DE1261308B - Automatic molding machine and process for the mass production of cylindrical or other regularly geometrically shaped bodies from small-sized, foamable thermoplastics based on polystyrene containing blowing agents - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. Cl .:

B29d

German class: 39 a3- 27/00

Number: 1261308

File number: N 23335 X / 39 a3

Filing date: June 19, 1963

Open date: February 15, 1968

The invention relates to an automatic molding machine for producing a plurality at the same time of cylindrical or other regularly geometrically shaped bodies made of propellant-containing thermoplastics.

As a blowing agent-containing thermoplastic material, for. B. fine-grained or pearl-shaped Serving polystyrene.

Devices or molds for the manufacture of objects from thermoplastic materials containing blowing agents Plastics are known per se. For example, to objects with certain Form to be processed bead-shaped plastic masses in a cylindrical hollow metal mold, which is attached to individual points having perforations, are introduced, after closing the mold and subsequent charging with steam and then with cooling water the shaping and solidification the plastic masses takes place.

Also known are automatic, plastic processing molding machines in which the Work cycles of filling, heating, cooling and ejecting run successively. With these Machines, it is known, the stationary or rotating forms arranged individually under mediation of compressed air to fill and the filled forms and the raw material supply lines through piston or To close twist locks at the same time, after which the molding by steam and cooling by Water takes place. After the molding process has ended, the finished molded bodies are ejected mechanically.

One type of such known machines is equipped with large-capacity molds, the large-format Generate moldings. The disadvantage of this type of machine is that the large-format moldings subsequently still have to be mechanically-machined (e.g. by cutting or Sawing) in order to obtain the desired final shape of the moldings. Another disadvantage of these machines is that they have low manufacturing capacities due to the large format of the blocks to be produced and require long work cycles for filling and heating.

Another type of such known machines is equipped with stationary or rotating multiple molds, which are combined in an exchangeable mold set and can also be filled with the aid of compressed air. This type of plastic automatic molding machine is used for the mass production of small molded articles which have already been finished in shape, and mainly as a packaging container automatic molding machine and method
for mass production of cylindrical or
other regularly geometrically shaped
Bodies made from small, foamable
blowing agent-containing thermoplastic
Polystyrene based plastics

Applicant:

The National Cash Register Company,

Dayton, Ohio (V. St. A.)

Representative:

Dr. A. Stappert, lawyer,

8900 Augsburg, Ulmer Str. 160

ter, plant pots or cups can be used. The disadvantage of this type of machine is that the filling of the molds is done individually and is therefore time-consuming. Another disadvantage of filling is that often only a small number of the molds are completely filled and the remaining molds are only partially filled with the plastic compound before the next step automatically starts. This results in a not inconsiderable number of scrap bodies which again reduce the economic efficiency of the automation, which is accomplished at high costs.
The object of the invention is to improve the construction and operation of the automatic molding machines mentioned, so that they are particularly suitable for the mass production of cylindrical hollow moldings that can be used, for example, as roll cores for paper strips from cash registers, addition, accounting or similar machines by means of which the wooden roll cores previously required for this, which have a number of disadvantages and, moreover, relatively expensive, can be replaced.

Accordingly, the invention is based on an automatic molding machine for mass production of cylindrical or other regularly geometrically shaped bodies made of small, foamable, Propellant-containing thermoplastics based on polystyrene with a fixed replaceable Multiple mold carriers, a filling device for filling the molds individually, a

809 508/332

Locking device for simultaneous locking the filling openings, a heating and cooling system and mechanical ejectors.

It is characterized by the combination of the following features:

a) The multiple mold carrier is housed in a guide table and contains hollow, open ones Forms which run parallel to one another and have ends, the lower ends of which are due to one in them and in the machine removably mounted mold carrier against another, the molds of the Desired diameter containing mold carrier can be achieved.

According to the invention, a simple, safe devices are created that meet all requirements and ensure that that the molds with a sufficient moveable bearing, also for ejecting the mold 10 amount of plastic for the body to be molded or body-serving locking device are locked objects are loaded. This became through it and its upper, in the plane of the guide table brought about that the plastic through out lying filling ends alternately according to the Ar nozzles flowing out compressed air in a known manner working cycle is first blown into the molds with a filling device, with one more at the same time Filling the molds and then with a 15 for example compressed air-operated brush cross the lowering locking device effectively supports and promotes the simultaneous closing process, ßen of the filled molds cooperate during the molding process.

b) The filling device and the lowering device are on a common, rotatable about attached to the guide table arranged crosshead, the rotary movements in forward and Reverse direction executes according to the respective work cycle and thereby the filling device and the dropper device one after the other in your 25 machine,

corresponding operative position to the upper ends F i g. 3 is a plan view of the arrangement of the top

of the forms pivoted.

c) Several drive devices are provided, the first of which is the crosshead and thus the filling device and the Senkverschlußvorrichrung corresponding forward and backward rotational movements issued for swiveling in and out in the corresponding active position, of which the second the Closing device before filling the molds downwards and after the molding process for ejection moved upwards and of which the third pivoted into the factory position after completion of the filling process Lowering device downwards in the closed position and after the end of the molding process moved up again.

d) The individual drive devices and the associated heating and cooling system are via a common higher-level sequence control circuit according to the work cycle to be carried out (filling, Heating, cooling, discharge) can be controlled in a timely manner.

The machine designed according to the invention, in which the individual work cycles, such as pivoting the in Starting position located filling device in the working position, filling the forms, pivoting back the filling device, closing the molds by the provided upper closing members, and Shutdown of steam, cooling water and compressed air, timely activation of the appropriate Control, switching and drive devices completely automatically with the intermediary of the approximately electrical ones Sequence control circuit run is also designed so that the machine by a few and easy to carry out hand movements on the production of moldings of other dimensional stability, z. Am

In terms of length or diameter, there is a door 4 on each of the four sides of the housing can be. Changing the length can be provided by (Figs. 12 and 13), which have access to the im

An embodiment of the molding machine designed according to the invention is described with reference to the drawing. It shows

F i g. Figure 1 is a front view of the machine with various parts for the sake of clarity in section and various other parts are shown schematically,

F i g. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the upper part of FIG

ren closing links for the forms,

F i g. 4 is a plan view of the molds and the mold carrier;

F i g. 5 shows a sectional view along line AB of FIG. 4,

6 shows a plan view of the arrangement of the lower closing members, which also serve as an ejector for the molds and the associated carrier plate,

F i g. 7 shows a sectional view along line AB of FIG. 6,

F i g. 8 is a plan view of the arrangement of the mandrels and the associated carrier plate with illustration the inlet and outlet pipes,

F i g. 9 shows a sectional view along line AB of FIG. 8,

Fig. 10 is a sectional view along line C-D of Fig. 8,

11 each individual views of the forms, ejectors, Mandrels and the upper locking links during different work cycles,

F i g. Figure 12 is a perspective view of the machine with the molds being formed by the upper clamp assembly are closed

F i g. 13 is a perspective view of the machine immediately after the finished product has been ejected Cores, with a number of the ejected cores not shown for reasons of clarity are.

F i g. 1 shows a front view of the machine designed according to the invention for the production of molded bodies made of plastic. The lower part of the machine is surrounded by a suitable housing 1 and has a base plate 2 and a cover plate 3. In

an adjusting device can be carried out by simply exchanging spacer rings or disks can be influenced so that the desired change in length of the shaped body takes place.

If the diameter of the shaped body is to be changed, this can be done in a known manner by means of the appropriate Exchanging the components housed inside the machine that contains the molds.

These are: a hydraulic drive system 10 controllable by compressed air and pressurized oil, another Hydraulic drive system 11 controllable by pressure oil, pipe connections 12 for supply and drainage of steam, cooling water and compressed air,

one according to FIG. 1 shown in block form component group 13, containing per se known control, Switching and control elements, for example diaphragm control valves with built-on three-way valve, solenoid valves, Compressed air regulator with pressure gauge, check valves, required pipes and connections for steam, cooling water and compressed air, one associated with the component group 13 Inlet pipe 14 with several connections, e.g. 14a, of which suitable pipes or hose lines lead to various devices to be described in the machine, also one with the Component group 13 connected drain pipe 15 with several connections, for. B. 15 a, which has suitable Pipes or hose lines are connected to the various devices, and one on the Base plate 2 attached support 16 to which the tubes 14 and 15 are attached. Into the inlet pipe 14 also opens a feed line (not shown) for compressed air. The inlet pipe 14 can be filled with steam, Cooling water or compressed air can be charged.

The machine also includes a precision steel tube surrounding the drive system 10 attached solenoid valve compressed air distributor 17 and a pressure oil distributor consisting of four four-way slide valves 18, which is attached to the underside of the cover plate 3 and the feed via suitable lines controls the associated drive systems with pressurized oil.

A guide table 19 is located above the cover plate 3 and attached to it (FIGS. 1, 2 and 12). A bearing body 11a (FIG. 2) of the oil-hydraulic drive system 11 extends through a recess in the table 19 and is fixedly attached to this and to the cover plate 3. The lower part of the drive system 11 extends through a corresponding recess in the cover plate 3. The upper end of a hollow pivot shaft 11 b of the drive system 11 is firmly connected to a crosshead 20. At the right end of the crosshead 20 (Figs. 1 and 2), a filling device 21 is attached, which will be described in more detail below.

Several telescopic tubes 11 c, Ud and lie extend through the hollow pivot shaft 11 b of the drive system 11 (FIG. 2). The telescopic tube 11 c is provided for electrical cables (indicated schematically in FIG. 2 by the dash-dotted line 11 /), the telescopic tube 11 d for pressurized oil and the telescopic tube 11 e for compressed air. Connections of the telescopic tubes 11 d and 11 e for pressure oil and compressed air are designated by 11g and Uh.

On the lower from the portion of the drive system 11 emergent pivot shaft 11 and a gear 11 is fixed i, which constantly engages with an oil-hydraulically actuated rack and receives llJfc communicated via the latter its pivoting movement. The gear 11 / has a switching cam which can actuate an electrical limit switch 51 in a first pivot position and an electrical limit switch 52 in a second pivot position. The drive rack 11 k also has at its right (F i g. 2) non-toothed side of a cam (not shown) which can actuate an electric switch S3. The switches 51 to 53 control the advance of the machine to the next work cycle via an electrical control circuit 22 (FIG. 1). The control circuit 22 which automatically controls the machine is arranged in a suitable housing on the left-hand side of the machine and connected in a manner known per se to the associated control, switching and working devices of the machine.

A further round recess is provided in the guide table 19 and in the cover plate 3, into which a mold carrier 23 (FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 5, 12 and 13) is inserted and removably fastened by suitable means, for example clamping claws. The mold carrier 23 consists of a hollow, vapor-tight welded body, in which a plurality of individual cylindrical metal molds 24 are firmly inserted in a suitable manner. The metal molds 24 are hollow and open at both ends. The mold carrier 23 is each provided with two connections 23 α and 23 & (Fig. 4) for the inlet and outlet of steam and cooling water. The mold carrier can also be charged with compressed air via the aforementioned connections 23 α in order to press steam condensates and residual water out of the mold carrier and the pipelines. The connections 23 α and 23 b are connected to the corresponding connections 14 a and 15 a (Fig. .1) via suitable pipes or flexible hose lines.

When the mold carrier 23 containing the molds 24 is charged with steam or cooling water, the flow path runs as follows: from the corresponding pipe connections at 12 via the inlet valves in the component group 13, which are opened by means of the electrical control circuit, the supply pipe 14, the connections 14 α and the connections 23 α to the mold carrier 23. When flowing into the cavity of the mold carrier 23, the steam or the cooling water then reaches a baffle plate 23 c (FIG. 5) and flows from there to the outer walls of the individual molds 24, starts running this down, collects again on the bottom surface of the cavity and finally flows through the drain pipes or drain connections 23 b and 15 a, the drain pipe 15 and the correspondingly opened drain valve in the corresponding pipeline drain connection at 12. In each form 24 also leads to a Closing member 25 (Figs. 1, 2, 6 and 7) serving for the ejector, the upper end of which is connected to a pressure ring 25 a is provided, which presses tightly against the inner wall of the mold 24 and closes it at the bottom. The individual closing members 25 are attached to a carrier plate 26, which in turn is firmly attached to a piston rod 27 of the drive system 10, which can be controlled with compressed air and pressure oil, and which can be moved up and down.

As shown in FIG. 1, 2 and 7, the locking members 25 have the shape of a hollow cylinder with ends open on both sides. A long cylindrical hollow mandrel 28 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 9) is assigned to each closing element 25. The mandrels 28 extend all the way through the locking members 25 and close tightly against the pressure ring 25 a. With their lower ends, the mandrels 28 are fastened in a suitable manner to a hollow support plate 29, which in turn is firmly attached to a piston stand 30 of the drive system 10 and can carry out upward and downward movements. An overall arrangement of the mandrels 28 carried by the carrier plate 29 is shown in FIG. 8 shown.

On the underside of the carrier plate 29 (Fig. 8, 9 and 10) two main inflow pipes 31 are attached, from which individual inflow pipes 31a branch off, the extend through the support plate 29 and, respectively

I 261 308

are connected to a mandrel 28. To effectively feed the mandrels 28 with steam, cooling water or compressed air, hoses 31b , z. B. hoses made of polytetrafluoroethylene, drawn in, which extend to the upper end of the mandrels. The inflow pipes 31a and 31 are connected to the corresponding connections 14α (FIG. 1) via suitable flexible hose lines.

changing the deepest downward position of the locking members 25, it is possible to adjust the length of the molds 25 to change and thereby the machine easily to moldings with other length dimension -5 to change overruns.

Said adjusting device is accommodated in a tube 33 (FIG. 2) fastened in the mold carrier 23 and contains a spacer 34 which can be inserted into the tube 33 from above. To achieve the

the carrier plate 26 carrying the locking members 25 is screwed on. The upper end of the bolt 36 is provided with a screw 35, which with its collar

Carrier plate 26 is in its lowest position. The upper end of the mounted in the mold carrier 23 Tube 33 is through a screw 37

Cooling water and compressed air line system can the mandrels 28 according to the work cycle to be carried out be charged with the appropriate medium (steam, cooling water, compressed air).

The piston rod 27 firmly connected to the carrier plate 26 for the lower closing members 25 as well as the piston rod 30 firmly connected to the carrier plate 29 for the mandrels 28 can through the

Steam condensates flowing out of the mandrels 28 can achieve the desired dimensional accuracy of the molded body or draining cooling water collects in the possibly one or more smaller ones Cavity 29α of the carrier plate 29 and, if spacers, e.g. spacers34a, are inserted into the the sewage pipe 33 provided in the component group 13 can be used. Through the inlaid drain valve is open, via two drain pipes 32 from spacer 34 and the optionally inserted guided, with the connections 15 α of the discharge pipe 15 spacer disks 34 a, a bolt 36 extends res 15 ver (F i g. 2 and 7) with its lower end on the are bound.

F i g. 8 shows the overall arrangement in plan view
of the mandrels 28 with the intended main inflow pipes 31 and the outflow pipes 32 as well as the individual 20 on the uppermost spacer 34 or on the branched off inflow pipes 31a. In Fig. 10 is applied in the uppermost spacer washer 34a when the sectional view of the support plate 29 with the supply and
Outflow line and the branches of the inflow pipes 31a are shown.

It is tightly closed by the electrical control circuit 25 (FIG. 2).

with the intermediary of valves switchable steam, from this described and shown arrangement

It follows that through the spacers 34 and the spacers 34 α the lowest downward position of the bolt 36 and the carrier plate 26 and thereby 30 also the lower locking members 25 are fixed can, whereby the length of the molds 24 is determined. The upward movement of the piston rod 27 driven carrier plate 26 is limited by the screw 37 acting as a stop,

with compressed air and pressurized oil controllable drive 35 against which the system 10 moved along by the carrier plate 26 runs independently through the intermediary of bolts 36 with its screw 35, z. B. in the corresponding ejection of finished molded bodies in the electrical control circuit. drive movements in the downward or upward direction F i g. 2 shows a sectional view of the arrangements described above in accordance with the work cycle in progress in two different ways. The drive system 10 contains 40 working positions. In the position shown to the left of the center line M1 other two superposed drive systems of the drive system 10, one of which drives the piston rod 27 and the closing member 25 at its deepest through the other drives the piston rod 30. In Fig. 1 the actuating device 33, 34, 34 a, 35, 36 (and 26) are the connections for the fixed position in the drive system 10, whereas the mandrel attached to the carrier pressure oil with the reference number 10 α and 10 b and the 45 plate 29 28 assumes its uppermost position connection for compressed air with the reference numeral 10c and thereby shows an annular shape. The connections 10 α, 10 & and 10 c are formed in deepening. The extent of the upward and downward movement of the pressure oil manifold 18 and the downward movement of the mandrels 28, respectively, is connected by the air pressure line system. The left upward and downward stroke of the piston connection 10 c is constantly charged with compressed air, so 50 rod 30 driving piston of the drive system that the piston 10 driving the closing members 25 is determined. In the right of the center line Ml rod 27 is normally its lower position and the position shown, the piston rod 30 driving the locking member 28 is normally 25 in its upper position (the finished moldings assume their upper position, if not by butting), with the mandrel 28 has been moved to its lowest down position via the electrical control circuit and the pressure 55. Oil distributor 18 causes the oil pressure to be switched on. The downward movement of the mandrels 28 before the through

a corresponding reversal takes place. the lower closing members 25 are ejected

From the preceding description of the requirement, the finished molded body is, according to the invention, from men 24, the lower locking links 25 and the mandrels meaning. By moving the mandrels 28 down 28 shows that the length of the molds 24 through 60, these are out of the finished molded body lowest downward position of the moves on the support plate 26, causing a slight shrinkage of the attached closing members 25 (FIG. 2) now determines the molded body released by the mandrels 28 will. can occur. As a result of this shrinkage, they loosen

The extent of the downward movement of the moldings from the wall of the molds, so Piston rod 27 actuated support plate 26 and 65 that easy ejection of the molded body is possible thus the size of the downward stroke is also the closing stroke.

members 25 can be arranged in the mold carrier 23 by the mandrels 28 when ejecting the mold Adjusting device can be changed. Through the body in its upper position and thus also in

9 10

the moldings are left, so there is the motor 43 and the brush cross 42 of the Füllvorrich-

Danger that the molded body as a result of too strong device 21 to the compressed air control system of the machine

Adheres to the wall of the molds 24 at their attached.

Ejection are compressed, resulting in undesirable For filling the filling device 21 is the for

Deviations in the specified dimensional accuracy 5 forms of plastic used in the z. B. from poly-

the shaped body leads. The filling pipe 41, which exists as a result of the above-mentioned methacrylic ester glass, is poured,

Shrinkage resulting change in the dimension until it is almost full, whereby at the bottom

on the other hand, the stability of the molded body lies within the side along the periphery of the base plate 40

negligible limits. solid brushes 40 b ensure that the

As shown in FIG. 6, the plastic located in the molded tube 41 is not undesirable

Carrier 23 arranged three such adjusting devices, step out of the filling device 21 from the side

in order to ensure that the arrangement works safely, not even when the filling device 21

Afford. through the crosshead 20 during the filling process on the

If it is desired, moldings can be pivoted through the other through-guide table 19 and over the molds

knife, so this can be moved into a 15 24 working position,

fan way can be achieved by the mold carrier is the filling device 21 in their

23 exchanged for another mold carrier working position, d. H. above the mold carrier 23, so

the molds of the desired diameter can be filled with the molds 24 with the plastic

contains. It goes without saying that the locking members are also. This is done in such a way that the filling

25 and the mandrels 28 or their carrier plates 26 and 20 device 21 via the supply line 42 d with compressed air

29 to be exchanged in a corresponding manner is charged, the brush cross 42 by the

must, which latter is driven to the associated piston air motor 43 and to rotate

rod are detachably attached. begins. At the same time, the filling device

On the underside of the cover plate 3 is a rod 38 25 of the brush cross 42, which is supplied in a suitable manner 21 and removably fastened through the inner bores 42, from the compressed air flowing out of the (FIG. 1), which extends vertically downwards into the interior Nozzles 42 c, thereby blowing the plastic into which the machine extends. On the rod 38 are four open molds 24, which fill them, electrical limit switches 54, 55, 56 and 57 are arranged upper and lower end positions actuated ₃₀ substance into the molds.

The duration of the filling process is determined by a time for cause the next work cycle. relay (not shown) controllable by an am

The two upper limit switches 54 and 55 are the switchboard of the electrical control circuit 22 in front of the rotary knob 22 a (FIG. 1) carrying the locking members 25 to times of plate 26 and the two lower limit switches 56 35 0.5 to 10 seconds is adjustable. and 57 from the support plate 29 which carries the mandrels. After the set time has elapsed, the filling can be actuated. The limit switch 55 is adjustable on the device 21 by the drive system 11 via Rod 38 is arranged and when the length changes, the pivot shaft 11 & drivable crosshead 20 in readjusted according to the shape. pivoted back to the starting position. Upon reaching

The limit switches 54 to 57 are known per se and the starting position is the corresponding one

ter way with the electrical control circuit 22 of the three limit switches 51 to 53 through the

tied together. Switching cams of the gear 11 / of the crosshead

As already described, is actuated on the drive system 11 pivoting on the hollow 20,

Pivot shaft 11 & of the hydraulic drive - which triggers the switching of the machine

systems 11 firmly seated crosshead 20 which is filling 45,

device 21 attached (Fig. 1 and 2). On the left part of the upper side of the basic

The filling device 21 contains a round base plate 40, the filling device 21 is a curved plate 40, on which a filling pipe 41 is placed and fastened in the stripping plate 44 (FIG. 13), the most suitable Way, e.g. B. is fastened by screws. men with the filling device over the guide table The filling pipe 41 can be pivoted with its left side (FIG. 2) 50 19 and at the corresponding Ardurch Appropriate means of the usual type at the pivoting cycle, the finished ones that can be ejected from the molds 24 Crosshead 20 firmly attached and is of NEN molded body in a recess on worn this. Guide table 19 attached drainage channel 45

The base plate 40 of the filling device 21 is with pushes.

a round recess 40 a provided in which a 55 In the middle part of the crosshead 20 is a Brush cross 42 equipped with brushes 42 a arranged on a drive controllable by compressed air and pressure oil is. The brush cross 42 is arranged by an an on system 46 (Figs. 1, 2) which has a locking mechanism known compressed air motor 43 can be driven, the device 47 can operate, the upper open a magnet end of the molds 24 connected to the compressed air system closes. From the bearing valve is connected upstream, which protrudes over the electrical 60 body of the drive system 46, a piston control circuit in the sense of the rod to be carried out 46 α, which has an annular groove 46 c The work cycle can be influenced accordingly. having support member 46 & is provided.

The brush cross 42 (FIG. 2) is equipped with four arms. The locking device 47 consists of a plate, on the underside of which the brushes 42 a 47 a (FIGS. 2 and 13), in which a large number of are individually arranged. The arms are each with a 65 NEN hollow locking members 48 are firmly inserted, radial inner bore 42 b and have closed at the upper end. The nozzle-like outlet openings of the upper ends of the molds 24 serving to close their underside are closing 42c. The compressed air device 47 is connected via a supply line 42 d through its plate 47 a

11 12

Averaging of clamping claws 49, which engage in the annular groove 46 c a slidably mounted in a bore 57 of the carrier member 46 b , releasably connected to the KoI bolt 58, the rod 46 a of the drive system 46 connected under the influence of a spring 59. normally pushed down. In the striker pin 60 designed according to the invention, the movement path, ie the machine, three such clamping claws 49 (FIGS 58 works with one under the force

Closing device 47 with the switching pin 61 which is driven by a spring 62 together, system 46 drivable piston rod 46 a to ensure in the locking position, ie in the upper position of the bolt 58 one with the electrical control via a connection 46 d the drive system is io circuit 22 connected to limit switch S 9 is actuated, 46 fed with compressed air, while causing the switching operation of the machine via a check, circuit 46 e is carried out with the feed pressure oil. When the crosshead 20 is in its locking connection 46 d, which is pivoted with the telescopic tube 11 c position (Fig. 12), it runs, if connected, compressed air is constantly available so that this is reached with the lower end 52 a the piston rod 46a normally in its upper, 15 (Fig. 13) of its locking part 52 against which the locking device 47 holds in the raised and upper, designed as a round profile end 51a of the mold 24 non-locking position. Locking device 51, whereby the end position When the oil pressure is switched on, the piston rod of the pivoting movement of the crosshead 20 is determined

46 a moves downwards, whereby the locking device is. Then, with the mediation of the

47 closes the upper ends of the molds 24. The 20 electrical control circuit 22 activated lifting and lowering of the closing device 47 and compressed air control system Compressed air into the chamber 53 a thereby caused opening and closing of the For- sent, whereby the piston 53 against the force men 24 takes place in a timely manner under the mediation of the spring 54 upwards is moved. The control circuit 22 which is electrical from the piston and which also moves the oil pressure valve 53, serving as a locking bolt, switches accordingly. 25 Piston rod 55 pushes in this upward

On the support member 46 b of the piston rod 46 a movement in the bore 57 of the locking part of the drive system 46 is an angled, after 52 of the crosshead 20 and secures the latter upwardly extending Schaltann 50 attached, on which a pivoting movement. During the upward movement, a piston rod 55, which tapers conically towards its upper end, abuts against the bolt 58, the switching bolt 50 α is attached. Since the switching arm 30 and presses the latter against the force of the spring 59 50 via the support member 46 b with the piston rod 46 upwards into its upper edge position, which is firmly connected, this movement is limited by the contact or stop pin 60. By downward movements of the piston rod 46 a, the upward movement of the bolt 58 is guided and thereby influences an electrical end switch pin 61 driven, which in turn actuates the switch switch S 8, which actuates the advance of the machine 35 S 9 , which in turn results in the subsequent switching for the next work cycle. The limit switch of the machine takes effect.

S 8 is on the electrical line 11 / (Fig. 2) with To unlock the crosshead 20 is the

the electrical control circuit 22 is connected. Compressed air to the locking device 51

On the upper left side of the cover plate 3 (Fig. 1 switches, so that the piston 53 together with its piston and 2) a locking device 51 is arranged in 40 rod 55 by the force of spring 54 again net, which with a locking and stop part back to its lower ineffective starting position-52 of the crosshead 20 can cooperate. Which is moved, causing the crosshead 20 to pass through 51, 52 is used to determine which end guide is free from pivoting movements. Simultaneously The point of the pivoting movement of the crosshead 20 is now also that of the piston rod 55 and for its locking in the end position, the bolt 58 is released by the force of the spring 59 rend certain work cycles during the molding process. pressed down again into its lower edge position,

The locking device 51 is on the deck so that the switching pin 61 under the influence of seiplatte 3 in a suitable manner, for. B. by screws, ner spring 62 moved back to its original position and contains a drive piston 53, which can be and the switch S 9 releases, from a spring 54 normally in its lower 50. The electrical control circuit 22, which is held the working edge position , in which a piston rod 55 permanently connected to the machine after it has been started controls itself 53 out of action, consists of components that are known per se in relation to the locking and stop part and are therefore not described in more detail of the crosshead 20 is held. The piston ends. A switching mechanism 22b (Fig. 1, 12 and 13), which runs in rod 55 at its upper end conically from 55 of the control circuit 22 is provided, contains zwan- and serves as a locking bolt. umpteen consecutive contact positions for the

Via a connection 56 (FIG. 1), which is connected to the various work cycles of the machine. The individual contact positions connected to the one compressed air pipeline system of the machine are the following work cycles, a chamber 53 a, in which the drive piston 53 is assigned, can be charged with compressed air, so 60
that this together with the locking bolt
overcoming the force of the spring 54 in
its upper edge position is moved in which the
Locking part 52 of the crosshead 20, if this
is pivoted into its end position, is locked. 65

The locking and stop part 52 is suitably at the left end of the crosshead 20 (Figs. 1, 2, 12 and 13) attached and contains

position 1: Heating (steam) No. 2: Heat No. 3: Cooling (water) No. 4: Cool No. 5: Thorns down, No. upper locking links upwards

Contact 6: position 7: No. 8th: No. 9: No. 10: No. 11: No. 12: No. 13: No. No.

13 14

When the aforementioned switch 22 c is activated, the following working cycle runs continuously in succession:

Unlocking the crosshead 1. The filling device 21 moves with its

(Locking bolt down) Brushes 40 b and 42 a over the guide table 19

Filling device dragging forward 5, into its filling position over the molds 24.

lower closing links (ejector) upwards, in the end position of this pivoting movement of the Mandrels up filling device 21 triggers the limit switch 51, the

Stripping (associated with the finished ejected hydraulic rotary actuator 11, the

Molded body) Continuation of the electrical control circuit 22 from.

η ιι · η ι · j r λ * η \ t- «_j. ¹⁰ 2. The ejectors 25 move downwards. In lower closure members (ejector) downstream _{def untQXStpn end} stellun _g of the limit switches 55 dissolves,

Filling the molds actuated by the carrier plate 26, the indexing

Swing the filling device back out. It is understood that this limit switch 55 of the

Lock the crosshead (the locking bolts correspond to the length of the shapes

upwards) * 5 must be adjusted accordingly.

No. 14: upper closing links down? · ^The filling device 21 starts to work. the

(Close forms) - ^ ^{elt from} this moment to the return movement

the filling device 21 is in its starting position

The contact positions no. 15 to 20 cannot be set using a time relay, which is clogged and run through without any effect. ao arranged rotary switch 22 a on the switchboard of the electrical control circuit can be influenced on the switchboard of the electrical control switchboard. In the case of short device 22 (FIG. 1), two rows of customary molded bodies should also be provided for 0.5 seconds, and in the case of molded bodies, switches 22c are provided which allow the machine to be switched on and off for a greater length of about 2 seconds As already described, switching the machine over from during the filling process is controlled from the »automatic« to »manual mode« as well as other aras fine-grained pre-expanded polystyrene through the working functions of the machine. For the timing of the nozzles 42 c exiting compressed air is blown into the molds by providing time relays for 24, whereby the rotary switch 22 a is provided by the compressed air motor 43 regulating the duration for steam, cooling water and filling brush cross 42 . filling the plastic in the molds 24 in addition, the machine contains a prefixed 3 ° favors and supports (see also Fig. 11, bookable counter 22 rf, which controls the rods α and).

The machine is influenced in such a way that it moves after the 4. After the set time has elapsed

a predetermined number of work cycles the filling device back into the starting position

is switched off automatically. back, with the limit switch 52 on the hydraulic

It goes without saying that the pivot drive 11 described in the present case is actuated and the continuation

in the exemplary embodiment shown and triggers the use of the machine,

th hydraulic drive devices and the 5. Thereupon the entire swivel drive 11

electrical control circuit also suitable by others via the crosshead 20 with its locking part

Nete devices can be replaced without 52 a acting as a locking bolt KoI-

while deviating from the basic idea of the invention 4 ° rod 55 locked in the manner already described

will. applies, with the switching via the limit switch

S 9 is effected.

Operation of the machine 6. The upper closing members united in the plate 47 a 48 are then through the pressure

Before starting the work of the machine for production 45 air and pressure oil controlled drive system 46 off cylindrical or other regularly moved upward, whereby the molds 24 closed Metrically shaped bodies made of propellant-containing are (cf. Fig. 11, letter c). With downward thermoplastic Plastics will initially move all of the locking links 48 over the circuitry Shut-off valves on the right arm 50 and the switching pin 50 a of the limit switch Machine side are arranged, open. 50 58 actuated, which switches the machine over

In the filling tube 41 of the filling device 21, the idle cycles no. 15 to 20 are effected.

Pre-expanded plastic moistened with water, 7. In the position now assumed (»Heating -

z. B. polystyrene filled. The degree of humidity of the steam «) is switched on by a time relay

Filled plastic should be kept interrupted for a selectable time. This time should

that the polystyrene in the filling tube 41 still remains well after about 1.5 to 2.0 seconds before switching

can slip. When to wear the polystyrene in the stuffing tube.

is processed dry, the result is brittle cores. When the filling device 21 is pivoted back in because the foaming process as a result of poor heat - the starting position was simultaneously the vapor conductivity is deficient. Already due to the valve opened. To those contained in the mold carrier 23 relatively long periods of time between the respective 60 forms for better heating of the condensate Filling the filling pipe dries the polystyrene straight away and ventilate, the waste water drain remains why a little and should therefore be opened over the following bars with plenty of moisture, with mixed in will. ernd steam into the mold carrier 23 (and of course

Before the machine is started up, it also flows into the mandrels 28) and condenses,

of the corresponding switch 20 (Fig. 1) in its 65 8. After switching (via the assigned time

The setting button of the switching relay must close to the “On” position to the “Heating” contact position

Plant 22 & on contact position No. 8 (= off the mentioned waste water drain valve, and the mold carrier

push up, thorn up) stand. With actuator 23 and the mandrels 28 are then only one

Claims (1)

15 16 Connected to the steam on the aisle side. If the time after the end of the work specified under 15 If »Heating - Steam« is selected too short, the machine can also cycle through the cycle by hand the mold carrier 23 is poorly vented and fully turned off by actuating one of the switches 22 c. Condensate, and the moldings remain brittle. The feed values in the invention However, if the time chosen is too long, too much 5 is preferably chosen according to the machine designed: Steam lost through the drain line, and that .. ^{Cooling water heats up to} Wydraulikol 5U atu when the cooling system is closed unnecessarily. The time relay »heating« should be switched on for compressed air 6 to 8 atm that the total time from swiveling back for steam is 2.5 atü ken the filling device 21 to the switching operation on fo _r io water 3 to 4 atm "Cooling - water" is approximately 50 seconds. 9. After switching to »cooling - ■ water« claims · opens the cooling water valve and the waste water drain Valve. This cooling time is also controlled by a time 1. Automatic molding machine for mass relay adjustable and should be about 20 seconds. 15 manufacture of cylindrical or other rule-authoritative is the temperature of the cooling water. The moderately geometrically shaped bodies made up of small-shaped bodies No post-expansion, foamable, propellant-containing thermal effects must be used when ejecting demonstrate. After the expiry of the polystyrene-based plastics embedded in the relay, set time occurs the switching of the electrical with a fixed interchangeable multi-control in action. 20 tray mold carriers, a filling device for 10. The cooling water relay closes, and for this individual filling of the molds, a closure is made Compressed air in the mold carrier and the mandrel direction for the simultaneous closing of the blow, causing the residual water to drain fill holes, a heating and cooling system and valve is pushed out. with mechanical ejectors, marked The time required for this process is approximately 25 net due to the combination of the following notes 5 seconds and is set on a time relay: bar. After the time has elapsed, the electrical a) The multiple mold carrier (23) is in one Irish control. ~ Guide table (19) housed and contains 11. The mandrels 28 are now moved downwards and the hollow, open-ended locking members 48, which are parallel to one another, are moved upwards. The ends are opened by a mold 24 movably mounted in them through the 30 allele running molds (24), their lower upward movement of the closing members 48. In the respective end position of the mandrels 28, which also serve to eject the molded bodies, and the closing elements 48, the continued closing device (25, 26) is closed and the machine is closed by the assigned end and its upper ones, in the plane of the guide switch 57 or SS 35 table (19) lying Einfüllenden. alternatingly As already described, 'after the cooling, the work cycle is used first. a filler, but before the finished molding device (21) is ejected for simultaneous filling of the former ensuing movement of the mandrels 28 in their men (24) and then with a Lenkverschlußunterste Edge position to a light and before device (47, 48) for simultaneous closing all damage-free ejection of the finished 40 of the filled molds (24) during the molding from the forms 24 to enable. Work together. 12. The locking device 51 is activated by b) moving the filling device (21) and the lowering downwards of the locking bolt (piston locking device (47, 48) are on a common rod 55) seeds ineffective in its lower edge position, rotatable above the guide table (19) In doing so, the limit switch 59 triggers the 45-arranged crosshead (20) attached to the switching off. '' Rotary movements in forward and backward 13. The filling device 21 then moves to direction according to the respective work cycle from -90 °, so that the stripper attached to it 44 leads and thereby the filling device (21) and the edge of the mold carrier 23 comes to a stand. The lowering device (47, 48) one after the other hydraulic Sehwenkantrie * b 11 associated 50 other in their corresponding operative position to the Limit switch 53 initiates incremental switching. . pivoted upper ends of the molds (24). 14. The ejectors 25 and the mandrels 28 move. c) Several drive devices are now vorgesich upwards, the latter see something of the ejectors, of which the first (11, Ub) following the transverse slower. Reach the finished 'Forni-.:' Main (20) and thus the filling device (21) body from the molds'24 ejector 55 * and the Senkverschlußvorjichtung (47, 48) ejector 25 and the mandrels 28 each their upper end-speaking forward and backward rotary movement position, then the stepping takes place through the end swiveling in and out in the corresponding switch S 4 or "56. active position issued, of which the second (10, 15. The filling device 21 with the stripper 44 27) the closing device (25, 26) before the filling moves forward and pushes the finished molds (24) downwards and after the molded body F has been pushed into the drainage channel 45 (cf. Molding process moved upward for ejection Fig. 11, letter d). and of which the third (46) The machine now continuously repeats the filling process in the active position. on the other hand the pivoted lowering locking device (47, 48) indicated under 1 to 15 working cycle so often that we do this on the counter of the electrical 65 upwards in the closed position and after the end see control circuit has been preset. Moved upwards again after the molding process. Completion of the preset number of working d) The individual drive devices (11, cycles then the machine switches off automatically. 11 b; 10, 27; 46) as well as the assigned heating and Cooling system, are to be carried out via a common higher-level sequence control circuit according to the Work cycle (filling, heating, cooling, ejecting) can be controlled in a timely manner. 2. Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the multiple mold carrier (23) is designed as a hollow body and has several connections (23 a, 23 b) for inflow and outflow of steam and cooling liquid for heating or cooling the outer walls of the molds (24). 3. Molding machine according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the length of the molds (24) through the deepest downward position of the closing device in the molds (24) (25, 26) is determined and that the downward stroke of the by an adjusting device (33 to 37) Closing device (25, 26) and thus the length of the molds (24) can be changed. 4. Molding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the adjusting device in one is accommodated in the multiple mold carrier (23) attached tube (33) or bushing and contains interchangeable rings or spacers (34,34 ß), which in the tube (33) of the multiple mold carrier (23) can be used. 5. Molding machine according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that a guide member (36) the adjusting device is coupled to the common carrier plate (26) of the closing device (25, 26) is to thereby control the amount of their upward and downward movement. 6. Molding machine for producing cylindrical moldings according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that in cylindrical shape having forms (24) Mandrels (28) are provided which extend through the locking device (25, 26) and on a carrier plate (29) are arranged, the latter in the up and down direction by a fourth drive device (10, 30) is drivable to the mandrels (28) in or out of the molds (24) to move. 7. Molding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the mandrels (28) and their carrier plate (29) are designed as a hollow body and that the mandrels (28) can be charged accordingly by the heating and cooling system during the molding process are. 8. Molding machine according to claim 6 and 7, characterized in that on the hollow support plate (29) inflow pipes (31) are attached, of which each individual distributor inflow lines (31 a) lead directly to the individual mandrels (28), and that from The feed medium flowing back the mandrels (28) flows into the carrier plate (29) and is discharged via common drainage pipes (32) arranged thereon. 9. Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition to that of the sequence control circuit (22) heating and cooling system that can be influenced, a compressed air system is also provided, which is also connected to the sequence control circuit (22) is subject and the hollow multiple mold carrier (23) and the mandrels (28) are charged with compressed air, to vapor condensates and residues of the cooling liquid from the multiple mold carrier (23) and the Push out the thorns (28). 10. Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling of the molds (24) by the filling device (21) in a known manner with the mediation of nozzles (42 c) outflowing compressed air takes place in such a way that all the molds (24) of the Multiple mold carriers (23) are filled at the same time, with a compressed air-operated brush cross (42, 42 a) supporting the filling process. 11. Molding machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first to fourth drive devices (11, Ub; 10, 27; 46; 10, 30) can each be actuated hydraulically and / or pneumatically. 12. Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the crosshead (20) with a Locking device (51) cooperates during the former at predetermined times of the forming process in working position. 13. Molding machine according to claim 12, characterized in that the making the effective Locking device (51) takes place under the action of compressed air while its inoperative takes place with the mediation of non-positive elements (54). 14. Molding machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the drive devices and the locking device each have one or more limit switches (51 to 59) that can be actuated by them are included, which trigger the respective initiate the next cycle of the working cycle with the intermediary of the sequence control circuit (22). 15. Process for the production of cylindrical or other regularly geometrically shaped Bodies made of blowing agent-containing thermoplastics with the process steps: Filling pre-expanded plastic into the molds and closing them, heating the Forming by steam and subsequent cooling and ejection of the finished molded body, in particular for a molding machine according to one and / or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the intermediary of nozzles (42 c) flowing out Compressed air in a known manner filling all forms (24) charged at the same time the filling process by an additionally arranged, rotating brushwork (42, 42 a) is supported. Considered publications:
"Kunststoffe", 1963, no. 5, pp. 305 to 312;
"Plastverarbeiter", 1962, no. 5, pp. 252, 253;
"Rubber - Asbestos - Plastics", 1961, pp. 1128, 1130, 1132, 1139. In addition 5 sheets of drawings 809 508/332 2.68 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin