DE8560002U1 - Ratchet wrench - Google Patents

Description

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Patent application

Eduard Mille GmbH & Co, Lindenallee 27, 10 D-5600 Wuppertal 12

Ratchet wrench

15th

The invention relates to a reversible ratchet wrench, comprising:

(a) a housing with a head part and a handle part,

(b) a drive link that can be coupled with a fine tool,

25 (c) a ratchet wheel provided on the lifting link, which is rotatably mounted in the head part,

(d) a locking piece rotatably arranged in the housing between two end positions through ^{which the}

in one end position, the rotary movement of the ratchet wheel in a first direction can be blocked in relation to the housing and 35 in a second, opposite direction

tion is released and

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in the other end position the rotation of the ratchet wheel can be blocked in the second direction and released in the first direction,
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(E) a detent spring through which the locking piece, in each case, resiliently in one or in the other other end position is held,

(f) a shift finger extending inside the housing into the handle part, with the one end engages the locking piece and through which the locking piece from the one in the other end position is pivotable, and

(g) a switching device attached to the handle part and acting on the shift finger, through which the locking piece over the shift finger from one end position to the other is switchable.

Ratchet wrenches set a reciprocating Motion into a rotary motion. This is intended to be a reciprocating motion Threaded part, e.g. a screw or a nut, can be tightened or loosened. One over one Ratchet wheel each driven in one direction drive member usually has a square on which a suitable tool depending on the drive form of the to be tightened or loosened Threaded part can be placed. Usually a such ratchet wrench switchable in the sense that with a reciprocating movement of the Ratchet wrench the tool can optionally be in one way or the other turns to on

this way to selectively tighten threaded parts or to Ibsen or to tighten threaded parts with right-hand or left-hand thread.

Typical reversible ratchet wrenches are described in US-A-4,277,990 or DE-A-29 01 062.

There is a drive link in a housing there rotatably mounted, which can be connected to a tool. There is a ratchet wheel on the drive member provided with teeth. Furthermore, a locking piece provided with two sets of teeth is in the housing rotatably arranged between two end positions. The locking piece has a cam, which cooperates with a ball under the influence of a detent spring in such a way that the Locking piece is resiliently pressed either into one or the other end position. The locking piece can be switched to either one by means of a switch lever or switchable to the other end position.

In a direction of rotation of the housing relative to the drive member and ratchet wheel, the line of action runs the one between the locking piece and the ratchet wheel! transmitted forces essentially through the pivot axis of the locking piece, so that the ratchet wheel and thus the drive member is taken along with the housing. In the opposite direction of rotation, the line of action d-sr runs between the locking piece and the ratchet wheel effective forces essentially tangential to the axis of the locking piece, so that the locking piece against the action of the detent spring evades and the drive connection is released between the housing and the drive member.

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With these known reversible ratchet wrenches the entire mechanism including the switch lever sits in one head part, which is followed by a stylish handle part. It must therefore be used to switch the direction of rotation can be worked with two hands. The ratchet wrench is held with one hand and the switch lever operated with the other hand.

US-A-3 467 231 and US-A-3 233 481 and FR-A-1 340 335 show similar constructions.

There are reversible ratchet wrenches known in which the switching is done by actuators, which are provided on the handle part.

Such a construction is shown in US Pat. No. 4,277,989. There, a rod runs within the handle part, which is hinged to an arm of the locking piece and connected to a push handle that is longitudinally movable is performed on the handle part. A similar construction is shown in US-A-4,300,431.

From US-A-4 308 769 a reversible ratchet wrench is known in which the im Head part of the ratchet wrench arranged locking piece over a spring-loaded linkage with a connected by a pivoting movement releasable finger piece facing away from the head part The end face of the handle part is arranged.

With a reversible ratchet wrench after the US-A-3 608 402 cooperates with the ratchet wheel by a resilient wire and a pair of locking pieces. This resilient wire sits off-center

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a rod which is rotatably mounted in the tubular handle part and with one on the handle part rotatably mounted sleeve is connected. By twisting the rod, the resilient wire can be in contact be brought with one or the other locking piece, so that he the rotary movement of the Ratchet wheel locked in one direction with respect to the housing and in the other direction released.

Through US-A-3,650,165. a reversible ratchet wrench known in which the Drive member a ratchet wheel with circumferentially arranged, axial grooves of rectangular Has cross section. In the handle part, a spring-loaded piston is guided, which at its end carries a sawtooth-shaped approach in cross section. This approach engages the grooves. At a The direction of rotation is taken along the drive member via the steep flank of the attachment. In the In the other direction of rotation, the approach gives way to a springy slope via an inclined flank. The spring-loaded The piston is connected to an actuator which is located on the end of the handle part facing away from the head part protrudes from the handle part. The piston can be rotated through 180 ° by means of this actuator , whereby a reversal of the driving direction is achieved.

The operation of actuators on the head part remote end face of the handle part is difficult. There are usually two Hands required. The same is true with regard to twisting of the necks in US-A-3,608,402.

Constructions in which the locking piece has a switching finger in the form of a on the switching piece articulated, longitudinally movable rod is pivotable, are complex and not very stable.

The housing of the ratchet wrench is usually manufactured as forged parts from steel. Such housings are therefore relatively heavy. Even the production is complex.

The invention is based on the object of a robust and simple construction of a switchable Ratchet wrench to create which one Switching is permitted with one hand on the handle.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by that

(h) the shift finger between two positions is pivotable within the housing, each assigned to an end position of the locking piece are,

(i) the detent spring on the

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this resiliently holds one or the other of said positions and

(j) the Unischalteinrichtung an actuator displaceably guided in the transverse direction of the handle part contains.

In contrast to constructions, for example according to Art of US-A-4 277 989 the detent spring does not act directly on the locking piece. Rather, it works

Detent spring on the shift finger, which is in one of two stable positions is printed. Switching takes place by swiveling the Shift finger by means of an actuator that is guided transversely in the handle and engages the shift finger. The shift finger then moves the locking piece, which is held by the detent spring only over the shift finger is burdened,

According to another aspect of the invention, a ratchet wrench comprising:

(a) a housing,

(b) a drive member that can be coupled to a tool, which is rotatably mounted in the housing,

(c) a ratchet wheel provided on the drive member and

(d) a rotatably arranged in the housing, Locking piece loaded by a detent spring, through which the rotation of the locking wheel in

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a second direction is released,

the manufacture of the housing thereby simplified and cheaper, and the weight of the housing as a result reduced that

(e) the housing with a flat plastic part opposite parallel planar surfaces has as well

(f) a pair of plates made of a highly wear-resistant one Material, in particular metal plates, which rest on these flat surfaces and through Fastening members are connected to one another and to the plastic part.

The plates are used to store the ratchet wheel and the locking piece. These parts are that way More wear-resistant than in a housing made only of a conventional injection-molded plastic how polyamide would be possible. In addition, the plates stiffen and stabilize the Housing, so that even relatively large forces can be absorbed by the so stiffened housing.

In this way, however, the housing can be mainly made of plastic, so that it is easier and cheaper to manufacture.

Refinements of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims 2 to 8 and 10.

An embodiment of the invention is as follows explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a longitudinal section through a switchable ratchet wrench.

Fig. 2 shows a plan view of the ratchet wrench with the upper one removed

Metal 1 plate _s partially in section.

The reversible ratchet wrench contains a Housing 10 with a head part 12 and a handle part 14. In the head part 12 is a

tool couplable drive member 15 rotatably mounted. A ratchet wheel 18 is provided on the drive member 16. A locking piece 20 is in the housing 10 rotatably arranged between two end positions. The locking piece is in one end position shown in Fig.! and Fig. 2 shows the Rotational movement of the ratchet wheel 18 in a first direction, namely clockwise, can be blocked. In a second, opposite direction, namely counterclockwise, the ratchet wheel becomes 18 released by the locking piece 20. The ratchet 18 and the locking piece 20 are in the usual way Provided teeth, in each of the end positions Teeth of the locking piece 20 in the teeth of the ratchet wheel 18 intervene. You can see that in the illustrated End position of the locking piece 20 when the locking wheel 18 rotates relative to the housing in Clockwise the ratchet 18 and the locking piece 20 block each other. The lines of action-the Forces transmitted by the adjacent flanks of the teeth run essentially through the bearing shaft 22 of the locking piece 20. When the locking wheel 18 rotates in the opposite direction compared to the housing 10, however, the lock dodge piece 20. The lines of action of the the forces transmitted to the tooth flanks are essentially tangential to the bearing shaft of the Locking piece 20. It is the other way around in the other end position of the locking piece 20. Then that is

Ratchet wheel 18 in the second direction, that is, in the opposite direction

clockwise, lockable opposite the housing. The ratchet 18, however, is in the first Direction, i.e. clockwise, released.

ΐ A detent spring 24 is provided through which the locking piece 20 in a manner to be described in each case resiliently in one or the other End position is held. 5

Inside the housing 10 is a down in the Handle part 14 extending shift finger 26 is arranged, which engages with one end 28 of the locking piece and through which the locking piece 20 from the one can be pivoted into the other end position. Furthermore, a switching device 30 attached to the handle part 14 and acting on the shift finger is provided, by means of which the Locking piece 20 over the shift finger 26 from the one can be switched to the other end position.

The shift finger 26 can be pivoted between two positions within the housing 10, each of which assigned to an end division of the locking piece 20 are. The detent spring 24 engages the locking piece 20 facing away from the end 32 of the Schaltfincjers 26 and holds it resiliently in one or the other of the aforementioned positions. The switching device 30 contains a ver in the transverse direction of the handle part 14 slidably guided actuator 34.

The locking piece 20 is with the bearing shaft 22 to one The axis is rotatably mounted in the housing 10 and has a recess 36 on its circumference. The switch finger 26 protrudes with its end 28 into the recess 36 into it. The recess 36 has a triangular basic shape and two substantially perpendicular surfaces 38 and 40. The end face of the Shift finger 26 is in both positions each one of the two surfaces 38 or 40 resiliently.

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In the housing 10 is a longitudinal channel 42 with two longitudinal surfaces 44 and 45 parallel to one another are formed. The shift finger 26 has elongated rhombic Basic shape with four flat side surfaces 48, 50, 52 and 54. The shift finger 26 Is so arranged in the longitudinal channel 42 that in the one position, which is shown in Figure 2, a first pair of diametrically opposite side surfaces 48 and 52 on the longitudinal surfaces 44 or 46 of the longitudinal channel 42 is applied. In the other position, the second pair of diametrically opposed Side surfaces 54, 50 on the longitudinal surfaces 44 and 46 of the longitudinal channel 42.

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In an end face 56 of the longitudinal channel 42 on its end facing away from the head part 12 sits a ball 58 loaded by the detent spring 24. The longitudinal channel 42 is adjoined by a cylindrical or rectangular recess 60 with a smaller cross-section than the longitudinal channel. The detent spring 24 and the ball 58 sit in this recess 60. The detent spring 24 is pretensioned and tries to push the ball 58 out of the recess 60 in the direction of the head part 12. The end 32 of the shift finger 26 facing away from the locking piece 20 sits in each of the two positions between a surface of the ball 58 and a longitudinal surface, e.g. exerts on the shift finger 26. The ball 58 thus not only fixes the two locked positions of the shift finger 26, but also transmits an axial force to the shift finger 25 _S by which the locking piece 20 is resiliently held in engagement with the ratchet wheel 18. if

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the ratchet wheel 18 counterclockwise in Fig.2 rotates relative to the housing 10, then the teeth of the locking piece 20 against this spring force pressed out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel. This intervention is then immediate restored.

The actuator 34 is a perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal channel 42 in the handle part 14 guided, provided with a breakthrough 62 slide, the switch finger 26 protrudes with his ball-side end 32 through the breakthrough, being locked by the two Positions of the switching finger 26 at the same time two positions of the actuator 34 are determined. That In each of these positions, actuator 34 projects a little on one side or on the other the outer surface 64 or 66 of the handle part 14 in front. Switching is then carried out by pressing this protruding part of the actuator 34. The shift finger 26 is pivoted. The end of 32 presses the ball 28 against the action of the detent spring 24 into the recess 60 until the dead center is exceeded is. In FIG. 2, the actuator 34 would be pressed upwards, the shift finger 26 in the opposite direction pivoted clockwise so that the end 32 moves upwards. After the dead center has been exceeded the ball 58 rests against the lower surface of the shift finger 26 in FIG. The one on the ball acting spring force of the detent spring 24 then presses the shift finger 26 into the other position, in which the side surface 54 of the switching finger 26 rests on the longitudinal surface 44 of the longitudinal channel 42 and the side surface 50 on the longitudinal surface 46. During this pivoting movement, the locking piece 20 is in the

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Turned clockwise to the other end position, in which the teeth below the center line in Figure 2 mesh with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 18 come. Now the rotation of the ratchet 18 relative to the housing is counterclockwise blocked.

A particularly light and easy to manufacture housing 10 is obtained in that the housing

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a flat Kunststofftei1 68 lying with countertransference \ parallel plane surfaces 70 and 72 having and a pair of metal plate 74 and 76, which rest on them, plane surfaces 70 and 72 and are connected by fixing members, for example, clinch bolts 78 together and to the plastics part 68th The Metal 1 piatten 74 and 76 are preferably steel plates, which oc a material of high Verschleißf + i nl ^ ι nit XavctDlinn in A ήη τ h ν "ο η PKoncn Kiono-

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are stiff. The plastic part 1 68 has in the area of the drive member 16 has a circular opening 80, which is followed by a further opening 82. Subsequent to the further opening 82 is in one of the plane surfaces, namely the plane surface 70, of the plastic part 68 a longitudinal channel 42 forming recess is provided, which is covered by the metal plate 74. That Drive member 16 with the ratchet 18 sits in the circular breakthrough 80 and is mounted with bearing journals 84.8 € in the metal IpIatten 74 and 76. That Locking piece 20 sits in the further opening 82 and is also in the with its bearing shaft 22 Metal plates 74 and 76 rotatably mounted. Each of the Flat surfaces 70 and 72 are each formed by the bottom of a flat depression in the plastic part 68 formed, the dimensions of which are essentially

correspond to those of the associated metal plate 74 or, so that the metal 1 pl citten 74 and are held laterally by the edges 88 and 90 of the wells.

This results in a very light weight rigid and firm structure.

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22nd

summary

Reversible ratchet wrench

A reversible ratchet wrench contains a locking wheel 18. A locking piece 20 is in two end positions engages with ratchet wheel 18 and determines the direction of advance. The locking piece 20 is pivoted by a pivotable shift finger 26 extending into the handle part 14. Of the Shift finger 26 is via a ball 58 under the influence of a detent spring 24 and is so in one of held locked in two positions. An actuator 34 can be displaced transversely to the handle part 14. The shift finger 26 protrudes through this actuator 34 tmd can be switched by sliding the actuator 34 back and forth. The housing 10 also consists of a flat plastic part 68, which is sandwiched is arranged between two metal plates 74, in which ratchet 18 and locking piece 20 are rotatably mounted.

(Fig. 2)
30th

Claims (10)

.Patent claims 1. Reversible ratchet wrench, containing: (a) a housing (10) with a head part (12) and a handle part {14), (b) a drive member that can be coupled to a tool (15h dai in the head part (12)) is rotatably mounted, (c) e ^ n provided on the drive member (16) Ratchet wheel (18), (d) a rotatably arranged in the housing (10) between two end | ί positions Locking piece (20) through which in one end position the rotary movement of the ratchet wheel (18) in a first Direction with respect to the housing (10) can be blocked and in a second, opposite direction is released and 30th in the other end position the rotary movement of the ratchet wheel (18) in the second Direction with respect to the housing (10) can be blocked and in the first direction is released, (e) a Rastfedsr {24) through which the Locking piece (20) each resilient in one or the other tndstellusig is held (f) one located inside the housing (10) up to the handle part (14) extending shift finger i26), which with one end * n attacks the sparpiece (20) and through which the locking piece (20) from the one can be pivoted into the other end position is and (g) a switching device attached to the handle part (14) and engaging the shift finger (26) (30) through which the locking piece (20) over the shift finger (26) can be switched from one to the other end position, characterized in that (h) the switching finger (26) between two positions within the housing (10) is pivotable, each one end are assigned steepness of the locking piece (20), (i) the detent spring (24) on the locking piece (20) facing away from the end of the shift finger (26) attacks and this resiliently in one or the other of said Holds positions and 11 ice • ι i 17th (j) the switching device (30) in Transverse direction of the handle part (14) displaceably guided actuator (34) contains. 2. Reversible ratchet wrench according to claim 1 _; characterized ^ that (A) the locking piece (20) is rotatably mounted about an axis in the housing (10) and on its Has a recess. (36) and (b) the shift finger (26) with one end (28) protrudes into the recess (36). 3. Reversible ratchet wrench according to claim 2, characterized in that (A) the recess (36) has a triangular basic shape and two essentially together other vertical surfaces (38,40) forms and ) Q face of the switch finder {26} Ir the two positions at each of the both surfaces (38,40) rests resiliently. 4. Reversible ratchet wrench according to claim 3, characterized in that (a) in the housing (10) a longitudinal channel (42) with two parallel longitudinal surfaces (44,46) is formed, ·· tfti (b) the shift finger (28) elongated rhombic Basic shape with four flat side surfaces (48,50,52,54) and (c) is so arranged in the longitudinal channel (42), that in one position a first pair of diametrically opposed Side surfaces (48,52) and in the other position the second pair of each other diametrically opposite side surfaces (54,50) rests on the longitudinal surfaces (44,46) of the longitudinal channel (42). 5. Reversible ratchet wrench according to claim 4, characterized in that (A) in an end face (56) of the longitudinal channel (42) on its facing away from the head part (12) At the end of a ball (58) loaded by the detent spring 824) sits and (b) the locking piece (20) facing away from the end of the shift finger (28) in each of the two Stsllun ⁿ sii dsrsrt zwisches a flax the ball (58) and a longitudinal surface (44 or 46) of the longitudinal channel (52) sits so that the detent spring (24) over the ball (58) exerts a force directed towards the locking piece (20) on the shift finger (26). 6. Reversible ratchet wrench according to claim 4, characterized in that £ (A) the actuator (34) a perpendicular to Longitudinal direction of the longitudinal channel (42) guided in the handle part (14), with an opening (62) provided slide is. • »J I * ™ 1 (b) the shift finger (28) with its spherical lateral end (32) protrudes through the opening (62), whereby through the two ϊ locked positions of the shift finger (28) at the same time two positions of Stell member (34) are determined, and (c) the actuator (34) in each of these positions a little on the one or on the other hand over the outer surface (64,66) of the handle part. (14) protrudes. 7. Reversible ratchet wrench according to claim 3, characterized in that 15th (A) the housing (10) has a flat plastic part (68) with opposite, parallel Has planar surfaces (70,72) and (b) a pair of metal plates (74,76) which these plenums (70,72) rest and by fastening members (78) to one another and connected to the plastic part (68) ei nrf ^ 25th 8. Reversible ratchet wrench according to claim 7, characterized in that (A) the Kunststofftsil {68) in the area of the Drive member (16) a circular Has breakthrough (80), which is followed by a further breakthrough (8Z), (b) following the further breakthrough (82) in one of the plane surfaces (70) of the Plastic part (68) a Länaskanal (42) forming recess is provided, which through one of the wetall plates (74) is covered, (c) the drive member (16) with the ratchet wheel (18) sits in the circular opening (82) and with bearing pins (84,86) in the Meta'Ilplatten (74,76) is stored and (D) the locking piece (20) is seated in the further opening (82) and. also in the Metal plates (74,76) rotatably mounted is. 9. Ratchet wrench, containing: (a) a housing (10) _s (b) a drive member which can be coupled to a tool (16), which is in the housing (10) is rotatably mounted, (c) a ratchet wheel (18) provided on the drive member (16) and (D) a rotatably arranged in the housing (10)., by a detent spring (24) loaded locking piece {20), through which the Rotational movement of the ratchet wheel (18) can be blocked in a first direction and in a second direction is released, characterized in that (e) the housing (10) is a flat plastic part (68) with opposite parallels Has planar surfaces (70,72) and ICt · ■ t , Λ * € * »W * * «It **« · C t t 21 (f) a pair of plates made from a highly wear-resistant material, in particular metal plates (74,76), on these Lay flat surfaces (70, 72) and go through Fastening members (78) to each other and connected to the plastic part (68) are. 10. ratchet wrench according to claim 9, characterized in that (a) Each of the flat surfaces (70, 72) each from the bottom of a flat depression of the Plastic part (68) is formed, the Dimensions essentially those of the corresponding metal plate (74,76) so that the metal plates (74,76) are held laterally by the edges (88,90) of the depressions, (b) the plastic part (68) openings (80, 82) and recesses (42, 60) for receiving a ratchet mechanism and (c) the drive member (16) with the ratchet wheel (18) and the locking piece (20) are mounted in the metal plate (74,76).