DE848913C - Photographic typesetting machine - Google Patents

Description

Photographic typesetting machine The present invention relates to one Typesetting machine with adjusted T @ -pen, which photographic means for printing used.

The invention is presented element by element for ease of understanding described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. I is a schematic of the overall arrangement; Fig. 2 shows the registration device; Figures 3 and 4 show the carriage carrying the film; Figures 5 to 9 show the variable circuit; Fig. 10 shows the decryption device; Fig. Ii is an overall schematic of the electrical circuits; 12 and 13 show circuits with two stable positions (flip-flop); I_ + and i 3 represent counting circuits; FIGS. 16 to 21 show in detail that of FIGS. ii corresponding circuits (Fig. 18 particularly shows the correcting device); Fig. 22 is a diagram of the operation of the cams; Figures 23 to 2; show a mechanical counter; Figs. 26 to 29 show a modification of the deciphering device; Figs. 30 to 32 show modifications of the adjusting devices; Fig. 33 is a composition diagram of Figs. 116 to 21; Figs. 34 to 317 show a modification of the pliotographic device.

With reference to FIG. 1, the machine described by way of example comprises a keyboard CL associated with a typewriter, which at the same time produces an easily readable copy on which the operator can read and make corrections, a registration device ENR, two counters CPi and CP2, an adjusting device JUS, a film carrying carriage CHA, a deciphering device DEC, and a photographic device PH.

The keyboard CL is provided with selector rods C.11 (also called code rods or permutation rods) of the type used in remote printers. When a key on the keyboard is depressed, one or more of these selector rods are operated according to a code similar to that used in B.audottelegraphie. In the example described, a code with seven elements corresponding to seven selector rods is used, which means 27, i. 1i. 128 different combinations can result, which is more than enough.

Each type is identified by a combination of this code, and the permutation rods transmit the combinations to a preferably mechanical registration device, which it registers in accordance with the attack.

The writing part of the registration device is through the carriage driven by the typewriter, so that in the case of a correction one is like with a ordinary typewriter can proceed because the tracing back of the erroneous Type brings the writing element and an erasing device to the stop position in place which can be actuated to put the registration device on Traced back to zero. The operator then suggests the correct type in place of the deleted type.

'The registration device is used simultaneously for the stop and the control of the pressure by means of an independent scanner is used.

To adjust the lines, the so-called exclusion, ie to increase the distance between the words so that the right edge is aligned, it is necessary to measure the line length and count the number of adjustable spaces. For this purpose, the width of the various types is expressed as a function of an arbitrary unit of length, and a counter UP adds up these widths during the stroke. A second counter CP2 counts the number of adjustable spaces. These two counters are associated with the jogging device JUS when the keyboard is struck and for a brief moment for the end of the line, which determines the adjustment increment to be added to each gap during the printout.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the width of the types is by defines a certain number of the elements of the registration code, e.g. 13. through the four first in binary numbering. Four elements allow the identification of sixteen different widths between o and i 5, which is practically sufficient.

When the operator has finished transcribing a line, the reading device is assigned to the registration device of the photographic device and iron latitude translator TL . The photographic apparatus has a disk or drum which supports the type dies and rotates continuously. A decryption device (DEC) controlled by the registration device causes an extremely short flash of light to be generated at the appropriate moment, which pliotographs the tape selected on the film carried by the CHA slide. The carriage carrying the film then advances under the control of the width translator T (tim a distance equal to the width of the type.

1) The length of the adjustable spaces is determined by the adjustment device; g Jl'S chosen.

Assume that I is the desired adjustment (in the chosen unit of length). When the sentence is finished, the addition of the individual widths of the types (increased by the minimum width of the adjustable spaces) results in a value that z. B. is 1) smaller than 1, so that the spaces must be increased by dividing D among them, but on the condition that each space is only by an integer of. Units can be increased (this condition arises from the mode of operation of the film carrier carriage, which for mechanical reasons can only advance by an integer number of units). If N is the number of spaces, the ratio D: 1N will generally not be an integer. The distribution of the D units to the N spaces is done by adding a certain number of Q units to a first group of spaces and Q + i units to a second group of spaces. The luster mechanism includes the counter in which the length of the unadjusted line was registered and to which the number of spaces is added a certain number of times in a row. The counter registers the following total values one after the other: J - D (unadjusted line) I - D + N (first allowance) ID + 2: V (second allowance) and so on. These surcharges are repeated until the total reaches or exceeds the \ Vert 1 determined for the adjusted line. At that moment a mechanism is activated to distribute the units at the gaps.

A feature of the invention is the use of the binary counting system. As is well known, this counting system has only two numbers o and i, so that the consecutive whole numbers are represented by o, i, 1o, 11, ioo etc. (corresponding to o, i, 2, 3,, I etc. in the decimal system) . The binary system is preferable for a number of reasons: initially it only requires relays or changeover switches with two positions, namely the tightened collar and the rest position, or an either open or closed circuit that only fulfills the conditions yes or no or o or i represents. Another Advantage is formed (lunch the police force, class S, th- tractions easier than in the other systems. gen (tiunieti can be. Subtractions are for slic l @ erichtignngen required and can in the ttin; iren system by rushing extremely simple l'tnl <elirverfaliren be vorgcnt @ mnnen. Another feature of the invention bertilit in your photographic typesetting system, which equips the filin with great precision the mild vain perform a quick movement Type ztt, whereby this accuracy is independent depending on the changes in the gegetiseiteett Stellti »g, the guy on the one who carries the matrices Schcibelist. Another feature of the invention is through an automatic correction system is given, «-Which permitted, vain on a registered line Type of a certain width through a type of a to replace another width without affecting the adjustment to act, and at the same time mechanically on the Registration device that is to be replaced or removed to delete the type to be separated. Further l \ -eiulzeiclien and ( iegettstüu <le of the E_rlin- Use the text and the figures. The registration shown in Fig. 2 and 18 direction is hurried registration device finite you saw l: lemciiteii. l. are therefore to 1Zeg @ str @ e- rul ) vain row as many rows full seven Pens required as types are shown in a line can be tied, e.g. 13. 9o. each of these pens can have two positions, namely a forward Closed position or resting ring and one impressed position or working position. the The registration device is divided into three parts become: the pen field EB, the hammer group E111 and the scanning carriage EX. The pen field includes two groups of seven herons. By s s chieburig this field iii perpendicular direction to Z, the two consecutive rows of pinest The dividing route is assigned to one of these groups of seven rows of pins the hammers and the other the scanning device too. That way you can the editor register a vain line, while reilll the previously typed line is photographed. 1) a # `tiftfehl I: / ' indicates two by bracing i 12 (: linked side plates iooE and 110i I ' on. These side plates are provided with openings Seliell in which the pins Bi. . . B7 slide could. These pins can be in two positions take, niinilich a rest position I31 'and a Working position B1. For greater clarity is the drawing is a vain pen-grater for me shown, but there are actually so many rows of fourteen pens available, such as Tpen or Characters can appear on a line. ' The two ; follow the pins in a horizontal direction Separating -1? iitferiiting is equal to the step the `clircil 'nascltine. \ -c111 den is the drawing shown fourteen? iii pin test, seven work with the typewriter together, nänilicli B1 ', B.', B3 ', B1', B5 ', B6', B7 ', and seven (Bi... B7) with the Ahtastschlitten and the photographing direction. Daiik this arrangement it is possible. zti typing a line while the previous one is photographed with a least Number of elements. When a key on the typewriter is pressed is pressed, a certain number of pins according to the number assigned to this letter Code combination pressed. In the case of the Chin there are pins B2 ', B4', B5 'and B7' in their Arlyeitsstellung, ie that of the letter corresponding combination is 1-4-6-j, which is in your described example corresponds to the asterisk speaks (see Fig. 1o). The pins are through between the two side plates rioL, and iii E sliding hammers 1111. . . 317 pressed in. These are normally not shown by put the springs back to their rest position- gez @> gcn. I), this Hanisner arrangement is essential On the side of your slide is the writing ttimaschine attached so it inevitably all \ -creating this sled follows. If the slide of the typewriter adjusted, brings he so one after the other the hammers in front of each of the right rows of pens. The hammers will through flaps RPi. . . RP7 actuated. These flaps pivot under the actuation by the 'I.' keyboard of the typewriter assigned voter rods C._lI (Fig. 18). When a key on the keyboard tur is depressed, the corresponding to the code of the of the desired character. i; itigt tuid press the pins hastily. lii Fig.2 are the control flaps RP2, RP4, RP6 and RP7 in your position shown. The control These flaps can be operated electrically or mechanically follow. Close in the case of an electrical control the voter rods shut the circuit off Electric riveting RPE1, RPE2. . . RPE7 (Fig. 18), which the pivoting of the flaps RI i ... RI'7 cause. When the operator finishes the line has typed, she adjusts the pen field in the perpendicular right @helic 1, ings of guides 113E. This The pin field can assume two positions, namely hurried with (right and an upper position. If Fig. 2 is it is found in the upper position, i.e. 1i. the un- straight rows of pins (from above from b'1... B7 recliltet) to which the previous line has been registered, are geordtict, while the straight rows of pins (B1 '... 137') are assigned to the hammers. In Fig. 2 the pins B1, B4 and B5 of the un- just (they are called during the writing of the itergclielrdeu line pressed, whereby this combination nation in your described embodiment cIeni character o (see Fig. 1o) corresponds. The for Determination of the registered combination Correct organs or buttons are at P1. . . P8, d ar, 'posed. They can be pivoted about axes 103E. These axes are attached to a base plate 104i: 1> strengthened arms 115E carried. These Base plate iodE slides in angle iron 105E and It is pulled down by a spring (not shown) pressed. To find the combination the plate 1o41: by means of the electrical magnet PLP (Fig. 18) controlled swivel flap io9E (Fig. 2) raised. The tactile organs are thus pressed upwards, and those who encounter pressed-in pins on their way pivot clockwise and counterclockwise and close the contacts C1 assigned to them. . . C8. These contacts are what control the imprint of the corresponding type, as will be explained in detail below. The scanning carriage EX is provided with rollers 107E running on rails 108 E and with a switching mechanism of the type customary for the carriages of typewriters, which is controlled by an electromagnet EX P. After they have been scanned in this way, the pins are pushed back into their rest position by a pivotable vertical bar, not shown. The pins are held in place by friction springs.

Although the scanning carriage EX (FIG. 18) and the overall arrangement of the hammers Elll have been shown opposite one another to simplify the figure, they are adjusted completely independently of one another. EM is controlled by the keyboard while EX is operated by the photographic equipment.

The slide and its controls. 3 shows a partial section the driving mechanism of the photosensitive film carrying carriage, and Fig. 4 is a side view of the carriage proper.

The photosensitive film goes from a dispensing magazine to one Receiving magazines, which are not shown and of an immovable organ or a movable carriage, which, however, preferably not is rigidly connected to the actual slide shown (Fig. 3 and 4). The independence between these two organs is established through one through the film sufficiently long loose loop formed. When he left the Delivery magazine makes the film a loop, then runs over the delivery roller i F, then under the pressure roller 3 F, then under the output roller 2 F and returns to the receiving magazine return.

The adjustments of the slide are self-locking Screw relatively 'small pitch 17F determined, the rotation of which is determined by the variable incremental switching described below is controlled. The wheel 37 F (Fig. 5 to 9) of the variable progression rotates after each night printing of a type by an angle determined by the width of this type. .This bike is with a disengageable gear 19F (Fig. 3) in engagement, which in turn with a gear 2oF is in engagement, which on the worm 17F carrying Shaft 29F is splinted. Tapered roller bearings 21F and 22F prevent longitudinal movement the We11e29F, so that its rotation results in a feed motion to the slide thanks to a nut E. issued in the direction of arrow F.

In order to achieve a constant distance between the types must the movements of the slide with great accuracy, of the order of magnitude of o, oi mm. To obtain this accuracy, the margin must be balanced which is obtained with the help of two springs, which are also used to to retract the slide after a complete line has been printed. One of these springs is the spring 23 F provided with a spring housing (Fig. 4), which acts on the carriage via the metal wire 24F and this carriage retract in the opposite direction to normal adjustment seeks. The other spring acts on the worm by means of a metal wire 25 F 17 F and looks for it in the opposite direction to its normal direction of rotation to turn.

Each time a type has been photographed, it changes Sled in a relatively short time to a variable distance what triggers significant inertia. To achieve the necessary accuracy is It is necessary, for the most part, to do so through the process of setting the slide to absorb impacts. An elastic device is provided for this, which is formed by a ring 26F sliding in the frame of the machine can and the conical roller bearing 22F carries, this ring by a strong Spring 27F is held in place, the tension of which by acting on a Part screwed into the frame: z8 F can be regulated.

When the variable progression ends its movement, the wheel 3.7 F (Fig. 5 to 9) suddenly comes to a standstill and, due to its inertia, the carriage has the tendency to continue its movement, whereby a displacement force is exerted on the worm 17 F and the wave 29F is exerted. This force is noticeable at the thrust bearing I22 F through a shock which is transmitted to this bearing through a shoulder 3o F of the shaft 29 F and then to the ring 26F, which moves very little under compression of the spring 27F.

When a line is completely photographed, the solenoid becomes I_) EB excited. Despite the counteraction of the spring 31 F, this electromagnet pulls his with the gear 19F rigidly connected plunger 32F, so that the gear on a rod 33 F attached to the frame of the machine slides; it so comes from that Gear 37F is free, but remains in mesh with gear zoF. As soon as the gear 19F has come free from the wheel 3 ', 7F, the actuating the metal wire a5 F causes Spring the rotation of the worm 17F in the opposite direction to the normal direction of rotation Direction whereby the carriage is withdrawn to make the imprint of the following Allow line.

In normal operation, the gear 19F with the gear 37F by void rod 34 F held in engagement, which slides freely in a fixed core 35 F and is constantly exposed to the pressure of an adjustable spring 36F. the Disc MP is used for precise setting; of the slide as shown below is.

It is now with reference to Fig. 5, an improved mechanism for variably Fort circuit for controlling the feed of the 'described 1 to 9 ilniträgerschlittens.

This variable progression has a gearwheel 37F, which meshes with gearwheel 91, which actuates the rotation of the worm 17 for advancing the slide. This wheel advances by a number of teeth, which depends on the width of the currently shown type at>, under the actuation of a star-shaped part 38F, the adjustment of which is limited by tees 4i F, the number of which is equal to the number the desired different feed rates. The star 38F is also provided with a sector gear 39F, which has the same axis as the wheel 37 F and the star 38 F and can come into engagement with a gearwheel 40F.

The translator TL of the machine first sets a stop 41 F to the appropriate point, e.g. B. by means of an electromagnet, not shown. The main electromagnet 42 F is then energized and an actuating rod 43 F is attracted. This rod is provided with two stops 44F and 45 F and passes through an opening which is made in the extension 46F of a lever of a claw 47J #; this lever is pivotable about an axis 48F. At the beginning of the adjustment of the rod 43 F, a spring 49F presses the lever of the claw 47F in such a way that it keeps it pressed against the stop 44 F, and the teeth of the claw engage the teeth of the wheel 37 F and hold it firmly .

The rod 43F continues to move and the stop 50 F pushes on the extension of the holder 511F of the gear 4oF (Fig. 6); this holder pivots around its axis 52F and freed "read" gear 4o F from gear 37 F. The gear 40 F then comes into engagement with the teeth of a stop 53F, which it in holds on to his position.

At the same time the star 38F, whose tooth sector 39F with the gear 4oF engaged, freed and disfigured under the action of a non The spring shown in the direction of the rain clockwise until one of its legs hits the stop 411 '(Fig. 71 hits. At this point the rod .13 F has finished its stroke, and the stop 45 F, holds the claw 47 F, which in turn the gear 37F holds on. The pawl 5.1F. which is normally inserted into the teeth by a spring 55F of the wheel 37F is pressed and while the rotation of this star has been lifted, falls into a pays düs IZa (les 37F and prevents any rebound of the Star.

A damper; 6F is normally pushed back by the extension 57F of the star. If this star rotates, this Dümpfer pivots under the influence of a spring 59F about the axis 38 F Lind strikes against a Anschlagteil6oF on. 'The mechanism remains in this position !. until the Elel; troinagnet 42F (Fig. 5) releases. At this moment the rod 43 F moves back under the action of the spring 61 F (Fig. 8). When this backward movement is detected, the part 32F of the stop 50 F hits the extension 63; F of the part 51 F and causes this part to tilt; The gear 4oF carried by this meshes simultaneously with (read gear 37F and in the tooth sector 39F of the star., Part 62F slides under the extension 63 F and thus holds gear 4o F in engagement.

Continuing its backward movement, the rod 43F releases the pawl 47F, the teeth of which protrude from the teeth of the wheel 37F (FIG. 9). At this moment this wheel, which is under the action of the main spring (not shown) of the carriage, rotates clockwise and takes the star 38F into position until its extension 57F hits the stop part 56F. The gearwheel 3i7 F and the star 38F do indeed move at the same time, since they are both in mesh with the gearwheel yoF. At 1% door opening, the extension 5.7, F gives off part of its kinetic energy to the damper 56F, which assumes the position 56'F as a result of the impact. A fairly strong spring is also provided in the stop member 64F to reduce the force of the shock. The purpose of this deciphering device is to generate, at the moment the selected type passes through the optical axis, a comparatively broad pulse which acts on an electronic window tube and allows the photoelectric pulse corresponding to the position of the selected type to pass through. This deciphering device is formed by a cylinder with seven rows of insulating and conductive parts on which seven brushes Bal . ,. Grind Ba7 (Fig. 10).

The combinations of insulating and conductive parts along a generatrix of the cylinder correspond to the code combinations of the various types to be reproduced, as FIG. 10 shows, on which a developed encryption cylinder is shown schematically. each of the brushes Ba is, on the other hand, connected to a contact of the relays Ti to T7 (Fig. 17) which, under the control of the recorder, is open or closed according to the code of the type under consideration, as stated above, this code being the same as that the combinations of the insulating and conductive parts of the decryption cylinder.

To facilitate understanding of the operation of the deciphering device, this operation will be described for a particular example, assuming that the letter t is to be reproduced, which in the arrangement shown in FIG of the cylinder occupies. The figure shows that the combination corresponding to this letter is 1 = 35. d. 1i. that when the generating line 27 of the j Zvlin (1er, which moves in the direction S, passes the brushes BA, only the brushes Bal, Ba., Bai and Ba. rub on conductive parts of the cylinder.

Assuming that the contacts t1, t2, '3 and t. are opened by actuation of the corresponding relays, the observation of Fig. 10 shows that, while the cylinder passes the brushes from position o to position 27, at least one of the brushes BA at a given moment with a conductive part is in contact. As a result, that of the body closure 11! the deciphering device to the common point H (Fig. io) running circuit is always closed. On the other hand, this circuit is opened when the brushes move to position 27 . Indeed, at this moment the combination of the open contacts is exactly the same as that of the conductive parts of the deciphering device. The circuit thus remains open for the duration of the passage of the brushes on the row 27, and this interruption is used, as will be shown below, to pass the photoelectric actuation which occurs at the precise moment of the passage of the letter carried by the disc D t is triggered in front of the photocell; this pulse can thus cause the flash tube to respond and produce the desired type of photographic print on the film.

blan recognizes that combinations are possible for further rows of the deciphering device, which open the mentioned circuit again; so you can see in the example chosen that this circuit is opened when the generators 39, 50, 53, 58, 63, 65, 70, 75, 76, 79, 81 and 8.2 under the brush BA . In order to prevent the types corresponding to these generators from also being photographed when the letter t is desired, a feature of the invention provides a device which allows the flash tube to operate only once for a full revolution of the deciphering device, so that the trigger impulses following the correct impulse have no effect.

Line counter. The keys of the typewriter operate the selector rods which close their contacts according to the code assigned to the various characters. Only the four first contacts are considered here, which characterize the width of the characters. These four first contacts are connected to four inputs of the binary counter. It is clear that these four inputs must be able to work at the same time, since the contacts of the \ @ 'ä''hlerstangett are made simultaneously. The result of adding these numbers The counter registers so-called memory relays or binary relays or combinations of relays These relays have two stable positions and change from one position to the other when energized and then interrupted and remain in this position. For this reason it is also called flip-flop. Fig. 14 shows an embodiment which uses a step switch mechanism, as is customary in telephony. This switch mechanism has a pawl 44 and a ratchet wheel 46. When the electromagnet 48 is energized, pulls the armature 5o the clincher back against the action of a spring 54 backwards, and when the current is interrupted, the ratchet wheel leaves the contact disc 54 by one n step forward. A brush 56 makes permanent contact with the disc in the vicinity of its center, while another brush 58 touches vain metal part in the positions in which the circuit is closed and an insulating part for the positions in which the circuit is open. It follows that the circuit is closed with every second energization of the electromagnet 48. An auxiliary winding 6o can be provided for a purpose explained below.

Fig. 15 shows a flip-flop circuit which gives the same results delivers, but normal telephone relays in place of the more expensive step-by-step switches used. When the earth line is established via the button S in FIG. 15, flows the current through relay 62 and a series connected winding of the relay 64; however, a single winding of 64 is closed for actuation of relay 64 weak (the term actuation is used here to refer to the working of the anchor of the To designate relay). As a result, relay 62 operates alone. NN'enn the 'haste is opened, the second winding of 64 is energized, which during the pulse lay on both sides of the earth. These two windings of 64 and the winding of 62 remain energized and the two anchors are tightened. If the button a second Time is closed, the two ends of the winding of 62 are connected to earth, and it lets go, but 64 remains actuated by its halle winding (this relay has the well-known type of double winding relay in which one only winding is unable to operate the relay as it operates keep coming, once it has addressed).

When the S key is opened, release 64, and (read work cycle can repeat itself. The Kottakte 66 actuated by the relay 64 can be in vain external circuit can be used. This means that contacts close every second Pressing the button S and consequently work exactly like the brushes 56-5 the hi->. t4.

If we now consider a binary relay of a given level, so it is clear that if it receives any momentum it must work, and that it does so -. # n Impulse to the next stage - must be passed on, if it is already activated in its Position or position t is. and that they do not pass this restraint pulse on may if it is in its position o. However, if one stage at the same time Receives a lower level restraint pulse and an instantaneous pulse. She must not work, but must be reduced to the next one Transfer stage, namely uiialaliäilgiz; from the position in w-elchcr -ic was initially.

Fig. 1 shows one of these conditions cooler. F.r comprises as many flip-flop circuits as there are stages These circuits are shown at X1, X2, X3, X4, X5 and can be used in the dashed frame of Fig. ii or i; shown design aufwei # eii. Any flip-flop circuit is provided with contacts. which are closed when the FlilrFlop-Stromlcreis is in position t. and open when he is in the position of o letln <let. The contacts are shown at 66. Such simple closing contacts on the Flip-Flol> -Stroml <rice would be sufficient if the single in the various Stages would not take place simultaneously, but one after the other.

\\ a flip-flop stroke circle entails a retention potential from the previous level and an immediate work potential of its own level it is not very practical to work this flop-stronii rice twice allow. A faster, more practical method is to get the job done of the flip-flop circuit of a stage in which there is a double input, to prevent and to let him send a retention potential to the higher level. The circuit of Fig. 12 fulfills these conditions. All levels are the same with the exception of the first, which of course cannot receive any retention potential. , Each stage is provided with hold-back relays R2, R3, etc. These relays have two opposite windings and work if any of their \ @ "ickltiugell If you are excited while you are at rest, the two windings w-eltll at the same time get excited. The entrance to the first stage is through a Dralit 67 finite a contact (which is represented by the key El), this conductor directly with Xi as well as with a dtr contacts 66 is connected. .1? In restraint ladder 6S rings of the contact part 66 \ or 11 zti one \ Vicklunä full R2. The input wire 69 the second stage gells through contact X2 to the second winding full R3 and also through a rectifier 7 0 and a Dralit 7 t to your contact 66 (but not to the flip-flop circuit X2 itself). A second rectifier; 2 is between wires 68 and 7 1 turned on.

The working contacts 73 of the relay E2 are hasty by Dralit 7.4 connected to X.> while its normally closed contacts; 3 with your input wire 69 its own stage and connected to a return wire 76 extending from the contact 66 of X2 leads to a \ Vicklung of R'3.

The third level and the following levels are a simple repetition the second stage.

1's;, t zii note that the counter of FIG. 15 has the advantage that a restraint impulse is transmitted through all stages that come into question, without requiring the relay to respond. If z. B. the three flip-flop circuits X1, X2, X.t are in position i (which is iii in the two system or 7 in (corresponds to a decimal system), the closure of KI sends a backlash: alteimpul_ directly through 66 from X1, rectifier 72, wire 71, contacts 66 and wire 76 of the second stage and through exactly like connections of the third Level immediately to the fourth level. The flip-flop relays d: r first three stages go together into the position. The relay E is provided for the 1,! i>) flop circuits not to allow all of the restraint relays to be in their correct position to have. In this example, the end result is iooo, namely the sum of i i i and i in the binary system.

It is now z. B. considered the second stage. With a simple one Input either from the first stage through (partially closed contact position i of the flip-flop circuit Xi or from a potential applied by the K key comes, the relay R2 works, since only one of its windings is excited. Its normally open contact causes the flip-flop circuit to respond X2. If the flip-flop current X2 is in position 1, this will be Transfer the work potential to the relay R3 of the following stage and so on.

If, on the other hand, there are two simultaneous inputs, namely a retention the first stage, which of K1 and the contact 66 of the flip-flop circuit X1 (in position i), and on the other hand an immediate potential through the Button K, the second stage, the relay K2 does not work because its two windings are excited, and the potential is due to the normally closed contact of the at rest Transfer relay 1i2 to relay R3 of the following stage.

. Fig. 1 3 shows another embodiment, hei wherein the selector rods, the input relay Cl, C "C3, C4, C5 actuate In this embodiment, the retaining relay R2 has a single winding, the other retaining relay have two \\ -. Ents and talk to, when one or the other or both are energized The connections will not be described in detail since the operation is clear from the drawing from the above explanations, supposing, for example, that the flip-flop circuit is X1 is in position i and that the relays Cl and C2 are actuated by the permutation rods. The circuit X1 is actuated by Cl and the relay R2 responds; the potential given by the normally open contact of R2 is not applied to the binary relay X2 but is transferred through the changeover contact full C2 to the relay R3, which responds through its first winding, through a normally open contact of R2 and the normally closed contact of the changeover When C3 is in the idle position, X3 is excited. Rectifiers are provided to prevent undesired response of the relays of the lower stages zti. It can thus be seen that the Rückhaltereiais can be operated in two ways, either when the preceding flip-flop circuit transmits a retaining potential or when the preceding retaining relay is operated and an immediate input is made at the same time. The relay E of FIG. 13 has the same function as the corresponding relay of FIG. 12.

`` 'If one wishes to make a subtraction, e.g. B. in the case of one In error, it is sufficient to reverse the position of all flip-flop circuits, the one to be withdrawn Add number and reverse all flip flop circuits a second time. this can easily be done with stepping mechanisms of the type shown in FIG it is sufficient. to excite an auxiliary winding for this purpose. Through the simultaneous excitation of all these auxiliary windings becomes the position of all Stepper reversed. The subtraction in the case of flip-flop circuits using simple telephone relays is done in a similar manner and will be discussed later in the course explained in the description.

Overall scheme of the electrical circuits. The circuits are with reference to the overall scheme of FIGS. The one through the rectangle The apparatus shown at the bottom left in FIG. i i includes a typewriter a keyboard and the selector rods operated by the keys and the registration device, which is used to register the code combinations corresponding to the characters is. The system preferably has a registration device in which the already registered code combination while typing the following line the keyboard read, deciphered, on the flash photography device and transferred to the variable holding device of the film carrier carriage can be. According to a common technique, the widths of the various types a given font in terms of a common unit. For a typical font, e.g. B. the width of i and 1 five units, those of f and j six, those of a, g and the numbers nine, those of b, h, n and s ten, those of J, F and L twelve and those of M, H and W fifteen. Furthermore, the smallest gap given an arbitrary value between the words, e.g. B. be four units can.

By depressing the key corresponding to a letter, the registration device is operated and registers the corresponding code. At the same time, each time a letter is hit, its width is transferred to the line counter 12. For this purpose, four conductors connect the rectangle ic with the rectangle 12 (Fig. Ii). It can be seen from the above that twelve different widths between four units (smallest distance) and the width of the letter W (fifteen units) are generally sufficient for all possible fonts. Four wires 1.4 are sufficient for this, since inan with four wires 24 = 16 different combinations are obtained, although a larger number of wires could be used if a larger number of width values is desired. Depressing the space key .S'1 'adds four units to the line digit and also one unit to the distance or space counter C, so the line counter reads the number of units since the beginning of the line and the distance counter the number of adjustable spaces collects. For this purpose, a connection connects a contact actuated by the typewriter's distance key to the counter C1.

Except for the wires connecting the selector rods to the line counter 14, a conductor 20 is excited by a so-called universal contact of the typewriter, which works when any key is pressed and its purpose will become clear later.

At the end of the writing of a line, the operator reads it and actuates, if it finds the line correctly, the send key 22, which starts the run of the adjustment mechanism and then automatically causes the impression. It is now briefly describes the adjustment.

Let J be the desired function expressed in the selected unit of length and I_ the sum of all widths of the various types and the smallest adjustable space as recorded in the recorder. The deficit of the line is D, where JL = D. The adjustment the purpose of dividing the deficit D over the adjustable spaces so that the length of the line is brought from L to J exactly.

If N is the number of adjustable spaces, the following relationship between N and D is obtained: D = NQ + R, (1) where Q is the whole part of the quotient of N and D and R - the remainder. When you add the amount to every space would add, it would be necessary that the slide could translate any fraction of the unit. Such devices have the disadvantage that their regulation is delicate and that the errors add up. In the case of variable switching devices, on the other hand, which only adjust by a whole number of units, the errors do not add up. To take advantage of this type of variable circuitry for the film carrier carriage, the adjuster adds Q units to the NR first spaces and Q + i units to the R last. The number of units added in this way is then (N - R) Q -i- R (Q -h- 1) = 1 'Q -I- R = D. (2) The operation of the adjusting device will be described with reference to a numerical example. Assume that D is 41 (that is, the line is forty-one units too short) and that the number of spaces _N- is 12 (line of thirteen words).

The number N is sent to the counter 1, 2 several times in succession. Read happens through the five conductors 23, which connect the distance counter Cl with (learn line counter 12. In the example chosen, the deficit D is consequently from 41 to 29, then to 17 and decreased to 5. On the fourth addition, the capacity of the counter is exceeded (by seven units in your chosen example) The number of times N in (to make the counter tilt is equal to Q + 1. If you write down the general equation (2) from scratch and underneath the values of the numerical example, you get: ( N -R) Q + R (Q + i) = NQ + R = D. (7 X 3) + (5 X 4) = 12 x 3 + 5 = 41 The remainder switch PR is connected to the counter 12 by a group of five conductors 24. The counter gives, as already selected, in this: \ ttgenlilick 7 all (or in general NR This JY-R value is transmitted through wires 24 to control the setting of toggle switch PR.

A so-called zone switch SZ is also provided, which is connected to the gap counter Cl by a conductor 25. This zone switch first registers the number Q, which is to be added to the first _ \ - R spaces. In the example described, the .SZ switch selects an addition of three units to be added to the first seven spaces. A conductor 2, 6 connects the residual switch PR with the zone switch .SZ, passes on an impulse through the same PR to.S7 - if it has been used up by a feed of! VR steps NH. In other words, if the advance of the slide in i: \ omentblick des - \ b (irticks is working, the residual switch PR advances one step towards its rest position for each adjustable gap uni the _ \ - R first spaces do Q increased -, the pulse emitted by PR causes the switch S'Z to advance from zone Q to Q-1- i, thereby increasing the R remaining spaces tini Q + i units . (in (lein example chosen must PR make fell steps to lttiltestelltitig to arrive in his, and then switches the zone switch from three to four units for the five remaining intermediate time now is back on (las diagram of FIG. ii 1> eztig gellomlllell. 1) The rectangle 29 represents the Ilt-eiten @ ilxrsetzer, signal translator and repeater. This rectangle 28 is connected with io by two groups of wires, which by a group 30 full of four wide display lines and a l; group3a formed by three ladders to .ltiswalil of types in the same width. These conductors are energized by the registration mechanism's reading mechanism. The four wires 3o are used to select the width of the type and to ensure that the variable progression works correctly. The three wires 32 select the desired type among those of the same width. The types b and h have z. B. the same width, so that the wires 30 transmit the same signals for these two. The wires 3, 2, however, send different pulses. If there are no more than eight types of the same width, the three wires 32 will suffice. In fact, most fonts have more than eight types of each width. This can be taken into account by increasing the number of wires 32. Such additional conductors are not necessary, however, because the wires 30 are not fully utilized and certain unused widths can be allocated to others, as will be explained below. From the width translator 28 a cable of twelve conductors 34 goes to the variable increment 36. These pulses of the wires 30 and 32 are also transmitted through a signal translator and repeater through seven wires to the photographic unit 40, in which the selected type at the moment is illuminated in which she walks through the photographing position to cast an image on the film.

The zone selector SZ is connected to the rectangle 36 by seventeen wires 42 tied together. If a gap signal appears in wires 30 and 32, then will the lightning circuit is not actuated, but a signal is generated by the signal translator sent through a wire 43 in the zone selector SZ. The width of the gap will be determined by the position of the zone selector, and a signal is generated by one of the Wires 42 transmitted to the variable increment. The minimum width of a adjustable gap is four units, and since it is practically none Width can be over 18, the wires 42 are sufficient. The spaces between o,>, 2 and 3 units are not used and these values remain for adjustment reserved between types, as will be explained later. In your chosen example the zone selector gives the first seven "spaces" through the variable circuit an adjustment increase of three units and the last five an increase of four Units so that the width of the seven first spaces is seven units and the five last eight units.

The mathematical principles on which the adjustment is based were explained as if the calculations had taken place in the decimal system. However, the actual calculations are preferably done in the binary system. the The organs used and the method of calculation used will now be described in detail will. However, since a special counter is an important element of the system, should the principles of operation of the meter are explained first, whereupon the various organs of the system are to be described in detail.

Counting the line length. The operation of the "line counter" will now be described in detail with reference to the circle shown in greater detail in Figures 16 to 21. The typewriter is shown in the lower left corner of Figure 18. When the operator depresses a key, he operates a number of permutation bars and closes the associated contacts cd ", cd2, Cd., cd4, which characterize the width of the letters, and the contacts cd., cd., cd;, which distinguish the letters of the same width from one another and play no role in the adjustment. Since the contacts of the permutation bars can be closed for somewhat different periods of time, intermediate relays R11, R12, R13 and R14 are connected between the permutation bars and the counter. These relays are actuated by the wires 14 and the contacts of the permutation rods and are held by holding circuits which are produced by their make contacts before the interruption and a normally open contact of a special delay relay DR which is closed at that moment. In this way it is possible to keep these relays actuated for a sufficient time, regardless of the duration of the closure of the contacts of the selector rods. When the intermediate relays are activated, they connect a battery to the input wires of the meter via a switch relay cs which is in the zero position. The counter (Fig. I9) comprises five stages with five retaining relays R.2 to R6 and five combinations of binary relays A1-B1 to A5-B5 of the type shown in FIG. The counter is the same as that of Fig. 15, and the combinations of relays AI-B1, A2-B2 are the same as X.-X2, etc. of Fig. 15. Four levels are sufficient for the widths of the characters; however, it is expedient to provide a fifth stage in order to be able to have more than fifteen adjustable spaces, since, as stated above, the number of spaces N is sent through the wires 23 into the counter. Each time any key on the keyboard CL is depressed, a universal contact called contact u is actuated. The contact actuates a relay RU, which is also locked via a normally closed contact of the relay DR. Another relay E is operated in parallel by the normally open contact of relays RIl to R14 and RU. The purpose of this relay E is to delay the application of the battery to the binary relays and thus to give the retaining relays R2 to R time to respond and to prepare the circuit.

If the binary counter exceeds its capacity, a pulse is sent to the ACS stepping mechanism (memory switching mechanism), which advances by one step. The changeover switch ACS is a step switch mechanism (FIG. 18) which advances one step each time the binary counter 32 counts. It can be viewed as a counter with the base number 32 that has sufficient capacity to record the total number of units on the longest line. The pulse is communicated as follows: When the binary counter flips, a circuit is established through the retainer relay R6 in the same way that the retentions are made at any stage of the counter itself, as set out with reference to FIG. When relay R6 closes its contacts, it transmits a pulse through wire So, a contact of the COS switch described later, and wire 82 to ACS. The excitation of the winding and the subsequent interruption when R6 falls back slows the ACS brushes forward by one step.

It had been noticed that aas relay RU is used if more than eight characters of a certain width are available. So it is in a certain Font twenty characters with nine units and fourteen with ten units. Because the widths o, 1, 2 and 3 are not used in a normal font (the narrowest character is the smallest space of four 1units), can these unused values are used to specify the number of characters in certain widths to enlarge. This is satisfactorily illustrated by that shown in FIG Circuit achieved. The relay RU, «-which is actuated for all characters, is only effective if the binary values o, 1, io (two) and i i (three) on the relay RIi and R12 appear or, in other words, whenever the relays R! f and / or R14 are not operated. A connection passes from the battery the work contact of R U, the rest contacts of R14 and R13 and a changeover contact from R12 to your connection point of two rectifiers rd3 and rd4, which with the input wires of the counter for the values i or 8 (iooo in binary counting) are connected. So if there is no relay R! is actuated, a signal of the value 9 sent through the two rectifiers into the meter. When the relay RIl alone is operated, the same value is sent to the counter, with the rectifier rd, is bridged by the normally open contact of RIl. When the counter R12 alone is operated, its normal value is determined by the one in the operated position and changeover contact of two connected to the fourth input wire of the meter brought to ten. Finally, it is clear that when RIl and R12 both operate a value of eleven units is sent to the counter.

Representation of the control switch and changeover switch. For certain uranium switches, especially ACS and SZ, the contacts have been shown separately. For the others, however, the usual telephony representation was chosen. The different levels (cams) are denoted by capital letters A, B, C etc. The correction control switch COS (1 # ig. 18) has seven with the letters A b @@ (il: rzeichiict @ \ ivcatis. The contacts of this vc # r # chie (1 (nell levels are denoted by: ................ I14 (. @ .................. 3 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O L .................. 4 1. ........ ......... 3 G .................. 2.4 Il .................. 2.3 le (le number corresponds to a position in which the contact is closed. The sign! he- indicates that the contact between the two Position is closed, while point 1> e- interprets, (let the contact between the two Positions is open. So is (read level .4 in his IZtilleststellung o geiifftiet, but for all positions ; wipe i and geschhisseu. The level C is 11111- in the position; closed, 1) only in the Position o, E in position 4, F in position 3, .. i11 2 and 4. all gc (> opens in the position, 3, and 1I in (lull ltellltllgeli 2 and 3. \ lizcigc \ ((iri (-lltullgen. apparatus for control die 1 @ e <lienuugsl> ersrnl. i) a @I (r test.> (,: N ic ci- on the typewriter bewildered, wedged usable exact information over (lie real I_iingc the line can give are Means provided, utn the 13e (lientitigsperson a \ llz (# to medium the linear (1 is to ye, to g; - @ tatten. the typewriter for typesetting riclitH` to lle (licnen. For this two measuring histrumente provided (Fig. 21), of which the one (read I> chzit the line I) and there: other den i: t @ i @: - 11: -tlr attlllzul @ ac! t: I1 \. The hitiäreil Relays P1 to 1> 5 are finite internal declarations vcrsellcit. which the \\ 'i (leraän (le r1. r. " r3, r4 t @ il @ l r-: l @ ara! Ic! scllalt;: t, where this 1'ar <tllcll; onllli- liati (@n by a cii leader ilo with a joint Sa1nen \ Viderstand J-6 is switched to line. I @ (ler this \\ 'i (lcrst; in (le is chosen so that it is in (against geineirisainen \ Viderstand r6 a current sends. (1esseit \ Vert in @ 'lilliatlipere his position iii (lein down: corresponds to iren Svstvni. If the battery is empty of 24 volts l; auil z. 1i. the \\ 'resistance r1 one \ Vert of 2- [ooo mini with a straw of r milli- allll> ere 11211> eti. the \\ "i (lerstatl (1 r_ 12000 Olini, the \ Viderstand r3 (> ooo Olitn. The resistance r4 3000 () IM, and the resistance 1t, 150o Ohm. In ; iltiiliclier \\ 'cise the switch ACS @ switches on the l.rcichung (1e1- Itistierzotie the following resistances lrtrallcl: an ciii "r mare from (learn the end of line fine \\ 1derstalld Y_ Full 750 011111, every two `ttlfftl one \\. 1 <ler @ tatld rb \ - (711 375 Ohtli, r ,, From 250 011m and 'u1 of () 111n. ltlfolgetlesseu is the one through the \\ i (1 (-i-stand rh, which is a little \ Vert full z. l ) . to () to 11..t. ftie13cn (le current proportional to the number of titilletiitigteti levels in your counter, (l. according to (lein Z (@ileli (deficit. If as a result of a correct (l switch (-t- AC.S one step too many 1 night and the subtraction switch SUS l ;; - iif if one step slept, the activated by AC.S \\ 'iderstiinde a ztt l: lci: @cll Sti - () (n cr @ el (cn. For 1) rectification of this The source of the error switches on the SUS in the circuit resistors r11, r12, r13 and r14, which have the values 750 or 37.5 or 25o or r87.5 Olim. If, however, the switch ACS reaches and exceeds the line end position f, the resistors which are switched into the circuit by SUS would result in a faulty ablation. As a result, ACS switches a second line full of resistors r1 ,, rls, r1 ;, rls and rls of 73o or 375 or 2.50 or 187.5 or t. @ o Olim in the circuit a: second low \\ @ i (1 (° rstandes 12o from also to Ohin. The 1 '(; tclitial between the terminals of the resistance (le r6 and r-_0 is therefore exactly your value of the line deficit 1) proportional, even if several corrections have been made. The voltmeter V therefore gives a reading which can be calibrated in 13 riding units . The adjustment increment I) /. \ 'Is indicated by a milliammeter 9-11 connected to all the same points, but in the circuit one level of switch C1 includes a series of resistances proportional to the "number (iet - Z \ vischeni-iitime are. The operator s That is, when (for adjustment is achieved, 'and what increase in space would occur if she stopped writing at this moment.

Correction of errors. Before writing the counter, the adjustable Gaps and the assigned organs should be used for correction; the mistake The procedure used is explained \ verdeu. When the operator notices, (let them has made a mistake, she must put the wrong character in the recorder and subtract its width from the line counter before passing it through the correct characters replaced.

Uni to subtract the width of the wrong character from the counter without having to hit it again, one must determine the combination corresponding to this character. energized for this paints after you have switched back the carriage of the typewriter so that the character to be erased is in the stop window. in the manner described later, the electromagnet COC, which attracts its armature Y3 by pivoting it counterclockwise about the pivot pin Y4. This anchor pushes the plate OP (Fig. R8) against the action of the spring I'_, towards ollen, this movement being guided by pins I'6 cooperating with slots (_I1 '. This plate OP is equipped with four small levers Y The right ends of these levers come under the rows of pins on which the line is registered, while their left ends cooperate with four correction contacts Y8. It is clear from the figure that when the plate OP arrives in its upper position, the levers I 'have hit the pins which were not depressed, forcing them to make their corresponding contact.Thus, in the example shown in Fig. 15, it is assumed that (1a13 the plate OP is pressed slightly upwards, and you can see that all levers Y, except the third one from above, have hit a pin that has not been pressed in, so that only the third contact Y, from above, remains closed, which means that only pen number 3 of the first four pens was indented and that the character to be erased has a width of four units. The device described thus makes it possible to determine the combination of a character to be deleted in order to subtract it from the counter. Then the combination of the wrong character on the registration device must be deleted, ie all pins of the registration device, which are located on the vertical row on which the character to be deleted was registered, must be returned to the rest position. This result is obtained by energizing the electromagnet EF in the manner described later. This electromagnet pulls the plate Y., which can slide on pins Y7., Against the action of the springs to the left (Fig. 18). This plate carries hooks CF, which meet the noses BC (Fig. 2) of the indented pins and thus return all pins of the vertical row of the registration device on which the erased corpse was located to the rest position.

The correction takes place automatically. After the operator has returned the character to be deleted to the stop position, he presses the correction key C OK. This actuates the correction switch COS, which determines the sequence of the correction processes. The width of the character is subtracted by reversing the binary counter (ie by converting all i to o and all o in i), by adding the number to be subtracted, and by reversing the binary counter a second time. This is the mathematical process of subtracting by adding complements. To z. For example, subtracting ii from iooo in the binary system, one can reverse iooo. Which gives oi 1 i, add ii to get ioio, and reverse a second 1M.1 to get the result oioi. This is caused by C 0S which, when COK is released, drops and is connected through its level A to a pulse source G having a cam Cal (Fig. 16) mounted on the camshaft of the photographic assembly. The changeover switch COS moves four steps and finally falls into position 5, which is also its starting position, in which it is disconnected from the pulse source. During its adjustment, this switch causes the following processes: First, it separates the winding of ACS from the normally open contact of RB through its level D o (it should be noted that level D results in a closed contact only in position o). In position 2, the changeover switch COS sends a pulse through its level G through the wire 84 into the relay INV (reversing relay). This relay closes its contacts and sends a pulse through each of the wires i2o to all relays Al to AS and Bi to Bä of the binary counter. With reference to the description of the counter given above, it can be seen that this reverses all binary steps at the moment when relay INh drops out, that is to say that all steps that are in position i change from this position to position o, and vice versa.

In position 3, level C of COS connects the switch SUS (subtraction switch) through wires 8o and 85 to the normally open contact of relay Re. Expressed differently, he disconnects ACS from the restraint relay R6 and brings out what will be explained later Found SUS in its place. In positions 2 and 3, COS (through the wires 86 and its level H) the working of the scanning magnet COC, which the position the first four pins of the registration device of the initial row detects on which the character to be deleted is registered, and so the width of the one to be deleted Character as stated above.

In position 3t and through its level E, COS sends a pulse through wire 87 to the registration device's correction contacts. These correction contacts, which have remained closed (see. Fig. 18), correspond to an indented pin of the registration device. The correction contacts Y, are connected to the meter through the wires CORt . . . COR4 connected, in which rectifiers RY are switched on, in order to avoid the mutual influence of circuits. In the case of the figure, the third contact from the top remains closed and the pulse arriving through the wire 87 is sent to the relay R13, as happened at the moment the erased character was struck. In position 3, a pulse is also sent through (read level E3 of COS (wire 88) or by any other means in the universal wire 20, in order to establish exactly the same conditions as when the wrong character was struck.

The rectifiers Y9 prevent the lambs from working during the Rectification.

If there is a retention between the counter and the memory switch during the correction, it must be fully deducted from the ACS switch, since this means that this retention would occur if the wrong character was added at that moment instead of subtracting it if it were would not have been registered yet. The commercially available stepping mechanisms are generally not suitable for a backward movement, which is why a correction switch SUS is provided. This changeover switch receives all restraints coming from the counter and appearing during the corrections and moves the terminal of the line end of the changeover switch ACS one step backwards with every holdback. It can be seen in Fig. 18 that ACS gives a signal when its brush bi comes on the terminal f, which takes place when the capacity of the counter is reached or exceeded. You can see, however, that if .Sl, 'S has moved one step, ACS has to take one more step. In position 4, COS sends a second pulse through its level F into the relay I N'V, which again reverses the position of all stages (the binary counter. The width of the character to be deleted has thus been subtracted from the line counter In position 4, the switch COS actuates the electro-magnet EF through its level D , which returns all pins in the row on which the character to be deleted was registered to the rest position. At the end of the fourth pulse, the switch COS falls back to position 3 ( which is at the same time the rest or zero position) and switches itself off from the pulse source.The wrong character has thus been erased in the recording device and in the counter at the same time, and the operator can now replace it with the correct character.

Adjustable interval counter. While the length of the line is registered in binary numbers in the "line counter, the counter registers four adjustable spaces (or spaces) CI the number of spaces (Fig. 2o). This counter C1 is also a stepper type and switch receives a pulse every time the operator presses the distance key SB is operated. It is provided with five levels A to F., which are the distance number Convert to a binary number which is used in the adjustment calculation should, and has a capacity of twenty-five, which is sufficient for practical use Points.

According to the above assumed representation, the different levels of Cl make their contacts as follows: A 1.3.5.7.9.11.13-1-5.17.19.21.23 13 213. 6/7. 1 0 / ii. i4 / 15. 18 / ig. 22/23 C 4/7. 12/15 .20g_3 1) 8/15. 23/24 l: i '-'4 Z i.24 (return to the zero position). Calculation of the adjustment. The mode of operation of the adjustment device will be described using a numerical example. Let it be ß. Assume that the set line is forty-one units too short or, in other words, that the deficit of the "line is forty-one and that there are thirteen @@ - oi-th and consequently twelve adjustable spaces. In this case the binary relays are located of the line counter are all in position i, with the exception of relays A4-B4 (eight units), and the ACS memory sequencer is one step away from its position f (thirty-two units). Forty pulses are necessary for all binary relays to be in position i and to bring ACS to position f, to which a pulse is added to give a hold-back signal and return all binary relays to o, which indicates that the capacity of the counter has been exceeded, so that inan receives a total of forty-one pulses The number of spaces A7 was registered in the counter Cl which, under the control of the space key of the typewriter, advanced by twelve steps has moved. So it is in position 12.

The levels A to E of the distance counter can be viewed as a converter for converting the number of steps into binary numbers. A closed contact on level A means: i, on level B: 2, on C: 4, on D: 8 and on E: 16. It can be seen that in the selected example in position 21 the contacts of the Levels C and D are closed, which corresponds to 4 and 8, ie 12 in the decimal system, respectively.

The sequence of the processes triggered by the adjustment is controlled by a stepping mechanism FLK. This FLK changeover switch has the following contacts at its various levels: A ................... 1 B ................... 4/5 C ................... 2 D ................... 2 E ................... 3 F ........, .......... 5 G .................. H ................... 5 I ................... 2 I ................... 0/3 5 K ................... 2 When the operator depresses the transmission button 22, the winding of FLK is energized, and when the button is released, FLK goes to position 1, in which its level A is connected to its winding through the wire go to a pulse source G, which one z. B. supplies interrupted current iomal times per second. FLK immediately goes to position 2, in which it stops. In this position it actuates the changeover relay CS, which connects the five levels A to E of Cl with the line counter, while FLK passes through its level C the pulses from G to the common point 94 of the five binary levels of the interval counter Cl. As stated above, this causes the addition of twelve to the line counter on each pulse. The deficit D is successively increased from 41 to 29, 17 and 5. With the fourth pulse, the capacity of the meter is exceeded and the retaining relay Re is actuated in the manner described above. A pulse is then passed through wires 8o and ioo to level D of. ACS transmitted, which is currently on contact f, which represents the position "complete line" or "end of line". It should be noted. that if corrections were made which caused SUS to advance, the complete line will be represented by a contact an equal number of steps to the right of f. The pulse propagates to the winding FLK by a contact of the level D of SUS, the wire 102 and the level of D FLR. At the end of the pulse, FLK goes to position 3 and interrupts the sending of pulses to the line counter by Cl by opening the contacts of its level C. At this moment the line counter has tilted and registers the difference between 12 and 5, i.e. 7.While FLK was in position 2, the winding of the zone switch SZ was with the common point 94 of the levels A to E of C1 through the wire 25 and the level C of FLK connected. The @ 4` counter SZ is thus advanced by Q -I- i steps, i.e. in the selected example by four steps, and is in position 4.

In position 3 of FLK, two processes take place. First, Cl is returned to its rest position, since it is no longer required, with the help of its return level Z, which is closed for all positions of C1 except the gauze position, the contact rz of C1, the wire 104th and the level E of FLK in the well-known self-interrupting manner.

In the second place, the remainder registration device sets itself by actuating the line counter. It was carried out as the line counter registered NR, ie 7 in the numerical example described. This means that the binary relays A1 'A2 and A3 are in their position i. With their normally open contacts, these relays create a self-interrupting circuit for PR. This changeover switch PR is a step-by-step switch whose various levels establish the following contacts: A 2.4.6.8.10.12.14.16.18.20.22.24 B 2i3.6 / 7. 10/11. 14/15. 18I19.22! 23 C 215. 10/13. 18/21 D 1. 1O / 17 E 1/9 F 24 Z 1/24 (return to zero). P's self-interrupting circuit goes from the battery through level E of 1 # LA (in position 3), wire io6, a normally closed contact of a relay NI, which will be described later, wire io18 to the common point of levels A. to E from PR and wires 24 to the flip-flop relays of the line counter. 11 «n sees that this circuit is closed until PR reaches position i8 (in the numerical example chosen), where it stops, i.e. that it stops seven paces from its neutral position 25. During these two processes the winding of FLK is kept energized by rectifiers i, io and 112. When Cl and PR have both reached their positions described above, the battery of FLK is switched off, which then falls to position 4, in which its winding through its level B of is again connected to the pulse source G so that it immediately goes to position 6, which is also its rest position. and in position 4 FLK causes the .1rl: @: itcn of the l \ '. clais IR through its level (i and the dralit 114, the role of which will be discussed later.

In position 5 of FLK, an impulse is generated by level H of FLK and the Dralit iiö sent in the electromagnet Elll, lvelcher the progression of the carriage of the typewriter controls, so that this is the first pen grater comes to face the registration device, d. H. in the for actuation the required position of the <@i key of the next line. In the case of the in Fig. 2 The registration device shown with two rows of pins must be the carriage of the Typewriter can be brought to a point at which he will run out of the pens of the Registration device is released, so that nian of a row of pins on the next can go over by a vertical shift of the pen field.

The adjustment is prepared in it, and the machine is for the pliotugrapliischen set of the line ready during the registration of a new line.

Unadjusted lines. If the lead person does not wish to adjust a line, he / she depresses the NJK key before actuating the send key 22. This causes relay NI to work and locks it to your level B of FLR. The relay NJ remains activated for the duration of the adjustment calculation and during the photograph of the line and for a little longer under the same conditions as the relay SE. In position 2 of FLK, relay NJ sends a pulse into the winding of FLK so that it does not stop in this position and only sends one pulse through Cl. in position 3 of FLK the relay iVI opens the wires loh and io8 and thus prevents PR from being printed out. Ntir Cl operates in this position 3 of FLK (through wire 104) and returns to zero. FLK goes over positions 4 and 5, as described above. SZ has received a single luipuls and is therefore in the @tellt: rrg i and selects piston 4 of the variable increment. All adjustable spaces have the same width of four units.

Deletion of a line. \\ - if the operator wishes to delete a line, they press the 'fast ELK' before pressing the send button 22, which blocks the relays 1'J and AL. The adjustment calculation does not take place, as explained above, and the slide relay CR is prevented from responding by a normally open contact of the actuated relay KL, which separates the battery from the wire 13, 4. The changeover contact of the relay KL provides a battery connection to the part of the wire i2o that goes to the contact w of the transferring current circuit, to enable the "end of line" signal to be effective. A l Wire 136 atll.ler Betriel). Is the reading device crying processing of the 2ugistriervorrichtung on the signal »To iienctul: # <meets, wildly, an I>; ittet-ievei-1) itification through the character translator to the winding of Fl.h placed by KL by a work-stroke. I hu \ @@ rscltul>") rridltung the film is through c err huhcl; ontact \ -one AU in line 138 put out of service. FL R tnight a full l-iiidrelitnig and li: ilt (read relay SE of the Direction of the registration device is sufficient long 1), delete the line completely- ztilösc ilctl. By means of a changeover contact on your relay 1 I. can inan another: level of FLR for the \ 'orscliul) tles films stabbed an unstated line t @ -: ihlen, ( lh automatically sets the distance between Switch lines at the end of a paragraph. I @ e @ mlun the adjustment. [ustic # rrf # 1 ais JJi (hig. ig) @ N-% N already ini. butig he \\; ilint. This: Relay has five contact s; itre IIS in l @ c'ilte grooves five manually operated keys Jht. I) ie I @;> ntahte l 18 are with the inputs of the llil>-11;) p-Str @ mihreisc of the line counter through the Drillte t = o connected. If none of the buttons JKt is closed, the meter remains t: itigtitig (read relay IR empty. If any key is closed, before your stop the line a - \ ufangst @ -c'rt registered, if FLK has an im- pulse in iler position 4 sends. This will make the \ crfiigl) cire capacity of the meter uni reduced. If z. B. the overall version l; l-; rt des S_, stems Zur Zeilet) zälllut1g (12 and ACS) t = h carries and «-eng nian only one line of , 3ort h.:iii want units of your own, send eight in clen binary counter at the beginning of each line by adding keeps the corresponding key JK1 closed. If the length of the line has increased by more than one @ IrLil.lig I ': iillieitei! ge;,> - enül> cr the comprehension of the If the counter is to be decreased, change the Allfangsstellulig by shifting a rail Grid key Ih., (Fig. 18). which all contacts except one of the level of return to zero des Sclirittscli; tlt% vc'rlcs ACS closes. l'hc @ t @@ gral @ llisclter- sentence. If the line for 1'Iit) to (, ral) here is ready, a contact will bs (F 'g. 17) temporarily open, and the relay RS ( F i '. 17), N% elclies was in the rest position, cla the two ends of its windings with the Itatterie connected Nvaren. works and blocks find out about the \\ 'iderstand rl ,. The relay RS loads rides the. \ rl @ citsstrc @ mkreis (le = relay CR . t @ elches; c directs. @@ Slipped the start-up dry Ca- : one h @ nitakt all a given time of the work sl @ iels, cl: liel.lt. I) a <Itel; lis SE , which is the working clcs. \ 1> tastsclilittel! s hXl ' (ler registration device : t @ t! ert. arl @; itet el @ l'lifalls by the same sti-miz- l; rt'is like ('R, but blocks itself via the \ lce; @@ l!; cil! e: i Ill @ Chalturs FIJI ' (Fig.? o ) . dcs @ ett l, 1r, iital: t ('are shown in the drawing. This also the @chrittschaltwerkballart on «-eisendc t @l! äritl @ ll_'1 "# telll'rt l'er> different 11iltsC-orgfange. like z. l t . <eil l @ ilnivorscliul). The relay CR N-complies st; ilt @ ligt the arheitstronic circle of the changeable Continuation of the film carrier carriage, which comprises an electric motor E and eighteen solenoids, which determine the number of switched teeth and consequently the film advance. At the same time, CR connects the wire 119 to a battery through a normally closed contact of a relay KZ, which was described on the occasion of the deletion of a line. The wire comes from the contact w of the width translator circuit: which comprises the relays T1 to T7 (Fig. 17). The contact w is the first of a set of changeover contacts that form the fan-shaped circle 121 of the relays T. These relays are actuated by the wires 30 and 32 through the contacts of the reading or sensing device of the registration device C1 to C7, which are shown schematically in FIG. When the relay SE responds, it closes the circuit of the electronics J: XI ', which controls the switching of the Al) -tastschlitten through the wires 122 and the cam Ca 8 . The relay SE closes the circuit of the electromagnet PLP through the Dr; ilite 124 and the cam Cay. The electromagnet YL P pushes the plate 104E upwards, and the reading contacts, which correspond to pins pressed in during the writing of the line, are closed for a moment. The corresponding relays T respond and block each other via a blocking electronics circuit which comprises the docking Calo, a wire 126 and the contacts of the relay CR. These relays Z 'have several tasks. They first select the type to be photographed through their normally closed contacts 128, which control the work of the deciphering device 130 and the lightning current circuit 40 through the wires 38, and second, through their changeover contacts 121, they select a piston yaw variable progression through the wires 3, 4 and thus effect the Displacement of the filter carrier carriage according to the width allocated to each type. If z. For example, if pins 1, 3, and 4 of the registration device are in their depressed position, relays TI, T3 and T4 are actuated and the wire selected is that of the holding piston 13, since the binary value of the pin combination 1-3-4 equals 1- 1-4 + 8, i.e. lt. is equal to 13. Thirdly, the relays T eventually translate certain signals, such as e.g. B. "adjustable space", "/, etlenetldeu," adjustment between letter) eti "and" Scliriftart,% - eclisel ", through the wires ji, fl, jc and cf.

If the reading contacts in the registration device find the combination 3, only the relay Z ', 3 is energized, and the potential is passed through the I) ra lit 43 to the first of SZ. ivelchc s is located in the selected numerical example in the 4-row. The contacts of S'7 are finitely connected to the retaining piston of the variable increment as follows: Contacts o and t with piston .4. Contact 2 with piston 3. Contact 3 with piston ("Contact 4 with piston; tl @ f. Ltt denl 1>etr; tcliteten example, SZ is in position + and selects piston 7 so that the variable increment by seven teeth and advances the film carrier carriage seven units for each gap, at the same time PR also advances one step for each gap since it is also connected to wire q.3 A wire 130 connected to 43 passes through level F of PR and a break contact from NI to wire 25. When PR reaches its position 2.4, it sends a pulse through its level F into wire 130 to SZ, which advances by one step. Since PR is seven steps (generally by NR steps) from its position 24, the first seven spaces have a value of seven units. The R or five following spaces have a value of eight units, making a total of seven spaces seven units, ie forty-nine, to which there are five central spaces of eight units, ie forty units, so that a total of eighty-nine are obtained. Since the counter recorded four units for each space, the length of the line was only increased by eighty-nine minus forty-eight, i.e. l. enlarged forty-one units. Since this was the '' value of the deficit in the selected example, the line is adjusted.

At the end of the line, the reading contacts on the registration device find the combination 3-5, which the operator has registered by pressing button 22. The relays T3 and T5 are activated and connect the battery to the common point of the resistor rb and the relay RS. The two ends of the windings of the relays RS and CR are then on the battery, so that the relays drop out. The relay SE , however, remains actuated for a certain time by the level B of FLR, because the scanning carriage still has to be adjusted by a few steps in order to return the last pins of the registration device back to their place. When CR lets go, it applies the battery through one of its normally closed contacts to the uncoupling device DEB, which normally connects the variable incremental circuit EV to the film carrier carriage. The slide is decoupled from the variable incrementation and returns to its rest position under the action of its return springs. When the carriage reaches its home position, it actuates the contacts RT. As a result, the battery is switched off from the uncoupling device and the film carrier carriage is coupled again with the variable incrementation. Furthermore, the battery which was connected to the winding of the stepping mechanism FLR is disconnected by the operation of the contacts RT, so that FLR advances one step, its winding is then connected through its level A to the pulse source G, and it begins to to turn. When it was closed, the working contact of RT connected the Klotor of the variable increment Eh to the battery via the cam Cag and energized the piston i of the variable increment. The film carrier carriage, which has exceeded its exact starting position under the influence of its inertia, advances step by step until the circuit is interrupted by the cam 111P, which has an isolated position corresponding to the exact starting position: The indexing mechanism FLR, which keeps the relay SE actuated, also sends impulses to the film feed device FF, which actuates the film feed device. The number of transmitted pulses can be changed by means of a switch with several positions FFK, which selects a level of FLR in each position, each of these levels producing a different number of pulses.

Lightning circuit. The lightning circuit (Fig. 16) works as follows: The photographic unit has a disk D on its. Scope are the types CY, z. B. transparent on opaque ground, a lens O throws an image of these types on the sensitive film F. A flash tube L is also available. The disk is constantly spinning and the guys are photographed by sending an electrical pulse into the discharge tube which lights up for an extremely short period of a few millionths of a second. Despite the great linear speed of the types, the images are perfectly sharp. In order to achieve the correct position of the types on the film, the instant at which the flash occurs must be determined with extreme precision, which is also on the order of a millionth of a second. This is achieved by means of a photoelectric pulse which is generated through a slot F 'associated with each type. Since it is possible to arrange a slot corresponding to a given type with absolute accuracy by e.g. B. simultaneously photographed in an arrangement in which the slot is fixed and in which the types are always brought into the same position in relation to this slot, the accuracy does not depend on the position of the types on the disk, but only on the mutual position of the Type and the slot assigned to it. The photoelectric impulse does not take place at the moment in which the center of the type passes through the optical axis of the lens, but in the moment in which its left edge intersects this optical axis. In this way, the left edge of the type coincides with the right edge of the previous type, since the film has shifted by the width of this type in the previous phase. If the film is misaligned before the photograph, it will be aligned to the right side of the type instead of the left. The photoelectric pulse is obtained by means of a film reading device P of the type currently used in sound film technology, which projects a very fine gap of light onto the path of the slits F 'and onto the photocell PH. The photoelectric pulses, one of which takes place for each type, remain ineffective as long as the deciphering device (Fig. 10) has not opened a passage for them to operate the flash tube I_.

The deciphering device 142 (FIG. 16) generates a comparatively broad pulse at the instant the type passes through the photographing position, which pulse acts on a window tube and allows the corresponding photoelectric pulse to pass through. The pulses from the photocell PH are amplified by a pentode 144 and appear with a positive polarity in the anode circuit. They are then placed as the control grid of the window tube 145, which is also a pentode with a suitable bias voltage supplied by a battery 146. This tube t45 is normally blocked because its screen grid is shorted to frame through a resistor t47 The decryption device has a self-induction 148 and a battery 149. As long as the circuit of the decryption device is closed, a current of a few milliamperes, limited by the resistor i5 @ o, flows in this self-induction coil. If the brushes of the decryption device find the same combination in the decryption device as in the recording device , the circuit is opened, as explained with reference to Fig. 10, and an interruption current appears at the terminals of the self-induction coil. These Induced voltage of positive polarity is applied to the window grid of the window tube and makes it conductive and amplifying during the entry of the type in front of the lens. Exactly at the moment in which the type is in the pliotographing position, the photoelectric impulse occurs, goes through the tube i.IS and is transmitted to the tube 152 , which reverses its polarity and limits its amplitude. The resulting pulse of positive polarity is sent into the tube 153 , which is preferably the commercially available Sylvania 1) .4_ tube. A capacitor T54 is charged through this ignited tube 1,53 into the self-induction coil 15; 5 of the type used in ignition circuits of motor vehicles. This discharge creates a pulse of several thousand volts. which ignites the discharge tube I_, and the capacitor 143 discharges, generating a flash of light.

Prevent vin <las discharge tube more than once per revolution address, the capacitors 143 and i g.4 at the beginning of the effective - \ rl> eitssliiels of the deciphering device is switched off from the potential source by a cam Ca. " These capacitors are charged into the next part via suitable resistors des: @rlieitssl »els. which is assigned to the adjustment of the film carrier carriage is on.

Zeitl; onti - () ll (,. 1> 1e Hic> tography of a type comprises two readings or work processes, a pliotcigraphic, whereby the type is photographed, and a feed at which the filament carrier slide moves Cams are shown in Fig. 16 and are driven by the same shaft as the disc carrying the dies, each opening and closing a contact in the order and @@ -; @ at a time, "- which on your diagram of the i- 'i 22 are shown. The disk carries the Tvl) en matrices on half of its circumference. The successive operations take place during a single revolution of the Sd;: ibe. There are ten cams. The cam Cal controls the return of the film carrier carriage to its exact starting position, the cam Caz is a pulse generator used in the adjustment (source G), the cam Ca3 short-circuits the decoding device during the working cycle of the feeds and prevents the generation of recording flashes, the cam Ca4 charges the capacitor 143 of the discharge tube and prevents more than one flash of lightning per revolution, the cam Ca. Fort circuit EV (Fig. i6), the cam Ca .7 is, which causes the starter cam the imprint by closure of the working Group of the relay CR and SE in the right moment, the cam Ca9 operates the contacts PI P of the scanning device (button), and , the cam Cal, closes the blocking circuit 126 of the relays Ti to T7, so that the contacts of the registration device be released as soon as the relays T are blocked for the rest of the working cycle.

Font change. Multiple fonts can be placed on one disk, e.g. B. one on the first half of the circumference of the disc and another on the other half. As stated above, the photograph takes place during the first half revolution, while the advance of the carriage takes place during the other half revolution. The transition from one font to another requires a shift of half a turn in the operation of certain cams. This can e.g. B. done by the relay ACF. Each of the cams Ca. to Cal has two sets of contacts which are shifted by half a turn against each other and are connected to the middle "lung of the changeover contacts of the ACF relay. When this relay responds, it transfers the circuit of one contact of the cam to the other. It follows from this that the operation of the photographing takes the place of the operation of the feeds, and vice versa.

The relay ACF is controlled by the registration device. If the scanning contacts find the combination 3-6, which corresponds to the signal for changing the font in the yaw registration device, the relay T3 is actuated. T6 a potential is applied to the relays ACF and I? CF (171g. 16 and 17) . The relays ACF and BCF and the resistors. rc and rd form a flip-flop circuit. At the same time, the control potential is applied to piston o in order to prevent the variable progression from working during the font change. When the impulse to change font has expired, the flip-flop circuit goes to its second position and remains in this position until the scanner hits the combination 3-6 again in the register, whereupon the machine goes back to the first font .

Mechanical counter. 23, 24 and 25 show an embodiment of a mechanical binary counter which can replace the electromechanical counters described above. This counter essentially comprises epicycloidal gears with double input, which are interconnected by transmission organs which transmit an elementary adjustment for two received elementary adjustments. The counter shown as an example contains five gears, four of which have double inputs. A is assigned to the indices of the organs of the i-counting gear, the organs of the 2-counting gear are assigned to B, the organs of q. counting gearbox C etc. Each gearbox consists of planetary gears i .Il and 2 Iil and the satellite gears 3 All. The inputs take place through the arms 10 M carrying the satellite wheels, and the restraints are transmitted through the planet wheels 8 B. The planet wheel 2 M is rigidly connected to a sleeve 7 dl; on which is attached the transmission wheel 6B which receives the restraints of the lower stage, namely those of the units in the case of the figure. The planet gear i 1l is rigidly connected to the gear 8 J1 and transfers the restraints to the higher level. The inputs take place through the ratchet wheels 5 A ... 5 E, which are attached to the axes. + A ... .4 L, which are rigidly connected to the axes io M, on which all satellite wheels 3 J1 are attached. The way it works is as follows. There are three cases to consider: simple restraint: a restraint coming from the lower stage is transmitted through the transmission organs 9 A, T and 6 B and causes an elementary rotation of the planetary gear 2 iYI, the transmission gear 9 B advances by one step (i) ; simple input: occurs by rotating the ratchet wheel 5 B by the angle U = w / 2, the transmission gear 9 B also rotating by an angle co in the same direction as in the previous case; simultaneous entry and retention: in this case the transmission gear 9 B rotates by two steps, ie by the angle 2 co, in the same direction as in the previous example. Each epicycloidal gear causes a reversal of the direction of rotation, so that the direction of rotation of the ratchet wheels 5 A, 5 B.. . alternates from one gear to the next. The pairs of gears 8 A-9 A and the transmission gears T-6 B are selected so that the successive elementary angular adjustments of the planetary gears i 111 are only transferred to the restraint planetary gear of the higher level every second time in terms of the absolute value and the symbol, preferably a system with a Maltese cross or the like. Is used to avoid the transfer of the game from one stage to another and to block every gear in the rest position. In the example shown in the figure, the ratchet wheels 5 A ... 5 T have twenty teeth and are operated by a pawl and an electromagnet, which are shown schematically in F ig. 25 are shown. An angle adjustment L- or 1/2 w corresponds to 1/2 a turn or i8`. It was mentioned above that the elementary adjustment of the planetary gears is plus or minus 2 U, ie 36 @ ', alternately in one sense and the other, so that the elementary adjustments resulting from a restraint or an input add up. Each transmission element consists of two gears 8 A and 9 _A and a transmission pair T-6 B. The translation of the gears 8-9 is chosen so that each elementary rotation of the planetary gear 8 A corresponds to a rotation of the gear T by 90 °. This gear wheel has only two teeth 27 JA and 28 @ 11 at the same level T6, and its shape is chosen in conjunction with the profile of the wheel 6 A so that the latter is locked by the recessed profile 20_Y1 until a tooth 27: 11 encounters a recess i9 l1 and this wheel 6 A takes with it until the tooth comes free from the recess, whereupon the wheel is locked immediately. The wheel 6 A has ten recesses of the type i9 A1, and since the gear T has two diametrically opposed teeth and rotates a quarter turn with each step, the wheel 6 A is driven every other time and rotates for every half turn of the Gear T by 1; 1o l'mdreliunb, that is, by 36 °. Each gear T can therefore assume one or the other of two positions, namely the position i if it is to drive the wheel 6 A during the next adjustment by 90 °, and the position o if it does not during the next elementary adjustment should drive. Since this gearwheel is connected to planetary gear 2: U by gearwheels, it follows that this planetary gear also assumes a position o or a position i, where position o corresponds to the position "not held back" and position i corresponds to the position "held back" . These positions are also represented by the fingers ii jll of the wheels 8 B attached to the planetary gears i M, which close the contacts 3o A, 30 B ... when the element is in the retaining position and open when it is in the position o is.

The subtractions can be made with this counter according to the same principle as described above, by reversing the position of all transmission gears T, adding the number to be subtracted and reversing the position of all organs T a second time. These reversals amount to bringing all organs T which are in position i into position o zii and all organs T which are in position o into position i. In the example described, this reversal is achieved by actuating the reversing electromagnet, which by means of the rod 161b1 pulled to the right by it and the levers 17 11, which are pivotally attached to the frame at 18 31, the displacement of the axes 12 A-12 C according to causes above and the axes 12 13 and 12 D downwards, which are the support axes of the transmission gears T, which are freely rotatable, but are held against longitudinal displacements. In addition to the normal level Tb, these gears also have a lower level Tc with two diametrically opposed teeth 23-13 and 29M, similar to teeth 27-1! and 28 11 of the level Tb, which, however, are shifted by 90 ° with respect to that of Tb. The response of this electromagnet thus finally has the effect of bringing the levels Tc of the gears into engagement with the gears 6 _-1, so that, because of the offset of the teeth of these gears, the levels which were in position o behave, as if they are in the position i, and vice versa, as long as the magnet remains reverse-operated, the return to the normal position is caused by the springs 13. 11

To set the counter when starting to change the adjustment, the position of certain steps of the counter must be changed without affecting the following steps. Fig. 25 shows how this result can be obtained. The counter shown has five stages, which contain the ratchet wheels 5 A ... 5 E , via which the inputs are made, and those for the inputs between i and i 6 by the electronic devices 25.-1 ... 2.1E 1 > et: beitigt. The fingers ii -i ... 1 z-16 control the positions of the changeover contacts 3o-1, 30-2 ... 30-z6. A range of switches 25 A ... 25 E allows the selection of the stages to be operated. The adjustment is obtained by operating the adjustment solenoid, which causes the displacement of the rod 1611 to the left, the downward movement of the axles 12 A-12 C and the upward movement of the axles 12 13-i2 E. In this way, the transmission gears T move with respect to the wheels 6 A, but they keep them locked, and the levels Ta without teeth replace the levels Tb in order to come into contact with the wheels 6 A. and the restraints are no longer carried over. The gears 9 A-9 E are sufficiently wide to constantly remain in mesh with the gears 8 A ... 8 E. The switches 25 A ... 25 E can assume one or the other of two positions, the upper position of the figure corresponding to the position o. In the figure it is assumed that all these switches are in the o position, ie that one wishes to set the counter to o zti. 111 Fig.25 shows the counter 25, since the stages 1, 8 and 16 are in position i, as indicated by the position of the contacts 3o A, 3o D and 30 E. The counter is set by actuating the setting magnet. by pressing the button K, which applies the battery to the electronic components 2.1A, 2.1 D and 21 E, by lifting the button K, which causes these electromagnets to advance by one step, which reset their levels to o, and finally by releasing the setting magnet .

Since the mechanical counter just described has the same contacts is provided like the electrical meter described above, it can do this without modification of the circuit, and the description of the operation of the entire circuit does not need to be repeated.

It is clear that this counter can also be used for other purposes in other applications can be used.

Light deciphering device. 26, 27, 28 and 29 show a modification of the photographic device. In this modification, the gap which effects the photography of the type at the precise moment in which it passes through the photographing position by means of a photocell is with the Combined deciphering device. For this purpose, not just a single slit, which works together with a deciphering device, is provided for each type, but a system of several opaque bars arranged according to a code. Instead of a single light slit, an optical device projects a combination of light slits which reverse the Combination of the opaque bars corresponding to the code of the type to be photographed If the combinations are the same, no more light is transmitted and the photocell gives a pulse that triggers the discharge tube Part of the disc (or Tr ommel). The base is transparent, and each type is assigned a series of opaque lines -LI. The types are preferably transparent on a black background (see Fig. 29). The opaque bars J1 are seven rows Ti to T7 similar to those in Fig. 1, ig. 1o shown isolated and conductive parts of the deciphering device arranged. With these opaque lines a gap of light. SL works together, which sweeps the opaque lines during the rotation of the disc (to the right of the figure). This light gap can be partially blocked by seven locks Si ... S7. The corresponding mechanical order is shown in Fig. 27. 1. is a lamp with a finite filamentary filament, Cl is a cylindrical condenser, which throws an image of the filament onto an elongated window or a gap FY. This normally illuminated gap can be partially covered by flaps S1, S.,. S3, J'4, S5, .56, S7 are covered, which by solenoids or electromagnets, IISl. . .: 11S7 against the action of yaw return spring Sp are actuated. An objective C produces an image of the gap FY on the disk D at the level of the opaque lines .1I. PC is a photocell and FL is a fluorescent discharge tube. Let it be B. Assume that the flaps S2, S4 and S7 are preferred by the corresponding electromagnet. It can be seen in Fig. 26 that when the disk is rotated, the first position, for which the light is completely blocked, corresponds to the character x, which has the opposite combination and prevents the light, to the levels T1, T3, T5 , T, to arrive. Since the optical system throws light precisely at this level, there is complete obscuration. Further darkening can occur for the characters following x; However, as stated above, they have no effect, because the circuit of the flash tube can only give off one discharge per passage of the alphabet. Fig. 28 shows the overall arrangement of the organs. In addition to the elements already mentioned and denoted by the same reference numerals, in this figure one can see the taking lens C3 which projects an image of the character onto the sensitive film SF carried by the carriage FC, the feed of which is under the control of the width translator TL and a cam Cal is effected by the variable circuit mechanism Eh. The registration device ENR actuates the locks MS1-MS, via the cam Cal. The control typewriter and its selector rods are shown at CL and CM and the feed circuit of the discharge tube at PH . Further, as shown in Fig. 29, the disk bears two alphabets of different fonts, FI and F2, each of which occupies one half of the circumference of the disk. The transition from one to the other takes place by means of the electromagnet FSE, which covers one or the other of two transparent semicircles FIT or F2T that work together with the light gap SL. It is clear that when the semicircle FT is covered, the photocell receives light for the entire duration of the passage of the characters F2 corresponding to the semicircle FIT , so that no flash of a picture can occur for any of the corresponding letters. On the other hand, the letters Fi corresponding to the semicircle F2T can be projected. The activation of the transition from one font to the other takes place under the control of a special signal from the registration device, which acts on the font change magnet FS.

The opaque lines can be from one of the die carriers independent, but with this rigidly connected disc or drum can be worn.

First modification of the adjustment. 30 and 31 show a first modification of the adjusting device. In this embodiment, the counter controls the operation of relays Cl to C 5 through the wires C connected to the various stages. When the operator depresses the button FLC (FIG. 3o), the stepping mechanism goes into position i. In this position, the relays RC1 to RCS, which receive battery voltage via the steps of the counter in position o, block themselves at FLK and enable the counter. The position of the relays represents the line deficit in binary counting (of which it is assumed for the simplification of the figure that it does not exceed 31, but it can be brought to any value by increasing the number of steps) and are used to set a stepping mechanism DS thirty-two positions in which each level comprises two contact rings in a known manner. The first relay RC1 selects a brush of the adjustment ring, while the other relays select one of the sixteen contacts in each half-ring. Depending on the position of the relay RCl-RC5, a contact of the step switch mechanism DS is connected to earth, the position of which corresponds to the value of the deficit. The stepping mechanism DS begins to work as a self-interrupter as a result of the battery voltage applied to its winding via the resistor ys, its break contact and the slowly falling relay RA. When the brush Bal or Bat hits the contact that is connected to earth by the relay, the stepping mechanism stops because its winding is then connected to earth at both ends. As an example, assume that the row deficit is nineteen units. The brush Bat remains on contact i9. While the stepping mechanism DS was working, the FLK was kept switched on by the working contact of the slowly falling relay RS, via which the working current from D.1 flows. When DS stops, FLK drops and goes to position 2. At the same time, FLK has applied a battery voltage to brushes Bbl, Bb2, Bb3 and Bb4 of the stepping mechanism CI to count the spaces in position i. This is in the position corresponding to the number of spaces, it being assumed that this number is eight. It can be seen that this battery voltage is transmitted to contacts i, 15 and 23 of the row corresponding to brush Ba.3 of DS '. No other contact receives a potential. It can be verified that, depending on the position of GI, a battery voltage is applied to contacts Nj, 2N1, 3N1, etc. of the levels corresponding to brushes Bai, Ba4 or Ba ", where N is the number of spaces. When the brushes by DS under the control of the relays RC1-RC5 from position o to position i9, brush Bai went over contacts 7 and 15, which were connected to the battery, and transferred the battery voltage to (read step-by-step switch SZ , which is so advanced by two steps. So (let it select the piston of the variable feed 6, ie two units more than the normal "space of four units. In position 2 of FLK the relays RCl-RCS drop out. As well as these If the relays are working, the counter is enabled to write the following lines. Adjustment is carried out as described above. For each gap, a battery voltage is supplied by the converter relay Ti-T7 (see Fig. .I to 9) applied to the jass line, and a piston of the variable switching mechanism is selected by the changeover switch SZ (I @ r; ihte eist ) , while the stepping mechanism PS advances one step each time. At the end of the fourth intermediate pulse, DS moves to position 23, in which its brush encounters a battery voltage applied by CI, so that SZ is attracted. SZ therefore remains attracted until DS has fallen into position 24 at the end of the sixth pulse. lii at this moment SZ takes the position; in which it chooses the piston 7, ie the normal intermediate frame plus three units. The first five (° it pulses are two units, while the last three pulses are three units, making a total of nineteen.

The end-of-line signal arriving via wire fl leads FLK to position 3. In this position, FLK is verbutiden with the ltnptilsqttelle (i and completes its rotation. @, \ 'Ällren (1 this return to zero fulfills the requirements of toggle switch FLR in the description 4 to <9 random tasks, such as feeding the film, 1 folding the relay SE, and also sends the changeover switches PS and CI back to their rest position by means of their known circuits for return to self-interrupting operation.

Second adjustment of the adjustment. Fig. 32 shows a second modification of the adjusting device. In this example, the stepping mechanism ES is set by the relay RCl-RCS, which, as in the previous example, are controlled by the wires Co coming from (learn counter. When the operator presses the button FLC, the combination switch FLK switches to position i, in which it applies the blocking battery voltage to the relays RCt-RC5, which enables the counter to write the following line. It is again assumed that the line deficit is nineteen units. The stepping mechanism ES remains in position i9. In In each of its positions, this changeover switch switches two resistors into a circuit which goes from the battery to earth and forms a voltage divider through which a potential is applied to wire k. This potential is the number of units in the row deficit (plus one) proportional, e.g. i V per unit. In the example chosen, the point k becomes a potential brought l of 19 + i = 20 V.

In addition, the interval counter C I is in the number the interstices corresponding digit, z. B. B. With the help of with his various Contacts connected resistors sends (nasty Unischalter in a resistor set Rf such a current that in every resistor Rf the voltage drop is exactly the same N is V, where \ 'is the number of spaces. In the example chosen, this voltage drop is 8 V in each resistor Rf.

As soon as ES has reached its position, iy in the selected numerical example, FLK, which was kept switched on by the Arheitskäritakt of the slowly falling relay R.1, drops and itl goes to its position 2, in which it is via the normally open contact of the polarized relay Rpl a Battery voltage is applied to the circuit for working in the self-breaker circuit of the stepper switch SZ. This relay connected between the point k of 20 V arid the brush hc of Rp, which is connected to earth, does indeed respond. SZ begins to work, and the potential of brush Bc comes tittclieitiander to 8, 16 and 24 V. At this point the relay Rpl drops out, since the current reverses its direction and the relay Rp2 works. The stepping mechanism SZ remains in its third position, which is connected to the piston 6, which results in an advance by the normal distance plus two units. FLK, which is kept switched on by the contact of Rpl, drops out and goes to position 3. in which it remains while the line is being printed. The signal of the gap to be adjusted arrives through the Jus wire and is applied to the switch ES, which advances one step each time. At the same time, a piston of the variable circuit works, which was selected by the switch SZ in the manner explained above. The stepping mechanism ES goes into position 2o, then 21, 22 and 23, and the potential of point K increases by IV with each step, so that it reaches 24 V when ES moves into position 23 at the end of the fourth pulse comes, whereupon the relay Rp., drops because it is on the same potential (24 V) on each side, and closes its normally closed contact. The fifth pulse thus simultaneously actuates SZ and FLK via Rp2 in the rest position, and SZ goes into position 4, in which it selects an additional advance of three units for the following gaps. FLK goes to position 4, in which it remains. The following pulses thus result in intervals which have one more unit, ie a total of 5 times two and 3 times three, ie a total of nineteen units. When the end-of-line signal arrives at FLK via wire fl, FLK goes to position 5, in which it is applied to pulse source G, so that it completes its rotation, during which it fulfills the auxiliary tasks, such as feeding the film, etc., and the counter Cl returns to zero.

FIGS. 34 to 37 represent one from Samuel H. C a 1 d -j w e 1 1 Modification of the photographing apparatus. In this modification, the photographic Film stuck while the line was being printed, rather than from a movable carriage to be worn, which disguises itself after the recording of each character, and the image is shifted by means of an optical system which is interposed between the Matrix support disc and the photosensitive film is arranged, without that the dimensions can be changed and without the sharpness of either end of the Line is changed to the other.

In Fig. 34 the type carrier disk is shown at D and rotates continuously in the direction of the arrow. The flash tube L illuminates the selected type at the moment it passes in front of a lens i P with the focal length f l. This lens is at a distance from the disk which is equal to its focal length and acts like a collimator which gives an image of the type at infinity. On the optical axis of this lens 111 there is a second lens 2 P with the focal length f2, which is assigned to a prism 3P and is arranged in a displaceable holder 4P which can move along the optical axis of the lens i P in the tube 5P. This second lens creates an image of the type in its focus. The sensitive film FP is placed at the focal point of this lens 21 '. For this purpose, the optical distance between the film FP and the lens 2 P, taking into account the R reflection in the prism 3 P, is equal to the focal length of the lens 2P. From this it follows that for all positions which the arrangement formed by the lens 2 P and the prism 3 P can assume between the rightmost position shown in full line and the initial position shown in dashed lines, a sharp image is always produced on the film Dimensions remain constant and only depend on the focal lengths of the two lenses. Let D denote the distance, assumed to be very large, at which the lens i P produces an image of the type carried by the disk. This image is an inverted real image for the lens il 'located on the right-hand side of the figure, the magnification being D, / f,. For the lens 2 P, this image is a virtual object which is also at a very great distance D2 and of which it creates a real image in the same direction at its focal point with a magnification of f2 / D2. If the type carried by the disk is exactly in the focal point of the lens i P, the distances D1 and D2 become infinite and can consequently be regarded as equal; In contrast, the distance between the lenses becomes negligible, and this results in the resultant magnification, which is the product of the two magnifications of the two lenses ; 1.h. it is constant for all positions of the lens 2P when it slides in the tube 5P. As a result of the presence of the prism, the image is inverted compared to the arrangement described above; however, the characters can be given the desired position by arranging their matrices on the disk in a suitable manner.

\ laii can increase the magnification and, as a result, the size of the characters change by changing the focal length of lens i P or lens 2 P. Around z. B. to obtain larger characters, it is sufficient to set the focal length f2 of the lens 2P enlarge or reduce that of the lens i P. The substitution seems practical the lens i P easier. The new lens is arranged so that the types of disc lie in their focal plane. Under these circumstances the picture continues to emerge the film FP and maintains constant dimensions regardless of that of the movable ones Lens 2P and the associated prism 3 P in the tube 5 P given position.

FIG. 35 is a profile view of that shown schematically in FIG. 34 Contraption. The photosensitive film FP comes from a delivery reel 6 P and arrives on an indexing roller 8 P, which is actuated at each end of the line to the Establish space under the lines, whereupon the film on the take-up reel 9 P is wound up. This arrangement is the same as the movable lens system and the prism arranged on a frame to P, and the overall arrangement is opposite the outside light protected by a suitable device, not shown.

Figures 36 and 37 show how the system just described is in place of the film carrier carriage shown in Fig. 4 can be attached. By the variable progression (Fig. 3 and 4) controlled screw spindle 17 F is used in the manner described with reference to Figures 3 and I to provide a Adjust nut E. The prism 3 P is mounted in a holder i i P, the is provided with rollers 12 P running on rails 13 P. Fig. 36 is a vertical one Center section of the slide carrying the prism.

The optical system just described offers the advantage of using to enable a stationary photosensitive surface. The moving ones Parts of a lens and a prism are relatively very light in weight limited, which can be moved more easily, quickly and over longer distances can be used as a carriage which carries a film magazine, its weight necessarily is much larger. With this device it is also possible to use \ lagazine which can contain large quantities of film, and these with accessories, such as B. Knife for cutting off the exposed film, stamp, shutter housing etc., to be provided.

Although the present invention with reference to exemplary embodiments it is clear that it is by no means limited to these examples is, but that you make numerous modifications and changes of the invention can. without leaving their frame.

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Hiotographic @ etziiiasdiine.lie # ix @ -elcller the types forming a line are registered before the photograph, while the type matrices are carried by a rotatable disk or drum, characterized in that the matrix carrier rotates continuously and that the types are placed on a photosensitive surface photographed by means of an extremely short flash of light, the duration of which is equal to or less than 30 microseconds and which occurs under the control of the registration device (ENR, Fig. 2) at the moment in which the type to be photographed comes into the exposure position. 2. Photographic typesetting machine according to claim i, characterized in that the photographic impression is divided into two phases, namely a first phase, during which all carried by the die support disc or drum (1)) Letters of the alphabet in front of the taking lens (O) at constant speed Walk past and photograph the selected letter with a flashlight (L) is, and a second phase during which the film by one of the width of the just photographed letter is moved forward by the same amount while the die carrier disc or drum (D) returned to the starting position during this time becomes so that the whole alphabet for the photograph of the next letter of new passes in front of the taking lens (O). 3. Photographic typesetting machine according to claim i and 2, characterized by a rotatable type carrier (1), Fig. 29), which has a font (F1) on part of its circumference and a z «-side font (F2) carries a control circuit for the lllitz tube and means for changing the: working time of the circle opposite the flash lamp the rotation of the type carrier (1l). such that the font is changed. 4. Setting machine according to claim i, characterized in that the type matrices are photographed at the moment of their passing in front of the lens (O) by an extremely short luminous discharge, which is made possible by the registration device (ENR) and triggered by a photoelectric pulse that is triggered by the passage of a mark, e.g. B. an opaque or transparent gap (F ', Fig. 16), which is rigidly connected to the type carrier (D) and is arranged at a certain distance from the type on (lern paths of a light beam. Ä. Setting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the mark (F ') assigned to each type on the die carrier (D) to achieve the photoelectric pulse that triggers the photoelectric pulse during the manufacture of the die carrier (D) by simultaneous photography of the mark (F') and the assigned type 6. Setting machine according to claim 1, in which the types are registered in a binary code, characterized in that the binary code of the registration device (ENR, Fig. 16) is corroded by a rotatable 1) ccliiffricl line (42) is translated, which is driven with the die carrier (D) and the combinations of the different types by conductive and non-conductive showing parts (Fig. io), whereby this decliitration device actuates a control circuit (40, Fig. 16) during the passage of the selected type through the recording position and allows the photoelectric pulse to trigger the recording flash. j. Typesetting machine according to Claim i, in which the types are translated into a binary code and registered in this form in a registration device, characterized in that a certain number of elements of the binary code are used to identify the width of the types in binary encryption. Typesetting machine according to Claim j, characterized in that the elements of the registration code which characterize the width of the types actuate a binary counter (Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15) which adds up the length of the line, and in that the adjustment is obtained in that the number of adjustable spaces converted into binary counting is added to the line length (P-inal) so often that the capacity of the counter is reached or exceeded, and that the width of the adjustable spaces is increased by a number of units equal to P. i Inlet »for a number of spaces is equal to the number displayed by the counter after its capacity has been reached or exceeded and P units for the remaining spaces. 9. typesetting machine according to claim i, marked by a keyboard (CL, Fig. I), a line counter (CPi, Fig. 1) for registering the values of the width of the types, a space counter (CP2, Fig. 1), a circuit, which is traversed by a current that depends on the total value of the line length, a measuring instrument for measuring the strength of this current, this measuring instrument being divided in such a way that it indicates the difference between the width values and the length of the adjusted line, a second measuring device (@l : ll), which responds simultaneously to this current and to the interval counter to indicate the value of the desired adjustment increment. ok Typesetting machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the line counter (Fig. 16 to 21) is a binary counter with several stages, a resistor (C1, Fig. 21) for each stage and a common measuring circuit which connects these resistors in parallel and connects to the apparatus for measuring the deficit. i i. Typesetting machine according to Claims i and 8, characterized by a stepping mechanism (PR, Fig. 20) connected to the binary counter (12) and means for bringing this stepping mechanism forward when the binary counter exceeds its capacity. 12. Setting machine according to claim 11, characterized by subtraction means for the binary counter (12), means for performing the subtraction on the stepping mechanism (PR, Fig. 20) without reversing its direction, and means with an additional stepping mechanism (SZ, Fig. 20), which can be operated to change the end position of the first stepping mechanism. 13. Setting machine according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the counter (Fig. 12, 13, 14, 15) has as many binary registration elements with two stable positions as there are binary levels for identifying the width of the types, each Registration element is actuated by an actuating and retaining relay with two opposing windings, to which the control potential of the corresponding stage or the retaining potential coming from the previous stage is applied in such a way that this actuating relay remains at rest in the event of an input occurring at the same time as a restraint, without actuating the registration element, but transfers the retention potential to the next level through a break contact. 14. Setting machine according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the counter (Fig. 12, 13, 14, 15) for each stage has actuating and retaining relays which prevent the control potential of a stage from bringing the corresponding binary registration element to work if at the same time a retention potential is transmitted from the lower stage, and regardless of the position of the registration element of the next stage, a retention potential is transmitted to this. 15. Setting machine according to claim 7 or 8, in which the counter has as many mechanical binary registration elements with two stable positions as there are binary counting steps for identifying the width of the types, characterized in that the registration elements are actuated by differentials (Fig. 23 , 24, 25), in which one input is actuated by a restraint pulse coming from the previous stage and the other input by the actuating pulse of the stage to which the element belongs, the resulting movement being transmitted to the following stage by a non-reversible transmission device which transmits every second pulse. 16. Setting machine according to claim 15, characterized in that the device for the transmission (z. B. 9 AT and 6 B, Fig. 23) from one stage to the other has two organs which are mutually displaced by a pitch and which one through a sliding movement can bring the two stages into engagement without disengagement, so that the restraint positions are reversed and the counter (Figs. 23, 24) performs an addition in one case and a subtraction in the other. 17. Setting machine according to claim 15, characterized in that the device for intermittent transmission (Fig. 23) is provided with a position in which it does not transmit the restraints, but prevents the transmission of the adjustments to the lower level, which allows the Steps that have responded can be returned to the zero position without mutual interference by the device for transmitting the restraint occurring. 18. Setting machine according to claim i, characterized in that the registration device (ENR, Fig. I and 2) has two independent parts, one of which is intended for registration and the other for reading, the former (EILT) of Keyboard (CL, Fig. I) and the carriage (CM, Fig. 1) of a typewriter is assigned during the stroke and a line is registered by pressing the sliding pins (e.g. B1 to B 7 ) arranged in a plane while the second (EX) is assigned to a photographic unit and detects the indented pens characterizing the previous line, the registration pen field (EB) having two groups of pens (B and B ') , one of which works together with the registration part assigned to the carriage of the typewriter, while the other works with the receiving unit. ic). Typesetting machine according to claim i, characterized by a keyboard (CL, Fig. I), a registration device (ENR, Fig. I) for storing the code corresponding to each actuated type key, a binary counter with several levels for storing the value of the width of the types, a Correcting device for subtracting the value of the width of a wrong type, the correcting device comprising means for inverting each stage of the binary counter, means for adding the value of the width of the wrong type and means for again inverting each step of the counter. 20. Typesetting machine according to claim 18, characterized in that the receiving or recording device (ENR, Fig. 2), the adjustment of which is controlled by the carriage (C_11) of the typewriter, carries correction organs, with the help of which the pens corresponding to a given type initially can be determined in order to subtract the width of a type to be erased from the counter (Fig. 12, 13, 14, 15), and can then be returned to its rest position, which means the erasure of the type both in the counter and in the recording device (Fig . 2) causes. 21. Setting machine according to claim i with a slide carrying a photosensitive film which is adjusted proportionally to the width of the types by means of a variable increment, characterized in that the variable increment has a gear wheel (37F) which in the rest position with one with arms provided rotatable gear sector (39F) is in engagement via a movable gear (4oF), this gear (37F) first freed from the movable gear (4o F) and consequently from the gear sector and blocked in its position by a claw (47F) , while the tooth sector (39F) moves in the opposite direction of the direction of rotation of this wheel until one of its arms hits a stop piece (z. B. 41 F, Fig. 7), the position of which corresponds to the number of teeth to be incremented, and in the second place through the return of the claw (47 F) is released in the rest position and at the same time again with the tooth sector (39F) by the same time with the Fre When the claw is released, the movable gear (4o F) is brought into engagement, whereby the gear (37F) and the gear sector (39F) are returned until the arm (57F) of the gear sector meets its fixed rest stop (64F). 22. Setting machine according to claim 21, characterized in that the gear (4o F) which connects the gear (37F) with the toothed sector (39F) is controlled by a part (5o F) which acts as a bolt when it is turned is in the engaged position (Fig. 9) to absorb the impact effects. 23. Setting machine according to claim 21 and 22, characterized in that an arm (38F) of the tooth sector (39F) carrying part is provided with a pawl (34 F, Fig. 6) which at the moment in which the arm of the Tooth sector hits a stop, is pushed back and engages in a tooth of the wheel (37 F), so that the rebound of the tooth sector is prevented by the impact. 24. Setting machine according to claim i with a slide carrying a film driven by a variable incrementation, characterized in that the variable incrementation drives the film carrier carriage (CHA, Fig. 3 and 4) by means of a drive screw (17 F, Fig.3), whose pitch is close to the locking angle or exceeds it, so that the repercussions of the carriage stopping on the variable incremental shift are suppressed or reduced and converted into a pressure in the axial direction of the drive worm. 25. Setting machine according to claim i, characterized in that the film (FP, Fig. 3, 4) is fixed and that the images of the types by means of a first lens (i P), which acts as a collimator, and a second lens (2 P), which can be intermittently adjusted along the optical axis of the collimator according to the width of the successive types, a mirror or prism (3 P) being assigned to the second objective in order to transfer the image formed by this onto the sensitive film (FP ), which is located from the second lens (2 P) at an optical distance that is equal to the focal length of this lens.