disc 146 lifts the valve I50, so compressed air is supplied to the collecting container 91 and the oil contained therein in the ejection cylinder 82 (Fig. 5) driven under the piston 83 so that the ejection bumper 65 is raised. At the same time, compressed air is used to blow out the lower mold through the tube 85 into the bore of the piston rod 84 and the bore of the Rod 65 driven upwards once the upper end of rod 84 and the lower End of the rod 65 have come into contact (Fig. 3).

With the pressure inlet valve I50 is a channel I53 under Spring pressure standing outlet valve 154 connected, which is also usually is held on its seat (Fig. 14) and by the roller 155 and the Plunger I56 actuating control disk I44 is opened. When the valve I54 is raised the valve I50 closes at the same time, the air is discharged from channel I53 via line I52 and thus via lines 92 and 87 through opening I57.

The other control disks I43, I45 operate by means of their rollers I58, I59 (Figs. 11, 12 and I5) a similar pair of valves 179 and I49, of which the outlet valve I49 shown in Fig. 15 through the control disk 145 and the Plunger 161 is actuated. When this valve from its position shown in FIG is moved upward, it opens for air to exit through port I62 the line 89 leading to the upper part of the ejection cylinder 82 (FIGS. 5 and 27).

This is done at the same time that the valve is opened the oil into the lower part of the ejection cylinder 82 by means of the control disk I46 to be led. While the outlet valve 149 is closed in that shown in FIG Position is located by means of the valve actuated by the control disk I43 I79 compressed air is fed to line 89 and the upper part of ejector cylinder 82, thereby lowering the pusher.

It is thus through two pairs of reciprocating valves of the Ejector piston lifted in relation to the timing of the entire press circuit and lowered, whereby to raise the ejector the pressure valve I50 and the discharge valve I49 open and to lower the ejector the pressure valve 179 and the outlet valve 154 can be opened.

Coaxial with the ejection control disks 143 to 146 on the shaft 135 (Fig. 11 and 12) four more control discs 163, 164, 165, 166 are provided, to which the roles I67, I68, I69, I70 (Fig. I6 and I7) belong, the similar one below Actuate spring-loaded valves, two of which are shown in FIGS. 11 and I7 in detail are shown.

A pressure inlet valve I7I is by means of the plunger 172 through the control disk I66 and the roller I70 are pressed and, in the open state, connects the the compressed air line I73 TO the line 174 leading to the gripper slide cylinder here. liin similar valve I79 (Fig. 11) is controlled by the control key> e 163 and the roller 167 is opened and lets compressed air into the line 175 leading to the gripper a. The valve I79 actuated by the control disk 163 is an outlet valve I76 (Fig. I7) assigned by the control disk I65 and the role I69 and the plunger I77 is actuated and in the open position the line I75 to the air outlet opens through channel I78.

A similar one operated by the cam disk I64 and roller 168 Exit valve 209 (Fig. 27) is the pressure valve 171 for the discharge of the air assigned from line I74. So each of the lines 174 and 175 has its own Pressure inlet valve I99 or 171 and each its own outlet valve 176 or 209, which are actuated alternately in relation to the time of the switching device. The compressed air from lines 174 and 175 is used to operate the gripper carriage and the gripper when the compact is ejected from the mold.

The gripper and unscrewing device is located at the station the one between the one where the forms opened and the one where the forms filled be, lies. This device is shown in FIGS. 18-20 in relation to its position In relation to the forms shown in Fig. 18, the upper form in the raised position is shown.

The device is mounted on a base plate 180, which is through a cage 182 held ball bearings I8I carries on which a slide I83 is displaceable and by means of a piston I84 in a cylinder IS5 which is moved together forms a whole with the base plate 180 and with the line 175 described communicates. I) he slide 183 is in one direction, to the left in Fig. 18. by compressed air in cylinder 185, and in the opposite direction moved by springs 186 attached at one end to the base plate and at the other End attached to bearing arms 187 at the front of the carriage. Through the Solid lines show the carriage in its front position, with pressure prevails in cylinder 1 and springs 186 are fully expanded.

On the carriage 183 are two upright journals 188 around a bearing pin Bearing blocks 190 mounted pivotably on which two arms 189 are pivotably attached are the gripper head at their front ends and a counterweight at their rear ends 191 wear, which is a little lighter than the gripper head, so that this usually occupies its lowest position. the counterweight can be adjusted by means of a screw 192 which are attached to a strut 193 for receiving an electric motor is. I) he Greiferkol) f has a bearing block 195 in which on ball bearings 196 a sleeve 197 is rotatably arranged which encloses a conical cup part 198, its diverted lower part is provided with openings 200 distributed all around and is surrounded by a bag 20I made of rubber or similar material.

An annular channel 202 iii of the sleeve 197, through an upright pipe 203 communicates with an annular channel 204 at the upper end of the sleeve, umgil) t the bag 201 next to the openings 200. The annular channel 204 is with a similar, concentric channel 205 in the surrounding connected to the camp, which compressed air, which is controlled by means of the control slide 163 on the shaft I35 vit (l, can be supplied from the pipe 175. Under the action of this compressed air the bag 201 becomes through the openings 200 distributed all around the cup IgS pushed through and grasped the one shown in Fig. IS in dashed lines ejected compact 206.

At the bottom of the rotatable. apertured cup 198 there is a ring gear 207, which is in a gear 208 at the lower end of a shaft 210 engages, which is rotatable in ball bearings 211 of the bearing bracket 195 and of which Electric motor 194 is all-driven by means of a flexible shaft 2I2. When the electric motor the cup and sleeve in rotation by shaft 212 and gearbox 208, 207 offset and the gripper grabs the pressed part, this is seliienl with a thread provided retaining mandrel unscrewed. The vertical component of the unscrewed The reaction force exerted on the compact is sufficient to remove the excess weight of the gripper head to overcome the counterweight 191, so that the gripper to ollen moves while the compact is before the carriage is withdrawn and before the pusher lowers.

I) he whole slide can up to the dash-dotted line in Fig. 18 Lines indicated position are withdrawn so that the compact 206 in a Chute (not shown) may fall if the pressurized air is released from line 174 will. The gripper head assembly with the counterweight is also in the opposite direction Clockwise around the bearing pin 188 (Fig. 19), pivotable against a spring 214, on the one hand on one of the bearing holes 190 and on the other hand on the slide 183 The gripper head assembly is usually attached to an adjustable one. Stop 215 holds. This movement against the spring prevents damage of the unit in the event that it is in the circuit of the molding unit iii the forward position.

The lower shaped member 62 (Fig. 3) is, as already explained, by means of a heating coil 63 heated, the flow of which is regulated by a thermostat 77.

The 1 leizstrotnkreis is shown schematically in FIG. 28. the Voltage of the main line is provided by a transformer 220, which by means of two Lines 221, 222 is connected to the machine, lowered. The one Line, 22I, is connected to a tab 223 (Fig. 6) which is secured with a conductive, On the center shaft 12 attached ring 224 consists of one piece. Two diametrically arranged pairs of brushes 225 are in contact with this ring and are pressed against these parts by springs 226, which are in bearing blocks 227 of the upright Line rods 228 are mounted, which aii by nuts 229 firmly and conductively the top plate 24 are attached.

In this way, the whole of the press forms that of the power source returning neutral.

I) The power line 222 is similar to a tab 231 connected, with a second, through an insulating ring 233 from the meanwhile insulated conductive ring 232 is made in one piece and with two diametrically arranged Brush pairs 234 has contact, which by springs 235 111 the bearing blocks 236 of the conductive rods 237 are pressed against the ring. These bars 237 are all one attached to the top plate 24 by means of an isolation ring 239 (FIG. G) Connected current plate 238, with each of the heating coils by one Wire 241 is connected, three of which are shown passing through the top plate 24 (Fig. 7).

Each wire 241 is connected to one on the upper spoke ring 18 (Fig. 1) above Relay switch attached to its associated heating coil and shape. Each switch has an induction coil 243 (Fig. 28) and one usually closed Mercury contact 244 with a shunt resistor 245 connected in parallel one end to the wire 241 and the other end through the wire 246 is connected to the heating coil 63. With the heating coil is an indicator light 247 connected in parallel, one side of which together with a terminal of the heating wire is grounded through the press (Fig. 28). The induction coil 243 is over the wire 248 connected in series with the thermostat contacts 6I, 77 (Fig. 4), so that if the heating coil 63 reaches a set temperature, the free end of the thermostat tube 77 comes into contact with the adjustable pin 81 and the circuit of the induction coil 243 closes. This opens the mercury contact 244 and causes it to fail the short circuit across the resistor 245, through which now a reduced current to the Heating coil 63 flows, which is indicated by indicator lamp 247. When the temperature drops below the required value, the circuit of the induction coil 243 interrupted at the pin 8I; the induction coil 243 is de-energized, and the resistance 245 is short-circuited via contact 244, so that the full amperage is used Heating coil 63 flows.

Connected to power line 222 is a wire 251 of the relay turn 252 has, connected in series with a switch 253, which is located near the lowest spoke ring 15 (Fig. I) and arranged so that it is closed by a pin 254 can be located in one of the openings 255 tier in the spoke ring Series of openings is attached. There is one for each piston-cylinder unit Pin 254 present. The relay winding 252 controls a contact arm 256, the Circuit of a contact induction coil 257 controls a two-pole switch 258 to regulate the induction coil 259. The latter controls an air valve 261 in line 262 (Fig. 27) leading to line 151 for the ejector control valves and leads to line I73 for the gripper control valves. There is a spigot in one of the holes 255 of the lower row of holes in the spoke ring I5, so closes this pin 254 the switch 253, whereby the relay twist 252 is energized, which by contact with the arms 256 the circuit of the contact coil 257 closes. When the latter closes its switch 258, the induction coil becomes 259 energized, the valve 261 actuated and thus the compressed air supply line to the lines t5I and 173 interrupted. This creates the gripper device for those pistons and cylinder disabled for which the pin 254 is in the associated opening 255 was used.

Above the lower row of holes, partially shown in FIG Spoke ring 15 is a series of similar holes 262, in each of which a Pin 263 is used for each coll, en and cylinder unit. In the same Height with the upper row of holes is a second switch 264 (Fig. I), the with an automatic weighing machine 266 indicated schematically in FIG. 28 controlling main switch 265 (Fig. 28) is in a circuit. As a weighing machine Any common standard design can be used, which is powder-coated automatically Weighs the material and delivers the weighed quantities. This weighing machine forms not part of the invention.

The weighed amounts of material are passed through a funnel 267 (Fig. I) poured down its lower end just above the open upper end of the lower shape 62 ends. So if during the switching of the unit every pin 263 comes into contact with switch 264 and closes it, the weighing machine loads 266 the lower mold with the necessary amount of fuel. If any peg is missing, so there is no loading, and by moving a pin from the upper row of holes 262 in the lower row of holes 255 (FIG. I) is not only used for the gripper and ejector device is put out of action for this unit in question at the output station, but the mold for the next working cycle is also not filled. To the point in question Completely decommissioning the piston and cylinder unit becomes the associated task Interrupter valve 98 on top plate 24 (FIGS. 1 and 6) pulled radially outward and thereby the supply of compressed air from lines 9A, 95, 96 interrupted.

The circuits shown in Fig. 28 also complete the means of a Three-pole manual switch 268 controlled three-phase circuit for motor 194 of the Unscrewing device (Fig. I8), also by means of one of in a parallel Three-phase circuit, current limiting and block switch (not shown) dependent three-pole switch 269 regulated circuit for the main drive motor I26 (Figure 12).

The main supply of compressed air of, for example, 4.5 kg per square centimeter from line 271 (Fig. 27) first goes through an air cleaner 272 either known design through and from there to a line 262, which the Ejection and Absehraubevorrichtung feeds and in which by the induction coil operated interrupter valve 26I is arranged. The air supply then takes place ül> er a line 273 TO an air collection container 274 for the main line II2, in which an air lubricator 275 of any conventional type is incorporated is. Reducing valves V and a fanometer G are inserted in the individual pipelines.

The principle of operation of the working cycle is best shown in the schematic Representation of FIG. 27 can be seen. To get the press going, the (not shown) main switch closed, whereby the electrical circuits (Fig. 28) must be connected to the main line. The electricity goes through the transformer 220 from for example 415 volts down to 15 volts and flows with it this voltage through line 222, brush ring 232 and rails 237 through to the distributor ring 238 against the head plate 24 and from there via the thermostatic controlled circuit to each heating coil 63.

When the Nnzeioelampe 247 indicates that all heating coils are the have reached the correct temperature, the main switch 265 for the material filling device closed, so that the circuit for the closure of the contact switch 264 through the upper row of pins 263 of the lower spoke ring 15 is prepared. The control switch 268 of the motor 194 for the Absehraubevorrichtung is closed, but leaves the Also postpone closing until the first set of molds is almost complete has completed. The compressed air supply is turned on, and then the switch is turned on 269 of the main drive motor I2G is closed, so that the machine is set in motion will. As long as switch 269 remains closed, the main drive switches it entire unit by means of the Geneva gear (Fig. IIbisI3) during this time the control disk shaft I35 is held in a uniform I) clock movement and actuated in the following way the control valves: It sci assumed that when opening the Main drive switch 269 the next pin 263 (Fig. I) was about to be with the contact switch 264 for the automatic weighing device 266 to contact step. In this state, the six holes 100 to 105 of the distributor plate are 97 (Fig. G) is just about to move towards the main valve plate Io6 in Fig. 29 to assume the position shown, d. H. almost the position at the filling station 1, in from all pipes 94, 95, 96 through the corresponding channels II5, I22 and I25 the air is discharged. The distributor plate 97 is in this position the pistons and the molded members are in those shown in FIGS Positions. Pistons 33 and 43 are in their top and pistons 70 and 83 in their lower positions; the form links are open and the whole unit is in place just about to move into the filling position at station 4, in which the lower mold member 62 under the end of the hopper 267 (Fig. I) gelallgt.

When the main motor 126 starts the whole unit in motion and Once the switching movement to station A has been completed, the pin closes 263 the switch 264 for operating the automatic weighing device 266, which while the molds at station A are at a standstill, the lower mold member 62 passes through the hopper 267 is charged with a weighed amount of powdery material and fills it almost to the top. In this position the distributor plate 97 the individual holes 100 to 105 (Fig. 29 are still in the area of . \ outlet ducts 115, 122 and 125, so that the air from the lines 94, 95 and 96 exits. After the required rest period of, for example, 6 seconds has elapsed the drive continues to turn the press clockwise, whereby the middle pair of holes 102 and 103 (Fig. 9) leaves the area of the central outlet channel 122 (Fig. 29), so that line 95 is closed. By the following rotation of the aggregate to the next station B the hole 102 comes under the short pressure channel 117, so that Compressed air reaches the line 95. As a result, this compressed air comes under the Piston 33 and above the oil float 41 in the upper cylinder 32, drives the Oil and the piston 43 in the cylinder 42 down to the position shown in Fig. 22, whereby the forming head 46 is moved downward, so that upper mold member 51 in the lower mold 61 is pressed and caused some of the material to enter the converging Part of the upper molding rises.

While the molds are in this position under a preheating pressure, d. H. are under any pressure prior to the actual heat treatment, that will Unit switched from station B to station C, and soon after leaving the station B is due to the fact that the hole 102 leaves the area of the pressure channel 117, the compressed air supply to the line 95 cut off. Soon after, however, it takes place the air outlet from this line through the central duct 121 during the outermost hole 100, which since leaving the outlet channel 115 on station B was locked. zeroth the pressure channel 113 fed through the opening 114 got. This causes compressed air to enter the top conduit 94 and cylinder 32 above the piston 33, which passes through when compressed air is discharged at the same time the line 95 pushes the roller rod 34 down through it and thus the lower one Cylinder 42 closes at sealing ring 36. So the one on the face of the piston 33 total pressure acting on the smaller cross-sectional area of the piston rod 34 concentrated within the oil cylinder 42, and this increased pressure is on the top of the piston 43 and through line 93 to the bottom of the piston 70 in the compensating cylinder 7I, to which the initial pressure has already been transmitted, when the oil float 41 was depressed by the compressed air in the line 95. The oil pressure in the line 93, in the cylinder 71 and on the piston 70 causes that the latter, contrary to the lower 1;) ruckfeder 72 rises just at the time, to which the upper compression spring 49 in the mold head sleeve 46 as a result of the upward movement of the upper mold member 51 and the locking piece 47 opposite the rod 53 and the mold head sleeve 46 is relaxed, as shown in FIG. 23 and on the right in FIG is.

In this position, the full heat treatment pressure is applied to the between exerted the material located in the forms, and the forms remain during their Movement over about 240 ° from station C to reaching station 5 in this Position (Fig. 29). During this time the molds move from station to station forwarded, and with each forwarding a new format set runs through the Stations A, B and C, in which its filling, its compression or compression take place.

When switching from station S leaves the middle pair of holes 102, 103 in the distributor plate 97 the middle air outlet duct 121 and becomes locked on it, and before reaching station T the outer hole gets 102 of the middle pair among the middle ones fed through the feed opening 118 Pressure channel 116. During this time, the connection between the outer pressure channel 113 and the line 94 and thus maintained the same pressure in both during the air exits line 96 through inner channel 125.

At station T, the compressed air from line 95 is in the cylinder 32 guided under the piston 33. so that this from its position shown in FIG is raised to the position of FIG. 24, while oil through the valve 38 downwards flows so that the heat treatment pressure applied to the molds is reduced and is reduced to the preheat treatment pressure that goes from station B up to station C had been exercised. This reduction in pressure causes expansion the compression springs 49 and 72 and the return of the plug 47 and the piston 70 in the normal position. This post-heat treatment pressure is used by the station T maintained via station U until shortly before reaching station V, since immediately in front of this the inner pair of holes 104, 105 leaves the inner air outlet duct 125, so that line 96 is terminated. When station V is reached, the Opening 104 of the inner pair of holes among the inner ones fed by opening I24 Pressure channel 123, whereby compressed air is supplied to the line 96, namely to the at the same time as the outer, since leaving the outer pressure channel 113 closed pair of holes 100 and 101 comes under the outer outlet channel 115.

This causes the piston 43 to move upward with the forming head 46 causes and at the same time pressure through the bore 45 of the piston rod 44 therethrough exerted on the top of the small piston 52 in the forming head so that the rod 53 as well as the hollow pin 54 and the hollow mandrel 55 opposite to the forming head to the Pressure of the coil springs acting on the crossbar 57 56 (Fig. 25) are moved downwards. The relative movement between the upper mold member 51 and the slider on the pin 64 causes the hollow mandrel 55 during the upward movement the upper mold 51 ejected the compact therefrom downwards and prevented will stick to the upper mold and lifted out of the lower mold to become. The further acting on the underside of the piston 43 in the cylinder 42 Pressure moves the upper mold to its uppermost position shown in Figs. I and 26, in which they hzw by the spring 61. the control disk used in their place which comes with the ring 66 in engagement.

During the following movement from the station 1V to the station X air is further discharged from the outer pair of holes 100 and 101 through channel 115 through and out of the middle pair of holes 102, 103 through the channel 122 while the outer hole 104 of the inner pair through the inner pressure channel 123 therethrough is under pressure. The ejector and the gripper device work between these stations in the following way: Shortly after the start of the switching movement from station W to Station X actuates the control disk 163 on the control shaft 135 (Fig. 16 and 17) its valve 199 for the inlet of compressed air from the line r73 into the line 174 and further into the cylinder 185 behind the piston 184, so that the gripper carriage 183 is moved inwards towards the molded link and the gripper head r95 over the lower one Form member arrives (Fig. 18 and 26), the return spring i86 of the carriage during this compressed air supply is expanded. This will make the gripper sleeve I98 and the rubber bag 201 is brought into a position in which it is through the pusher can accommodate excavated compact.

This is done by the control disk 146 on the shaft 135 (Fig. 14 and 15), which the valve 150 for the inlet of compressed air from the pressure line 151 in line 152 opens. At the same time, the control disk 145 actuates the associated outlet valve 149 for the outlet of the compressed air from the at the head of the Ejector cylinder 82 above the piston 83 connected outlet line 89. The compressed air from the line 152 is through the line 92 in the upper part of the Oil collecting container 91 and also through line 87 into the lower cylinder 86 introduced. The oil pressure prevailing in the collecting container 91 is passed through the line 88 on the underside of the piston 83, which consequently goes up, compressed air exiting through line 89. From this cylinder 86 flows the compressed air through the tube 85, the piston 83 and through the longitudinal bore of the piston rod 84 through. When the upper end of the hollow coll> rod 84 with the rounded comes into contact with the lower end of the rod 65, the compressed air flows out of the cylinder 86 through tube 85 and rod 84 and through the bore of the rod 65 through to the top. With the continued movement of the ejector piston 83 the rod 65 and with it the central mandrel 64 holding the compact moves upwards, and upon entering the upper end of the rod into the enlarged part of the lower mold 62 the compressed air emerges from the longitudinal rod bore through the openings on the side 67 and cleans the lower mold of residues of the powdered material. The movement of the ejector is made while the molds are at the station X continued until the wedge 76 on the rod 65 compresses the spring 75 and comes into contact with the lower end of the balance cylinder 7I.

As soon as the molding is inside the gripper sleeve 198, compressed air is turned off by actuating the valve 171 by means of the control disk 166 the line 173 let into the line 175 connected to the gripper head I95, so that compressed air between the already rotating sleeve 197 and the Rubber bag 201 is guided. This compressed air partially presses the rubber bag through openings 200 therethrough. so that it grips the molding and rotates it with it the screw thread on the lower part of the Ätitteldorus 64 the upward movement the molding and the gripper head causes. After the molding has been lifted up is, the control disk 143 actuates its valve I79, which compressed air into the line 89 as well as in the upper part of the cylinder 82 for lowering the ejector, while at the same time the valve 154 actuated by the control disk 144, the line I52 opens through channel 157 to discharge the compressed air. The ejector is now lowered into the position shown in FIGS. 21 to 25, and as soon as they outside> the area of the gripper head. interrupts this by the control disk 163 actuated valve I99, the supply of compressed air from line 174 behind the gripper slide coll> en 184, while at the same time through the control disc 165 actuated valve I76 on line 174 to discharge the pressurized air through the duct I78 opens through so that the return springs 1S6 the carriage 183 of the gripper device Pull back into the position indicated by the dash-dotted lines in FIG. As soon as the gripper device is withdrawn, the control disk 166 the valve I7I closed and through the control valve 164 the outlet valve 209 open, so that the compressed air from line 175 is interrupted and the pressure is released in the gripper body, so that the rubber bag 201 releases the molding can, which now falls into a (not shown) discharge chute.

All ejection and unscrewing processes take place during the rest break on station X, d. 11. The time between the end of the switching movement from station W and the start of the next switching movement from the station.

At this point in time, the described working cycle again its course.

It may be necessary or desirable to save a set of molds individually To put operation. For this purpose, the shut-off valve 98 (Figs. 1 and 6) of the The relevant mold set is drawn radially outward, whereby the lines 94, 95 96 are closed between the main valve and the relevant cylinders, and at the same time the pin 263 belonging to the mold set, the iI1, becomes a Hole in the upper row of holes in the spoke ring 15, removed and inserted into the Inserted vertically underneath the hole of the row of holes 255 (Fig. 1). this has the consequence that when the empty opening 262 reaches the contact switch 264, this is not actuated and therefore the weighing and loading device dem the lower molding does not feed any material. The effect of the bottom in a hole The pin 254 located in the row of holes255 is to operate the switch 253, the induction of relay 252, contact winding 257 and induction coil 259 caused so that the latter by actuating the shut-off valve 26I the supply of compressed air from line 262 (Fig. 27) to the ejector and gripper device prevented.

From the above description of the order of the individual operations it can be seen that the pistons moving the molds are the same or different Working circuit under the control of the manually operated valves 130, I40 and I60 can go through, by means of which the lines 94A, 95A, 96A and thus the lines 94, 95, 96 in the desired order on 1) air inlet and 1 air outlet could be switched.

The design of the press described above is particularly suitable for Forms of spark plug insulators suitable; however, the press can also be used for molding similar and generally all types of workpieces made of plastic materials can be used regardless of whether it is a thermoplastic material or not. The machine can also be modified to a large extent.

For example, the number of mold sets can meet the given requirements be chosen accordingly. The switching and rest periods at the stations can changed according to the material and pressure used will. The shape and shape of the compression molds can be adapted to requirements the various valves for the control of the individual parts of the machine also for different modes of operation established and in terms of shape. (size and shape be modified.

The switches for controlling the electrical devices can Angled anywhere else on the cress. and it can also be a intermittently operated motor may be provided for the unscrewing device by a pin of the unit is influenced instead of the Äfotor in continuous operation to keep. A block switch can be provided by means of which the main drive motor cannot be started before switching on the pneumatic system, so that no further switching can take place if molded elements are not withdrawn. Other Safeguards can be provided to keep the moldings open Position to protect.

The gripper device can in a modified version with a small piston can be fitted, which follows the gripper head around its bearing pin can pivot up when the rubber bag grips the molding, the piston can be moved by compressed air supplied to its cylinder from the pipe which directs the compressed air into the gripper bag.

Claims (18)

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E: I. Fully automatic press for manufacturing of molded articles made of thermoplastic or thermosetting plastics, in particular made of ceramic synthetic resin mixtures for spark plug insulators, with a turntable, which carries the shapes and is rotated step by step so that the shapes one after the other from a filling station via pressure and heat exerting stations to the discharge station are performed, characterized in that the closing and opening of the molded members (46, 51, 62) is carried out by hydraulic pistons (43, 70) on whose pressure fluid a pneumatic pressure (94, 95, 33, etc.) under the control of a main control valve (24, 97, 106, etc.), which participates in the rotation of the table (16). 2. Press according to claim 1, wherein the pressures on the mold members are transmitted when they move through the individual stations, characterized in that the one pressure on the liquid over one of the pistons (43) is exerted by compressed air (95) and that the other, higher pressure after the liquid present in the cylinder (42) has been closed off by compressed air (94) is exerted on the same piston (43) and also on said piston (70), whereby the mold members move under the higher pressure against the action of springs (49, 72) move (Fig. 23). 3. Press according to claim I and 2, characterized in that the Rotation of the form sliders (46, 51, 62) by the hydraulic pressure under compressed air control caused mutual movements controls. 4. Press according to claim 1 to 3, characterized by a compression the heated moldings with different pressures v () r and during the NN "armies. 5. Press according to claim I and 3, characterized in that a Valve that is gradually moved with the mold sets, the mutual movements controls. 6. Press according to claim I to 5, characterized in that on both form members of each set provide hydraulic pressure under common compressed air control is exercised. 7. Press according to claim I to 6, characterized in that the Pneumatic closing and initial compression of the mold members Pressure on the hydraulic pressure medium takes place and that a pneumatically operated The piston causes further compression, acting on the enclosed hydraulic Pressure medium acts. 8. Press according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that before the opening of the molds (46, etc.), a liquid pressure on the molded article is exercised. 9. Press according to claim 8, characterized in that an auxiliary piston (52) is provided for the liquid pressure, which against the pressure of a Spring (56) in the opposite direction to the retraction movement of the forming head is operated. 10. Press according to one of claims I to 9, characterized in that that each of the different with the table (t6, 17, I8) rotatable shaped members (46, 51, 62) has a set of lines (94, 95, etc.) which is rotatable with the mold members and with a common distributor plate (97) next to a slide plate (96) in a valve body (IIO) is connected to which compressed air is supplied. 11. Press according to one of claims I to 10 with an ejector device, which takes effect when the molds are opened, characterized in that at Actuation of the ejector (83, 84) pressurized air into the mold cavity the mold member (62) is blown through. I2. Press according to Claim 10, characterized by a cylinder (86) to which the compressed air (87) is exposed and in which a hollow rod (84) is movably seated, the end of which is in contact with a part (65) of the ejector comes, so that compressed air from the cylinder (86) via channels (67) blows out the mold and. 13. Press according to one of claims I to 12 with a gripper device for gripping an ejected molding, characterized in that the gripper (197, I98) under pneumatic control (176, 199) one after the other via the open Mold members (62) is movable and has an inflatable bag (20I) that holds the molding detected by using l) return air. 14. Press according to claim 13, characterized in that the gripper (197, I98) is mounted on a slide (I83) which, in addition to its sliding movement a pivoting movement against the action of a spring (2I4) about an axis parallel to the axis of the table (I6) and in the same direction as the incoming form members executes. 15. Press according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the gripper (197, 198) can be rotated by means of toothed wheels (207, 208). 6. Press according to one of claims I3 to 15, characterized in that that the gripper device (197, I98 etc.) is under solenoid control (259), so that by switching off the compressed air supply line (262) the gripper device by means of on the table (t6) attached tenons (254) for selected shapes accordingly the rotation of the table (16) is rendered ineffective. 17. Press according to one of claims 1 to t6, wherein the raw material is fed into the open form in measured quantities, characterized in that that a switch (264), which by means of pins (263) attached to the turntable (I6) is actuated, the dispensing device (267) controls. 18. Press according to claims I6 and I7, in which the molds are heated, characterized in that common busbars (224, 232, etc.) via brushes (225, 334, etc.) that rotate with the table (16), the heating devices (63) Supply electricity individually. Referenced publications: German patent specification No. 5 Io 785.